σπένδω: pres. pass. σπένδομαι; (cf. Germ. spenden [perh. of the ‘ tossing away ’ of a liquid, Curtius § 296; but cf. Vaniéek p. 1245 sq.]); fr. Hom. down; Sept. for 22; ἰο pour out as a drink-offering, make a libation; in the N. T. σπένδεσθαι, to be offered as a libation, is figuratively used of one whose blood is poured out in a violent death for the cause of God: Phil. ii. 17 (see θυσία, Ὁ. fin.) ; 2 Tim. iv. 6.

σπένδω spendō 2x

to pour out a libation or drink-offering; in NT mid. to make a libation of one’s self by expending energy and life in the service of the Gospel, Phil. 2:17; pass. to be in the act of being sacrificed in the cause of the Gospel, 2 Tim. 4:6*

σπένδω

[in LXX chiefly for נסך hi. ;]

to pour out as a drink-offering, make a libation; pass., fig., σπένδομαι, I am poured out or offered as a libation (in the shedding of my life-blood): Phl 2:17 (v. Lft., in l.), II Ti 4:6 (for exx. from π., v. Milligan, Selections, 114 f.; MM, xxiii).†

σπένδω, “pour out an offering of wine,” ‘make a libation” toa god: cf. P Hal I. 1715 (mid. iii/s.c.) κ[αθ᾽ ἱερῶν σπέν[δων, P Par 225 (B.c. 165) (= UPZ i. p. 192) where the Twins in the Serapeum are described as τῶι ᾿Οσοράπει (cf. Archiv iil. p. 250) χοὰς σπενδουσῶν ὑπέρ τε ὑμῶν καὶ τῶν ὑμετέρων τέκνων, P Tebt 11. 6005 (ili/A.D.) οἴνου σπενδο[μέϊνου ἐν τῷ [ἱερῷ, and Syi/ 653 (= 3γ736)3 (B.c. 92) ἱεροὺς... αἷμα καὶ οἶνον σπένδοντας. The verb is similarly used in the. /e//7, or certificates of pagan worship, by which those who “ poured out libations” to the gods obtained immunity: cf. BGU I. 28711 (A.D. 250) (= Selections, p. 116) ἔθυσα [κα]ὶ ἔσίπεισα)] [κ]αὶ τῶν ἱΓεἸρείων [ἐγευ]σάμην, and similarly P Oxy IV. 65871, χύ. XIT. 14647, P Ryl I. 125 (all of date a.p. 250). Curtius (St. Paul in Athens, Exp VII. iv. p. 447) has drawn attention to the fact that this, the simplest form of old Pagan worship, is the only one which Paul takes over and applies directly to himself: see Phil 217) 2 Tim 4° For the subst. σπονδή of a ‘“‘libation” to a deified Emperor, cf. BGU IV. 120012 (i/B.c.) εἰς tas] ὑπὲρ τοῦ θε[οὔ] καὶ κυρίου Αὐτοκράτορος Κα[ίσαρος καθηκούσας] θυσίας καὶ σπονδάς, and similarly P Oxy VIII. 1143" (temple account—c. a.p. 1). Σπονδεῖον, the cup from which the libation is poured, occurs in BGU II. 388 ii. 22 (ii/iii A.D.) φιάλη ἀργυρῆ Kal σπον[δ]εῖ[ο]ν καὶ θυμιατήριον, and 72. 590° (A.D. 177-8). It may be added that σπονδή came to be used of an additional impost, particularly on vine-land, levied nominally for a libation to Dionysus: cf. P Oxy VI. 9178 (ii/iii A.D.) σπίονδῆς) Διον(ύσου ?) (δραχμαὶ) ἢ (τετρώβολον) x (adkois) a, with the editors’ note. From this the transition was easy to any “‘additional payment” or “gratification,” Gy Ἢ Oxy IV. 73018 (Α.Ὁ. 130) σπονδῆς τῶν ὅλων παιδαρίοις δραχμὰς τέσσαρας, ““ 4 drachmae for the slaves fora libation on account of all the land” (Edd.), #6. I. 10129 (A.D. 142), and 76. IX. 12072 (a.p. 175-6 ἢ). In P Lond 9481? (A.D. 236) (=TIII. p. 220) a ship-master receives in addition to his pay a jar of wine ὑπὲρ σπονδῆς, asa pourboire: cf. P Oxy II. 610 (ii/A.D.) τὴν δὲ σπονδὴ(ν) χάρισαι. and the similar use of the diminutive in 26. 525° (early ii/A.D.) ἐὰν δέῃ τῷ ἀδελφῶι τῆς μητρὸς] τῶν υἱῶν ᾿Αχιλλᾶ δοθῆναι σποίν]δάριον καλῶς ποιήσεις δοὺς λῳ[το]ῦ, ‘if a gratuity must be given to the brother of the mother of Achillas’ sons, please get some lotus (Ὁ) ” (Edd.). A figurative usage of the verb appears in the sepulchral inscr. Prevsigke 4313! (i/ii A.D.) ἄφθονον ἐνθάδε δάκρυ σπείσας ἐκ βλεφάρων κλαῖε...

