Exodus 20:8 — Word Study
WLCזָכ֛וֹר֩ אֶת־ י֥֨וֹם הַשַּׁבָּ֖֜ת לְקַדְּשֽׁ֗וֹ׃
BSARememberzâkar [to recall, to mark] the Sabbathshabbâth [day of rest, seventh day] dayyôwm [a 24-hour period, a figurative space of time] by keeping it holyqâdash [to observe, to consecrate, the day, this time, set apart, sacred, devoted to God]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| זָכ֛וֹר֩ | remember | Verb, Qal, infinitive absolute |
| אֶת־ | the object marker | Particle |
| י֥֨וֹם | [the] day of | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| הַשַּׁבָּ֖֜ת | the sabbath | Particle, noun common feminine singular absolute |
| לְקַדְּשֽׁ֗וֹ׃ | to set apart as holy it | Preposition, verb piel infinitive construct common, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Remember the Sabbath day by keeping it holy. |
| KJV | Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy. |
| ASV | Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy. |
| YLT | 'Remember the Sabbath-day to sanctify it; |
| WEB | “Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. |
| BBE | Keep in memory the Sabbath and let it be a holy day. |
There are no notable differences in how translations render this verse.
The sentence has a main verb and a prepositional phrase that elaborates on the action of the verb.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbזָכַר
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Exodus 20:8
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Fourth Commandmentgenerated
Exodus 20:8 is part of the Ten Commandments, where God instructs the Israelites to remember the Sabbath day. This command emphasizes the importance of rest and spiritual reflection, as seen in the surrounding verses that outline the nature of work and rest in the life of the community. The Sabbath serves as a reminder of God's creation and His covenant with His people, highlighting the need for periodic rest from labor.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Exodus 16:23–30 | He told them, “This is what the LORD has said: ‘Tomorrow is to be a day of complete rest, a holy Sabbath to the LORD. So bake what you want to bake, and boil what you want to boil. Then set aside whatever remains and keep it until morning.’” |
| 2 | Exodus 31:13–14 | “Tell the Israelites, ‘Surely you must keep My Sabbaths, for this will be a sign between Me and you for the generations to come, so that you may know that I am the LORD who sanctifies you. |
| 3 | Genesis 2:3 | Then God blessed the seventh day and sanctified it, because on that day He rested from all the work of creation that He had accomplished. |
| 4 | Leviticus 19:3 | Each of you must respect his mother and father, and you must keep My Sabbaths. I am the LORD your God. |
| 5 | Leviticus 23:3 | For six days work may be done, but the seventh day is a Sabbath of complete rest, a day of sacred assembly. You must not do any work; wherever you live, it is a Sabbath to the LORD. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 6 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — זָכַר, za.Khorgenerated
The verb זָכַר (zakar) is an infinitive absolute in the Qal stem, indicating a simple action of remembering or recalling. It implies a recognition that goes beyond mere memory, often associated with honoring or marking significant events or days.
In this context, it calls the Israelites to actively remember the Sabbath, which is not just a passive recollection but an engagement with the day that sets it apart as holy. This word is foundational in understanding the importance of the Sabbath in the life of the community.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The verse is rendered similarly across translations, with all versions emphasizing the command to remember the Sabbath and keep it holy.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb זָכַר governs the entire verse, with a noun phrase indicating the object of remembrance, followed by a prepositional phrase describing how to keep it holy. The structure emphasizes the action of remembering as central to the command.
The Hebrew word order places the verb first, highlighting the imperative nature of the command. The subsequent phrases elaborate on what is to be remembered and how it is to be observed.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates זָכַר as μνήσθητι (mnēstheti), which carries a similar meaning of remembering. This choice reflects a consistent understanding of the importance of memory in relation to sacred observance.
The use of this Greek term indicates an emphasis on the active nature of remembrance, aligning with the Hebrew intent to engage the community in the observance of the Sabbath.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Exodus 20:8 instructs the Israelites to remember the Sabbath day and keep it holy. This command emphasizes the importance of resting and dedicating time to God, reflecting on the significance of the Sabbath in their lives.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
To remember the Sabbath means to actively observe and honor the day set apart for rest and worship, reflecting on its significance in the covenant between God and His people.
