G2722: κατέχω (katéchō)

G2722 κατέχω (katéchō)

Greek 📖 Word Study

Quick Definition

κατέχω v. I hold fast, bind, restrain

Strong's Definition

from 2596 and 2192; to hold down (fast), in various applications (literally or figuratively)

KJV Usage: have, hold (fast), keep (in memory), let, X make toward, possess, retain, seize on, stay, take, withhold

UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament

κατέχω (G2722)

verb | aor.subj. κατάσχω | ἔχω

13.150 · Be, Become, Exist, Happen · Happen

to prevent, to hinder, to restrain, to keep from to prevent someone from doing something by restraining or hindering

ROM 1:18 · 2TH 2:6 · 2TH 2:7 · PHM 1:13

31.48 · Hold a View, Believe, Trust · Believe To Be True

to continue to believe and practice, to continue to follow to continue to believe, with the implication of acting in accordance with such belief

LUK 8:15 · 1CO 11:2 · 1CO 15:2 · 1TH 5:21 · HEB 10:23

57.1 · Possess, Transfer, Exchange · Have, Possess, Property, Owner

to have, to own, to possess, to belong to to have or possess objects or property (in the technical sense of having control over the use of such objects)

1CO 7:30 · 2CO 6:10 · HEB 3:6 · HEB 3:14

37.17 · Control, Rule · Control, Restrain

to control, to restrain to exercise continuous control over someone or something There is usually no difficulty in speaking of ‘control’ if it is performed by a person as in 1PE 2:13. However, it may not be possible to speak of ‘death’ having control, unless the language in question can personify death. In some instances ACT 2:24 (see 37.16) must be rendered as ‘it was impossible for him to continue to be dead,’ and in 2CO 5:14 ‘Christ’s love controls us’ may be rendered as ‘the fact that Christ loves us causes us to act as we do.’

LUK 4:42 · ROM 7:6

85.9 · Existence in Space · Be in a Place

to come to be in a place, to occupy to come to occupy a particular place

LUK 14:9

54.22 · Maritime Activities

Collocation: κατέχω εἰς

to steer, to head for (a nautical idiom, literally: to control toward) to control the movement of a ship to a particular point

ACT 27:40

¹ Ownership usually entails to a greater or lesser degree the social sanctions of the right by the owner to use the object in question and the obligation by non-owners to recognize that right and to desist from such usage. ² This meaning of have/possess contrasts with hold, grasp (Domain 18), the whole/part relation (Domain 63), to be in a relationship to (Domain 89), to be in a state or condition (Domain 13), and to have authority, power, or control over persons or objects, either sociologically or physically (Domain 37).

UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament © United Bible Societies, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0.

Thayer's Greek Lexicon

κατέχω; impf. κατεῖχον; 2 aor. subjunc. κατάσχω; impf. pass. κατειχόμην ; 1. to hold back, detain, retain; a. τινά, from going away, foll. by τοῦ μή w. inf., Lk. iv. 42 [B. § 140, 16 8.; οἵ. W. 604 (561)]; τινὰ πρὸς ἐμαυτόν, Philem. 13. Pass. (as often in Grk. writ. fr. Hom. down; ef. Passow 8. v. p. 1677*; [L. and 5. 5. ν. II. 67), of some troublesome condition or circumstance by which one is held as it were bound: νοσήματι, Jn. v. 4[GT Tr WHom. the passage]; ἔν τινι, Ro. vii. 6. b. to restrain, hinder (the course or progress of): τ. ἀλήθειαν ἐν ἀδικίᾳ, Ro. i. 18; absol. τὸ κατέχον, that which hinders, se. Antichrist from making his appearance (see avrixpiotos); the power of the Roman empire is meant; 6 κατέχων he that hinders, checks, sc. the advent of Antichrist, denotes the one in whom that power is lodged, the Roman emperor: 2 Th. ii. 6 sq. (cf., besides De Wette and Liinemann ad loe., [Bp. Lghtft. in B.D. s. v. Thess. Second Ep. to the], esp. Schneckenburger in the Jahrbiicher f. deutsche Theol. for 1859 p. 421 sq.). κατέχω (se. τὴν ναῦν) εἰς τὴν αἰγιαλόν, to check the ship’s head: way [better (cf. the preceding context) to hold or head the ship, cf. Hdt. 7,59. 188 ete.; Bos, Ellips. (ed. Schaefer) p- 318; see, too, Od. 11, 455 sq. (ef. Eustath. 1629, 18; Thom. Mag. ed. Ritschl p. 310, 7 sqq.); but Passow (as below) et al. take the verb as intrans. in such a connection, viz. to make for; cf. Kypke, Observy. ii. 144] in order to land, Acts xxvii. 40 (Xen. Hell. 2, 1, 29 xaraσχὼν ἐπὶ τὴν ᾿Αβερνίδα; many other exx. are given in Passow 8. v. II. 3; [L. and S. s. v. B. 27). c. to hold fast, keep secure, keep firm possession of: with ace. of the thing, τὸν λόγον, Lk. viii. 15; foll. by the orat. obliq., 1 Co. xv. 2 [Β. 88 139, 58; 150,20; W. 561 (522)]; τὰς mapaδόσεις, 1 Co. xi. 2; τὸ καλόν, 1 Th. v. 21 ; τὴν παρρησίαν [τ᾿ ἀρχήν ete.] μέχρι τέλους BeBaiav κατασχεῖν, Heb. iii. 6, 14; τὴν ὁμολογίαν τῆς ἐλπίδος ἀκλινῆ, Ieb. x. 23. 2. equiv. to Lat. obtinere, i. 6. a. lo get possession of, take: Mt. xxi. 38 RG; Lk. xiv. 9. b. to possess: 1 Co. vii. 30; 2 Co. vi. 10.

