Leviticus 19:10
Leviticus 19:10 in Multiple Translations
You must not strip your vineyard bare or gather its fallen grapes. Leave them for the poor and the foreigner. I am the LORD your God.
And thou shalt not glean thy vineyard, neither shalt thou gather every grape of thy vineyard; thou shalt leave them for the poor and stranger: I am the LORD your God.
And thou shalt not glean thy vineyard, neither shalt thou gather the fallen fruit of thy vineyard; thou shalt leave them for the poor and for the sojourner: I am Jehovah your God.
And do not take all the grapes from your vine-garden, or the fruit dropped on the earth; let the poor man, and the man from another country, have these: I am the Lord your God.
Don't take every last grape from your vineyard or pick up the ones that have fallen. Leave them for the poor people and foreigners. I am the Lord your God.
Thou shalt not gather the grapes of thy vineyarde cleane, neyther gather euery grape of thy vineyarde, but thou shalt leaue them for the poore and for the straunger: I am the Lord your God.
and thy vineyard thou dost not glean, even the omitted part of thy vineyard thou dost not gather, to the poor and to the sojourner thou dost leave them; I [am] Jehovah your God.
You shall not glean your vineyard, neither shall you gather the fallen grapes of your vineyard. You shall leave them for the poor and for the foreigner. I am the LORD your God.
And thou shalt not glean thy vineyard, neither shalt thou gather every grape of thy vineyard; thou shalt leave them for the poor and stranger: I am the LORD your God.
Neither shalt thou gather the bunches and grapes that fall down in thy vineyard, but shalt leave them to the poor and the strangers to take. I am the Lord your God.
And when you harvest your grapes, do not go back a second time to try to harvest some more, and do not pick up the grapes that have fallen on the ground. Leave those things for the poor people and for foreigners who are living among you. I, Yahweh your God, am commanding those things.
Berean Amplified Bible — Leviticus 19:10
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
Leviticus 19:10 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וְ/כַרְמְ/ךָ֙
לֹ֣א
תְעוֹלֵ֔ל
וּ/פֶ֥רֶט
כַּרְמְ/ךָ֖
לֹ֣א
תְלַקֵּ֑ט
לֶֽ/עָנִ֤י
וְ/לַ/גֵּר֙
תַּעֲזֹ֣ב
אֹתָ֔/ם
אֲנִ֖י
יְהוָ֥ה
אֱלֹהֵי/כֶֽם
וְ/כַרְמְ/ךָ֙
kerem
H3754
vineyard
Conj | N-cs | Suff
לֹ֣א
lôʼ
H3808
not
Part
תְעוֹלֵ֔ל
ʻâlal
H5953
to abuse
V-m-Imperf-2ms
וּ/פֶ֥רֶט
pereṭ
H6528
broken
Conj | N-ms
כַּרְמְ/ךָ֖
kerem
H3754
vineyard
N-cs | Suff
לֹ֣א
lôʼ
H3808
not
Part
תְלַקֵּ֑ט
lâqaṭ
H3950
to gather
V-Piel-Imperf-2ms
לֶֽ/עָנִ֤י
ʻânîy
H6041
afflicted
Prep | Adj
וְ/לַ/גֵּר֙
gêr
H1616
sojourner
Conj | Prep | N-ms
תַּעֲזֹ֣ב
ʻâzab
H5800
Forsaken
V-Qal-Imperf-2ms
אֹתָ֔/ם
ʼêth
H853
Obj.
DirObjM | Suff
אֲנִ֖י
ʼănîy
H589
I
Pron
יְהוָ֥ה
Yᵉhôvâh
H3068
The Lord
N-proper
אֱלֹהֵי/כֶֽם
ʼĕlôhîym
H430
God
N-mp | Suff
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — Leviticus 19:10
וְ/כַרְמְ/ךָ֙
kerem
H3754
"vineyard"
Conj | N-cs | Suff
A vineyard, or kerem, was a garden or plot of land used for growing vines and other crops. In the Bible, vineyards were often used as a symbol of prosperity and abundance, as seen in the book of Isaiah and the parables of Jesus.
Definition: vineyard
Usage: Occurs in 81 OT verses. KJV: vines, (increase of the) vineyard(-s), vintage. See also H1021 (בֵּית הַכֶּרֶם). See also: Genesis 9:20; Nehemiah 5:11; Psalms 107:37.
לֹ֣א
lôʼ
H3808
"not"
Part
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Definition: 1) not, no 1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition) 1b) not (with modifier-negation) 1c) nothing (subst) 1d) without (with particle) 1e) before (of time) Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)
Usage: Occurs in 3967 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] before, [phrase] or else, ere, [phrase] except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never, no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), ([idiom] as though...,(can-), for) not (out of), of nought, otherwise, out of, [phrase] surely, [phrase] as truly as, [phrase] of a truth, [phrase] verily, for want, [phrase] whether, without. See also: Genesis 2:5; Genesis 31:15; Exodus 4:9.