The Sabbath is important as it serves as a reminder of God's creation and His command to rest, allowing for spiritual renewal and reflection.
Keeping the Sabbath holy involves refraining from work and dedicating the day to worship, rest, and reflection on God's goodness.
While the command was given to the Israelites, the principles of rest and worship can be applied to all believers as a time for spiritual renewal.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways can I incorporate rest and reflection into my weekly routine?
- How can I actively remember the significance of the Sabbath in my life?
- What practices can I adopt to keep the Sabbath holy?
- How does observing the Sabbath impact my relationship with God and others?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early Church Fathers, such as Augustine, reference this commandment to discuss the spiritual significance of the Sabbath and its observance.
The third commandment: “Remember the sabbath day to sanctify it.” This third commandment imposes a regular periodical holiday—quietness of heart, tranquility of mind, the product of a good conscience.Early Church Fathers on Exodus 20 →
We are not ordered to keep the sabbath day by a literal corporal abstinence from work, as the Jews observe it—and, indeed, that observance of theirs, because it is so commanded,Early Church Fathers on Exodus 20 →
But the rite of the sabbath was taught to our ancient fathers which we Christians observe spiritually so that we abstain from all servile work, that is, from all sin (for the Lord says, “Everyone who commits a sin is a slave of sin”),Early Church Fathers on Exodus 20 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Exodus 20:8 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleRemember the sabbath day, to keep it holy. By abstaining from all servile work and business, and from all pleasures and recreations lawful on other days, and by spending it in religious exercises, both internal and external.
Read John Gill on Exodus 20 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryRemember the sabbath day, to keep it holy. Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy.
Read Robert Jamieson on Exodus 20 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleThis word remember is here very emphatical; and, 1. It reminds us of a former delivery of the substance of this command, to wit, . 2. It insinuates the great necessity of consideration and preparation for the sabbath before it comes, 3. It shows the singular importance of this command, which is therefore placed in the heart and centre of the rest, to show that the religious observation of this is the best way to secure our obedience to all the rest, and that the neglect of this will bring in the violation of all the other, as common experience shows. To keep it holy, i.e. to use it holily, by a careful abstinence from servile works or worldly business, and by a diligent employing of the day…
Read Matthew Poole on Exodus 20 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsExodus 20:8 Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy.Ver. 8. Remember the Sabbath day.] He saith not, The seventh day from the creation, but the day of religious rest; such is now our Christian Sabbath, called a "Sabbath day" by our Saviour, who is "Lord of this Sabbath," called therefore the Lord’ s day, as one of our sacraments is called "the Lord’ s supper," and "the table of the Lord," because instituted by him. Pope Sylvester presumed to alter the Christian Sabbath, decreeing that Thursday should be kept through the whole year; because on that day Christ ascended, and on that instituted the blessed sacrament of his body and blood. And generally Papists press the sanctification of the…
Read John Trapp on Exodus 20 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(8) Remember the sabbath day.—It is pertinent to remark that this command is introduced differently from any other by the word “remember.” But we cannot, therefore, conclude that the Sabbath was a primitive institution, which the Israelites were bound to have held in perpetual remembrance, since the reference may be merely to the injunction recently given in connection with the gathering of the manna. (Exodus 16:23). The Sabbath had certainly been at that time solemnly instituted, if no earlier. (See Note on. Exodus 16:25.) To keep it holy.—It had been already noted that the rest of the Sabbath was to be a “holy rest” (Exodus 16:23); but it is not quite clear what was intended by this. For…
Read Charles John Ellicott on Exodus 20 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleTHE FOURTH COMMANDMENT Against profanation of the Sabbath, and idleness on the other days of the week. Verse 8. Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy.] See what has been already said on this precept, Genesis 2:2, and elsewhere. See Clarke on Genesis 2:2. As this was the most ancient institution, God calls them to remember it; as if he had said, Do not forget that when I had finished my creation I instituted the Sabbath, and remember why I did so, and for what purposes. The word שבת shabbath signifies rest or cessation from labour; and the sanctification of the seventh day is commanded, as having something representative in it; and so indeed it has, for it typifies the rest which remains…
Read AdamClarke on Exodus 20 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges8–11. The fourth commandment. The observance of the Sabbath.
