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1 Kings 16:23

1 Kings 16:23 in Multiple Translations

In the thirty-first year of Asa’s reign over Judah, Omri became king of Israel, and he reigned twelve years, six of them in Tirzah.

¶ In the thirty and first year of Asa king of Judah began Omri to reign over Israel, twelve years: six years reigned he in Tirzah.

In the thirty and first year of Asa king of Judah began Omri to reign over Israel, and reigned twelve years: six years reigned he in Tirzah.

In the thirty-first year of Asa, king of Judah, Omri became king over Israel, and he was king for twelve years; for six years he was ruling in Tirzah.

Omri became king of Israel in the thirty-first year of the reign of King Asa of Judah. He reigned for a total of twelve years (six of them were in Tirzah).

In the one and thirtie yeere of Asa King of Iudah bega Omri to reigne ouer Israel, and reigned twelue yeere. Sixe yeere reigned he in Tirzah.

In the thirty and first year of Asa king of Judah reigned hath Omri over Israel twelve years; in Tirzah he hath reigned six years,

In the thirty-first year of Asa king of Judah, Omri began to reign over Israel for twelve years. He reigned six years in Tirzah.

In the thirty and first year of Asa king of Judah began Omri to reign over Israel, twelve years: six years reigned he in Tirzah.

In the one and thirtieth year of Asa king of Juda, Amri reigned over Israel twelve years: in Thersa he reigned six years.

Omri became king when Asa had been king of Judah for almost 31 years. Omri ruled Israel for 12 years. For the first six years he ruled in Tirzah.

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Berean Amplified Bible — 1 Kings 16:23

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Word Study

Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.

Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.

1 Kings 16:23 Interlinear (Deep Study)

BIB
HEB בִּ/שְׁנַת֩ שְׁלֹשִׁ֨ים וְ/אַחַ֜ת שָׁנָ֗ה לְ/אָסָא֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֔ה מָלַ֤ךְ עָמְרִי֙ עַל יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל שְׁתֵּ֥ים עֶשְׂרֵ֖ה שָׁנָ֑ה בְּ/תִרְצָ֖ה מָלַ֥ךְ שֵׁשׁ שָׁנִֽים
בִּ/שְׁנַת֩ shâneh H8141 year Prep | N-fs
שְׁלֹשִׁ֨ים shᵉlôwshîym H7970 thirty Adj
וְ/אַחַ֜ת ʼechâd H259 one Conj | Adj
שָׁנָ֗ה shâneh H8141 year N-fs
לְ/אָסָא֙ ʼÂçâʼ H609 Asa Prep | N-proper
מֶ֣לֶךְ melek H4428 King's N-ms
יְהוּדָ֔ה Yᵉhûwdâh H3063 Judah N-proper
מָלַ֤ךְ mâlak H4427 to reign V-Qal-Perf-3ms
עָמְרִי֙ ʻOmrîy H6018 Omri N-proper
עַל ʻal H5921 upon Prep
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל Yisrâʼêl H3478 Israel N-proper
שְׁתֵּ֥ים shᵉnayim H8147 two Adj
עֶשְׂרֵ֖ה ʻâsâr H6240 ten Adj
שָׁנָ֑ה shâneh H8141 year N-fs
בְּ/תִרְצָ֖ה Tirtsâh H8656 Tirzah Prep | N-proper
מָלַ֥ךְ mâlak H4427 to reign V-Qal-Perf-3ms
שֵׁשׁ shêsh H8337 six Adj
שָׁנִֽים shâneh H8141 year N-fp
Hebrew Word Study

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Hebrew Word Reference — 1 Kings 16:23