תְעוֹלֵ֔ל
ʻâlal
H5953
"to abuse"
V-m-Imperf-2ms
To thrust or push something is what this Hebrew word means, and it can also imply treating someone poorly. It is used in various ways in the Bible, including to describe abuse or mocking. The KJV translates it as abuse or mock.
Definition: 1) to act severely, deal with severely, make a fool of someone 1a) (Poel) to act severely 1b) (Poal) to be severely dealt with 1c) (Hithpael) to busy oneself, divert oneself, deal wantonly, deal ruthlessly, abuse (by thrusting through) 1d) (Hithpoel) to practise practices, thrust forth (in wickedness)
Usage: Occurs in 18 OT verses. KJV: abuse, affect, [idiom] child, defile, do, glean, mock, practise, thoroughly, work (wonderfully). See also: Exodus 10:2; Job 16:15; Psalms 141:4.
וּ/פֶ֥רֶט
pereṭ
H6528
"broken"
Conj | N-ms
This word refers to a single grape that has fallen off the vine, often used to describe something that is isolated or alone. In the Bible, it is used to describe a lone grape that has been left behind during harvest.
Definition: 1) the broken off, something scattered 1a) fallen grapes
Usage: Occurs in 1 OT verses. KJV: grape. See also: Leviticus 19:10.
כַּרְמְ/ךָ֖
kerem
H3754
"vineyard"
N-cs | Suff
A vineyard, or kerem, was a garden or plot of land used for growing vines and other crops. In the Bible, vineyards were often used as a symbol of prosperity and abundance, as seen in the book of Isaiah and the parables of Jesus.
Definition: vineyard
Usage: Occurs in 81 OT verses. KJV: vines, (increase of the) vineyard(-s), vintage. See also H1021 (בֵּית הַכֶּרֶם). See also: Genesis 9:20; Nehemiah 5:11; Psalms 107:37.
לֹ֣א
lôʼ
H3808
"not"
Part
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Definition: 1) not, no 1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition) 1b) not (with modifier-negation) 1c) nothing (subst) 1d) without (with particle) 1e) before (of time) Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)
Usage: Occurs in 3967 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] before, [phrase] or else, ere, [phrase] except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never, no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), ([idiom] as though...,(can-), for) not (out of), of nought, otherwise, out of, [phrase] surely, [phrase] as truly as, [phrase] of a truth, [phrase] verily, for want, [phrase] whether, without. See also: Genesis 2:5; Genesis 31:15; Exodus 4:9.
תְלַקֵּ֑ט
lâqaṭ
H3950
"to gather"
V-Piel-Imperf-2ms
This verb means to gather or pick up, like gleaning leftover crops in a field. It is used in various forms to describe collecting or gathering things.
Definition: 1) to pick up, gather, glean, gather up 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to pick up, gather 1a2) to glean 1b) (Piel) 1b1) to gather, gather up 1b2) to collect (money) 1b3) to glean 1c) (Pual) to be picked up 1d) (Hithpael) to collect oneself
Usage: Occurs in 34 OT verses. KJV: gather (up), glean. See also: Genesis 31:46; Ruth 2:2; Psalms 104:28.
לֶֽ/עָנִ֤י
ʻânîy
H6041
"afflicted"
Prep | Adj
This word describes someone who is depressed, humble, or weak, often due to difficult circumstances, as described in the Psalms and other biblical books.
Definition: 1) poor, afflicted, humble, wretched 1a) poor, needy 1b) poor and weak 1c) poor, weak, afflicted, wretched 1d) humble, lowly
Usage: Occurs in 77 OT verses. KJV: afflicted, humble, lowly, needy, poor. See also: Exodus 22:24; Psalms 88:16; Psalms 9:13.
וְ/לַ/גֵּר֙
gêr
H1616
"sojourner"
Conj | Prep | N-ms
A sojourner is a foreigner or temporary resident, lacking inherited rights, but often given concessions in Israel. This term appears in the Bible to describe outsiders living among God's people.
Definition: 1) sojourner 1a) a temporary inhabitant, a newcomer lacking inherited rights 1b) of foreigners in Israel, though conceded rights
Usage: Occurs in 83 OT verses. KJV: alien, sojourner, stranger. See also: Genesis 15:13; Deuteronomy 10:19; Psalms 39:13.
תַּעֲזֹ֣ב
ʻâzab
H5800
"Forsaken"
V-Qal-Imperf-2ms
Forsaken means to loosen or relinquish something, often implying abandonment. In the Bible, the word appears in Psalm 22:1, where David cries out to God, saying my God, why have you forsaken me. The term signifies a sense of desperation and isolation.
