ἕως, a particle marking a limit, and I. as a conjunction signifying 1. the temporal terminus ad quem, till, until (Latindonee,usquedum); as in the best writings a. with an preterite indicative, where something is spoken of which continued up to a certain time: Mat_2:9 (ἕως ... ἔστη (ἐστάθη L T Tr WH)); (1Ma_10:50; Wis_10:14, etc.). b. with ἄν and the aorist subjunctive (equivalent to the Latin future perfect), where it is left doubtful when that will take place till which it is said a thing will continue (cf. Winer's Grammar, § 42, 5): ἴσθι ἐκεῖ, ἕως ἄν εἴπω σοι, Mat_2:13; add, ; Mar_6:10; Mar_12:36; Luk_17:8; Luk_20:43; Acts 2:55; Heb_1:13; after a negative sentence: Mat_5:18; Mat_5:26; Mat_10:23 (T WH omit ἄν); ; Mar_9:1; Luk_9:27; Luk_21:32; 1Co_4:5; with the aorist subjunctive without the addition of ἄν: Mar_6:45 R G; (here Tr marginal reading future); Luk_15:4; ( T Tr WH; L T Tr WH); 2Th_2:7; Heb_10:13; Rev_6:11 (Rec. ἕως οὗ); οὐκ ἀνἔζησαν ἕως τελεσθῇ τά χίλια ἔτη, did not live again till the thousand years had been finished (elapsi fuerint), Rev_20:5 Rec. Cf. Winers Grammar, § 41 b. 3. c. more rarely used with the present indicative where the aorist subjunctive might have been expected (Winers Grammar, as above; Buttmann, 231 (199)): so four times ἕως ἔρχομαι, Luk_19:13 (where L T Tr WH ἐν ᾧ for ἕως, but cf. Bleek at the passage); Joh_21:22; 1Ti_4:13; ἕως ἀπολύει, Mar_6:45 L T Tr WH, for R G ἀπολύσῃ (the indicative being due to a blending of direct and indirect discourse; as in Plutarch, Lycurgus 29, 3 δεῖν οὖν ἐκείνους ἐμμένειν τοῖς καθεστωσι νόμοις ... ἕως ἐπανεισιν). d. once with the future indicative, according to an improbable reading in Luk_13:35 : ἕως ἥξει Tdf., ἕως ἄν ἥξει Lachmann, for R G ἕως ἄν ἥξῃ; (but WH (omitting ἄν ἥξῃ ὅτε) read ἕως εἴπητε; Tr omits ἄν and brackets ἥξῃ ὅτε; cf. Buttmann, 231f (199f)). 2. as in Greek writings from Homer down, as long as, while, followed by the indicative in all tenses in the N. T. only in the present: ἕως ἡμέρα ἐστιν, Joh_9:4 (Tr marginal reading WH marginal reading ὡς); ἕως (L T Tr WH ὡς) τό φῶς ἔχετε, Joh_12:35 f (ἕως ἔτι φῶς ἐστιν, Plato, Phaedo, p. 89 c.); (Mar_6:45 (cf. c. above)). II. By a usage chiefly later it gets the force of an adverb, Latinusquead; and 1. used of a temporal terminus ad quem, until (unto); a. like a preposition, with a genitive of time (Winers Grammar, § 54, 6; Buttmann, 319 (274)): ἕως αἰῶνος, Luk_1:55 Griesbach (Eze_25:15 Alex.; 1Ch_17:16; Sir_16:26, Fritzsche; , etc.); τῆς ἡμέρας, Mat_26:29; Mat_27:64 : Luk_1:80; Act_1:22 (Tdf. ἄχρι); Rom_11:8, etc.; ὥρας, Mat_27:45; Mar_15:33; Luk_23:44; τῆς πεντηκοστῆς, 1Co_16:8; τέλους, 1Co_1:8; 2Co_1:13; τῆς σήμερον namely, ἡμέρας, Mat_27:8; τοῦ νῦν, Mat_24:21; Mar_13:19 (1Ma_2:33); χήρα ἕως ἐτῶν ὀγδοήκοντα τεσσάρων a widow (who had attained) even unto eighty-four years, Luk_2:37 L T Tr WH; before the names of illustrious men by which a period of time is marked: Mat_1:17; Mat_11:13; Luk_16:16 (where T Tr WH μέχρι); Act_13:20; before the names of events: Mat_1:17 (ἕως μετοικεσίας Βαβυλῶνος); ; Luk_11:51; Jas_5:7; ἕως τοῦ ἐλθεῖν, Act_8:40 (Buttmann, 266 (228); cf. Winer's Grammar, § 44, 6; Jdt_1:10 Jdt_11:19, etc.). b. with the genitive of the neuter relative pronoun οὗ or ὅτου it gets the force of a conjunction, until, till (the time when); α. ἕως οὗ (first in Herodotus 2, 143; but after that only in later authors, as Plutarch, et al. (Winers Grammar, 296 (278) note; Buttmann, 230f (199))): followed by the indicative, Mat_1:25 (WH brackets οὗ); ; Luk_13:21; Act_21:26 (see Buttmann); followed by the subjunctive aorist, equivalent to Latin future perfect, Mat_14:22; Mat_26:36 (where WH brackets οὗ and Lachmann has ἕως οὗ ἄν); Luk_12:50 (Rec.; Luk_15:8 Tr WH); Luk_24:49; Act_25:21; 2Pe_1:19; after a negative sentence, Mat_17:9; Luk_12:59 (R G L; Luk_22:18 Tr WH); Joh_13:38; Act_23:12; Act_23:14; Act_23:21. β. ἕως ὅτου, αα. until, till (the time when): followed by the indicative, Joh_9:18; followed by the subjunctive (without ἄν), Luk_13:8; Luk_15:8 (R G L T); after a negation, Luk_22:16; Luk_22:18 (R G L T). ββ. as long as, whilst (Son_1:12), followed by the present indicative, Mat_5:25 (see ἄχρι, 1 d. at the end). c. before adverbs of time (rarely so in the earlier and more elegant writings, as ἕως ὀψέ, Thucydides 3, 108; (cf. Winers Grammar, § 54, 6 at the end; Buttmann, 320 (275))): ἕως ἄρτι, up to this time, until now (Vig. ed. Herm., p. 388), Mat_11:12; Joh_2:10; Joh_5:17; Joh_16:24; 1Jn_2:9; 1Co_4:13; 1Co_8:7; 1Co_15:6; ἕως πότε; how long? Mat_17:17; Mar_9:19; Luk_9:41; Joh_10:24; Rev_6:10 (Psa_12:2 f (f); 2Sa_2:26; 1Ma_6:22); ἕως σήμερον, 2Co_3:15. 2. according to a usage dating from Aristotle down, employed of the localterminus ad quem, unto, as far as, even to; a. like a preposition, with a genitive of place (Winers Grammar, § 54, 6; Buttmann, 319 (274)): ἕως ᾅδου, ἕως τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, Mat_11:23; Luk_10:15; add, Mat_24:31; Mat_26:58; Mar_13:27; Luk_2:15; Luk_4:29; Act_1:8; Act_11:19; Act_11:22; Act_17:15; Act_23:23; 2Co_12:2; with the genitive of person, to the place where one is: Luk_4:42; Act_9:38 (ἕως ὑπερβορεων, Aelian v. h. 3, 18). b. with adverbs of place (Winers Grammar, and Buttmann, as in c. above): ἕως ἄνω, Joh_2:7; ἕως ἔσω, Mar_14:54; ἕως κάτω, Mat_27:51; Mar_15:38; ἕως ὧδε, Luk_23:5 (cf. Winers Grammar, § 66, 1 c.). c. with prepositions: ἕως ἔξω τῆς πόλεως, Act_21:5; ἕως εἰς, Luk_24:50 (R G L marginal reading, but L text T Tr WH ἕως πρός as far as to (Polybius 3, 82, 6; 12, 17, 4; Gen_38:1)); Polybius 1:11, 14; Aelian v. h. 12, 22. 3. of the limit (terminus)of quantity; with an adverb of number: ἕως ἑπτάκις, Mat_18:21; with numerals: Mat_22:26 (ἕως τῶν ἑπτά); cf. Mat_20:8; Joh_8:9 (Rec.); Act_8:10; Heb_8:11; οὐκ ἐστιν ἕως ἑνός, there is not so much as one, Rom_3:12 from Psa_13:1 (). 4. of the limit of measurement: ἕως ἡμίσους, Mar_6:23; Est_5:3; Est_5:6 Alex. 5. of the end or limit in acting and suffering: ἕως τούτου, Luk_22:51 (see ἐάω, 2); ἕως τοῦ θερισμοῦ, Mat_13:30 L Tr WH text; ἕως θανάτου, even to death, so that I almost die, Mar_14:34; Mat_26:38 (Sir_4:28 Sir_31:13 (Sir_34:13); ; 4Ma_14:19). STRONGS NT 2193a: ζ [ζ Zeta, on its substitution for sigma ς see Sigma.]

