Joshua 19:35
Joshua 19:35 in Multiple Translations
The fortified cities were Ziddim, Zer, Hammath, Rakkath, Chinnereth,
And the fenced cities are Ziddim, Zer, and Hammath, Rakkath, and Chinnereth,
And the fortified cities were Ziddim, Zer, and Hammath, Rakkath, and Chinnereth,
And the walled towns are Ziddim, Zer, and Hammath, Rakkath, and Chinnereth
The fortified towns included: Ziddim, Zer, Hammath, Rakkath, Kinnereth,
And the strong cities are Ziddim, Zer, and Hammath, Rakkath, and Cinneereth,
and the cities of defence [are] Ziddim, Zer, and Hammath, Rakkath, and Chinnereth,
The fortified cities were Ziddim, Zer, Hammath, Rakkath, Chinnereth,
And the fortified cities are Ziddim, Zer, and Hammath, Rakkath, and Chinnereth,
And the strong cities are Assedim, Ser, and Emath, and Reccath and Cenereth,
Within their land were several cities with strong walls around them. They were Ziddim, Zer, Hammath, Rakkath, Kinnereth,
Berean Amplified Bible — Joshua 19:35
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
Joshua 19:35 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וְ/עָרֵ֖י
מִבְצָ֑ר
הַ/צִּדִּ֣ים
צֵ֔ר
וְ/חַמַּ֖ת
רַקַּ֥ת
וְ/כִנָּֽרֶת
וְ/עָרֵ֖י
ʻîyr
H5892
excitement
Conj | N-fp
מִבְצָ֑ר
mibtsâr
H4013
fortification
N-ms
הַ/צִּדִּ֣ים
Tsiddîym
H6661
Ziddim
Art | N-proper
צֵ֔ר
Tsêr
H6863
Zer
N-proper
וְ/חַמַּ֖ת
Chammath
H2575
Hammath
Conj | N-proper
רַקַּ֥ת
Raqqath
H7557
Rakkath
N-proper
וְ/כִנָּֽרֶת
Kinnᵉrôwth
H3672
Chinneroth
Conj | N-proper
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — Joshua 19:35
וְ/עָרֵ֖י
ʻîyr
H5892
"excitement"
Conj | N-fp
In the Bible, this word refers to a city or town, often a place with a wall or a watchman. It is used to describe a settlement or encampment, like the city of Ai, which is mentioned in the book of Joshua. The word is used to identify specific locations in the Bible.
Definition: 1) excitement, anguish 1a) of terror
Usage: Occurs in 936 OT verses. KJV: Ai (from margin), city, court (from margin), town. See also: Genesis 4:17; Deuteronomy 3:6; Joshua 14:12.
מִבְצָ֑ר
mibtsâr
H4013
"fortification"
N-ms
This word describes a strong, fortified place like a castle or a fenced city, providing protection and safety. It is used in the Bible to describe secure and defended locations.
Definition: fortification, fortress, fortified city, stronghold
Usage: Occurs in 37 OT verses. KJV: (de-, most) fenced, fortress, (most) strong (hold). See also: Numbers 13:19; Isaiah 34:13; Psalms 89:41.
הַ/צִּדִּ֣ים
Tsiddîym
H6661
"Ziddim"
Art | N-proper
Ziddim was a fortified town in ancient Palestine, located in the territory of Naphtali. Its name means the declivities, suggesting a town situated on a slope or hillside. It is mentioned in the book of Joshua.
Definition: § Ziddim = "the declivities" a fortified town in the territory of Naphtali
Usage: Occurs in 1 OT verses. KJV: Ziddim. See also: Joshua 19:35.
צֵ֔ר
Tsêr
H6863
"Zer"
N-proper
Zer was a fortified town in Naphtali, near the Sea of Galilee, with a name meaning flint. It is mentioned in the Bible as a place in the region of northern Israel, with a strong and sturdy name to match its fortifications.
Definition: § Zer = "flint" fortified town in Naphtali, probably in the area of the Sea of Galilee
Usage: Occurs in 1 OT verses. KJV: Zer. See also: Joshua 19:35.
וְ/חַמַּ֖ת
Chammath
H2575
"Hammath"
Conj | N-proper
Hammath is a place in Palestine, associated with the tribe of Judah. It is mentioned in 1 Chronicles as the home of the Rechab family, known for their devotion to God.