Mounce Concise Greek Dictionary

κατέχω katechō 17x

(1) transitive, to hold down; to detain, retain, Lk. 4:42; Rom. 1:18; Phlm. 13; to hinder, restrain, 2 Thess. 2:6, 7; to hold downright, hold in a firm grasp, to have in full and secure possession, 1 Cor. 7:30; 2 Cor. 6:10; to come into full possession of, seize upon; to keep, retain, 1 Thess. 5:21; to occupy, Lk. 14:9; met. to hold fast mentally, retain, Lk. 8:15; 1 Cor. 11:2; 15:2; to maintain, Heb. 3:6, 14; 10:23; (2) intransitive, a nautical term, to land, touch, Acts 27:40; pass. to be in the grasp of, to be bound by, Rom. 7:6*

Abbott-Smith Greek Lexicon

κατ-έχω,

[in LXX for אחז, חזק hi., etc.;]

perfective of ἔχω (M, Pr., 116; M, Th., 155), to possess, hold fast: Lk 8:15, Jo 5:[4], Ro 1:18 (Lft., Notes, 251), I Co 7:30 11:2, II Co 6:10, I Th 5:21, He 3:6, 14 10:23;

to lay hold of, get possession of: Lk 14:9.

to hold back, detain, restrain (M, Th., 156 f.): c. acc. seq. τοῦ μή c. inf., Lk 4:42; seq. πρός, c. acc., Phm 13; absol., τὸ κατέχον (ὁ κ.), II Th 2:6, 7.