Read Cambridge on Exodus 20 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the BibleTHE FOURTH , Exodus 20:8-11. 8. Remember the sabbath day — The word remember here cannot properly be pressed to mean the recalling it to mind, as if something old, and, for that reason, liable to be forgotten.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Exodus 20 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Remember the Sabbath day by keeping it holy.
“Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy.
Remember the Sabbath day by keeping it holy.
“Remember the Sabbath day to set it apart as holy.
Tyndale line
Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy.
Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy.
Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy.
Remember the sabbath-day to keep it holy.
Remember the Sabbath day, to keepe it holy.
Strictly literal
Remember the sabbath day to hallow it.
'Remember the Sabbath-day to sanctify it;
Remember the Sabbath day to sanctify it;
Remember the sabbath day to keep it holy.
Remember the Sabbath day, to set it apart to me.
From the Latin
Remember that thou keep holy the sabbath day.
Simplified
Remember the Sabbath day to keep it holy.
Keep in memory the Sabbath and let it be a holy day.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text presents the verse as זָכ֛וֹר֩ אֶת־ י֥֨וֹם הַשַּׁבָּ֖֜ת לְקַדְּשֽׁ֗וֹ, while the Septuagint has a different word order and structure. The Samaritan Pentateuch differs in two words: it uses שׁמור (keep) and קדשׁהו (be holy). The Dead Sea Scrolls provide a partial text that has been restored by an editor.
זָכ֛וֹר֩ אֶת־ י֥֨וֹם הַשַּׁבָּ֖֜ת לְקַדְּשֽׁ֗וֹ׃
3 of the 5 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
שׁמור את יום השׁבת לקדשׁהו
2 words differ from the Masoretic Text: שׁמור (keep), קדשׁהו (be holy)
[זכור] [את] [יום] [השבת] [לקדש׳ו]
nothing on the leather here — 5 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Exodus 20:8
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word זָכַר (zakar) means 'to remember' and is built from a primitive root implying recognition. It covers a range of meanings, including recalling thoughts, commemorating days, and causing others to remember. The entries also note its use in various grammatical forms, such as being remembered or making a memorial.
זָכַר vb. remember
Qal
Human subj.
remember, recall, call to mind, usu. as affecting present feeling, thought or action
remember persons (human subj.)
remember י׳
remember
think of or on, call to mind something present or future
remember a day, to observe, commemorate it
remember, with implied mention of, obj.
Subj. י׳ (אלהִם)
remember persons
remember the distress of his servants
their devotion
remember his own covenant (with them)
his mercy
extenuating circumstances
remember sins, idolatries
Niph.
be brought to remembrance, remembered, thought of, usu. c. neg.
neg. be not remembered = no longer exist, of name of Israel, as nation
be remembered, of particular days, in order to be observed, commemorated
Hiph.
cause to remember, remind
cause to be remembered, keep in remembrance
mention
record, only pt.
of sacrifice, make a memorial
base
H2142 זָכַר remember .. Human subj. . remember, recall, call to mind, usu. as affecting present feeling, thought or action
. remember persons (human subj.)
. remember י׳
. remember
. think of or on, call to mind something present or future
. remember a day, to observe, commemorate it
. remember, with implied mention of, obj.
. Subj. י׳ (אלהִם) . remember persons
. . remember the distress of his servants
. their devotion
. . remember his own covenant (with them)
. his mercy
. extenuating circumstances
. remember sins, idolatries
. . be brought to remembrance, remembered, thought of, usu. c. neg.
. neg. be not remembered = no longer exist, of name of Israel, as nation
. be remembered, of particular days, in order to be observed, commemorated
. . cause to remember, remind
. cause to be remembered, keep in remembrance
. mention
. record, only pt.
. of sacrifice, make a memorial
2142 zakar zaw-kar'
a primitive root; properly, to mark (so as to be recognized),
i.e. to remember; by implication, to mention; also (as
denominative from 2145) to be male:--X burn (incense), X
earnestly, be male, (make) mention (of), be mindful, recount,
record(-er), remember, make to be remembered, bring (call,
come, keep, put) to (in) remembrance, X still, think on, X
well.
see HEBREW for 02145
זָכַר (za.khar) — to remember.