בִּ/שְׁנַת֩ shâneh H8141 "year" Prep | N-fs
This word also means a year, like when Abraham was 100 years old in Genesis 21. It is used to describe a period of time, age, or a lifetime.
Definition: 1) year 1a) as division of time 1b) as measure of time 1c) as indication of age 1d) a lifetime (of years of life) Aramaic equivalent: she.nah (שְׁנָה "year" H8140)
Usage: Occurs in 647 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] whole age, [idiom] long, [phrase] old, year([idiom] -ly). See also: Genesis 1:14; Genesis 47:28; Numbers 7:35.
שְׁלֹשִׁ֨ים shᵉlôwshîym H7970 "thirty" Adj
Thirty is the meaning of this Hebrew word, which can also be used as an ordinal to describe something as thirtieth. It is used to count quantities in the Bible.
Definition: thirty, thirtieth Aramaic equivalent: te.la.tin (תְּלָתִין "thirty" H8533)
Usage: Occurs in 163 OT verses. KJV: thirty, thirtieth. Compare H7991 (שָׁלִישׁ). See also: Genesis 5:3; 1 Samuel 11:8; Jeremiah 38:10.
וְ/אַחַ֜ת ʼechâd H259 "one" Conj | Adj
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means one or united, and is used to describe something that is single or unique. It is often translated as one, first, or alone. For example, in Genesis 1:5, God calls the light day and the darkness night, and separates them into one thing from another.
Definition: 1) one (number) 1a) one (number) 1b) each, every 1c) a certain 1d) an (indefinite article) 1e) only, once, once for all 1f) one...another, the one...the other, one after another, one by one 1g) first 1h) eleven (in combination), eleventh (ordinal)
Usage: Occurs in 739 OT verses. KJV: a, alike, alone, altogether, and, any(-thing), apiece, a certain, (dai-) ly, each (one), [phrase] eleven, every, few, first, [phrase] highway, a man, once, one, only, other, some, together, See also: Genesis 1:5; Exodus 36:26; Numbers 7:70.
שָׁנָ֗ה shâneh H8141 "year" N-fs
This word also means a year, like when Abraham was 100 years old in Genesis 21. It is used to describe a period of time, age, or a lifetime.
Definition: 1) year 1a) as division of time 1b) as measure of time 1c) as indication of age 1d) a lifetime (of years of life) Aramaic equivalent: she.nah (שְׁנָה "year" H8140)
Usage: Occurs in 647 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] whole age, [idiom] long, [phrase] old, year([idiom] -ly). See also: Genesis 1:14; Genesis 47:28; Numbers 7:35.
לְ/אָסָא֙ ʼÂçâʼ H609 "Asa" Prep | N-proper
Asa was a king of Judah, son of Abijam, who ruled wisely and brought peace to the land, as recorded in 1 Kings 15:11-15 and 2 Chronicles 14-16.
Definition: A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Exile and Return, only mentioned at 1Ch.9.16; son of: Elkanah (H0511K); father of: Berechiah (H1296I) § Asa = "healer: injurious (?)" 1) king of Judah, son of Abijam, father of Jehoshaphat 2) a Levite
Usage: Occurs in 52 OT verses. KJV: Asa. See also: 1 Kings 15:8; 2 Chronicles 13:23; Jeremiah 41:9.
מֶ֣לֶךְ melek H4428 "King's" N-ms
This word refers to a king or royal person, like King David or King Saul. It can also describe something related to a king, like the King's Valley in Genesis. The Bible often uses this word to talk about the rulers of Israel.
Definition: King's (Valley) (Gen.14.17)
Usage: Occurs in 1919 OT verses. KJV: king, royal. See also: Genesis 14:1; Joshua 10:39; 1 Samuel 16:1.
יְהוּדָ֔ה Yᵉhûwdâh H3063 "Judah" N-proper
Judah is the name of the tribe descended from Judah, the son of Jacob. It is also the name of the region where the tribe lived. The name means 'praised' and is first mentioned in Genesis.
Definition: § Judah = "praised" the tribe descended from Judah the son of Jacob
Usage: Occurs in 754 OT verses. KJV: Judah. See also: Genesis 29:35; 1 Samuel 23:3; 2 Kings 14:13.
מָלַ֤ךְ mâlak H4427 "to reign" V-Qal-Perf-3ms
To advise or counsel is the meaning of this Hebrew word, which can also mean to reign or rule as a king. It is used in the Bible to describe the actions of leaders, like King Solomon, who sought wisdom to rule God's people. This word is found in the book of 1 Kings.
Definition: 1) to be or become king or queen, reign 1a) (Qal) to be or become king or queen, reign 1b) (Hiphil) to make one king or queen, cause to reign 1c) (Hophal) to be made king or queen
Usage: Occurs in 284 OT verses. KJV: consult, [idiom] indeed, be (make, set a, set up) king, be (make) queen, (begin to, make to) reign(-ing), rule, [idiom] surely. See also: Genesis 36:31; 2 Kings 8:15; 2 Chronicles 10:17.
עָמְרִי֙ ʻOmrîy H6018 "Omri" N-proper
Omri was a king of Israel who ruled for 12 years, succeeding Elah and preceding his son Ahab. His name means pupil of Jehovah. Omri is mentioned in 1 Chronicles 27:18.
Definition: A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.27.18; son of: Michael (H4317N) § Omri = "pupil of Jehovah" 1) king of the northern kingdom of Israel, successor to king Elah for whom he was the captain of the army; ruled for 12 years and succeeded by his infamous son Ahab 2) one of the sons of Becher the son of Benjamin 3) a descendant of Pharez the son of Judah 4) son of Michael and chief of the tribe of Issachar in the time of David
Usage: Occurs in 16 OT verses. KJV: Omri. See also: 1 Kings 16:16; 1 Kings 16:29; Micah 6:16.
עַל ʻal H5921 "upon" Prep
This Hebrew word means on or above something, like a physical object or a situation. It can also imply a sense of responsibility or accountability, as in being on behalf of someone.
Definition: prep 1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against 1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards 1b) above, beyond, over (of excess) 1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence) 1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition) 1e) over (of suspension or extension) 1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity) 1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion) 1h) to (as a dative)