Definition: This name means to restore, repair Another name of ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)
Usage: Occurs in 206 OT verses. KJV: commit self, fail, forsake, fortify, help, leave (destitute, off), refuse, [idiom] surely. See also: Genesis 2:24; Nehemiah 5:10; Psalms 9:11.
אֹתָ֔/ם
ʼêth
H853
"Obj."
DirObjM | Suff
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Definition: sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
Usage: Occurs in 6782 OT verses. KJV: (as such unrepresented in English). See also: Genesis 1:1; Genesis 10:8; Genesis 19:21.
אֲנִ֖י
ʼănîy
H589
"I"
Pron
This Hebrew word is a simple way of saying 'I' or 'me', often used for emphasis. It is used by people like David in the Psalms to express their thoughts and feelings. The word is a basic part of the Hebrew language.
Definition: I (first pers. sing. -usually used for emphasis)
Usage: Occurs in 803 OT verses. KJV: I, (as for) me, mine, myself, we, [idiom] which, [idiom] who. See also: Genesis 6:17; Leviticus 19:36; 1 Samuel 25:24.
יְהוָ֥ה
Yᵉhôvâh
H3068
"The Lord"
N-proper
Yehovah is another name for God, often translated as 'the Lord'. It is a national name for God in the Jewish faith. This name is used throughout the Old Testament.
Definition: Another name of ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)
Usage: Occurs in 5522 OT verses. KJV: Jehovah, the Lord. Compare H3050 (יָהּ), H3069 (יְהֹוִה). See also: Genesis 2:4; Genesis 24:42; Exodus 8:8.
אֱלֹהֵי/כֶֽם
ʼĕlôhîym
H430
"God"
N-mp | Suff
The Hebrew word for God, elohim, refers to the one supreme God, and is sometimes used to show respect to judges or magistrates. It is also used to describe angels or mighty beings. This word is closely related to the name of the Lord, Yahweh, and is often translated as God or gods in the Bible.
Definition: This name means "gods" (plural intensive-singular meaning), "God" Another name of ye.ho.vah (יהוה "LORD" H3068G)
Usage: Occurs in 2246 OT verses. KJV: angels, [idiom] exceeding, God (gods) (-dess, -ly), [idiom] (very) great, judges, [idiom] mighty. See also: Genesis 1:1; Genesis 22:12; Exodus 3:11.
Study Notes — Leviticus 19:10
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- Leviticus 19:10 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on Leviticus 19:10
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Leviticus 19:10
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on Leviticus 19:10
- Trapp's Commentary on Leviticus 19:10
- Ellicott's Commentary on Leviticus 19:10
- Cambridge Bible on Leviticus 19:10
- Whedon's Commentary on Leviticus 19:10
- Sermons on Leviticus 19:10
Context — Love Your Neighbor
8Whoever eats it will bear his iniquity, for he has profaned what is holy to the LORD. That person must be cut off from his people.
9When you reap the harvest of your land, you are not to reap to the very edges of your field or gather the gleanings of your harvest.
10You must not strip your vineyard bare or gather its fallen grapes. Leave them for the poor and the foreigner. I am the LORD your God.
11You must not steal. You must not lie or deceive one another. 12You must not swear falsely by My name and so profane the name of your God. I am the LORD.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Isaiah 17:6 | Yet gleanings will remain, like an olive tree that has been beaten— two or three berries atop the tree, four or five on its fruitful branches,” declares the LORD, the God of Israel. |
| 2 | Leviticus 25:6 | Whatever the land yields during the Sabbath year shall be food for you—for yourself, your manservant and maidservant, the hired hand or foreigner who stays with you, |
| 3 | Isaiah 24:13 | So will it be on the earth and among the nations, like a harvested olive tree, like a gleaning after a grape harvest. |
| 4 | Judges 8:2 | But Gideon answered them, “Now what have I accomplished compared to you? Are not the gleanings of Ephraim better than the grape harvest of Abiezer? |
| 5 | Jeremiah 49:9 | If grape gatherers came to you, would they not leave some gleanings? Were thieves to come in the night, would they not steal only what they wanted? |
| 6 | Obadiah 1:5 | “If thieves came to you, if robbers by night— oh, how you will be ruined— would they not steal only what they wanted? If grape gatherers came to you, would they not leave some gleanings? |
| 7 | Micah 7:1 | Woe is me! For I am like one gathering summer fruit at the gleaning of the vineyard; there is no cluster to eat, no early fig that I crave. |
Leviticus 19:10 Summary
This verse is saying that when we harvest our crops, we should leave some behind for people who are poor or don't have a home, as a way of showing God's love and care for them. This is because God wants us to remember that everything we have belongs to Him, and we are to use it in a way that honors Him (Psalm 24:1). By leaving some of our harvest behind, we are trusting God to provide for us and showing that we value what He values - caring for the needy. This command is a reminder that our actions have consequences and that we are to love our neighbors as ourselves (Leviticus 19:18).
