Isaiah 5:10
Isaiah 5:10 in Multiple Translations
For ten acres of vineyard will yield but a bath of wine, and a homer of seed only an ephah of grain. ”
Yea, ten acres of vineyard shall yield one bath, and the seed of an homer shall yield an ephah.
For ten acres of vineyard shall yield one bath, and a homer of seed shall yield but an ephah.
For ten fields of vines will only give one measure of wine, and a great amount of seed will only give a small measure of grain.
Ten acres of vineyard will only produce six gallons of wine, and a measure of seed only a tenth of that in grain.
For ten acres of vines shall yelde one bath, and the seede of an homer shall yelde an ephah.
For ten acres of vineyard do yield one bath, And an homer of seed yieldeth an ephah.
For ten acres of vineyard shall yield one bath, and a homer of seed shall yield an ephah.”
Yes, ten acres of vineyard shall yield one bath, and the seed of a homer shall yield an ephah.
For ten acres of vineyard shall yield one little measure, and thirty bushels of seed shall yield three bushels.
The vines on ten acres of land will not produce enough grapes to make ◄six gallons/22 liters► of juice/wine, and ten baskets of seed will produce only one basket of grain.”
Berean Amplified Bible — Isaiah 5:10
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
Isaiah 5:10 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
כִּ֗י
עֲשֶׂ֨רֶת֙
צִמְדֵּי
כֶ֔רֶם
יַעֲשׂ֖וּ
בַּ֣ת
אֶחָ֑ת
וְ/זֶ֥רַע
חֹ֖מֶר
יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה
אֵיפָֽה
כִּ֗י
kîy
H3588
for
Conj
עֲשֶׂ֨רֶת֙
ʻeser
H6235
ten
Adj
צִמְדֵּי
tsemed
H6776
pair
N-mp
כֶ֔רֶם
kerem
H3754
vineyard
N-cs
יַעֲשׂ֖וּ
ʻâsâh
H6213
to make
V-Qal-Imperf-3mp
בַּ֣ת
bath
H1324
bath
N-cs
אֶחָ֑ת
ʼechâd
H259
one
Adj
וְ/זֶ֥רַע
zeraʻ
H2233
seed
Conj | N-ms
חֹ֖מֶר
chômer
H2563
clay
N-ms
יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה
ʻâsâh
H6213
to make
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms
אֵיפָֽה
ʼêyphâh
H374
ephah
N-fs
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — Isaiah 5:10
כִּ֗י
kîy
H3588
"for"
Conj
A conjunction used to show cause or connection, as in Genesis 2:23 where Adam says the woman is bone of his bone because she was taken out of him. It is often translated as 'for', 'because', or 'since'.
Definition: 1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since 1a) that 1a1) yea, indeed 1b) when (of time) 1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force) 1c) because, since (causal connection) 1d) but (after negative) 1e) that if, for if, indeed if, for though, but if 1f) but rather, but 1g) except that 1h) only, nevertheless 1i) surely 1j) that is 1k) but if 1l) for though 1m) forasmuch as, for therefore
Usage: Occurs in 3910 OT verses. KJV: and, + (forasmuch, inasmuch, where-) as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else, even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, + nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then, therefore, + (al-) though, + till, truly, + until, when, whether, while, whom, yea, yet. See also: Genesis 1:4; Genesis 26:16; Genesis 42:15.
עֲשֶׂ֨רֶת֙
ʻeser
H6235
"ten"
Adj
This Hebrew word means the number ten, often used in combination with other numbers to describe larger quantities, such as in the story of the ten commandments in Exodus 20. It is commonly translated as 'ten' in the KJV.
Definition: 1) ten 1a) ten 1b) with other numbers Aramaic equivalent: a.sar (עֲשַׂר "ten" H6236)
Usage: Occurs in 157 OT verses. KJV: ten, (fif-, seven-) teen. See also: Genesis 5:14; 1 Kings 6:3; Isaiah 5:10.
