Joshua 11:3
Joshua 11:3 in Multiple Translations
to the Canaanites in the east and west; to the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, and Jebusites in the hill country; and to the Hivites at the foot of Hermon in the land of Mizpah.
And to the Canaanite on the east and on the west, and to the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, and the Jebusite in the mountains, and to the Hivite under Hermon in the land of Mizpeh.
to the Canaanite on the east and on the west, and the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, and the Jebusite in the hill-country, and the Hivite under Hermon in the land of Mizpah.
And to the Canaanites on the east and on the west, and to the Amorites and the Hittites and the Perizzites, and the Jebusites in the hill-country, and the Hivites under Hermon in the land of Mizpah.
to the kings of the Canaanites, both east and west, the Amorites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Jebusites in the hill country, and the Hivites living near Mount Hermon in the land of Mizpah.
And vnto the Canaanites, both by East, and by West, and vnto the Amorites, and Hittites, and Perizzites, and Iebusites in the mountaines, and vnto the Hiuites vnder Hermon in the land of Mizpeh.
[to] the Canaanite on the east, and on the west, and the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, and the Jebusite in the hill-country, and the Hivite under Hermon, in the land of Mizpeh —
to the Canaanite on the east and on the west, the Amorite, the Hittite, the Perizzite, the Jebusite in the hill country, and the Hivite under Hermon in the land of Mizpah.
And to the Canaanite on the east and on the west, and to the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, and the Jebusite in the mountains, and to the Hivite under Hermon in the land of Mizpeh.
To the Chanaanites also on the ease and on the west, and the Amorrhite, and the Hethite, and the Pherezite, and the Jebusite in the mountains: to the Hevite also who dwelt at the foot of Hermon in the land of Maspha.
and to the kings of the Canaan people-group in the eastern and western parts of the land. He sent messages to the Amor people-group and the Heth people-group and the Periz people-group and the Jebus people-group who lived in the hilly area. He also sent a message to the Hiv people-group who lived below Hermon Mountain in the Mizpah area.
Berean Amplified Bible — Joshua 11:3
BAB
Word Study
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Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
Joshua 11:3 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִי֙
מִ/מִּזְרָ֣ח
וּ/מִ/יָּ֔ם
וְ/הָ/אֱמֹרִ֧י
וְ/הַ/חִתִּ֛י
וְ/הַ/פְּרִזִּ֥י
וְ/הַ/יְבוּסִ֖י
בָּ/הָ֑ר
וְ/הַֽ/חִוִּי֙
תַּ֣חַת
חֶרְמ֔וֹן
בְּ/אֶ֖רֶץ
הַ/מִּצְפָּֽה
הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִי֙
Kᵉnaʻanîy
H3669
Canaanitess
Art | Ngmsa
מִ/מִּזְרָ֣ח
mizrâch
H4217
east
Prep | N-ms
וּ/מִ/יָּ֔ם
yâm
H3220
West
Conj | Prep | N-ms
וְ/הָ/אֱמֹרִ֧י
ʼĔmôrîy
H567
Amorite
Conj | Art | Ngmsa
וְ/הַ/חִתִּ֛י
Chittîy
H2850
Hittite
Conj | Art | Ngmsa
וְ/הַ/פְּרִזִּ֥י
Pᵉrizzîy
H6522
Perizzite
Conj | Art | Ngmsa
וְ/הַ/יְבוּסִ֖י
Yᵉbûwçîy
H2983
Jebus
Conj | Art | Ngmsa
בָּ/הָ֑ר
har
H2022
mountain
Prep | N-ms
וְ/הַֽ/חִוִּי֙
Chivvîy
H2340
Hivite
Conj | Art | Ngmsa
תַּ֣חַת
tachath
H8478
underneath
Prep
חֶרְמ֔וֹן
Chermôwn
H2768
Hermon
N-proper
בְּ/אֶ֖רֶץ
ʼerets
H776
land
Prep | N-cs
הַ/מִּצְפָּֽה
Mitspâh
H4709
Mizpah
Art | N-proper
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — Joshua 11:3
הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִי֙
Kᵉnaʻanîy
H3669
"Canaanitess"
Art | Ngmsa
A Canaanitess was a woman from the land of Canaan, known for being merchants and traders. The term is used in the Bible to describe a woman who was a mother of one of the tribe of Benjamin, as seen in Genesis and other books.
Definition: Describing a woman living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.46.10; mother of: Shaul (H7586H) § a merchant, trader
Usage: Occurs in 71 OT verses. KJV: Canaanite, merchant, trafficker. See also: Genesis 10:18; Joshua 11:3; Proverbs 31:24.
