Quick Definition
κακῶς Adv badly, evilly
Strong's Definition
from 2556; badly (physically or morally)
KJV Usage: amiss, diseased, evil, grievously, miserably, sick, sore
UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament
advb. | κακόω
88.106 · Moral and Ethical Qualities and Related Behavior · Bad, Evil, Harmful, Damaging
bad, evil, harmful, harshly pertaining to being bad, with the implication of harmful and damaging The implication in ACT 23:5 is that one must not speak in such a way as ‘to cause harm to.’
20.18 · Violence, Harm, Destroy, Kill · Harm, Wound
harmed, harm, injured pertaining to having experienced harm The phrase κακῶς πάσχει in MAT 17:15 may be a reference to a type of epileptic seizure.
72.22 · True, False · Accurate, Inaccurate
incorrect, wrong pertaining to being incorrect or inaccurate, with the possible implication of also being reprehensible
78.17 · Degree · Much, Little [Positive-Negative Degree]
seriously, severely, grievously, dangerously a high point on a scale of extent and implying harm and seriousness of the state
23.148 · Physiological Processes and States · Sickness, Disease, Weakness
Collocation: κακῶς ἔχω
to be ill, to be sick (an idiom, literally: to have badly, or: to fare badly) to be in a bad state, to be ill (to some extent equivalent to the English idiom ‘to be bad off,’ in speaking of ill health)
MAT 4:24 · MAT 8:16 · MAT 9:12 · MAT 14:35 · MRK 1:32 · MRK 1:34 · MRK 2:17 · MRK 6:55 · LUK 5:31 · LUK 7:2
UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament © United Bible Societies, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0.
Thayer's Greek Lexicon
κακῶς, (κακός), adv., [fr. Hom. down], badly, ill,i.e. a. [in a physical sense] miserably: ἔχειν, to be ill, sick [see ἔχω, 11. a.], Mt. iv. 24; viii. 16; ix. 12; xiv. 35; [xvii. 15 LTrtxt. WH txt.]; Mk. [i. 32, 34]; ii. 17; [vi. 55]; Lk. v. 31; vii. 2, ete.; πάσχειν, Mt. xvii. 15 [RGT Tr mre. WH mrg.]; δαιμονίζεσθαι, Mt. xv. 22; κακοὺς κακῶς ἀπολέσει, Mt. xxi. 41, on this combination of words with verbs of destroying, perishing, ete., which is freq. in Grk. writ. also, cf. Kuinoel ad loc.; W. § 68, 1. b. [morally] improperly, wrongly: In. xviii. 23 ; κακῶς εἰπεῖν Twa, to speak ill of, revile, one, Acts xxiil. 5; with bad intent, αἰτεῖσθαι. Jas. iv. 3.
Mounce Concise Greek Dictionary
κακῶς kakōs 16x
ill, badly; physically ill, sick, Mt. 4:24; 8:16; grievously, vehemently, Mt. 15:22; wretchedly, miserably, Mt. 21:41; wickedly, reproachfully, Acts 23:5; wrongly, criminally, Jn. 18:23; amiss, Jas. 4:3
Abbott-Smith Greek Lexicon
κακῶς
(< κακός),
adv.,
[in LXX: Wi 18:19, IV Mac 6:17, al.; κ. εἰπεῖν, ἐρεῖν (ארר, קלל pi.), Ex 22:28(27), Le 19:14, Is 8:21; κ. ἔχειν (חלה, Ez 34:4, al.;]
badly, ill; in physical sense: κ. ἔχειν, to be ill, Mt 4:24 8:16 9:12 14:35 17:15, Mk 1:32, 34 2:17 6:55, Lk 5:31 7:2; πάσχειν, Mt 17:15 (WH, mg.); δαιμονίζεσθαι, Mt 15:22; κακοὺς κ. ἀπολέσει (as freq. in cl., v. LS, s.v.; MM, Exp., xv), evil that they are, he will evilly, etc., Mt 21:41;
in moral sense, wrongly (I Mac 7:42, IV Mac 6:17, al.): κ. λαλεῖν, Jo 18:23; εἰπεῖν, c. acc. pers., Ac 23:5; αἰτεῖσθαι, Ja 4:8.†
Moulton & Milligan — Vocabulary of the Greek NT
κακῶς. For the phrase κακῶς ἔχειν, as in Mt 44 etc., cf. P Oxy VI. 935} (iii/A.D.) ἔμελλον... ἀναβῆναι . . ἐπεὶ of παρὰ] Σαραπίω[νος] εἶπον [κακ]ῶς ἔχειν ald]t[dv, “I intended to come up since Sarapion’s friends said that he was ill” (Edd.), 26. 938° (iii/iv A.D.) τῶν οὖν κτηνῶν κακῶς ἐχόντων, ““since, then, the oxen are in a bad way.’’ The combination κακοὺς κακῶς ἀπολέσει αὐτούς in Mt 214! sounds rather literary, but cf. 6 τούτων τι ποιῶν Kaids κακῇ ἐξωλείᾳ ἀπόλοιτο in Sy// 5845 1., which Michel doubtfully assigns to i/B.c. The inser. is from Smyrna, apparently from a temple of Atargatis, whose sacred fishes are protected by this portentous curse: he who injures them is to die, ἰχθυόβρωτος γενόμενος (cf. the formation of the adj. σκωληκόβρωτος, Ac 12%), It seems clear that the collocation κακοὺς κακώς ἀπολέσθαι, starting as a literary phrase, had been perpetuated in common parlance, like our stock quotations from Shakespeare. Cf. also the inscr. from the Roman catacomb of Priscilla, Kazbe/ 7347 &— ὅ ποτε πλούσιος περὶ τέκνα νῦν κακὸν κακῶς τηρῶν ὡς Τάνταλος κολάζομαι. For other exx. of the adverb see P Petr II. 19(2)38 (Ptol.) ἔρρειμαι yap κακῶς διακείμενος am’ ἐκείνου, P Oxy X. 1346 (ii/A.D. ?) ἐν τῇ (?)] πόλει γέγναπται καὶ κακῶς ἐγνάφη, 70. I. 34 τε, σοἱδι. 15. (a.p, 127) διὰ ἀπειθίαν κ[ακ]ῶς ἀφορμὴν ἵητοῦντας ἁμαρτημάτω[ν] τειμωρήσομαι, where Brinkmann (see Kuhring Praef. p. 41 ἢ. suggests κ[ακ]ῶς for the ἐθεράπευσας, of possible wrong medical treatment.
Liddell-Scott-Jones — Greek-English Lexicon
κακῶς (kakōs) — badly. Included with: κᾰκός, ή, όν,
__A bad: __A.I of persons, __A.I.1 of appearance, ugly, εἶδος μὲν ἔην κακός [Refs 8th c.BC+] __A.I.2 of birth, ill-born, mean, γένος ἐστὲ διοτρεφέων βασιλήων.., ἐπεὶ οὔ κε κακοὶ τοιούσδε τέκοιεν [Refs 8th c.BC+] __A.I.3 of courage, craven, base, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; Ἕκτωρ σε κ. καὶ ἀνάλκιδα φήσει [Refs 8th c.BC+]; οὐδαμῶν κακίονες[Refs 5th c.BC+] __A.I.4 bad of his kind, i. e. worthless, sorry, unskilled, ἡνίοχοι [Refs 8th c.BC+]; [τοξότης] ἢ κ. ἢ ἀγαθός[Refs 8th c.BC+]; κ. ἀλήτης a bad beggar,[Refs 4th c.BC+]; κυβερνήτης, ναύτης, [Refs 5th c.BC+] I am not bad in all things, [Refs 8th c.BC+]: with infinitive, κ. μανθάνειν [Refs]; [νῆσος] φυτεύεσθαι κακή [Refs]; compare 11. __A.I.5 in moral sense, base, evil, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; opposed to Χρηστός, [Refs 5th c.BC+] __A.I.6 wretched, [Refs 3rd c.BC+] __A.II of things, evil, pernicious, frequently in [Refs 8th