צִמְדֵּי
tsemed
H6776
"pair"
N-mp
This Hebrew word refers to a pair or team, often of animals, and can also mean an acre of land that a yoke of cattle can plow in a day. It's used to describe a unit or a set of two things working together.
Definition: 1) couple, pair, team, yoke 1a) couple, pair, span (usually of animals) 1b) acre 1b1) the amount of land a span of oxen could plow in one day
Usage: Occurs in 15 OT verses. KJV: acre, couple, [idiom] together, two (donkeys), yoke (of oxen). See also: Judges 19:3; 2 Kings 5:17; Isaiah 5:10.
כֶ֔רֶם
kerem
H3754
"vineyard"
N-cs
A vineyard, or kerem, was a garden or plot of land used for growing vines and other crops. In the Bible, vineyards were often used as a symbol of prosperity and abundance, as seen in the book of Isaiah and the parables of Jesus.
Definition: vineyard
Usage: Occurs in 81 OT verses. KJV: vines, (increase of the) vineyard(-s), vintage. See also H1021 (בֵּית הַכֶּרֶם). See also: Genesis 9:20; Nehemiah 5:11; Psalms 107:37.
יַעֲשׂ֖וּ
ʻâsâh
H6213
"to make"
V-Qal-Imperf-3mp
This verb means to make or do something, and is used over 2,600 times in the Bible. It is first used in Genesis 1:7 to describe God's creation of the world and is also used in Exodus 31:5 to describe the work of skilled craftsmen.
Definition: : make(OBJECT) 1) to do, fashion, accomplish, make 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to do, work, make, produce 1a1a) to do 1a1b) to work 1a1c) to deal (with) 1a1d) to act, act with effect, effect 1a2) to make 1a2a) to make 1a2b) to produce 1a2c) to prepare 1a2d) to make (an offering) 1a2e) to attend to, put in order 1a2f) to observe, celebrate 1a2g) to acquire (property) 1a2h) to appoint, ordain, institute 1a2i) to bring about 1a2j) to use 1a2k) to spend, pass 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be done 1b2) to be made 1b3) to be produced 1b4) to be offered 1b5) to be observed 1b6) to be used 1c) (Pual) to be made
Usage: Occurs in 2286 OT verses. KJV: accomplish, advance, appoint, apt, be at, become, bear, bestow, bring forth, bruise, be busy, [idiom] certainly, have the charge of, commit, deal (with), deck, [phrase] displease, do, (ready) dress(-ed), (put in) execute(-ion), exercise, fashion, [phrase] feast, (fight-) ing man, [phrase] finish, fit, fly, follow, fulfill, furnish, gather, get, go about, govern, grant, great, [phrase] hinder, hold (a feast), [idiom] indeed, [phrase] be industrious, [phrase] journey, keep, labour, maintain, make, be meet, observe, be occupied, offer, [phrase] officer, pare, bring (come) to pass, perform, pracise, prepare, procure, provide, put, requite, [idiom] sacrifice, serve, set, shew, [idiom] sin, spend, [idiom] surely, take, [idiom] thoroughly, trim, [idiom] very, [phrase] vex, be (warr-) ior, work(-man), yield, use. See also: Genesis 1:7; Genesis 34:19; Exodus 18:24.
בַּ֣ת
bath
H1324
"bath"
N-cs
A bath is an old Hebrew unit of measurement for liquids, equal to about 9 gallons. It is used in the Bible to describe quantities of oil, wine, and other liquids. In Ezekiel 45:10-14, it is used to define the amounts of offerings.
Definition: bath, a unit of liquid measure, equal to dry measure ephah (about 9 imperial gallons or 40 litres, rabbinical writings give sizes of one-half this amount) Aramaic equivalent: bat (בַּת "bath" H1325)
Usage: Occurs in 8 OT verses. KJV: bath. See also: 1 Kings 7:26; Isaiah 5:10; Ezekiel 45:14.
