Exodus 21:9
Exodus 21:9 in Multiple Translations
And if he chooses her for his son, he must deal with her as with a daughter.
And if he have betrothed her unto his son, he shall deal with her after the manner of daughters.
And if he espouse her unto his son, he shall deal with her after the manner of daughters.
And if he gives her to his son, he is to do everything for her as if she was his daughter.
If he chooses to give her to his son, he must treat her as a daughter.
But if he hath betrothed her vnto his sonne, he shall deale with her according to the custome of the daughters.
'And if to his son he betroth her, according to the right of daughters he doth to her.
If he marries her to his son, he shall deal with her as a daughter.
And if he hath betrothed her to his son, he shall deal with her after the manner of daughters.
But if he have betrothed her to his son, he shall deal with her after the manner of daughters.
If the man who buys her wants her to be a wife for his son, he must then treat her as though she were his own daughter.
Berean Amplified Bible — Exodus 21:9
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
Exodus 21:9 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וְ/אִם
לִ/בְנ֖/וֹ
יִֽיעָדֶ֑/נָּה
כְּ/מִשְׁפַּ֥ט
הַ/בָּנ֖וֹת
יַעֲשֶׂה
לָּֽ/הּ
וְ/אִם
ʼim
H518
if
Conj | Conj
לִ/בְנ֖/וֹ
bên
H1121
son
Prep | N-ms | Suff
יִֽיעָדֶ֑/נָּה
yâʻad
H3259
to appoint
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms | Suff
כְּ/מִשְׁפַּ֥ט
mishpâṭ
H4941
justice
Prep | N-ms
הַ/בָּנ֖וֹת
bath
H1323
Bath (Shua)
Art | N-fp
יַעֲשֶׂה
ʻâsâh
H6213
to make
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms
לָּֽ/הּ
Prep | Suff
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — Exodus 21:9
וְ/אִם
ʼim
H518
"if"
Conj | Conj
This Hebrew word is used to express conditions or questions, like if or whether. It can also be used to make oaths or express wishes, as in Oh that! It appears in various forms in the KJV, including if, though, and when.
Definition: : if/whether_or/though 1) if 1a) conditional clauses 1a1) of possible situations 1a2) of impossible situations 1b) oath contexts 1b1) no, not 1c) if...if, whether...or, whether...or...or 1d) when, whenever 1e) since 1f) interrogative particle 1g) but rather
Usage: Occurs in 931 OT verses. KJV: (and, can-, doubtless, if, that) (not), [phrase] but, either, [phrase] except, [phrase] more(-over if, than), neither, nevertheless, nor, oh that, or, [phrase] save (only, -ing), seeing, since, sith, [phrase] surely (no more, none, not), though, [phrase] of a truth, [phrase] unless, [phrase] verily, when, whereas, whether, while, [phrase] yet. See also: Genesis 4:7; Exodus 22:3; Leviticus 27:27.
לִ/בְנ֖/וֹ
bên
H1121
"son"
Prep | N-ms | Suff
In the Bible, this word means a son or descendant, and can also refer to a grandson, nation, or quality. It appears in 1 Chronicles 24, describing a Levite named Beno. The word is used to show family relationships and inheritance.
Definition: : child/son
Usage: Occurs in 3653 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth. See also: Genesis 3:16; Genesis 23:3; Genesis 34:18.
יִֽיעָדֶ֑/נָּה
yâʻad
H3259
"to appoint"
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms | Suff
To appoint or agree on something, like setting a time to meet or making a plan, as seen in Esther when the king appoints a new leader. It can also mean to gather or assemble people for a purpose.
Definition: 1) to fix, appoint, assemble, meet, set, betroth 1a)(Qal) to appoint, assign, designate 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to meet 1b2) to meet by appointment 1b3) to gather, assemble by appointment 1c) (Hiphil) to cause to meet 1d) (Hophal) to be set, be placed before, be fixed
Usage: Occurs in 29 OT verses. KJV: agree,(maxke an) appoint(-ment, a time), assemble (selves), betroth, gather (selves, together), meet (together), set (a time). See also: Exodus 21:8; 2 Samuel 20:5; Psalms 48:5.