ἕως heōs 146x can function as an improper prep., while, as long as, Joh_9:4 ; until, Mat_2:9 ; Luk_15:4 ; as also in NT ἕως οὗ , ἕως ὅτου , Mat_5:18 ; Mat_5:26 ; ἕως ἄρτι , until now, Mat_11:12 ; ἕως πότε , until when, how long, Mat_17:17 ; ἕως σήμερον , until this day, to this time, 2Co_3:15 ; as a prep. of time, until, Mat_24:21 ; of place, unto, even to, Mat_11:23 ; Luk_2:15 ; ἕως ἄνω , to the brim, Joh_2:7 ; ἕως εἰς , even to, as far as, Luk_24:50 ; ἕως κάτω , to the bottom; ἕως ὥδε , to this place, Luk_23:5 ; of state, unto, even to, Mat_26:38 ; of number, even, so much as, Rom_3:12 , et al. freq.

ἕως , relative particle (Lat. donec, usgue), expressing the terminus ad quem ( cf. Burton , § 321 ff .). I. As conjunction; 1. till, until; (a) of a fact in past time, c . indic .: Mat_2:9 , al. ( Wis_10:14 , al ); (b) ἕως ἄν , c . subjc . aor. : Mat_2:13 ; Mat_5:18 , Mar_6:10 , al. ; without ἄν ( M . Pr., 168 f .; Lft., Notes , 115), Mar_14:32 ( Burton , § 325), Luk_12:59 , 2Th_2:7 , al. ; (c) c . indic . pres. ( Burton , § 328; Bl., § 65, 10): Mar_6:45 , Joh_21:22-23 , 1Ti_4:13 . 2. C . indic ., as long as, while ( Burton , § 327): Joh_9:4 ( Plat ., Phaedo, 89 c ). II. As an adverb (chiefly in late writers). 1. Of time, until, unto; (a) as prep . c . gen . (Bl., § 40, 6; M , Pr., 99): τ . ἡυέρας , Mat_26:29 , Luk_1:80 , Rom_11:8 , al. ; ὥρας , Mat_27:45 , al. ; τέλους , 1Co_1:8 , 2Co_1:13 ; τ . νῦν , Mat_24:21 , Mar_13:19 ( 1Ma_2:33 ); ἐτῶν ὀγ . ( Field, Notes , 49 f .), Luk_2:37 ; τ . ἐλθεῖν , Act_8:40 ; before names and events, Mat_1:17 ; Mat_2:15 , Luk_11:51 , Jas_5:7 , al. ; (b) seq . οὗ , ὅτου , with the force of a conic. ( Burton , § 330; M , Pr., 91); (1) ἕ . οὗ ( Hdt ., ii, 143; Plut ., al. ): c . indic ., Mat_1:25 ( WH br., οὗ ) Mat_13:33 , al. ; c . subjc . aor. , Mat_14:22 , al. ; (2) ἕ . ὅτου : c . subjc ., Luk_13:8 ; c . indic ., Mat_5:25 (until), Joh_9:18 ; (3) c . adv. (ἕ . ὀψέ , Thuc ., iii, 108): ἄρτι , Mat_11:12 , Joh_2:10 , 1Co_4:13 , al. ; πότε ( M , Pr., 107), Mat_17:17 , Mar_9:19 , Joh_10:24 , al. 2. Of place, as far as, even to, unto ( Arist ., al. ); (a) as prep . c . gen . ( v. supr .): Mat_11:23 , Luk_10:15 , al. ; (b) c . adv. (Bl., § 40, 6): ἄνω , Joh_2:7 ; ἔσω , Mar_14:54 ; κάτω , Mat_27:51 , Mar_15:38 ; ὧδε , Luk_23:5 ; (c) c . prep .: ἔξω , Act_21:5 ; πρός , Luk_24:50 ( Field, Notes , 83). 3. Of quantity, measure, etc.: Mat_18:21 , Mar_6:23 , Luk_22:51 , al.