Usage: Occurs in 4493 OT verses. KJV: above, according to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, [idiom] as, at, because of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, [idiom] both and, by (reason of), [idiom] had the charge of, concerning for, in (that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-) on, over, than, through(-out), to, touching, [idiom] with. See also: Genesis 1:2; Genesis 24:13; Genesis 41:33.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל Yisrâʼêl H3478 "Israel" N-proper
Israel is the symbolic name of Jacob, also referring to his descendants. Jacob, son of Isaac and Rebekah, had 12 sons who became the tribes of Israel, as told in Genesis 25:26. His story is crucial to the Bible's narrative.
Definition: A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.25.26; son of: Isaac (H3327) and Rebekah (H7259); brother of: Esau (H6215); married to Rachel (H7354), Leah (H3812), Zilpah (H2153) and Bilhah (H1090A); father of: Reuben (H7205), Simeon (H8095), Levi (H3878), Judah (H3063), Dan (H1835H), Naphtali (H5321), Gad (H1410), Asher (H0836), Issachar (H3485), Zebulun (H2074), Dinah (H1783), Joseph (H3130) and Benjamin (H1144); also called Jacob frequently § Israel = "God prevails" 1) the second name for Jacob given to him by God after his wrestling with the angel at Peniel 2) the name of the descendants and the nation of the descendants of Jacob 2a) the name of the nation until the death of Solomon and the split 2b) the name used and given to the northern kingdom consisting of the 10 tribes under Jeroboam; the southern kingdom was known as Judah 2c) the name of the nation after the return from exile
Usage: Occurs in 2231 OT verses. KJV: Israel. See also: Genesis 32:29; Exodus 13:18; Exodus 40:38.
שְׁתֵּ֥ים shᵉnayim H8147 "two" Adj
The Hebrew word for the number two appears in Genesis and Exodus, describing pairs and dualities. It can also mean double or twice. In the Bible, it is often used to describe things that come in twos, like two witnesses or two tablets.
Definition: 1) two 1a) two (the cardinal number) 1a1) two, both, double, twice 1b) second (the ordinal number) 1c) in combination with other numbers 1d) both (a dual number)
Usage: Occurs in 646 OT verses. KJV: both, couple, double, second, twain, [phrase] twelfth, [phrase] twelve, [phrase] twenty (sixscore) thousand, twice, two. See also: Genesis 1:16; Exodus 30:4; Numbers 13:23.
עֶשְׂרֵ֖ה ʻâsâr H6240 "ten" Adj
In Hebrew, this word means ten, and is used to form numbers like eleven or thirteen, as seen in Genesis 31:41. It is always used in combination with other numbers.
Definition: 1) ten, -teen (in combination with other numbers) 1a) used only in combination to make the numbers 11-19
Usage: Occurs in 292 OT verses. KJV: (eigh-, fif-, four-, nine-, seven-, six-, thir-) teen(-th), [phrase] eleven(-th), [phrase] sixscore thousand, [phrase] twelve(-th). See also: Genesis 5:8; Joshua 21:7; 1 Chronicles 25:27.
שָׁנָ֑ה shâneh H8141 "year" N-fs
This word also means a year, like when Abraham was 100 years old in Genesis 21. It is used to describe a period of time, age, or a lifetime.
Definition: 1) year 1a) as division of time 1b) as measure of time 1c) as indication of age 1d) a lifetime (of years of life) Aramaic equivalent: she.nah (שְׁנָה "year" H8140)
Usage: Occurs in 647 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] whole age, [idiom] long, [phrase] old, year([idiom] -ly). See also: Genesis 1:14; Genesis 47:28; Numbers 7:35.
בְּ/תִרְצָ֖ה Tirtsâh H8656 "Tirzah" Prep | N-proper
Tirzah was a city in ancient Palestine, one of the kingdoms conquered by Joshua and the Israelites, and later the capital of the northern kingdom of Israel.
Definition: § Tirzah = "favourable" one of the kingdoms on the west of the Jordan conquered by Joshua and the Israelites a Canaanite city, later capital of the northern kingdom of Israel
Usage: Occurs in 17 OT verses. KJV: Tirzah. See also: Numbers 26:33; 1 Kings 16:6; Song of Solomon 6:4.
מָלַ֥ךְ mâlak H4427 "to reign" V-Qal-Perf-3ms
To advise or counsel is the meaning of this Hebrew word, which can also mean to reign or rule as a king. It is used in the Bible to describe the actions of leaders, like King Solomon, who sought wisdom to rule God's people. This word is found in the book of 1 Kings.
Definition: 1) to be or become king or queen, reign 1a) (Qal) to be or become king or queen, reign 1b) (Hiphil) to make one king or queen, cause to reign 1c) (Hophal) to be made king or queen
Usage: Occurs in 284 OT verses. KJV: consult, [idiom] indeed, be (make, set a, set up) king, be (make) queen, (begin to, make to) reign(-ing), rule, [idiom] surely. See also: Genesis 36:31; 2 Kings 8:15; 2 Chronicles 10:17.
שֵׁשׁ shêsh H8337 "six" Adj
This Hebrew word means the number six, and is often used in the Bible to describe measurements, like the six days of creation in Genesis 1.
Definition: 1) six 1a) six (cardinal number) 1b) sixth (ordinal number) 1c) in combination with other numbers Aramaic equivalent: shet (שֵׁת "six" H8353)
Usage: Occurs in 202 OT verses. KJV: six(-teen, -teenth), sixth. See also: Genesis 7:6; 1 Kings 6:6; Proverbs 6:16.
שָׁנִֽים shâneh H8141 "year" N-fp
This word also means a year, like when Abraham was 100 years old in Genesis 21. It is used to describe a period of time, age, or a lifetime.
Definition: 1) year 1a) as division of time 1b) as measure of time 1c) as indication of age 1d) a lifetime (of years of life) Aramaic equivalent: she.nah (שְׁנָה "year" H8140)
Usage: Occurs in 647 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] whole age, [idiom] long, [phrase] old, year([idiom] -ly). See also: Genesis 1:14; Genesis 47:28; Numbers 7:35.