כְּ/מִשְׁפַּ֥ט
mishpâṭ
H4941
"justice"
Prep | N-ms
Mishpat means justice or judgment, and is often used to describe God's righteous judgment, as well as human laws and decisions, in books like Deuteronomy and Isaiah.
Definition: : judgement/punishment 1) judgment, justice, ordinance 1a) judgment 1a1) act of deciding a case 1a2) place, court, seat of judgment 1a3) process, procedure, litigation (before judges) 1a4) case, cause (presented for judgment) 1a5) sentence, decision (of judgment) 1a6) execution (of judgment) 1a7) time (of judgment) 1b) justice, right, rectitude (attributes of God or man) 1c) ordinance 1d) decision (in law) 1e) right, privilege, due (legal) 1f) proper, fitting, measure, fitness, custom, manner, plan
Usage: Occurs in 406 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] adversary, ceremony, charge, [idiom] crime, custom, desert, determination, discretion, disposing, due, fashion, form, to be judged, judgment, just(-ice, -ly), (manner of) law(-ful), manner, measure, (due) order, ordinance, right, sentence, usest, [idiom] worthy, [phrase] wrong. See also: Genesis 18:19; 1 Kings 2:3; Psalms 1:5.
הַ/בָּנ֖וֹת
bath
H1323
"Bath (Shua)"
Art | N-fp
The Hebrew word for daughter is used to describe a female child or a woman, and can also be used figuratively. In the Bible, it is used to describe women like Bathsheba, the wife of Uriah and later of King David.
Definition: A woman living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.38.2; daughter of: Shua (H7770); married to Judah (H3063); mother of: Er (H6147), Onan (H0209) and Shelah (H7956) the wife of Uriah whom David had murdered, having had adulterous relations with her; subsequently wife of David and mother of Solomon, Shimea, Shobab, and Nathan (alternate spelling to 'Bathsheba')
Usage: Occurs in 498 OT verses. KJV: apple (of the eye), branch, company, daughter, [idiom] first, [idiom] old, [phrase] owl, town, village. See also: Genesis 5:4; Exodus 2:21; Ruth 1:13.
יַעֲשֶׂה
ʻâsâh
H6213
"to make"
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms
This verb means to make or do something, and is used over 2,600 times in the Bible. It is first used in Genesis 1:7 to describe God's creation of the world and is also used in Exodus 31:5 to describe the work of skilled craftsmen.
Definition: : make(OBJECT) 1) to do, fashion, accomplish, make 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to do, work, make, produce 1a1a) to do 1a1b) to work 1a1c) to deal (with) 1a1d) to act, act with effect, effect 1a2) to make 1a2a) to make 1a2b) to produce 1a2c) to prepare 1a2d) to make (an offering) 1a2e) to attend to, put in order 1a2f) to observe, celebrate 1a2g) to acquire (property) 1a2h) to appoint, ordain, institute 1a2i) to bring about 1a2j) to use 1a2k) to spend, pass 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be done 1b2) to be made 1b3) to be produced 1b4) to be offered 1b5) to be observed 1b6) to be used 1c) (Pual) to be made
Usage: Occurs in 2286 OT verses. KJV: accomplish, advance, appoint, apt, be at, become, bear, bestow, bring forth, bruise, be busy, [idiom] certainly, have the charge of, commit, deal (with), deck, [phrase] displease, do, (ready) dress(-ed), (put in) execute(-ion), exercise, fashion, [phrase] feast, (fight-) ing man, [phrase] finish, fit, fly, follow, fulfill, furnish, gather, get, go about, govern, grant, great, [phrase] hinder, hold (a feast), [idiom] indeed, [phrase] be industrious, [phrase] journey, keep, labour, maintain, make, be meet, observe, be occupied, offer, [phrase] officer, pare, bring (come) to pass, perform, pracise, prepare, procure, provide, put, requite, [idiom] sacrifice, serve, set, shew, [idiom] sin, spend, [idiom] surely, take, [idiom] thoroughly, trim, [idiom] very, [phrase] vex, be (warr-) ior, work(-man), yield, use. See also: Genesis 1:7; Genesis 34:19; Exodus 18:24.
לָּֽ/הּ
""
Prep | Suff
Study Notes — Exodus 21:9
Show Verse Quote Highlights
Context — Hebrew Servants
7And if a man sells his daughter as a servant, she is not to go free as the menservants do.