מִ/מִּזְרָ֣ח
mizrâch
H4217
"east"
Prep | N-ms
This word means the direction of the sunrise, or east. It is used in the Bible to describe the direction of the sun and the east side of something.
Definition: 1) place of sunrise, east 1a) sunrise, east (with 'sun') 1b) the east (without 'sun') 1b1) to or toward the place of sunrise 1b2) to the east, eastward
Usage: Occurs in 71 OT verses. KJV: east (side, -ward), (sun-) rising (of the sun). See also: Exodus 27:13; 1 Kings 7:25; Psalms 50:1.
וּ/מִ/יָּ֔ם
yâm
H3220
"West"
Conj | Prep | N-ms
Refers to a large body of water like the Mediterranean Sea or a sea in general, sometimes specifically the west or seaward direction.
Definition: This name means sea, seaward, westward Another name of eph.ron (עֶפְרוֹן "(Mount )Ephron" H6085H)
Usage: Occurs in 339 OT verses. KJV: sea ([idiom] -faring man, (-shore)), south, west (-ern, side, -ward). See also: Genesis 1:10; Joshua 17:10; Psalms 8:9.
וְ/הָ/אֱמֹרִ֧י
ʼĔmôrîy
H567
"Amorite"
Conj | Art | Ngmsa
An Amorite is a member of a Canaanite tribe, first mentioned in Genesis 10:16, descended from Canaan. The Israelites displaced them as they entered the Promised Land.
Definition: Someone descended from Amor(?), first mentioned at Gen.10.16; descended from Canaan (H3667); along with Sidon (H6721), Heth (H2845), Jebusite (H2983), Girgashite (H1622), Hivite (H2340), Arkite (H6208), Sinite (H5513), Arvadite (H0721), Zemarite (H6786) and Hamathite (H2577) § Amorite = "a sayer" one of the peoples of east Canaan and beyond the Jordan, dispossessed by the Israelite incursion from Egypt
Usage: Occurs in 86 OT verses. KJV: Amorite. See also: Genesis 10:16; Joshua 9:1; Psalms 135:11.
וְ/הַ/חִתִּ֛י
Chittîy
H2850
"Hittite"
Conj | Art | Ngmsa
A Hittite is a descendant of Heth, a man who lived during the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned in Genesis 10:15. The Hittites were a group of people related to the Canaanites and other nearby tribes. They are often mentioned in the Bible, including in the book of Joshua.
Definition: Someone descended from Heth who was a man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.10.15; son of: Canaan (H3667); brother of: Sidon (H6721), Jebusite (H2983), Amorite (H0567), Girgashite (H1622), Hivite (H2340), Arkite (H6208), Sinite (H5513), Arvadite (H0721), Zemarite (H6786) and Hamathite (H2577); also called Hittite (KJV: "of Heth") frequently Group of chet (חֵת "Heth" H2845) § Hittite = "descendant of Heth" the nation descended from Heth, the 2nd son of Canaan; once inhabitants of central Anatolia (modern Turkey), later in north Lebanon
Usage: Occurs in 47 OT verses. KJV: Hittite, Hittities. See also: Genesis 15:20; Joshua 24:11; Ezekiel 16:45.
וְ/הַ/פְּרִזִּ֥י
Pᵉrizzîy
H6522
"Perizzite"
Conj | Art | Ngmsa
A Perizzite was a member of a Canaanite tribe, first mentioned in Genesis 13:7, that lived in southern Canaan before the conquest. They were one of the groups the Israelites encountered. The name likely means 'belonging to a village'.
Definition: Someone descended from Periz(?), first mentioned at Gen.13.7 § Perizzite = "belonging to a village" a people who inhabited southern Canaan prior to the conquest
Usage: Occurs in 23 OT verses. KJV: Perizzite. See also: Genesis 13:7; Joshua 9:1; Nehemiah 9:8.
וְ/הַ/יְבוּסִ֖י
Yᵉbûwçîy
H2983
"Jebus"
Conj | Art | Ngmsa
A Jebusite is a person who lives in Jebus, the early name for Jerusalem. They are descendants of Jebus, a son of Canaan. The KJV translates it as 'Jebusite'.
Definition: Jebusite = "descendants of Jebus" descendants of the 3rd son of Canaan who lived in or around the site of Jebus, the early name for Jerusalem Another spelling of ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)
Usage: Occurs in 39 OT verses. KJV: Jebusite(-s). See also: Genesis 10:16; Joshua 24:11; Zechariah 9:7.
בָּ/הָ֑ר
har
H2022
"mountain"
Prep | N-ms
A mountain or hill, sometimes used to describe a spiritual high point. In the Bible, it can refer to a real mountain or a figurative one. The word is often translated as hill or mount.