ἕως [page 270] For ἕως as a conjunction followed by ἄν and the aor. subj., as in Mat_2:13 al. , cf. P Petr II. 40 ( a ) .28 (iii/B.C.) ἕως ἂν ὑγιαίνοντας ὑμᾶς ἴδωμεν , P Oxy VIII. 1124 .7 (A.D. 26) ἕ ]ω̣[ς ἂν τὸ ἀ ]πότακτο [ν ] κομίσηται . Ἄν is omitted in such passages as P Grenf II. 38 .16 (mid. i/B.C.) γράψον μοι περὶ τοῦ μὴ λογεύιν , ἕως καταβῆις , P Oxy III. 531 .6 (ii/A.D.) ἕως ἐπ᾽ ἀγαθῷ πρὸς σὲ παραγένομαι ( l. ωμαι ), ib. VIII. 1125 .15 (ii/A.D.) ἕως τὰ ὀφειλόμενα κομίσωνται : cf. Mar_14:32 al. , and on the NT usage generally see further Blass Gr. p. 219, also Proleg. p. 168 f. In P Oxy VIII. 1159 .21 (late iii/A.D.) ἔασ [ο ]ν δὲ παρ᾽ αὐτοῖς τὰ σύν [ερ ]γα ἕως πέμψω τὰ ἀναλώματα , leave the tools with them until I send the expenses (Ed.), we may perhaps have the fut. ind., as in Luk_13:35 AD, but the aor. subj. is more probable. In P Fay 118 .12 (A.D. 110) πορεύου εἰς Διονυσιάδα . . ἕως τὸν ἐκῖ ἐλαιῶνα ποτίσῃς , ἕως appears to have a final force (= ὡς ). For the later prepositional usage of ἕως with gen. of place, see P Tebt I. 33 .5 (B.C. 112) (= Selections , p. 30) ἀνάπλουν ἕως τοῦ Ἀρσι (νοιτου ) νο (μοῦ ) ἐπὶ θεωρίαν ποιούμενος , making the voyage as far as the Arsinoite nome to see the sights, and with gen. of time see BGU IV. 1128 .8 (B.C. 14) ἕως τοῦ προκ (ειμένου ) χρό (νου ) and OGIS 90 .16 (Rosetta stone B.C. 196) ἕως τοῦ πρώτου ἔτους ἐπὶ τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ = usque ad primum Ptolemaei Philopatoris annum (Ed.) : cf. also ib. 226 .29 (iii/B.C.) μαχοῦμαι [ὑπὲρ α ]ὐτοῦ καὶ [ν ] πραγμάτων τῶν ἐκείνου ἕως ζωῆς καὶ θανά [του (cf. Mar_14:34 ), with the editor s note. With ἕως τούτου in Luk_22:51 , cf. P Tebt I. 56 .7 (late ii/B.C.) οὐκ ἔχομεν ἕως τῆς τροφῆς τ̣ω̣̑ν κτηνῶν ἡμῶν , we have not so much as food for our cattle (Edd.), and with ἕως τοῦ νῦν in Mat_24:21 , cf. BGU IV. 1197 .8 (B.C. 4) οἱ σοι ] π̣ρ̣ο̣ς̣ [τ ]άται ἕως τοῦ ν̣υ̣ͅν̣ ἀ̣[πὸ ] τοῦ ἐννεακαιδεκ [άτου ] ἔτους [Κα ]ίσαρος οὐκ ἔδωκαν ἡμῖν . The supposed Hebraism in ἕως πότε ( Mar_9:19 ) is discussed by Moulton in Cambridge Biblical Essays , p. 473 f.