1) to remember, recall, call to mind
1a) (Qal) to remember, recall
1b) (Niphal) to be brought to remembrance, be remembered, be thought of, be brought to mind
1c) (Hiphil)
1c1) to cause to remember, remind
1c2) to cause to be remembered, keep in remembrance
1c3) to mention
1c4) to record
1c5) to make a memorial, make remembrance
V-Qal-Ptc — Verb · Qal · infinitive absoluteHVqaa
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HTo — ParticleHTo
יוֹם (yowm) means 'day' and refers to a division of time, contrasting with night. It can denote a literal 24-hour period, a general time span, or even a year. The term is used in various contexts, including the 'day of Yahweh,' which signifies a time of divine judgment. It also appears in phrases indicating temporal references like today, yesterday, and tomorrow.
יוֹם 2285 n.m. day
day, opp. night
Day as division of time
יוֹם י׳ day of Yahweh, chiefly as time of his coming in judgment, involving often blessedness for righteous
Pl. days of anyone
Days
יוֹם = time
Phrases
base
H3117 יוֹם day . day, opp. night
. Day as division of time
. יוֹם י׳ day of Yahweh, chiefly as time of his coming in judgment, involving often blessedness for righteous
. Pl. days of anyone
. Days
. יוֹם = time
. Phrases
3117 yowm yome
from an unused root meaning to be hot; a day (as the warm
hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one
sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by
an associated term), (often used adverb):--age, + always, +
chronicals, continually(-ance), daily, ((birth-), each, to)
day, (now a, two) days (agone), + elder, X end, + evening, +
(for) ever(-lasting, -more), X full, life, as (so) long as
(... live), (even) now, + old, + outlived, + perpetually,
presently, + remaineth, X required, season, X since, space,
then, (process of) time, + as at other times, + in trouble,
weather, (as) when, (a, the, within a) while (that), X whole
(+ age), (full) year(-ly), + younger.
יוֹם (yom) — day.
: day/when/time/period
1) day, time, year
1a) day (as opposed to night)
1b) day (24 hour period)
1b1) as defined by evening and morning in Genesis 1
1b2) as a division of time
1b2a) a working day, a day's journey
1c) days, lifetime (pl.)
1d) time, period (general)
1e) year
1f) temporal references
1f1) today
1f2) yesterday
1f3) tomorrow
יוֹם (yom) — day: old.
: old/(full/many)[days]
1) day, time, year
1a) day (as opposed to night)
1b) day (24 hour period)
1b1) as defined by evening and morning in Genesis 1
1b2) as a division of time
1b2a) a working day, a day's journey
1c) days, lifetime (pl.)
1d) time, period (general)
1e) year
1f) temporal references
1f1) today
1f2) yesterday
1f3) tomorrow
יוֹם (yom) — day: year.
: year[of_days]
1) day, time, year
1a) day (as opposed to night)
1b) day (24 hour period)
1b1) as defined by evening and morning in Genesis 1
1b2) as a division of time
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
שַׁבָּת (shabbath) refers to the Sabbath, a day of rest observed weekly, as well as the Day of Atonement and the sabbath year. It may also denote a week or the produce that grows during the sabbath year. The word is derived from a root meaning 'intermission.'
שַׁבָּת 111 n.f. and m. Sabbath
sabbath
day of atonement
sabbath year
= week (?)
= produce in sabbath year (growing of itself)
base
H7676 שַׁבָּת Sabbath . sabbath
. day of atonement
. sabbath year
. = week (?)
. = produce in sabbath year (growing of itself)
7676 shabbath shab-bawth'
intensive from 7673; intermission, i.e (specifically) the
Sabbath:--(+ every) sabbath.
see HEBREW for 07673
שַׁבָּת (shab.bat) — Sabbath.