Definition: : mount/hill hill, mountain, hill country, mount
Usage: Occurs in 486 OT verses. KJV: hill (country), mount(-ain), [idiom] promotion. See also: Genesis 7:19; Deuteronomy 3:12; Judges 18:13.
וְ/הַֽ/חִוִּי֙
Chivvîy
H2340
"Hivite"
Conj | Art | Ngmsa
A Hivite, a member of an ancient tribe in Palestine, descended from Canaan, mentioned in Genesis 10:17.
Definition: Someone descended from Hiv(?) of the Canaanites, first mentioned at Gen.10.17; descended from Canaan (H3667); along with Sidon (H6721), Heth (H2845), Jebusite (H2983), Amorite (H0567), Girgashite (H1622), Arkite (H6208), Sinite (H5513), Arvadite (H0721), Zemarite (H6786) and Hamathite (H2577) § Hivite = "villagers" 6th generation of descendants of Canaan, the son of Ham, who were living in northern Canaan near Mount Hermon at the time of the conquest
Usage: Occurs in 25 OT verses. KJV: Hivite. See also: Genesis 10:17; Joshua 3:10; 2 Chronicles 8:7.
תַּ֣חַת
tachath
H8478
"underneath"
Prep
This Hebrew word means underneath or below, often used to describe physical locations or positions. It appears in various books, including Genesis, Exodus, and Psalms, to indicate something is under or beneath something else. The word has several related meanings.
Definition: : under/below 1) the under part, beneath, instead of, as, for, for the sake of, flat, unto, where, whereas n m 1a) the under part adv accus 1b) beneath prep 1c) under, beneath 1c1) at the foot of (idiom) 1c2) sweetness, subjection, woman, being burdened or oppressed (fig) 1c3) of subjection or conquest 1d) what is under one, the place in which one stands 1d1) in one's place, the place in which one stands (idiom with reflexive pronoun) 1d2) in place of, instead of (in transferred sense) 1d3) in place of, in exchange or return for (of things mutually interchanged) conj 1e) instead of, instead of that 1f) in return for that, because that in compounds 1g) in, under, into the place of (after verbs of motion) 1h) from under, from beneath, from under the hand of, from his place, under, beneath
Usage: Occurs in 450 OT verses. KJV: as, beneath, [idiom] flat, in(-stead), (same) place (where...is), room, for...sake, stead of, under, [idiom] unto, [idiom] when...was mine, whereas, (where-) fore, with. See also: Genesis 1:7; Deuteronomy 7:24; 1 Kings 20:42.
חֶרְמ֔וֹן
Chermôwn
H2768
"Hermon"
N-proper
Hermon is a mountain on the northeastern border of Palestine, meaning a sanctuary. It overlooks the city of Dan and is a significant geographical feature in the Bible.
Definition: § Hermon = "a sanctuary" a mountain on the northeastern border of Palestine and Lebanon and overlooking the border city of Dan
Usage: Occurs in 13 OT verses. KJV: Hermon. See also: Deuteronomy 3:8; Joshua 12:5; Psalms 89:13.
בְּ/אֶ֖רֶץ
ʼerets
H776
"land"
Prep | N-cs
The land or earth refers to the soil or ground, and can also mean a country, territory, or region. In the Bible, it is used to describe the earth and its inhabitants, and is often translated as 'land' or 'country'.
Definition: : soil 1) land, earth 1a) earth 1a1) whole earth (as opposed to a part) 1a2) earth (as opposed to heaven) 1a3) earth (inhabitants) 1b) land 1b1) country, territory 1b2) district, region 1b3) tribal territory 1b4) piece of ground 1b5) land of Canaan, Israel 1b6) inhabitants of land 1b7) Sheol, land without return, (under) world 1b8) city (-state) 1c) ground, surface of the earth 1c1) ground 1c2) soil 1d) (in phrases) 1d1) people of the land 1d2) space or distance of country (in measurements of distance) 1d3) level or plain country 1d4) land of the living 1d5) end(s) of the earth 1e) (almost wholly late in usage) 1e1) lands, countries 1e1a) often in contrast to Canaan
Usage: Occurs in 2190 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] common, country, earth, field, ground, land, [idiom] natins, way, [phrase] wilderness, world. See also: Genesis 1:1; Genesis 18:18; Genesis 42:13.
הַ/מִּצְפָּֽה
Mitspâh
H4709
"Mizpah"
Art | N-proper
Mitspah means watchtower, referring to a place in Palestine near Mount Hermon. It appears in the Bible as a location. The name is associated with a place of observation.
Definition: § Mizpah = "watchtower" a place near Mount Hermon
Usage: Occurs in 33 OT verses. KJV: Mitspah. (This seems rather to be only an orthographic variation of H4708 (מִצְפֶּה) when 'in pause'.) See also: Genesis 31:49; 1 Samuel 10:17; Jeremiah 40:10.
Study Notes — Joshua 11:3
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- Joshua 11:3 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on Joshua 11:3
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Joshua 11:3
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on Joshua 11:3
- Trapp's Commentary on Joshua 11:3
- Ellicott's Commentary on Joshua 11:3
- Adam Clarke's Commentary on Joshua 11:3
- Cambridge Bible on Joshua 11:3
- Barnes' Notes on Joshua 11:3
- Whedon's Commentary on Joshua 11:3
Context — Conquest of the Northern Cities
1Now when Jabin king of Hazor heard about these things, he sent word to Jobab king of Madon; to the kings of Shimron and Achshaph;
2to the kings of the north in the mountains, in the Arabah south of Chinnereth, in the foothills, and in Naphoth-dor to the west;
3to the Canaanites in the east and west; to the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, and Jebusites in the hill country; and to the Hivites at the foot of Hermon in the land of Mizpah.
4So these kings came out with all their armies, a multitude as numerous as the sand on the seashore, along with a great number of horses and chariots. 5All these kings joined forces and encamped at the waters of Merom to fight against Israel.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Judges 3:3 | the five rulers of the Philistines, all the Canaanites, the Sidonians, and the Hivites who lived in the mountains of Lebanon from Mount Baal-hermon to Lebo-hamath. |
| 2 | Joshua 18:26 | Mizpeh, Chephirah, Mozah, |
| 3 | Genesis 31:49 | It was also called Mizpah, because Laban said, “May the LORD keep watch between you and me when we are absent from each other. |
| 4 | Joshua 15:63 | But the descendants of Judah could not drive out the Jebusites living in Jerusalem. So to this day the Jebusites live there among the descendants of Judah. |
| 5 | Joshua 13:11 | also Gilead and the territory of the Geshurites and Maacathites, all of Mount Hermon, and all Bashan as far as Salecah— |
| 6 | Numbers 13:29 | The Amalekites live in the land of the Negev; the Hittites, Jebusites, and Amorites live in the hill country; and the Canaanites live by the sea and along the Jordan.” |
| 7 | Jeremiah 41:3 | Ishmael also killed all the Jews who were with Gedaliah at Mizpah, as well as the Chaldean soldiers who were there. |
| 8 | Deuteronomy 4:48 | extending from Aroer on the rim of the Arnon Valley as far as Mount Siyon (that is, Hermon), |
| 9 | Judges 3:5 | Thus the Israelites continued to live among the Canaanites, Hittites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites. |
| 10 | Joshua 15:38 | Dilan, Mizpeh, Joktheel, |
Joshua 11:3 Summary
Joshua 11:3 talks about the different groups of people that the Israelites were to conquer in the Promised Land, including the Canaanites, Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, and Jebusites. This verse shows that God had a plan to give the Israelites the land, just like He promised in Genesis 12:7 and Exodus 23:31. The Israelites were to trust God and follow His instructions, just like we are to trust and follow Him today (Proverbs 3:5-6). By looking at this verse, we can see that God is a God of promise and fulfillment, and He wants us to trust Him with our lives.
Frequently Asked Questions
Who are the Canaanites mentioned in Joshua 11:3?
The Canaanites were a group of people who lived in the land that God had promised to the Israelites, as seen in Genesis 12:5-7 and Exodus 3:8. They were one of the many nations that the Israelites were to conquer and displace.
What is the significance of the location 'at the foot of Hermon in the land of Mizpah'?
The location 'at the foot of Hermon' refers to Mount Hermon, a significant mountain in the region, and 'the land of Mizpah' is likely a specific area near this mountain. This location is important because it shows the extent of the territories that the Israelites were to conquer, as promised in Deuteronomy 1:7.
Why are the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, and Jebusites mentioned specifically in this verse?
These nations are mentioned because they were some of the main groups of people living in the hill country, and they would have been a significant part of the opposition that the Israelites faced, as seen in Joshua 3:10 and Ezekiel 16:3.
How does this verse relate to the overall story of Joshua?
This verse is part of the larger narrative of Joshua, which tells the story of the Israelites' conquest of the Promised Land, as commanded by God in Deuteronomy 31:6-7 and Joshua 1:1-9. It shows the extent of the territories that the Israelites were to conquer and the various nations they would encounter.