Study Notes — 1 Kings 16:23

Show Verse Quote Highlights

Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1 1 Kings 16:8 In the twenty-sixth year of Asa’s reign over Judah, Elah son of Baasha became king of Israel, and he reigned in Tirzah two years.
2 1 Kings 16:29 In the thirty-eighth year of Asa’s reign over Judah, Ahab son of Omri became king of Israel, and he reigned in Samaria twenty-two years.
3 2 Chronicles 22:2 Ahaziah was twenty-two years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem one year. His mother’s name was Athaliah, the granddaughter of Omri.
4 1 Kings 15:21 When Baasha learned of this, he stopped fortifying Ramah and withdrew to Tirzah.

1 Kings 16:23 Summary

In 1 Kings 16:23, we read about Omri becoming the king of Israel, reigning for twelve years, with six of those years in the city of Tirzah. This verse helps us understand the timeline of the kings of Israel and how their reigns impacted the nation. As we reflect on Omri's reign, we can learn about the importance of leadership and obedience to God, as seen in Deuteronomy 17:14-20. By studying the lives of the kings, including Omri, we can gain insight into how to live a life that honors God, as encouraged in Proverbs 3:5-6.

Frequently Asked Questions

Who was Omri and why is he mentioned in 1 Kings 16:23?

Omri was a king of Israel who reigned for twelve years, as stated in 1 Kings 16:23, and his reign is also mentioned in Micah 6:16, highlighting the evil deeds he did in the sight of the Lord.

What is the significance of the thirty-first year of Asa's reign over Judah in 1 Kings 16:23?

The thirty-first year of Asa's reign over Judah, mentioned in 1 Kings 16:23, provides a historical timeline and helps to establish the chronology of the kings of Israel and Judah, as seen in 1 Kings 15:24 and 2 Chronicles 15:19.

Why did Omri reign in Tirzah for six years before moving to Samaria?

According to 1 Kings 16:23-24, Omri initially reigned in Tirzah for six years before buying the hill of Samaria and establishing his new capital, which became a significant city in the kingdom of Israel, as mentioned in 1 Kings 21:1 and 2 Kings 13:6.

How does Omri's reign relate to the overall history of Israel in the Bible?

Omri's reign, as mentioned in 1 Kings 16:23, is part of the larger narrative of the kings of Israel, which is also discussed in books like 2 Kings and 2 Chronicles, providing insight into the spiritual and moral state of the nation, as seen in Deuteronomy 17:14-20 and 1 Samuel 8:7.