Intrans., as nautical term, to put in, make for (LS, s.v.): Ac 27:40.†

Moulton & Milligan — Vocabulary of the Greek NT

κατέχω royal ordinance—s.c. 118) κρατεῖν ὧν κατεσχήκασι κλή(ρων), ‘shall have the legal ownership of the lands which they have possessed ” (Edd.), P Oxy II. 237 Vili 22 (a.p, 186) διαζητοῦντί μοι μαθεῖν ἐκ τίνος ὑποθέσεως ἐτελεῖτο τὰς Αἰγυπτιακὰς γυναῖκας κατὰ ἐνχώριον νόμιμα (/ νόμισμα) κατέχειν τὰ ὑπάρχοντα τῶν ἀνδρῶν διὰ τῶν γαμικῶν συνγραφῶν κτλ., ‘when I wished to know on what pretext it came about that Egyptian wives have by native Egyptian law a claim upon their husbands’ property through their marriage contracts” etc. (Edd.). Cf. also P Oxy IV. γ7γ1315 (A.D. 97) where the parents κατέσχον τῇ ἐξ ἀλλήλων γενεᾷ τὰ ἑαυτῶν πάντα, ‘settled upon their joint issue the whole of their property” (Edd.). (2) From this it is an easy transition to the meaning ‘‘ lay hold of,” ‘* take possession of,’ as in Lk 14%: see e.g. P Amh II. 3076 (ii/B.c.) where in an official report regarding the ownership of a house, proofs were adduced to establish that a certain Marres κατεσχηκέναι τὴν οἰκίαν, “had become owner of the house,” P Oxy 1. 118 verso (late iii/A.D.) ἐπέμψαμέν σοι ἐπίσταλμα ἵνα «νον [κα]τάσχῃς ἃ δεῖ, ““ννε accordingly send youthis message, in order that you may procure what is necessary ” (Edd.), and for the subst. κατοχή = donorum possessio, BGU I. 140° (time of Hadrian) ὅμως κατ[οἸχὴ[ν] ὑ[πα]ρχόντων ἐξ ἐκείνου τοῦ μέϊρ]ους τοῦ διατάγματος. In the same way the κάτοχοι of the Serapeum are often regarded as those “possessed” by the spirit of the god, see especially Preuschen Monchtum und Serapiskult® (Giessen, 1903), and cf. in support of this view Prieze το 559 (c. B.C. 200) ἀπὸ δὲ τῶν τραπεζῶν ὧν dy δῆμ[ος κοσμῆι, δεδόσθω τ]οῖς κατεχομένοις ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ (cited by Wilcken Archiv iv. p. 207). If, on the other hand, they are to be thought of as a species of monks living for the time being ἐν κατοχῇ within the templeprecincts (cf. P Lond 42” (B.c. 168) (=I. p. 31, Selections, p. 11) ὑπὲρ τοῦ ἀπολελύσθαι σε ἐκ τῆς κατοχῆς), this prepares us for a further modification in the meaning of κατέχω viz. ‘‘arrest,” ‘‘seize.’’ (3) Of this meaning (cf. Gen 397°) a good ex. is afforded by P Flor I. 6159 (a.p. 85) (= Chrest. II. p. δ) ἄξιος plélvy Fs μαστιγωθῆναι, διὰ σεαυτοῦ [κ]ατασχὼν ἄνθρωπον εὐσχήμονα καὶ γυν[αἴ]καν. Similarly in BGU IL. 372: 36 (Α.Ὁ. 154) we read of a man κατεχόμενον “arrested,” as a tramp, and in the fragmentary P Lond 422 (c. A.D. 350) (=II. p. 318) of directions to arrest another and ‘‘ put him in irons” (σιδηρῶσαι αὐτόν) for selling stolen camels: it is added that his wife is already arrested —* κατέχεται ἡ γυνή. Cf. the use of the subst. in P Amh II. 80° (A.D. 232-3) ἵν[α] ... [ἐϊγλύσωσίν pe [τῆς κα]τοχῆς. The verb is common in this connexion in respect of arrest for non-payment of debts, as in the late P Amh II. 144* (v/A.p.) where a man writes to his wife that a creditor finding him at Alexandria—katéoyev pe kal οὐδὲν εὗρον δοῦναι αὐτῷ, and suggests that she might raise money to help him by a mortgage on a young slave. For the closely related meaning ““seize”’ cf. the important rescript regarding the Third Syrian War, in which Ptolemy III. relates how certain ships sailed along the coast of Cilicia to Soli, and took on board τὰ é[Ket?]oe κατασκεθέντ[α χρή]ματα, “the money that had been seized there” (P Petr II. 454-4, cf. III. p. 335f.), and P Oxy XII. 148318 (ii/iii A.D.) ἐὰν μὴ διὰ τάχους wav τελῇς . τὸν ἐγγυητήν σον κατέχω, ‘unless you pay all quickly, I shall seize your security” (Edd.). Hence too the metaphorical usage that appears in such passages as P Amh II.