Definition: § Hammath = "hot spring" one of the fortified cities in the territory allotted to Naphtali
Usage: Occurs in 2 OT verses. KJV: Hammath. See also: Joshua 19:35; 1 Chronicles 2:55.
רַקַּ֥ת
Raqqath
H7557
"Rakkath"
N-proper
Rakkath is a place in the Bible, a fortified city located in the region of Naphtali. It is also known as Tiberias, a city later built nearby during the Roman era. The city is mentioned in the book of Joshua as part of the territory allocated to the tribe of Naphtali.
Definition: Rakkath = "shore" a fortified city in Naphtali Also named: Tiberias (Τιβεριάς "Tiberias" G5085H)
Usage: Occurs in 1 OT verses. KJV: Rakkath. See also: Joshua 19:35.
וְ/כִנָּֽרֶת
Kinnᵉrôwth
H3672
"Chinneroth"
Conj | N-proper
Chinneroth is a place in Palestine, near the Sea of Galilee, mentioned in the Bible as a town and district in Naphtali. It is also known as Chinnereth or Cinneroth, and is referred to in the book of Joshua. The name means harps.
Definition: § Chinneroth or Cinneroth or Chinnereth = "harps" a town and district in Naphtali near the Sea of Galilee
Usage: Occurs in 7 OT verses. KJV: Chinnereth, Chinneroth, Cinneroth. See also: Numbers 34:11; Joshua 12:3; 1 Kings 15:20.
Study Notes — Joshua 19:35
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- Joshua 19:35 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on Joshua 19:35
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Joshua 19:35
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on Joshua 19:35
- Ellicott's Commentary on Joshua 19:35
- Adam Clarke's Commentary on Joshua 19:35
- Cambridge Bible on Joshua 19:35
- Barnes' Notes on Joshua 19:35
- Whedon's Commentary on Joshua 19:35
Context — Naphtali’s Inheritance
33Their border started at Heleph and the great tree of Zaanannim, passing Adami-nekeb and Jabneel as far as Lakkum and ending at the Jordan.
34Then the border turned westward to Aznoth-tabor and ran from there to Hukkok, touching Zebulun on the south side, Asher on the west, and Judah at the Jordan on the east.
35The fortified cities were Ziddim, Zer, Hammath, Rakkath, Chinnereth,
36Adamah, Ramah, Hazor, 37Kedesh, Edrei, En-hazor,Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Joshua 11:2 | to the kings of the north in the mountains, in the Arabah south of Chinnereth, in the foothills, and in Naphoth-dor to the west; |
| 2 | 1 Kings 8:65 | So at that time Solomon and all Israel with him—a great assembly of people from Lebo-hamath to the Brook of Egypt—kept the feast before the LORD our God for seven days and seven more days—fourteen days in all. |
| 3 | Genesis 10:18 | the Arvadites, the Zemarites, and the Hamathites. Later the Canaanite clans were scattered, |
| 4 | Numbers 34:8 | and from Mount Hor to Lebo-hamath, then extend to Zedad, |
| 5 | Joshua 13:27 | and in the valley, Beth-haram, Beth-nimrah, Succoth, and Zaphon, with the rest of the kingdom of Sihon king of Heshbon (the territory on the east side of the Jordan up to the edge of the Sea of Chinnereth ). |
| 6 | Mark 6:53 | When they had crossed over, they landed at Gennesaret and moored the boat. |
| 7 | Numbers 13:21 | So they went up and spied out the land from the Wilderness of Zin as far as Rehob, toward Lebo-hamath. |
Joshua 19:35 Summary
This verse lists the fortified cities in the territory of Naphtali, which were given to the tribe of Naphtali as part of their inheritance in the Promised Land. These cities, including Ziddim, Zer, Hammath, Rakkath, and Chinnereth, were important for the protection and defense of the Israelites, as seen in other Bible verses like 1 Kings 8:1. Just like the Israelites needed these cities to be safe, we need to trust in God's protection and provision for our lives, as mentioned in Psalm 91:1-2. By looking at this verse and others like it, we can learn to trust in God's care for us and live with confidence and peace, just like the Israelites were able to do in their new home.
Frequently Asked Questions
What were the fortified cities in the territory of Naphtali?
According to Joshua 19:35, the fortified cities were Ziddim, Zer, Hammath, Rakkath, and Chinnereth, which were part of the territory given to the tribe of Naphtali, as outlined in the book of Joshua 19:32-39, and also referenced in Deuteronomy 33:23.
Why were fortified cities important in the Bible?