Reflection Questions

  1. What can we learn from the transition of power in Israel, as seen in the reign of Omri, and how does it relate to our own lives and leadership?
  2. How does the mention of Asa's reign in Judah provide context for understanding the kingdom of Israel during Omri's time, and what can we learn from their examples?
  3. In what ways can we apply the principles of leadership and obedience to God, as seen in the lives of the kings of Israel, to our own lives and communities?
  4. What role does the city of Tirzah play in the history of Israel, and what significance does it hold in the biblical narrative?

Gill's Exposition on 1 Kings 16:23

In the thirty first year of Asa king of Judah began Omri to reign over Israel twelve years,.... Which are to be reckoned not from the thirty first of Asa; for Ahab the son of Omri began to reign in

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 1 Kings 16:23

In the thirty and first year of Asa king of Judah began Omri to reign over Israel, twelve years: six years reigned he in Tirzah.

Matthew Poole's Commentary on 1 Kings 16:23

Began Omri to reign over Israel twelve years, i.e. and he reigned twelve years, not from this thirty-first year of Asa, for he died in his thirty-eighth year, ; but from the beginning of his reign, which was in Asa’ s twenty-seventh year, ,16. So he reigned four years in a state of war with Tibni, and eight years peaceably.

Trapp's Commentary on 1 Kings 16:23

1 Kings 16:23 In the thirty and first year of Asa king of Judah began Omri to reign over Israel, twelve years: six years reigned he in Tirzah.Ver. 23. Began Omri to reign.] Without a competitor. Twelve years,] viz., In all: reckoning the four full years before Tibni’ s death.

Ellicott's Commentary on 1 Kings 16:23

(23) Began Omri to reign over Israel.—The accession of Omri after this long civil war opened a new epoch of more settled government and prosperity for about forty-eight years. Omri had (as appears from 1 Kings 20:34) to purchase peace with Syria by some acknowledgment of sovereignty and cession of cities. He then allied himself with the royal house of Tyre, probably both for strength against Syria, and for revival of the commercial prosperity of the days of Solomon, and proceeded to found a new capital in a strong position. That he was a warrior is indicated by the phrase, “the might that he shewed.” Probably, like Jeroboam and Baasha, he also had his opportunity of restoring the spiritual strength of his people by returning to the pure worship of God, and threw it away, doing “worse than all who were before him.”

Adam Clarke's Commentary on 1 Kings 16:23

Verse 23. In the thirty and first year of Asa] There must be a mistake here in the number thirty-one; for, in ver. 10 and 15, 1Kg 16:10; 1Kg 16:15 it is said that Zimri slew his master, and began to reign in the twenty-seventh year of Asa; and as Zimri reigned only seven days, and Omri immediately succeeded him, this could not be in the thirty-first, but in the twenty-seventh year of Asa, as related above. Rab. Sol. Jarchi reconciles the two places thus: "The division of the kingdom between Tibni and Omri began in the twenty-seventh year of Asa; this division lasted five years, during which Omri had but a share of the kingdom. Tibni dying, Omri came into the possession of the whole kingdom, which he held seven years; this was in the thirty-first year of Asa. Seven years he reigned alone; five years he reigned over part of Israel; twelve years in the whole. The two dates, the twenty-seventh and thirty-first of Asa, answering, the first to the beginning of the division, the second to the sole reign of Omri." Jarchi quotes Sedar Olam for this solution.

Cambridge Bible on 1 Kings 16:23

23. over Israel, twelve years] The R.V. inserts in italics ‘and reigned,’ after ‘Israel’ to make the sense clear. See on 1 Kings 15:33. six years reigned he] The four years of the struggle for the throne are not counted either to Tibni or to Omri. For the commencement of Ahab’s reign is put (see 1 Kings 16:29) in the 38th year of Asa.

Whedon's Commentary on 1 Kings 16:23

OMRI’S REIGN, 1 Kings 16:23-28. 23. Twelve years — Six at Tirzah and six at Samaria.

Sermons on 1 Kings 16:23

SermonDescription
C.I. Scofield Omri and Ahab by C.I. Scofield C.I. Scofield delves into the analysis of God's judgment on prosperous evil, as seen in the reign of Omri, and the greater wickedness of Ahab, particularly focusing on the impact o
Chuck Smith Disobedience and Death of Asa by Chuck Smith In his sermon, Chuck Smith discusses the disobedience and eventual death of King Asa, emphasizing how Asa's reliance on human strategy rather than faith in God led to his downfall.

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