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the purpose of leaving grapes in the vineyard for the poor and foreigner?
The purpose is to show God's heart for the marginalized and to provide for those in need, as seen in Leviticus 19:10 and Deuteronomy 24:19-21, where a similar command is given for wheat and olive harvests.
Is this command only for Israelites or does it apply to Christians today?
While the specific command was given to the Israelites, the principle of caring for the poor and foreigner is still relevant for Christians today, as seen in Galatians 2:10, where the apostles encourage the church to remember the poor.
How does this command relate to the concept of private property?
This command does not negate the concept of private property, but rather encourages the owner to use their property in a way that honors God and benefits others, as seen in Exodus 20:17, where the command not to covet includes a recognition of God's sovereignty over all possessions.
What is the significance of God saying 'I am the LORD your God' at the end of this command?
This phrase serves as a reminder that God is the one who gives the commands and is the ultimate authority, and that obedience to this command is a matter of faithfulness to Him, as seen in Leviticus 19:2, where God introduces Himself as the Lord who sanctifies His people.
Reflection Questions
- What are some ways I can practically show care for the poor and foreigner in my community, just as the Israelites were commanded to do?
- How does this command challenge my own attitudes towards my possessions and resources?
- In what ways can I use my resources to bless others and bring glory to God?
- What does this command reveal about God's character and heart for the vulnerable?
Gill's Exposition on Leviticus 19:10
And thou shalt not glean thy vineyard,.... Or cut off the little clusters which are, as Aben Ezra observes, like an infant, as the word signifies, infant clusters, which were small in comparison of
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Leviticus 19:10
And when ye reap the harvest of your land, thou shalt not wholly reap the corners of thy field, neither shalt thou gather the gleanings of thy harvest. When ye reap the harvest of your land.
Matthew Poole's Commentary on Leviticus 19:10
Who gave you all these things with a reservation of my authority over you, and right in them, and with a charge of giving part of them to the poor.
Trapp's Commentary on Leviticus 19:10
Leviticus 19:10 And thou shalt not glean thy vineyard, neither shalt thou gather [every] grape of thy vineyard; thou shalt leave them for the poor and stranger: I [am] the LORD your God.Ver. 10. I am the Lord.] The chief owner of all thou hast. Your God.] Whom thou oughtest to honour with thy substance.
Ellicott's Commentary on Leviticus 19:10
(10) And thou shalt not glean thy vineyard.—In gathering in the vine care is to be taken only to cut off’ the large clusters, but not the infantas, as the expression literally denotes, which is here rendered by “glean.” Those branches or twigs which had only one or two grapes on them were to be left to the poor. Neither shalt thou gather every grape.—Better, Nor shalt thou gather the scattered grapes, that is, those single grapes which had either fallen to the ground during the process of cutting off the branches, or those which were scattered about the ground after the vintage was completed. Like the gleanings of the field these grapes were the portion of the poor both of Jewish origin and proselytes.
Cambridge Bible on Leviticus 19:10
9–11. Cp. Leviticus 23:22. The law of gleaning: a portion of the produce of the soil is to be left for the poor. A similar law is found in Deuteronomy 24:19-21. The word translated ‘the fallen fruit’ (‘every grape,’ A.V.) occurs only here in O.T., but is of common occurrence in Mishnaic Heb. to denote a particular object as distinguished from the general name of the class to which it belongs. The traditional interpretation is that the grapes were to be gathered in bunches, but a single grape was to be left, as well as those that fell to the ground during the gathering. The law is expressed in 2nd pers. sing. and in Leviticus 23:22.
Whedon's Commentary on Leviticus 19:10
10. Every grape — “The fallen fruit,” (R.V.) For the poor — As soon as the grape harvest had been carried to the vats, the owner was forbidden to glean the vineyard again.
Sermons on Leviticus 19:10
| Sermon | Description | |
|---|---|---|
|
Confiding Trust and Patient Submission by J.C. Philpot | J.C. Philpot preaches about the journey of a believer through afflictions, temptations, and darkness, highlighting the need for patient submission to God's righteous dealings. The |
|
Preparing the Way of the Lord in Our Church Life by Stewart Ruch | In this sermon, the speaker emphasizes the importance of recognizing that our lives are a loan from God. He encourages Christians to take regular breaks from the busyness of life a |
|
Where Do We Go to Eat? by David Wilkerson | David Wilkerson delivers a poignant message from Micah 7, addressing the spiritual famine affecting both ancient Israel and the modern church. He highlights the desperate cry of be |