ἕως "until, till", Lat. donec, dum, Hom. :—in Hom. sometimes used = τέως, "for a time":—to express a fact, ἕως is foll. by Ind., εἷος φίλον ὤλεσε θυμόν Il. ; when the event is uncertain, by the opt., ἕως ὅ γε μιγείη "till" he should reach, Od. ἕως ἄν or κε with Subj., relating to an uncertain event in "future" time, μαχήσομαι, εἵως κε κιχείω "till" I find, Il. "while, so long as", εἵως πολεμίζομεν Od. ; ἕως ἔτι ἐλπίς [ἦν] Thuc. as adv., Lat. usque, mostly with Advs. of Time, ἕως ὅτε, Lat. usque dum, till the time when, Xen. ; so, ἕως οὗ Hdt. ; ἕως ὀψέ "till" late, Thuc. :—c. gen., ἕως τοῦ ἀποτῖσαι "till" he made payment, ap. Aeschin.

ἕως, relative particle (Lat. donee, usque), expressing the terminus ad quem (cf. Burton, §321ff.). __I. As conjunction; __1. till, until; __(a) of a fact in past time, with indic.: Mat.2:9, al. (Wis.10:14, al.); __(b) ἕως ἄν, with subjc. aor.: Mat.2:13 5:18, Mrk.6:10, al.; without ἄν (M. Pr., 168f.; Lft., Notes, 115), Mrk.14:32 (Burton, §325), Luk.12:59, 2Th.2:7, al.; __(with) with indic., present (Burton, §328; BL, §65, 10): Mrk.6:45, Jhn.21:22, 23 1Ti.4:13. __2. C. indic., as long as, while (Burton, §327): Jhn.9:4 (Plat., Phaedo, 89c). __II. As an adverb (chiefly in late writers). __1. Of time, until, unto; __(a) as prep. with genitive (BL, §40, 6; M, Pr., 99): τ. ἡμέρας, Mat.26:29, Luk.1:80, Rom.11:8, al.; ὥρας, Mat.27:45, al.; τέλους, 1Co.1:8, 2Co.1:13; τ. νῦν, Mat.24:21, Mrk.13:19 (1Ma.2:33); ἐτῶν ὀγ. (Field, Notes, 49f.), Luk.2:37; τ. ἐλθεῖν, Act.8:40; before names and events, Mat.1:17 2:15, Luk.11:51, Jas.5:7, al.; __(b) before οὗ, ὅτου, with the force of a conjc. (Burton, §330; M, Pr., 91); __(α) ἕ. οὗ (Hdt., ii, 143; Plut., al.): with indic., Mat.1:25 (WH br., οὗ) 13:33, al.; with subjc. aor., Mat.14:22, al.; __(β) ἔ. ὅτου: with subjc., Luk.13:8; with indic., Mat.5:25 (until), Jhn.9:18; __(with) with adv. (ἔ. ὀψέ, Thuc, iii, 108): ἄρτι, Mat.11:12, Jhn.2:10, 1Co.4:13, al.; πότε (M, Pr., 107), Mat.17:17, Mrk.9:19, Jhn.10:24, al. __2. Of place, as far as, even to, unto (Arist., al.); __(a) as prep. with genitive (see supr.): Mt 1123, Lk 1015, al.; __(b) with adv. (BL, §40, 6): ἄνω, Jhn.2:7; ἔσω, Mrk.14:54; κάτω, Mat.27:51, Mrk.15:38; ὧδε, Luk.23:5; __(with) with prep.: ἔξω, Act.21:5; πρός, Luk.24:50 (Field, Notes, 83). __3. Of quantity, measure, etc.: Mat.18:21, Mrk.6:23, Luk.22:51, al. (AS)