Reflection Questions
- What can we learn from the way the Israelites were instructed to conquer the various nations in the Promised Land, and how can we apply this to our own lives?
- How does the mention of specific locations and nations in this verse help us understand the scope of God's plan for the Israelites?
- What role does faith play in the conquest of the Promised Land, and how can we trust God to guide us in our own challenges?
- How does the diversity of nations mentioned in this verse reflect the complexity of the world we live in today, and what can we learn from this about God's heart for all nations?
Gill's Exposition on Joshua 11:3
[And to] the Canaanites on the east and on the west,.... That is, that particular nation of the seven so called, part of which dwelt in the eastern part of the land, by the dead sea, and by the coast
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Joshua 11:3
And to the Canaanite on the east and on the west, and to the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, and the Jebusite in the mountains, and to the Hivite under Hermon in the land of Mizpeh.
Matthew Poole's Commentary on Joshua 11:3
The Canaanites properly so called lived part of them on the east near Jordan, and part on the west near the sea, and both are here united. The Hivite under Hermon; that dwelt under Mount Hermon in the north of Canaan, whereby they are differenced from those Hivites who lived in Gibeon; of which before. Mizpeh; that Mizpeh which was in the northern part of Gilead; of which . But there were other cities called by that name, which signifying a watching-place, might be easily applied to several places of good prospect. Besides this, there is one Mizpeh of Judah, ; another of Benjamin, ; a third in Moab, .
Trapp's Commentary on Joshua 11:3
Joshua 11:3 [And to] the Canaanite on the east and on the west, and [to] the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, and the Jebusite in the mountains, and [to] the Hivite under Hermon in the land of Mizpeh.Ver. 3. In the land of Mizpeh.] Not that Mizpeh of Judah, nor that of Benjamin, nor Mizpeh of Moab; but that of Gilead, mentioned in Genesis 31:49 Judges 10:3.
Ellicott's Commentary on Joshua 11:3
(3) The land of Mizpeh is thought to be the plain El-Bukei’a, west of Hermon.
Adam Clarke's Commentary on Joshua 11:3
Verse 3. The Canaanite on the east, c.] Those who dwelt on the borders of Jordan, south of the sea of Tiberias. On the west] Those were the Phoenicians who dwelt on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, from Dor northwards, on the way to Mount Libanus.-Calmet. The Hivite under Hermon] Mount Hermon was to the east of Libanus and the fountains of Jordan it is the same with Syrion and Baal Hermon in Scripture. The land of Mizpeh.] There were several cities of this name: one in the tribe of Judah, (Joshua 15:38); a second in the tribe of Benjamin, (Joshua 18:26); a third beyond Jordan, in the tribe of Gad; and a fourth beyond Jordan, in the tribe of Manasseh, which is that mentioned in the text. See Wells's Geography. Calmet supposes this Mizpeh to be the place where Laban and Jacob made their covenant, and from which circumstance it took its name. See Genesis 31:48-49.
Cambridge Bible on Joshua 11:3
3. and to the Canaanite] Not satisfied with summoning to his banner the tribes of the north, Jabin extended his “war-token” to the remnants of the defeated tribes of the south too; (a) the Canaanites, or “lowlanders” of the east and west; (b) the Amorites, or “highlanders” of the south; (c) the Hittites; (d) the Perizzites; (e) the Jebusites, from the still unconquered Jebus; (f) the Hivites under the snowy heights of Hermon, the most beautiful and conspicuous mountain in Palestine or Syria. For the distribution of these various nations see note above, ch. Joshua 3:10. in the land of Mizpeh] Mizpeh means “prospect” or “watch-tower.” It has the article here = “the Land of the Watch-Tower.” There were several places in Palestine bearing this name. This Mizpeh was probably in a plain stretching south-west at the foot of Hermon, where now is situated the village of Metullah, which also means “the look-out,” or “look-down,” perched on a hill 200 feet high, south of Lake Merom, and commanding a splendid view. This Mizpeh (= “Belle Vue” amongst ourselves) must not be confounded with the Mizpeh of Gilead (Joshua 13:26); nor with the Mizpeh of Judah (Joshua 15:38); nor yet with that of Moab (1 Samuel 22:3).
Barnes' Notes on Joshua 11:3
Hermon - See Deuteronomy 3:9 note. The land of Mizpeh - or Mizpah,” the land of the watch-tower” The locality is probably identified as a plain stretching at the foot of Hermon southwestward, from
Whedon's Commentary on Joshua 11:3
3. Amorite — See the note on Joshua 2:10. All the tribes here named were greatly intermingled. They seem to have had no fixed boundaries. The nations of the South, over whom the five kings ruled, are called Amorites. Joshua 10:5.