אֶחָ֑ת
ʼechâd
H259
"one"
Adj
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means one or united, and is used to describe something that is single or unique. It is often translated as one, first, or alone. For example, in Genesis 1:5, God calls the light day and the darkness night, and separates them into one thing from another.
Definition: 1) one (number) 1a) one (number) 1b) each, every 1c) a certain 1d) an (indefinite article) 1e) only, once, once for all 1f) one...another, the one...the other, one after another, one by one 1g) first 1h) eleven (in combination), eleventh (ordinal)
Usage: Occurs in 739 OT verses. KJV: a, alike, alone, altogether, and, any(-thing), apiece, a certain, (dai-) ly, each (one), [phrase] eleven, every, few, first, [phrase] highway, a man, once, one, only, other, some, together, See also: Genesis 1:5; Exodus 36:26; Numbers 7:70.
וְ/זֶ֥רַע
zeraʻ
H2233
"seed"
Conj | N-ms
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means seed or offspring, like in Genesis where God promises Abraham many descendants. It can also mean a plant or sowing time, as in Isaiah 55:10. This concept is central to God's plan for humanity.
Definition: : seed/sowing 1) seed, sowing, offspring 1a) a sowing 1b) seed 1c) semen virile 1d) offspring, descendants, posterity, children 1e) of moral quality 1e1) a practitioner of righteousness (fig.) 1f) sowing time (by meton)
Usage: Occurs in 205 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] carnally, child, fruitful, seed(-time), sowing-time. See also: Genesis 1:11; 1 Samuel 1:11; Psalms 18:51.
חֹ֖מֶר
chômer
H2563
"clay"
N-ms
This Hebrew word refers to a dry measure, about 65 gallons, or a heap of material like clay or mire. It is used in the Bible to describe measurements and substances.
Definition: 1) cement, mortar, clay 1a) mortar, cement 1b) clay 1c) mire
Usage: Occurs in 26 OT verses. KJV: clay, heap, homer, mire, motion. See also: Genesis 11:3; Isaiah 10:6; Isaiah 5:10.
יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה
ʻâsâh
H6213
"to make"
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms
This verb means to make or do something, and is used over 2,600 times in the Bible. It is first used in Genesis 1:7 to describe God's creation of the world and is also used in Exodus 31:5 to describe the work of skilled craftsmen.
Definition: : make(OBJECT) 1) to do, fashion, accomplish, make 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to do, work, make, produce 1a1a) to do 1a1b) to work 1a1c) to deal (with) 1a1d) to act, act with effect, effect 1a2) to make 1a2a) to make 1a2b) to produce 1a2c) to prepare 1a2d) to make (an offering) 1a2e) to attend to, put in order 1a2f) to observe, celebrate 1a2g) to acquire (property) 1a2h) to appoint, ordain, institute 1a2i) to bring about 1a2j) to use 1a2k) to spend, pass 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be done 1b2) to be made 1b3) to be produced 1b4) to be offered 1b5) to be observed 1b6) to be used 1c) (Pual) to be made
Usage: Occurs in 2286 OT verses. KJV: accomplish, advance, appoint, apt, be at, become, bear, bestow, bring forth, bruise, be busy, [idiom] certainly, have the charge of, commit, deal (with), deck, [phrase] displease, do, (ready) dress(-ed), (put in) execute(-ion), exercise, fashion, [phrase] feast, (fight-) ing man, [phrase] finish, fit, fly, follow, fulfill, furnish, gather, get, go about, govern, grant, great, [phrase] hinder, hold (a feast), [idiom] indeed, [phrase] be industrious, [phrase] journey, keep, labour, maintain, make, be meet, observe, be occupied, offer, [phrase] officer, pare, bring (come) to pass, perform, pracise, prepare, procure, provide, put, requite, [idiom] sacrifice, serve, set, shew, [idiom] sin, spend, [idiom] surely, take, [idiom] thoroughly, trim, [idiom] very, [phrase] vex, be (warr-) ior, work(-man), yield, use. See also: Genesis 1:7; Genesis 34:19; Exodus 18:24.
