Quick Definition
πενθέω v. I mourn, lament
Strong's Definition
from 3997; to grieve (the feeling or the act)
KJV Usage: mourn, (be-)wail
UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament
verb | πένθος
25.142 · Attitudes and Emotions · Laugh, Cry, Groan
to be sad, to grieve for, to weep for, sorrow, grief to experience sadness or grief as the result of depressing circumstances or the condition of persons The reference in MAT 5:4 is not to grieving or mourning for the dead but rather sadness and grief because of wickedness and oppression.
MAT 5:4 · MAT 9:15 · MRK 16:10 · LUK 6:25 · 1CO 5:2 · 2CO 12:21 · JAS 4:9 · REV 18:11 · REV 18:15 · REV 18:19
UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament © United Bible Societies, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0.
Thayer's Greek Lexicon
πενθέω, -@ ; fut. revnow; 1 aor. ἐπένθησα; (πένθος) ; fr. Hom. down; Sept. chiefly for 738; to mourn; a. intrans.: Mt. v. 4 (5); ix. 15; 1 Co. v.23 πενθεῖν x. κλαίειν, Mk. xvi. 10; Lk. vi. 25; Jas. iv.9; Rev. xviii. 15,19; ἐπί τινι, over one, Rey. xviii. 11 R GL (Is. Ixvi. 10), ἐπί τινα, ibid. T Tr WH (2 5. xiii. 37; 2 Chr. xxxv. 24, etc.). b. trans. 0 mourn for, lament, one: 2 Co. xii. 21 [ef. W. 635 sq. (590); B. §131,4. Syn. see θρηνέω, fin.|
Mounce Concise Greek Dictionary
πενθέω pentheō 10x
trans. to lament over, 2 Cor. 12:21; absol. to lament, be sad, mourn, Mt. 5:4; 9:15; Mk. 16:10; mid. to bewail one’s self, to feel guilt, 1 Cor. 5:2
Abbott-Smith Greek Lexicon
πενθέω, -ῶ,
[in LXX chiefly for אבל;]
to mourn (for), lament; intrans. : Mt 5:4 (5) 9:15, I Co 5:2; π. καὶ κλαίειν, Mt 16:10, Lk 6:25, Ja 4:9, Re 18:15, 19; seq. ἐπί, c. acc., Re 18:11;
trans., c. acc., II Co 12:21.†
SYN.: v.s. θρηνέω.
Moulton & Milligan — Vocabulary of the Greek NT
πενθέω, “‘mourn.”” The conjunction o. πενθέω and κλαίω, as in [Mk] 1610 a/., is found in a very illiterate letter addressed by a man to his wife, P Oxy III. 528° (ii/A.D.) ywookew σε θέλω ad’ ds ἐ(κ)ξῆλθες ἀπ᾽ ἐμοῦ πένθος ἡγούμην νυκτὸς Kr€(=al)wv, ἡμέρας δὲ πενθῷζν, “I wish you to know that ever since you left me I have been in mourning, weeping by night and mourning by day.” See also P Par 224 (p.c. 163) (= UPZ i. p. 193) ἐπιγενηθέντος δὲ τοῦ πένθους τοῦ "Amos κατάγουσιν ἡμᾶς πενθεῖν τῶι θεῶι. In Sy/Z 879 (Ξ-Ξ 3 1219)} (iii/B.c.) it is laid down τὰς Bos οὔσας ἔχειν φαιὰν ἐσθῆτα μὴ κατερρυπωμένην, ‘* that mourning women should wear dark raiment, not ἃ." Jos, mourning” (Jas 4%, a/.): cf. P Tebt IT. 332" (a.D. 176) ous ἀνδρὸς θυγατρός μου ἕνεκα, ‘on account of my rning for my daughter’s husband,” and from the inscrr. S 56°3 (B.C. 238) τὰ mpds . . . THY τοῦ πένθους ἀπόλυ(with the editor’s note), and Sy 324 (- ὃ 730)": C.) χαλεπῶς μὲ]ν ἤνενκεν τὸ πένθος αὐτοῦ διὰ τὴν στότητα.
Liddell-Scott-Jones — Greek-English Lexicon
πενθέω (pentheō) — to mourn. πενθ-έω, Epic dialect 3rd.pers. dual πενθείετον [Refs 8th c.BC+]; Epic dialect infinitive πενθήμεναι [Refs 8th c.BC+]: future -ήσω[Refs 4th c.BC+]: aorist ἐπένθησα [Refs 4th c.BC+]: perfect πεπένθηκα [Refs 4th c.BC+]: (πένθος):— bewail, lament, especially for persons, νέκυν πενθῆσαι [Refs 8th c.BC+]: absolutely, mourn, go into mourning, [Refs 5th c.BC+]:—passive, to be mourned for, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
2. of things, π. κακά [Refs 5th c.BC+]