σπένδω (spendō) — to pour a libation. σπένδω, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; Epic dialect subjunctive 2nd pers. singular σπένδῃσθα [Refs 8th c.BC+]: Ionic dialect imperfect σπένδεσκον [Refs 8th c.BC+]: future σπείσω [LXX+5th c.BC+]: aorist ἔσπεισα [Refs 8th c.BC+]; Epic dialect σπεῖσα [Refs 8th c.BC+]; Epic dialect subjunctive σπείσομεν, for -ωμεν, [Refs]: perfect ἔσπεικα [Refs 1st c.AD+]:—middle, aorist ἐσπεισάμην [Refs 5th c.BC+]:—passive, aorist ἐσπείσθην [Refs 1st c.AD+]perfect ἔσπεισμαι, see below [Refs] near the end:—make a drink-offering (because before drinking wine a portion was poured on the table, hearth, or altar), σπεῖσάν τ᾽ ἔπιόν θ᾽ ὅσον ἤθελε θυμός [Refs 8th c.BC+]: with dative of the god to whom the libation was made, σέπας ἑλὼν σπείσασκε θεοῖσιν [Refs 8th c.BC+]; τὴν (i.e. κύλικα) δὲ θεοῖς σπένδεις [Refs 6th c.BC+]; κρητῆρας σπενδέτω probably let him dedicate them by pouring an offering from them, [Refs 5th c.BC+] —the liquid poured is mostly in _accusative_, σ. οἶνον pour wine, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; σπονδάς, χοάς, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; elliptically, σ. ἀγαθοῦ δαίμονος (i.e. σπονδήν) [Refs 5th c.BC+]; σ. οἴνου (partitive genitive) [Refs 2nd c.AD+] rarely with dative _of things_, ὕδατι σ. make a drink-offering with water, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; Ὀλυμπίῳ σ. ἀοιδαῖς make libations with songs to Zeus, [Refs 8th c.BC+]:—passive, οὗτος θεοῖσι σπένδεται θεὸς γεγώς [Refs 5th c.BC+] I am offered (as a drink-offering) upon it, [NT]

2. rarely without the religious sense, simply pour, τράγου οὖρον, as remedy for convulsions, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ξίφος αἷμα τυράννων ἔσπ. [Refs]

II. middle, pour libations one with another, and, as this was the custom in making treaties or agreements, make a treaty, make peace, [Refs 5th c.BC+] — Constr., σπένδεσθαί τινι make peace with one, [Refs 5th c.BC+] give it pledges of safe conduct, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; so σ. τινί obtain a truce for one, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; σ. πρός τινας, for τισι, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; of a person, σπείσασθαι cum Bruto et Cassio, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; σ. ἐπὶ τοῖσδε on these terms, [Refs 5th c.BC+]: with infinitive alone, [Refs] having concluded a peace with them, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; νεῖκος ἐσπεῖσθαι make up a quarrel, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; σ. ἀναίρεσιν τοῖς νεκροῖς obtain a truce for taking up the dead, [Refs 5th c.BC+] —perfect ἔσπεισμαι is used in middle sense in [Refs 5th c.BC+]; but in passive sense, ἐσπεῖσθαι τὰς σπονδάς [Refs 5th c.BC+]: aorist, ἐσπείσθησαν ἀνοχαί [Refs 5th c.BC+], emphasis is laid on the act of one of the parties, and in [Refs 1st c.AD+] (Cf. Hittite š (i) pand- 'pour a libation', Latin spondeo.)