אֵיפָֽה
ʼêyphâh
H374
"ephah"
N-fs
An ephah was a unit of measurement in the Old Testament, equivalent to about 9 gallons, used to quantify dry goods like grain, as mentioned in the books of Leviticus and Ruth.
Definition: 1) ephah 1a) a dry measure of quantity, equal to 3 seahs, 10 omers; the same as the liquid measure bath; (about 9 imperial gallons (40 l), rabbinical writings give sizes of one-half this amount) 1b) the receptacle for measuring or holding that amount
Usage: Occurs in 29 OT verses. KJV: ephah, (divers) measure(-s). See also: Exodus 16:36; Ezekiel 45:10; Proverbs 20:10.
Study Notes — Isaiah 5:10
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- Isaiah 5:10 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on Isaiah 5:10
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Isaiah 5:10
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on Isaiah 5:10
- Trapp's Commentary on Isaiah 5:10
- Ellicott's Commentary on Isaiah 5:10
- Cambridge Bible on Isaiah 5:10
- Barnes' Notes on Isaiah 5:10
- Whedon's Commentary on Isaiah 5:10
- Sermons on Isaiah 5:10
Context — Woes to the Wicked
8Woe to you who add house to house and join field to field until no place is left and you live alone in the land.
9I heard the LORD of Hosts declare: “Surely many houses will become desolate, great mansions left unoccupied.
10For ten acres of vineyard will yield but a bath of wine, and a homer of seed only an ephah of grain. ”
11Woe to those who rise early in the morning in pursuit of strong drink, who linger into the evening, to be inflamed by wine. 12At their feasts are the lyre and harp, tambourines and flutes and wine. They disregard the actions of the LORD and fail to see the work of His hands.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Leviticus 26:26 | When I cut off your supply of bread, ten women will bake your bread in a single oven and dole out your bread by weight, so that you will eat but not be satisfied. |
| 2 | Haggai 2:16 | from that time, when one came expecting a heap of twenty ephahs of grain, there were but ten. When one came to the winepress to draw out fifty baths, there were but twenty. |
| 3 | Haggai 1:6 | You have planted much but harvested little. You eat but never have enough. You drink but never have your fill. You put on clothes but never get warm. You earn wages to put into a bag pierced through.” |
| 4 | Haggai 1:9–11 | You expected much, but behold, it amounted to little. And what you brought home, I blew away. Why? declares the LORD of Hosts. Because My house still lies in ruins, while each of you is busy with his own house. Therefore, on account of you the heavens have withheld their dew and the earth has withheld its crops. I have summoned a drought on the fields and on the mountains, on the grain, new wine, and oil, and on whatever the ground yields, on man and beast, and on all the labor of your hands.” |
| 5 | Leviticus 27:16 | If a man consecrates to the LORD a parcel of his land, then your valuation shall be proportional to the seed required for it—fifty shekels of silver for every homer of barley seed. |
| 6 | Joel 1:17 | The seeds lie shriveled beneath the clods; the storehouses are in ruins; the granaries are broken down, for the grain has withered away. |
| 7 | Ezekiel 45:10–11 | You must use honest scales, a just ephah, and a just bath. The ephah and the bath shall be the same quantity so that the bath will contain a tenth of a homer, and the ephah a tenth of a homer; the homer will be the standard measure for both. |
Isaiah 5:10 Summary
[Isaiah 5:10 is a warning that even when we have a lot of resources, we can still experience spiritual barrenness if we are not trusting in God and obeying His commands, as seen in Deuteronomy 8:10-14 and Hosea 10:1 The verse uses the example of a vineyard that yields very little wine, and a field that yields very little grain, to illustrate the idea that our efforts can be unfruitful if we are not relying on God, as mentioned in Psalm 127:1-2 and 1 Corinthians 3:6-7 This verse encourages us to trust in God's provision and to prioritize our relationship with Him, rather than relying on our own strength and abilities, as stated in Proverbs 3:5-6 and Jeremiah 17:5-8 By trusting in God and obeying His commands, we can experience spiritual fruitfulness and avoid the judgment that comes from spiritual barrenness, as seen in John 15:1-17 and Galatians 5:22-23]
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the meaning of the measurements in Isaiah 5:10, such as 'ten acres of vineyard' and 'a bath of wine'?