Fortified cities, like those mentioned in Joshua 19:35, were crucial for the protection and defense of the Israelites, as seen in the importance of Jerusalem in 1 Kings 8:1 and the walls of Jerusalem in Nehemiah 6:15-16.
What does the Bible say about the tribe of Naphtali?
The tribe of Naphtali, which was given the territory containing the fortified cities mentioned in Joshua 19:35, is also referenced in Genesis 30:8 and Deuteronomy 33:23, where it is blessed by Jacob and Moses respectively.
How does this verse relate to the rest of the book of Joshua?
Joshua 19:35 is part of the larger narrative of the book of Joshua, which describes the division of the Promised Land among the tribes of Israel, as commanded by God in Deuteronomy 1:7-8 and fulfilled in Joshua 21:43-45.
Reflection Questions
- What can we learn from the way God provided for the tribe of Naphtali through the fortified cities mentioned in this verse?
- How does the concept of fortified cities relate to our own spiritual lives and our need for protection and defense against spiritual enemies, as mentioned in Ephesians 6:10-18?
- What role do you think the fortified cities played in the daily lives of the people living in the territory of Naphtali, and how can we apply that to our own communities today?
- In what ways can we, like the Israelites, trust in God's provision and protection for our lives, as seen in Psalm 91:1-2 and Proverbs 18:10?
Gill's Exposition on Joshua 19:35
And the fenced cities [are] Ziddim,.... The later name of Ziddim, according to the Talmud (i), was Cepharchitiya, or the village of wheat, perhaps from the large quantity or goodness of wheat there;
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Joshua 19:35
And the fenced cities are Ziddim, Zer, and Hammath, Rakkath, and Chinnereth, Ziddim , [ ha-Tsidiym (H6661), the sides; instead of which the Septuagint, apparently reading ha-Tsudiym, render, 'these
Matthew Poole's Commentary on Joshua 19:35
Hammath, or, Hamath; of which see . Chinnereth; whence the lake of Chinnereth or Gennesaret received its name.
Ellicott's Commentary on Joshua 19:35
(35) The fenced cities.—Observe the protection of the northern border by fortresses. Ziddim (Hattin), Hammath (Hammβm Tabarξya), Rakkath (Tiberias), and Chinnereth (not identified, but giving a name to the Sea of Galilee, and therefore evidently close by), are all in sheet 6, near the lake. (36,37) Adamah (Ed-Dβmeh,?Daimah, sheet 6), Ramah (Rβmeh), Hazor (Hadξreh), Kedesh (Kades), Edrei (Y’ater), En-hazor (Hazireh), and Iron (Y’arum), are all in sheet 4, north of the above. The town of Hazor has been variously identified by previous writers, but Conder expresses no doubt as to its being Hadξreh, which certainly occupies a commanding position above a stream that flows into Lake Merom.
Adam Clarke's Commentary on Joshua 19:35
Verse 35. Chinnereth] See Clarke on Joshua 11:2.
Cambridge Bible on Joshua 19:35
35. And the fenced cities] Note the expression and the number of them in this locality. “It was no doubt good policy to protect the northern frontier by a belt of fortresses, as the south was protected by the fenced cities of Judah.” The Speaker’s Commentary in loc. Ziddim and Zer are unknown. Hammath] Afterwards a Levitical city, ch. Joshua 21:32, called Hammon in 1 Chronicles 6:76. The name comes from a root signifying “to be warm,” and hints at the hot springs which existed here. “At the southern extremity of the strip of level ground, on which the ancient city of Tiberias stood, are some warm fountains, which have a temperature of 144 Fahr. with an extremely salt and bitter taste, and a strong smell of sulphur. These fountains are mentioned by Pliny, ‘Ab Occidente Tiberiade aquis calidis salubri,’ and frequently by Josephus, under the name Ammaus = ‘Warm Baths.’ This is probably a Greek form of the Hebrew Hammath, a town of Naphtali.” Porter’s Handbook, ii. p. 423. Rakkath] (= “bank,” “shore”) is by the Rabbins identified with Tiberias. For Chinnereth see above, note on ch. Joshua 11:2.
Barnes' Notes on Joshua 19:35
The number of the fortified cities of Naphtali is remarkable, though it does not tally with the catalogue.
Whedon's Commentary on Joshua 19:35
35. Hammath — Not the Hamath of the north, (Joshua 13:5.) but doubtless the modern Hammam, or warm springs, which send up their hot and sulphurous waters on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee