καλός, -7, -dv, [ prob. primarily ‘ sound,’ ‘ hale,’ ‘ whole ;’ ef. Vaniéek p. 140 sq. ; Curtius § 51], Sept. for 75

καλός kalos 101x

pr. beautiful; good, of good quality or disposition; fertile, rich, Mt. 13:8, 23; useful, profitable, Lk. 14:34; καλόν ἐστι[ν], it is profitable, it is well, Mt. 18:8, 9; excellent, choice, select, goodly, Mt. 7:17, 19; καλόν ἐστι[ν], it is pleasant, delightful, Mt. 17:4; just, full measure, Lk. 6:38; honorable, distinguished, Jas. 2:7; good, possessing moral excellence, worthy, upright, virtuous, Jn. 10:11, 14; 1 Tim. 4:6; τὸ καλόν, and τὸ καλόν ἔργον, what is good and right, a good deed, rectitude, virtue, Mt. 5:16; Rom. 7:18, 21; right, duty, propriety, Mt. 15:26; benefit, favor, Jn. 10:32, 33

καλός, -ή, -όν,

[in LXX chiefly for טוֹב, טוֹבָה, also for יָפֶה, etc.;]

primarily, of outward form ("related to . . . ἀγαθός as the appearance to the essence," Cremer, 339), fair, beautiful: λίθοι (EV, goodly), Lk 21:5.

In reference to use, of that which is well adapted to its ends, good, excellent: of fish, τ. καλά (opp. to σαπρά), Mt 13:48; σπέρμα, Mt 13:24, 27, 37, 38; καρπός, Mt 3:10 7:17-19 12:33, Lk 3:9 [WH] 6:43; δένδρον (opp. to σαρπόν), Mt 12:33, Lk 6:43; γῆ, Mt 13:8, 23, Mk 4:8, 20, Lk 8:15; τ. ἅλας, Mk 9:50, Lk 14:34; ὁ νόμος, Ro 7:16, I Ti 1:8; διδασκαλία, I Ti 4:6; καρδία κ. καὶ ἀγαθή, Lk 8:15; παραθήκη, II Ti 1:14; μέτρον, Lk 6:38; βαθμός, I Ti 3:13; θεμέλιος, I Ti 6:19; τὸ κ., I Th 5:21; μαργαρίται, Mt 13:45; οἶνος, Jo 2:10; ποιμήν, Jo 10:11, 14; διάκονος, I Ti 4:6; οἰκονόμος, I Pe 4:10; στρατιώτης, II Ti 2:3; στρατεία, I Ti 1:18; ἀγών, I Ti 6:12, II Ti 4:7; ὁμολογία, I Ti 6:12, 13; ἔργον, Mt 26:10, Mk 14:6, Jo 10:33, I Ti 3:1; pl., Jo 10:32; καλόν ἐστιν, c. inf. et dat., Mt 18:8, 9, I Co 7:1, 26 9:15; id. c. acc. et inf., Mt 17:4, Mk 9:5, 43, 45, 47, Lk 9:33, He 13:9; seq. εἰ, Mt 26:24, Mk 9:42 14:21; ἐάν, I Co 7:8.

Ethically, good, in the sense of right, fair, noble, honourable: Ga 4:18, He 5:14; ἔργα, Mt 5:16, I Ti 5:10, 25 6:18, Tit 2:7, 14 3:8, 14 (Field, Notes, 223 f.), He 10:24, I Pe 2:12; ἀναστροφή, Ja 3:13, I Pe 2:12; συνείδησις, He 13:18; seq. ἐνώπιον, Ro 12:17, II Co 8:21, I Ti 2:3; τὸ κ. ποιεῖν (κατεργάζεσθαι), Ro 7:18, 21, II Co 13:7, Ga 6:9, Ja 4:17; καλόν ἐστιν, c. inf., Mt 15:26 (T, ἔξεστιν), Mk 7:27, Ro 14:21, Ga 4:18; μαρτυρία, I Ti 3:7; ὄνομα, Ja 2:7; καύχημα, I Co 5:6 (neg.); θεοῦ ῥῆμα, He 6:5.

κ. does not occur in Re.†

SYN.: v.s. ἀγαθός.