8If she is displeasing in the eyes of her master who had designated her for himself, he must allow her to be redeemed. He has no right to sell her to foreigners, since he has broken faith with her.
9And if he chooses her for his son, he must deal with her as with a daughter.
10If he takes another wife, he must not reduce the food, clothing, or marital rights of his first wife. 11If, however, he does not provide her with these three things, she is free to go without monetary payment.Exodus 21:9 Summary
This verse is saying that if a master chooses a servant girl to be a wife for his son, he must treat her with the same love and respect as he would his own daughter. This means giving her all the rights and privileges of a daughter, and not treating her like a servant anymore (as also taught in Galatians 3:28). It's a reminder that everyone deserves to be treated with kindness and respect, no matter their position or status. By treating others with love and care, we reflect God's heart of love and compassion, as seen in John 13:35.
Frequently Asked Questions
What does it mean to 'deal with her as with a daughter' in Exodus 21:9?
It means treating her with the same love, care, and respect as one would their own daughter, recognizing her as a member of the family, as seen in Ephesians 6:1-4 where children are instructed to honor their parents.
Why is this verse important in the context of Exodus 21?
This verse is important because it highlights the importance of treating others with kindness and respect, especially those in positions of vulnerability, as also taught in Leviticus 19:18 and Matthew 7:12.
How does this verse relate to the concept of adoption in the Bible?
This verse shows that the idea of adoption and treating someone as a child is not new to the New Testament, but rather it has its roots in the Old Testament, where God's people were instructed to care for the fatherless and the widow, as seen in Deuteronomy 10:18 and James 1:27.
What can we learn from this verse about God's heart for the vulnerable?
We can learn that God has a special concern for those who are vulnerable and marginalized, and He expects His people to reflect this heart of love and compassion, as seen in Psalm 68:5 and Isaiah 1:17.
Reflection Questions
- What are some ways I can demonstrate love and care to those around me, like a father would to his daughter?
- How can I apply the principle of treating others with respect and kindness in my own life, especially to those who may be in positions of vulnerability?
- What does it mean to 'deal with someone as with a daughter' in a spiritual sense, and how can I cultivate this kind of heart towards others?
- In what ways can I reflect God's heart of love and compassion towards the vulnerable and marginalized in my community?
Gill's Exposition on Exodus 21:9
And if he have betrothed her unto his son,.... Not caring to betroth and marry her himself, as being more suitable in age for his son than for himself; he shall deal with her after the manner of
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Exodus 21:9
And if he have betrothed her unto his son, he shall deal with her after the manner of daughters. And if he hath betrothed her unto his son. This is the second supposed contingency.
Matthew Poole's Commentary on Exodus 21:9
i.e. Give her a convenient portion, as he doth to his own daughters, .
Trapp's Commentary on Exodus 21:9
Exodus 21:9 And if he have betrothed her unto his son, he shall deal with her after the manner of daughters.Ver. 9. After the manner of daughters.] Not put her off, as they say they do their daughters in Hungary, without a portion, only with a new coat at their wedding: much less set her to sale, as the Thracians did their young brides; quae non moribus nubebant, sed praemiis. Solin, cap. 15.
Adam Clarke's Commentary on Exodus 21:9
Verse 9. Betrothed her unto his son, he shall deal with her] He shall give her the same dowry he would give to one of his own daughters. From these laws we learn, that if a man's son married his servant, by his father's consent, the father was obliged to treat her in every respect as a daughter; and if the son married another woman, as it appears he might do, Exodus 21:10, he was obliged to make no abatement in the privileges of the first wife, either in her food, raiment, or duty of marriage. The word ענתה onathah, here, is the same with St. Paul's οφειλομενηνευνοιαν, the marriage debt, and with the ομιλιαν of the Septuagint, which signifies the cohabitation of man and wife.
Cambridge Bible on Exodus 21:9
9. Second special case: if at the time of purchasing the woman, her master intends her for his son. If he designate her for his son, he shall deal with her according to the rights of daughters] i.e. treat her as a daughter of his own household, give her the maintenance, clothing, &c. which a daughter would naturally have. for his son] ‘as in Persia (Chardin, Voyage, ii. 259), Arabia, Niebuhr, Arabia, p. 74, Snouck-Hurgronje, Mekka, p. 157’ (Dillm.-Ryss.).