Liddell-Scott-Jones — Greek-English Lexicon

κατέχω (katechō) — to hold back/fast. κατέχω, future καθέξω (of duration) [Refs 8th c.BC+]aorist κατέσχον, poetry __A κατέσχεθον [Refs 8th c.BC+]; Epic dialect 3rd.pers. singular κάσχεθε [Refs 8th c.BC+], Aeolic dialect κατέσκ [εθε] [Refs 7th c.BC+]; late aorist κατέσχα [Refs 4th c.AD+] __A.I transitive, hold fast, καλύπτρην χείρεσσι [Refs 8th c.BC+] __A.I.b hold back, withhold, εἴ με βίῃ ἀέκοντα καθέξει [Refs 8th c.BC+]: check, restrain, bridle, ἑωυτόν [Refs 5th c.BC+]; [γυναῖκε] [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὀργήν, θυμόν, ὕβριν, etc., [Refs 5th c.BC+]; κ. τὴν ἀγωγήν put it off, [Refs]; κ. τὸ πλῆθος ἐλευθέρως, ἰσχύϊ, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; οὖρον hold in, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἑαυτὸν κατέχει μὴ ἐπιπηδᾶν restrains himself from.., [Refs 5th c.BC+]:—passive, to be held down, γλῶσσα κατείχετο [Refs 5th c.BC+]; to be bound, ὁρκίοισι μεγάλοισι [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τοῖς τινων ὀφειλήμασιν [Refs 3rd c.AD+]; of a nation, to be kept under (by tyrants), [Refs 5th c.BC+] __A.I.c detain, κ. [αὐτοὺς] ἐνιαυτόν [Refs 5th c.BC+]:—passive, to be detained, stay, [Refs 5th c.BC+] __A.I.d in imprecations, inhibit (compare καταδέω[Refs 4th c.BC+] __A.I.e place under arrest, [Refs 1st c.AD+] __A.I.f keep an oath, ὅρκον [Refs 3rd c.BC+] __A.I.2 c.genitive, gain possession of, be master of, τῶν ἐπιστημῶν μὴ πάνυ κ. [Refs 4th c.BC+]; control, τινων [LXX]; ἑαυτῶν Erot.see entry προπετή; μηκέτι κατέχων ἑαυτοῦ [Refs 2nd c.AD+]; cling to, τῶν κεράτων τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου [LXX] __A.II possess, occupy, especiallyof rulers, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; σῴζειν ἅπερ ἃν ἅπαξ κατάσχωσι whatever they have got, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; especially of property. enjoy possession of, [Refs 2nd c.BC+], etc. (but also, sequestrate, [Refs 3rd c.BC+]; ὡς μηδὲν ἔχοντες καὶ πάντα κατέχοντες [NT] __A.II.b dwell in, occupy, Ὀλύμπου αἴγλαν [Refs 5th c.BC+]; especially of tutelary gods, Παρνασίαν ὃς κ. πέτραν, of Dionysus, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; of a place, μέσον ὀμφαλὸν γᾶς Φοίβου κ. δόμος [Refs 5th c.BC+]; of the dead. θήκας Ἰλιάδος γᾶς.. κατέχουσι occupy, [Refs 5th c.BC+] __A.II.2 of sound, fill, οἱ δ᾽ ἀλαλητῷ πᾶν πεδίον κατέχουσι [Refs 8th c.BC+]; κ. στρατόπεδον δυσφημίαις fill it with his grievous cries, [Refs 5th c.BC+]:—passive, οἶκος κλαυθμῷ κατείχετο [Refs 5th c.BC+] __A.II.3 πανδάκρυτον βιοτὰν κ. continue to live a life.., [Refs 5th c.BC+] __A.II.4 to be spread over, cover, νὺξ.. δνοφερὴ κάτεχ᾽ οὐρανόν [Refs 8th c.BC+]; τίνες αὖ πόντον κατέχουσ᾽ αὖρα; [Refs 5th c.BC+]:—passive, σελήνη.. κατείχετο.. νεφέεσσιν [Refs 8th c.BC+]:—middle, Epic dialect aorist, κατέσχετο χερσὶ πρόσωπα [Refs 8th c.BC+]; κατασχομένη ἑανῷ having covered her face, [Refs 8th c.BC+] __A.II.5 of the grave, confine, cover, τοὺς δ᾽ ἤδη κάτεχεν φυσίζοος αἶα [Refs 8th c.BC+]; as a threat, πάρος τινὰ γαῖα καθέξει sooner shall earth cover many a one, [Refs 8th c.BC+] __A.II.6 of circumstances, etc., hold fast, have one in their power, μιν κατὰ γῆρας ἔχει χεῖράς τε πόδας τε [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὃν θάνατος δακρυόεις καθέχει (sic) [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τύχη, πόλεμος κ. τινά, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; κ. κίνδυνος Σικελίαν[Refs 2nd c.AD+]:—passive, ὑπὸ μεγάλης ἀνάγκης κατεχόμενοι [Refs 5th c.BC+]: rarely in good sense, ὁ δ᾽ ὄλβιος, ὃν φᾶμαι κατέχοντ᾽ ἀγαθαί [Refs 5th c.BC+] __A.II.6.b of circumstances, etc., prevail, prevail among, engage, ἄλλα τῶν κατεχόντων πρηγμάτων χαλεπώτερα [Refs 5th c.BC+]; μεγάλοι θόρυβοι κατέχουσ᾽ ἡμᾶς murmurs are rife among us, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; φήμης ἀθρόας -σχούσης τὸ Ἑλληνικόν a sudden rumour having overspread Greece, [Refs 2nd c.AD+] __A.II.7 seize, occupy, in right of conquest, τὸ Καδμείων πέδον uncertain in [Refs 5th c.BC+]; especially in historical writers, -σχήσειν [τὴν ἀκρόπολιν] [Refs 5th c.BC+] __A.II.8 achieve, effect an object, [Refs 5th c.BC+] __A.II.9 master, understand, οὐ κατέχω τί βούλει φράζειν [Refs 5th c.BC+]; κ. νοῦν στίχων grasp the sense of.., [Refs] __A.II.9.b keep in mind, remember, χρήσιμον καὶ τοῦτο κατασχεῖν τὸ στοιχεῖον [Refs 4th c.BC+]; κ. τινὰ ὀψοφάγον Chrysipp.Tyan. cited in [Refs 2nd c.AD+]; κ. ὅτι, διότι, [Refs 3rd c.BC+]:—passive, [Refs 4th c.BC+] __A.II.10 possess, of a god, εἰ θεός ἐστιν ὁ σὰς κατέχων φρένας [Refs]; τοιοῦτος ἔρως κατεῖχε τὴν ἄνθρωπον she was so infatuated, [Refs 1st c.AD+]; of an actor, κ. τὸ θέατρον held the audience spellbound, [Refs 1st c.AD+] (but, kept the audience waiting, Phoc.[Refs]; of poets, μύθοις [τοὺς ἀκούοντας] κ. [Refs 2nd c.AD+]:—mostly in passive, of persons, to be possessed, inspired, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐξ Ὁμήρου[Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸ θέατρον κατείχετο the audience was spellbound, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; of hydrophobia patients, [Refs 3rd c.AD+]; of a lover, τῷ αὐτῷ θεῷ (i.e. Ἔρωτι) κατέσχημαι [Refs 2nd c.AD+]:—also in aorist middle, [Refs 5th c.BC+] __A.III follow close upon, press hard, [Refs 5th c.BC+] —passive [Refs] __A.IV bring a ship to land, [Refs 5th c.BC+] __B intransitive, __B.1 (i.e. ἑαυτόν) control oneself, [Refs 5th c.BC+]: with infinitive, κ. τὸ μὴ δακρύειν [Refs 5th c.BC+] __B.1.b stop, cease, of the wind, [Refs 5th c.BC+] __B.2 come from the high sea to shore, put in (see. supr. IV), νηΐ Θορικόνδε [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τίνες ποτ᾽ ἐς γῆν τήνδε.. κατέσχετ; [Refs 5th c.BC+]; of a journey by land, rest, προξένων δ᾽ ἔν του κατέσχε; [Refs 2nd c.BC+] shall come safe to land, [Refs 5th c.BC+] __B.3 prevail, ὁ λόγος κ. the report prevails, [Refs 5th c.BC+] __B.4 gain the upper hand, παρά τινι [Refs 6th c.BC+]; gain one's purpose, [Refs 5th c.BC+] __C middle, keep back for oneself, embezzle, [τὰ χρήματα] [Refs 5th c.BC+] __C.2 cover oneself, see above [Refs 4th c.BC+] __C.3 hold, contain, [Refs 2nd c.BC+] __C.II aorist middle, ={κατέχω} [Refs 8th c.BC+] __C.II.2 in passive sense, τεαῖς ῥιπαῖσι κατασχόμενος subdued, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; καρδίαν κατέσχετο ἔρωτι was seized with, possessed by, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; see above[Refs 4th c.BC+]