These measurements are examples of the unfruitfulness of the land, where a large amount of land or seed yields very little produce, illustrating God's judgment on the people, similar to the concept of barrenness in Deuteronomy 28:18 and Leviticus 26:20
How does this verse relate to the rest of the chapter, which talks about God's judgment on Israel?
Isaiah 5:10 is a specific example of the judgment mentioned in the surrounding verses, such as Isaiah 5:8-9, where God declares that many houses will become desolate, and Isaiah 5:11-12, where the people are condemned for their excessive love of wine and disregard for God's actions
What is the symbolic meaning of the vineyard in this verse, and how does it relate to other Bible passages?
The vineyard is a common symbol in the Bible for God's people, as seen in Isaiah 5:1-7 and Matthew 21:33-46, and the unfruitfulness of the vineyard in Isaiah 5:10 represents the spiritual barrenness of the people, which is a result of their sin and disobedience, as mentioned in Isaiah 1:2-3
How can we apply the message of Isaiah 5:10 to our own lives, in terms of trusting in God's provision and being fruitful in our own spiritual lives?
We can apply this verse by recognizing that our spiritual fruitfulness comes from God, as stated in John 15:5, and that we must trust in Him and obey His commands, as mentioned in Psalm 37:3-6, in order to bear fruit and avoid the judgment that comes from spiritual barrenness
Reflection Questions
- What are some areas in my life where I am expecting a big harvest, but instead I am experiencing barrenness, and how can I trust in God's provision during these times?
- How can I ensure that my spiritual life is fruitful and pleasing to God, and what are some practical steps I can take to cultivate a deeper relationship with Him?
- What are some ways that I can avoid the trap of trusting in my own strength and abilities, rather than trusting in God's power and provision, as mentioned in Proverbs 3:5-6 and Jeremiah 17:5-8?
- How can I use the example of the unfruitful vineyard in Isaiah 5:10 to examine my own heart and life, and to identify areas where I need to repent and turn to God?
- What are some ways that I can practically apply the principle of trusting in God's sovereignty and provision, as seen in Isaiah 5:10, to my daily life and circumstances?
Gill's Exposition on Isaiah 5:10
Yea, ten acres of vineyard shall yield one bath,.... They shall get nothing by laying field to field, for their fields shall be barren and unfruitful; though Jarchi and Kimchi take this to be a
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Isaiah 5:10
Yea, ten acres of vineyard shall yield one bath, and the seed of an homer shall yield an ephah. Ten acres - literally, yokes as much as one yoke of oxen could plow in a day. Shall yield one - only.
Matthew Poole's Commentary on Isaiah 5:10
Ten acres of vineyard shall yield one bath, to wit, of wine. The bath contained about eight gallons. Thus an acre did yield one gallon. The seed of an homer shall yield an ephah which was of the same quantity with the bath, only the bath was the measure of liquid things, the ephah of dry and an ephah was the tenth part of an homer, . So instead of that great increase which that fruitful land commonly yielded, they should lose nine parts of their seed. Thus a fruitful land was made barren for their wickedness, according to God’ s threatening, ; and they had as little comfort in their lands as in their houses; which were the two kinds of their purchases, .