καλός. Hort in his note on 1 Pet 212 has pointed out that while ἀγαθός ‘ denotes what is good in virtue of its results,” καλός “denotes that kind of goodness which is at once seen to be good.” It may not be possible always to press the distinction, but what we may call this self-evidencing power of καλός, a goodness as it appears to, and is realized by, others comes out generally speaking in the citations that follow. Thus in its application to persons the adj. is united with πιστός in the well-known early Christian letter of Psenosiris, where Psenosiris writes regarding Politike —t]atitny παραδέδωκα Tots καλοῖς καὶ πιστοῖς ἐξ αὐτῶν τῶν νεκροτάφων (“‘grave-diggers’’) eis τήρησιν (P Grenf II. 731" (late iii/A.D.) (= Selecttons, p. 118) ). And so in the Silco inscr., OGIS 201® (vi/A.D.), the King announces—érlotevoa τὸν ὅρκον αὐτῶν, ὡς καλοί εἰσιν ἄνθρωποι, ‘‘ quia honesti homines sunt” (Lepsius). With Heb 1318 we may compare P Rein 52° (iii/iv A.D.) οὐ καλῷ συνειδότι χρώμενοι. Similarly with reference to animals we read of μόσχους καλούς in PSI IV. 409" (iii/B.c.), and in P Tebt 11. 40912 (A.D. 5) of certain he-asses (Ὁ) as—Kadots . . καὶ τελήους καὶ εὐνοικούς, ‘fine animals without blemish and good-tempered”’ (Edd.). The varied usage with reference to things is seen in such passages as: P Lond 3564 (i/A.p.) (ΞΞ 11. p. 252, Selectéons, P- 59) καλῶς ποιήσεις ἰδίωι κινδύνῳ τὸ καλὸν πωλήσας ἐξ ὧν ἐάν σοι εἴπῃ φαρμάκων ἔχειν χρείαν Σώτας ὁ φίλος μου,