c.BC+]; Χόλος, ἔρις, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; πόλεμος, ἔπος, ἔργα, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἦμαρ, ἄνεμος, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; of omens and the like, unlucky, ὄρνις, ὄναρ, σῆμα, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; of words, abusive, foul, κ. λόγοι [Refs 5th c.BC+]; κ. ποιμήν, i.e. the storm, [Refs 4th c.BC+]: Astrology texts, unlucky, τόποι [Refs 4th c.AD+]; κ. τύχη, name for the sixth region, [Refs 4th c.AD+] __B κακόν, τό, and κακά, τά, as substantive, evil, ill, δίδου δ᾽ ἀγαθόν τε κακόν τε [Refs 8th c.BC+]; so κ. ἄμαχον, ἄπρηκτα, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἔκπαγλον, ἄφερτον, ἀμήχανον, etc., [Refs 5th c.BC+]; κακὸν ἥκει τινί there's trouble in store for some one, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; δυοῖν ἀποκρίνας κακοῖν the least of two evils, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; κακῶν Ἰλιάς, see at {Ἰλιά; κακόν τι ῥέξαι τινά} to do harm or ill to any one, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; κακὰ φέρειν, τεύχειν τινί, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; κακόν τι (or κακὰ) ποιεῖν τινα (see. δράω, ποιέω, ἐργάζομαι); κακὸν πάσχειν ὑπό τινος to suffer evil from one, [Refs 5th c.BC+] __B.2 κακά, τά, evil words, reproaches, πολλά τε καὶ κακὰ λέγειν [Refs 5th c.BC+] __B.3 Philos., κακόν, τό, Evil, [Refs 3rd c.AD+] __B.4 of a person, pest, nuisance, τουτὶ παρέξει τὸ κ. ἡμῖν πράγματα [Refs 5th c.BC+]; also, comically, ὅσον συνείλεκται κακὸν ὀρνέων what a devil of a lot of birds, [Refs] __C degrees of Comparison: __C.1 regular comparative in Epic dialect, κακώτερος [Refs 8th c.BC+]: also in late Prose, [Refs 4th c.AD+]: irregular κακίων, ον [with ῐ], [Refs 8th c.BC+], with ῑ in Trag., except [Refs 5th c.BC+] __C.2 superlative κάκιστος [Refs 8th c.BC+] __D adverb κακῶς ill, ἢ εὖ ἦε κακῶς [Refs 8th c.BC+]; κακῶς ποιεῖν τινα to treat one ill; κακῶς ποιεῖν τι to hurt, damage a thing; κακῶς ποιεῖν τινά τι to do one any evil or harm; κ. πράσσειν to fare ill, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; of illness, [NT+4th c.BC+]; Χρῆν Κανδαύλῃ γενέσθαι κ. [Refs 5th c.BC+]; with play on two senses, ὡς κ. ἔχει ἅπας ἰατρός, ἂν κ. μηδεὶς ἔχῃ [Refs 3rd c.BC+]; κ. ἐρεῖν τινά, λέγειν τὴν πόλιν, [Refs 6th c.BC+]; κ. εἰδότες, ={ἀγνοοῦντες}, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; κακῶς ἐκπέφευγα I have barely escaped, [Refs 4th c.BC+]: comparative κάκιον [Refs 5th c.BC+]: superlative κάκιστα [Refs 5th c.BC+] __D.2 adverb and adjective frequently coupled in Trag., Attic dialect, etc., κακὸν κακῶς νιν.. ἐκτρῖψαι βίον [NT+5th c.BC+]; in reversed order, ὥσπερ ἀξία κακῶς κακὴ θανεῖται [Refs 5th c.BC+]; with intervening words, κακῶς.. ἀπόλλυσθαι κακούς [Refs 5th c.BC+]. (Perh. cognate with Avest. kasu-, comparative kasyah-, superlative kasišta- 'small', Lithuanian nukašëti 'grow feeble, thin', [Refs 1st c.BC+] hager.)