Trapp's Commentary on Isaiah 5:10
Isaiah 5:10 Yea, ten acres of vineyard shall yield one bath, and the seed of an homer shall yield an ephah.Ver. 10. Yea, ten acres of vineyard shall yield one bath,] viz., Of wine; a poor proportion - not a gallon of wine for an acre of ground planted with vines. And the seed of an homer shall yield an ephah.] And no more. The earth shall yield but the tenth part of what was sown; so little joy shall you have either of your enlarged houses, or fields laid to fields by evil arts. Et signanter decem ponit iugera, saith Oecolampadius here; neither is it for nothing that the prophet saith ten acres of vineyard, &c., and that they shall have but the tithe of their seed again, to teach them how angry God is with such as through covetousness refuse to pay their tithes duly and truly, &c.
Ellicott's Commentary on Isaiah 5:10
(10) Ten acres.—The disproportion was as great as that which we have seen in recent times in vine countries suffering from the Phylloxera or the oidium, or in the potato failures of Ireland. The bath was equal to seventy-two Roman sextarii (Jos. Ant. viii. 2-9), about seven and a half gallons, and this was to be the whole produce of ten acres, from which an average yield of 500 baths might have been expected. The Hebrew word for “acre” means primarily the ground that could be ploughed in a day by a yoke of oxen. The seed of an homer shall yield an ephah.—Here also there is an all but total failure. The homer was a dry measure of thirty-two pecks, and the ephah was equal to one-tenth of a homer (Ezekiel 45:11; Exodus 16:36). This scanty crop—Ruth’s gleanings for a single day (Rth 2:17)—one-tenth of the seed sown, was to take the place of the “thirtyfold, sixty, and a hundredfold” (Genesis 26:12; Matthew 13:8) of average or prosperous years.
Cambridge Bible on Isaiah 5:10
10. The land shall be smitten with the curse of barrenness; Jehovah’s remedy for land-grabbing. ten acres] lit. ten yoke; a yoke of land being “As much as two stout oxen Could plough from morn till night.” one bath] (of wine),—about 8 gallons. seed of a homer … ephah] The ephah is a dry measure of the same capacity as the bath; the homer is ten ephahs (Ezekiel 45:11).
Barnes' Notes on Isaiah 5:10
Yea, ten acres - In this verse a reason is rendered why the houses mentioned in the previous verse should become desolate. The reason is, that the land would become sterile and barren, as a divine judgment for their oppression.
Whedon's Commentary on Isaiah 5:10
9, 10. Many houses shall be desolate — Without occupant, desolation dwelling there, because of the invasion invoked below, in Isaiah 5:26-30. Great and fair — Aristocratic though they be.
Sermons on Isaiah 5:10
| Sermon | Description | |
|---|---|---|
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It's Not Enough to Get Out of Babylon by David Wilkerson | In this sermon, the preacher criticizes the trend of showcase charities that are primarily focused on raising money for airtime and advertisement. He warns that ministers will be h |
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The Remnant and Martyrdom by Michael Howard | This sermon emphasizes the importance of truly living by faith and trusting God for provision, rather than manipulating circumstances for personal gain. It calls for a return to bu |
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When Life Is Overwhelming - Chuck Smith by From the Pulpit & Classic Sermons | In this sermon, the preacher focuses on the fourth chapter of Zechariah verse 6, where God speaks to the rebel and declares that His spirit, not human might or power, will accompli |
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(Joel) the Day of the Lord Brings Judah Low by David Guzik | In this sermon, the preacher discusses the prophecy of Joel and the judgment that had come upon Judah in the form of a plague of locusts. He addresses the common question of why Go |
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Homily 3 on the Statues by St. John Chrysostom | John Chrysostom preaches about the departure of Flavian, Bishop of Antioch, on an embassy to the Emperor Theodosius, emphasizing the sacrifice and dedication of a true shepherd who |
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Our Inheritance and Integrity by Robert B. Thompson | In this sermon, the speaker emphasizes the importance of not boasting about men and instead focusing on the inheritance that believers have in Christ. He mentions various figures l |
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February 7. 1678. Weights and Measures. by Jane Lead | Jane Lead preaches about the importance of weighing ourselves with the Golden Weight or Shekel of the Sanctuary, emphasizing that anything short of that divine standard will be una |