καλός (kalos) — good. καλός, ή, όν, Aeolic dialect κάλος (see. below), α, ον, Boeotian dialect καλϝός [Refs 6th c.BC+]:— __A beautiful, of outward form, frequently of persons, κάλλιστος ἀνὴρ ὑπὸ Ἴλιον ἦλθεν [Refs 8th c.BC+] usually in the phrase κ. τε μέγας τε [Refs 8th c.BC+]; μέγας καὶ κ. [Refs 8th c.BC+]; καλὸς δέμας beautiful of form,[Refs 5th c.BC+]; Χορῷ καλή beauteous in the dance, [Refs 8th c.BC+]: with infinitive, καλλίονες καὶ μείζονες εἰσοράασθαι [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐσορᾶν κ. [Refs 5th c.BC+]: frequently of parts of the body, fair, shapely, κ. πρόσωπα, ὅμματα, παρήϊα, σφυρά, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; of clothes, εἵματα, φάρεα, Χιτών, Χλαῖνα, πέδιλα, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; of arms and armour, κνημῖδες, ἀσπίς, σάκος, κόρυς, φάσγανα, ἔντεα, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; of buildings, manufactured articles, etc., αὐλὴ κ. τε μεγάλη τε [Refs]; κ. δώματα, τεῖχος, πόλιες,[Refs 8th c.BC+]; also τέμενος, ἀγρός, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐέρσα κ. ead.[Refs] __A.2 in Attic dialect added to a name in token of love or admiration, as Ἀρίσημος κ. [Refs]; ἐν τοῖσι τοίχοις ἔγραφ᾽ Ἀθηναῖοι καλοί” [Refs 5th c.BC+]; Ἀλκιβιάδης ὁ καλός, Σαπφὼ ἡ καλή, [Refs 5th c.BC+] __A.2.b ἡ Καλή or Καλλίστη, as epithet, [Refs 4th c.BC+] __A.2.c Καλοί, οἱ, divinities worshipped in childbirth, [Refs 2nd c.BC+] __A.3 τὸ καλόν beauty, [Refs 7th c.BC+], etc.; τὰ καλά the proprieties or elegancies of life, [Refs 5th c.BC+] __A.II with reference to use, good, of fine quality, κ. λιμήν [Refs 8th c.BC+]; Βορέῃ ἀνέμῳ.. καλῷ fair, [Refs]; κ. ἀργύριον, opposed to κίβδηλον, genuine silver, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; opposed to ἀποτετριμμένον, good silver currency, [Refs 3rd c.BC+]; ἐλαῖαι [Refs 3rd c.BC+]; γῆ [NT+4th c.AD+]; στρατόπεδον κάλλιστον [LXX+5th c.BC+]: with infinitive, λόφος κάλλιστος τρέχειν [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐν καλῷ [τόπῳ] in a good place, καθίζεσθαι, ὁρμεῖν, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐν καλῷ under favourable circumstances, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐν κ. (i.e. Χρόνῳ) in good time, in season, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐν οὐ κ. [Refs]; ἐν καλῷ [ἐστι] with infinitive, [Refs 5th c.BC+] with infinitive, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τί γὰρ ἐμοὶ ζῆν καλό; what is the good of life to me? [Refs 1st c.AD+]; καλῇ πίστει, = Latin bona fide, [Refs 3rd c.AD+] __A.II.2 of sacrifices, auspicious, σφάγια [Refs 5th c.BC+]: with infinitive, ἰέναι.. κ. ἡμῖν τὰ ἱερὰ ἦν [Refs 5th c.BC+] __A.III in a moral sense, beautiful, noble, honourable, in [Refs 8th c.BC+] only in neuter, οὐ καλὸν ἔειπες [Refs 8th c.BC+]; frequently καλόν [ἐστι] with infinitive, κ. τοι σὺν ἐμοὶ τὸν κήδειν ὅς κ᾽ ἐμὲ κήδῃ [Refs 8th c.BC+]; οὐ γὰρ ἔμοιγε κ. (i.e. ἄρχειν)[Refs 8th c.BC+]; so in Trag., καλόν μοι τοῦτο ποιούσῃ θανεῖν [LXX+5th c.BC+]: comparative, οὐ μέν τοι τόδε κάλλιον οὐδὲ ἔοικε [Refs 8th c.BC+]; κ. ἔργματα noble deeds, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀναστροφὴ κ. [NT]: in plural, excellences, πλῆθος καλῶν [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰ τοῦ παιδὸς κ. [Refs 5th c.BC+] __A.III.2 τὸ κ. moral beauty, virtue, honour, opposed to τὸ αἰσχρόν, [Refs 6th c.BC+]; τοὐμὸν κ. [Refs 5th c.BC+] __A.III.3 of persons, in early writers coupled with ἀγαθός, see at {καλοκἀγαθός}; later κ. ποιμήν [NT]; κ. στρατιώτης [NT] __A.IV in Attic dialect and Trag. frequently ironically, fine, specious, γέρας κ. [Refs 5th c.BC+] __B Degrees of comparative: comparative καλλίων, ον, [Refs 8th c.BC+]: superlative κάλλιστος, η, ον, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; late καλλιώτερος or -ότερος, [Refs 5th c.BC+] __C adverb:—Poets frequently use neuter καλόν as adverb, κ. ἀείδειν [Refs 8th c.BC+]; later τὸ κ. [Refs 3rd c.BC+] __C.II regular adverb καλῶς (Doric dialect καλώς [Refs 5th c.BC+], well, rightly, οὐδ᾽ ἔτι κ. οἶκος ἐμὸς διόλωλε [Refs 8th c.BC+]; κ. ζῆν, τεθνηκέναι, etc., [Refs 5th c.BC+]; κ. φρονεῖν to be in one's right mind, [Refs]; κ. ἀγωνιεῖσθαι fairly, on the merits of the case, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; Χρήματα δατῆθθαι κ. [Refs 5th c.BC+] __C.II.2 of good fortune, well, happily, κ. πράσσειν, ={εὖ π}., [Refs 5th c.BC+]; κ. ἔχειν to be well, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; κ. ἔχει with infinitive, 'tis well to.., [Refs 5th c.BC+] to be well off in respect to a thing, [Refs 5th c.BC+] __C.II.3 καλῶς, ={πάνυ}, thoroughly, altogether, τὸν κ. εὐδαίμονα [Refs 5th c.BC+]: comparative, κάλλιον εἰδέναι [Refs 5th c.BC+]; κάλλιον ἐοικέναι to be just like, [Refs 5th c.BC+] __C.II.4 κ. ἀκούειν to be well spoken of, [Refs 4th c.BC+] __C.II.5 κ. ποιῶν rightly, deservedly, κ. ποιῶν ἀπόλλυται [Refs 5th c.BC+]; in requests, κ. ποιήσεις πριάμενος, etc., [Refs 3rd c.BC+], etc.; also with infinitive, κ. π. γράψαι [Refs 1st c.BC+] __C.II.6 in answers, to approve the words of the former speaker, well said! [Refs 5th c.BC+]; also, to decline an offer courteously, no, thank you! [Refs 5th c.BC+]; πάνυ κ. [Refs 5th c.BC+] __C.II.7 ironically, finely, καλῶς ἐρήμης γ᾽ ἂν σὺ γῆς ἄρχοις μόνος [Refs 5th c.BC+] __C.II.8 κ. ὁ ἱερεύς hurrah for the priest! [Refs 2nd c.AD+] __C.II.9 repeated with the adjective, καλὴ καλῶς [Refs 5th c.BC+] __C.II.10 comparative καλλιόνως [Refs 5th c.BC+]: superlative καλλίστως [Refs 5th c.BC+] __D for compounds, see at {καλλι-, καλο-}. __E Quantity: ᾱ in Epic dialect and early [Refs 8th c.BC+]: ᾰ in Lyric poetry (except κᾱλῶς [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰ μὴ κᾰλὰ κᾱλὰ πέφανται [Refs 3rd c.BC+].--In comparative, ῐ in [Refs 8th c.BC+]

καλός (kalos) — Fair (Havens). καλός, ή, όν, Aeolic dialect κάλος (see. below), α, ον, Boeotian dialect καλϝός [Refs 6th c.BC+]:— __A beautiful, of outward form, frequently of persons, κάλλιστος ἀνὴρ ὑπὸ Ἴλιον ἦλθεν [Refs 8th c.BC+] usually in the phrase κ. τε μέγας τε [Refs 8th c.BC+]; μέγας καὶ κ. [Refs 8th c.BC+]; καλὸς δέμας beautiful of form,[Refs 5th c.BC+]; Χορῷ καλή beauteous in the dance, [Refs 8th c.BC+]: with infinitive, καλλίονες καὶ μείζονες εἰσοράασθαι [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐσορᾶν κ. [Refs 5th c.BC+]: frequently of parts of the body, fair, shapely, κ. πρόσωπα, ὅμματα, παρήϊα, σφυρά, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; of clothes, εἵματα, φάρεα, Χιτών, Χλαῖνα, πέδιλα, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; of arms and armour, κνημῖδες, ἀσπίς, σάκος, κόρυς, φάσγανα, ἔντεα, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; of buildings, manufactured articles, etc., αὐλὴ κ. τε μεγάλη τε [Refs]; κ. δώματα, τεῖχος, πόλιες,[Refs 8th c.BC+]; also τέμενος, ἀγρός, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐέρσα κ. ead.[Refs] __A.2 in Attic dialect added to a name in token of love or admiration, as Ἀρίσημος κ. [Refs]; ἐν τοῖσι τοίχοις ἔγραφ᾽ Ἀθηναῖοι καλοί” [Refs 5th c.BC+]; Ἀλκιβιάδης ὁ καλός, Σαπφὼ ἡ καλή, [Refs 5th c.BC+] __A.2.b ἡ Καλή or Καλλίστη, as epithet, [Refs 4th c.BC+] __A.2.c Καλοί, οἱ, divinities worshipped in childbirth, [Refs 2nd c.BC+] __A.3 τὸ καλόν beauty, [Refs 7th c.BC+], etc.; τὰ καλά the proprieties or elegancies of life, [Refs 5th c.BC+] __A.II with reference to use, good, of fine quality, κ. λιμήν [Refs 8th c.BC+]; Βορέῃ ἀνέμῳ.. καλῷ fair, [Refs]; κ. ἀργύριον, opposed to κίβδηλον, genuine silver, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; opposed to ἀποτετριμμένον, good silver currency, [Refs 3rd c.BC+]; ἐλαῖαι [Refs 3rd c.BC+]; γῆ [NT+4th c.AD+]; στρατόπεδον κάλλιστον [LXX+5th c.BC+]: with infinitive, λόφος κάλλιστος τρέχειν [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐν καλῷ [τόπῳ] in a good place, καθίζεσθαι, ὁρμεῖν, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐν καλῷ under favourable circumstances, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐν κ. (i.e. Χρόνῳ) in good time, in season, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐν οὐ κ. [Refs]; ἐν καλῷ [ἐστι] with infinitive, [Refs 5th c.BC+] with infinitive, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τί γὰρ ἐμοὶ ζῆν καλό; what is the good of life to me? [Refs 1st c.AD+]; καλῇ πίστει, = Latin bona fide, [Refs 3rd c.AD+] __A.II.2 of sacrifices, auspicious, σφάγια [Refs 5th c.BC+]: with infinitive, ἰέναι.. κ. ἡμῖν τὰ ἱερὰ ἦν [Refs 5th c.BC+] __A.III in a moral sense, beautiful, noble, honourable, in [Refs 8th c.BC+] only in neuter, οὐ καλὸν ἔειπες [Refs 8th c.BC+]; frequently καλόν [ἐστι] with infinitive, κ. τοι σὺν ἐμοὶ τὸν κήδειν ὅς κ᾽ ἐμὲ κήδῃ [Refs 8th c.BC+]; οὐ γὰρ ἔμοιγε κ. (i.e. ἄρχειν)[Refs 8th c.BC+]; so in Trag., καλόν μοι τοῦτο ποιούσῃ θανεῖν [LXX+5th c.BC+]: comparative, οὐ μέν τοι τόδε κάλλιον οὐδὲ ἔοικε [Refs 8th c.BC+]; κ. ἔργματα noble deeds, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀναστροφὴ κ. [NT]: in plural, excellences, πλῆθος καλῶν [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰ τοῦ παιδὸς κ. [Refs 5th c.BC+] __A.III.2 τὸ κ. moral beauty, virtue, honour, opposed to τὸ αἰσχρόν, [Refs 6th c.BC+]; τοὐμὸν κ. [Refs 5th c.BC+] __A.III.3 of persons, in early writers coupled with ἀγαθός, see at {καλοκἀγαθός}; later κ. ποιμήν [NT]; κ. στρατιώτης [NT] __A.IV in Attic dialect and Trag. frequently ironically, fine, specious, γέρας κ. [Refs 5th c.BC+] __B Degrees of comparative: comparative καλλίων, ον, [Refs 8th c.BC+]: superlative κάλλιστος, η, ον, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; late καλλιώτερος or -ότερος, [Refs 5th c.BC+] __C adverb:—Poets frequently use neuter καλόν as adverb, κ. ἀείδειν [Refs 8th c.BC+]; later τὸ κ. [Refs 3rd c.BC+] __C.II regular adverb καλῶς (Doric dialect καλώς [Refs 5th c.BC+], well, rightly, οὐδ᾽ ἔτι κ. οἶκος ἐμὸς διόλωλε [Refs 8th c.BC+]; κ. ζῆν, τεθνηκέναι, etc., [Refs 5th c.BC+]; κ. φρονεῖν to be in one's right mind, [Refs]; κ. ἀγωνιεῖσθαι fairly, on the merits of the case, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; Χρήματα δατῆθθαι κ. [Refs 5th c.BC+] __C.II.2 of good fortune, well, happily, κ. πράσσειν, ={εὖ π}., [Refs 5th c.BC+]; κ. ἔχειν to be well, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; κ. ἔχει with infinitive, 'tis well to.., [Refs 5th c.BC+] to be well off in respect to a thing, [Refs 5th c.BC+] __C.II.3 καλῶς, ={πάνυ}, thoroughly, altogether, τὸν κ. εὐδαίμονα [Refs 5th c.BC+]: comparative, κάλλιον εἰδέναι [Refs 5th c.BC+]; κάλλιον ἐοικέναι to be just like, [Refs 5th c.BC+] __C.II.4 κ. ἀκούειν to be well spoken of, [Refs 4th c.BC+] __C.II.5 κ. ποιῶν rightly, deservedly, κ. ποιῶν ἀπόλλυται [Refs 5th c.BC+]; in requests, κ. ποιήσεις πριάμενος, etc., [Refs 3rd c.BC+], etc.; also with infinitive, κ. π. γράψαι [Refs 1st c.BC+] __C.II.6 in answers, to approve the words of the former speaker, well said! [Refs 5th c.BC+]; also, to decline an offer courteously, no, thank you! [Refs 5th c.BC+]; πάνυ κ. [Refs 5th c.BC+] __C.II.7 ironically, finely, καλῶς ἐρήμης γ᾽ ἂν σὺ γῆς ἄρχοις μόνος [Refs 5th c.BC+] __C.II.8 κ. ὁ ἱερεύς hurrah for the priest! [Refs 2nd c.AD+] __C.II.9 repeated with the adjective, καλὴ καλῶς [Refs 5th c.BC+] __C.II.10 comparative καλλιόνως [Refs 5th c.BC+]: superlative καλλίστως [Refs 5th c.BC+] __D for compounds, see at {καλλι-, καλο-}. __E Quantity: ᾱ in Epic dialect and early [Refs 8th c.BC+]: ᾰ in Lyric poetry (except κᾱλῶς [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰ μὴ κᾰλὰ κᾱλὰ πέφανται [Refs 3rd c.BC+].--In comparative, ῐ in [Refs 8th c.BC+]