Sabbath
1a) sabbath
1b) day of atonement
1c) sabbath year
1d) week
1e) produce (in sabbath year)
Art | N-cs — Particle · noun common feminine singular absoluteHTd/Ncfsa
sab'-ath (shabbath, shabbathon; sabbaton, ta sabbata; the root shabhath in Hebrew means "to desist," "cease," "rest"):
I. ORIGIN OF THE SABBATH
1. The Biblical Account
2. Critical Theories
II. HISTORY OF THE SABBATH AFTER MOSES
1. In the Old Testament
2. In the Inter-Testamental Period
3. Jesus and the Sabbath
4. Paul and the Sabbath
LITERATURE
The Sabbath was the day on which man was to leave off his secular labors and keep a day holy to Yahweh.
I. Origin of the Sabbath.
1. The Biblical Account:
The sketch of creation in Ge 1:1-2:3 closes with an impressive account of the hallowing of the 7th day, because on it God rested from all the work which He had made creatively. The word "Sabbath" does not occur in the story; but it is recognized by critics of every school that the author (P) means to describe the Sabbath as primeval. In
Sabbath
(Heb. verb shabbath, meaning “to rest from labour”), the day of rest. It is first mentioned as having been instituted in Paradise, when man was in innocence (Gen. 2:2). “The sabbath was made for man,” as a day of rest and refreshment for the body and of blessing to the soul.
It is next referred to in connection with the gift of manna to the children of Israel in the wilderness (Ex. 16:23); and afterwards, when the law was given from Sinai (20:11), the people were solemnly charged to “remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy.” Thus it is spoken of as an institution already existing.
In the Mosaic law strict regulations were laid down regarding its observance (Ex. 35:2, 3;
(shabbath), "a day of rest," from shabath "to cease to do to," "to rest"). The name is applied to divers great festivals, but principally and usually to the seventh day of the week, the strict observance of which is enforced not merely in the general Mosaic code, but in the Decalogue itself. The consecration of the Sabbath was coeval with the creation. The first scriptural notice of it, though it is not mentioned by name, is to be found in (Genesis 2:3) at the close of the record of the six-days creation. There are not wanting indirect evidences of its observance, as the intervals between Noah’s sending forth the birds out of the ark, an act naturally associated with the weekly service, (Genesis 8:7-12) and in the week of a wedding celebration, (
Rest. God having created the world in six days, "rested" on the seventh, Ge 2:2,3; that is, he ceased from producing new beings in this creation; and because he had rested on it, he "blessed" or sanctified it, and appointed it in a peculiar manner for his worship.
We here have an account of the ORIGINAL INSTITUTION of the day of rest. Like the institution of marriage, it was given to man for the whole race. Those who worshipped God seem to have kept the Sabbath from the first, and there are tokens of this in the brief sketch the Bible contains of the ages before the giving of the law at Mount Sinai. Noah sent forth the raven from the ark, and the dove thrice, at intervals of seven days, Ge 8:1-22. The account of the sending of manna in the desert proves that the Sabbath was already…
The Hebrew word קָדַשׁ (qadash) is a verb meaning to consecrate or set apart as sacred. It encompasses various actions such as being hallowed, treated as sacred, or dedicated, and can refer to both people and things. The entries detail its use in different forms, including Qal, Niphal, Piel, Pual, Hiphil, and Hithpael, indicating a range of meanings from purification to separation from the unclean.
קָדַשׁ vb. denom. be set apart, consecrated
Qal
be set apart, consecrated, hallowed
be hallowed, by contact with sacred things, and so tabooed from profane use, or forfeited to sancturay
consecrated, tabooed (supr.)
Niph.
shew oneself sacred, majestic
be honored or treated as sacred
be consecrated, dedicated
Pi.
set apart as sacred, consecrate, dedicate
observe as holy, keep sacred
honor as sacred, hallow
consecrate by purification
Pu. consecrated, dedicated
Hiph.
set apart, consecrate
regard or treat, as sacred, hallowed
consecrate by purification
Hithp.
keep oneself apart from unclean things
of God, cause himself to be hallowed
be observed as holy
consecrate oneself by purification, of priests and Levites
base
H6942 קָדַשׁ vb. denom. be set apart, consecrated .. be set apart, consecrated, hallowed
. be hallowed, by contact with sacred things, and so tabooed from profane use, or forfeited to sancturay
. consecrated, tabooed (supr.)
. . shew oneself sacred, majestic
. be honored or treated as sacred
. be consecrated, dedicated
. . set apart as sacred, consecrate, dedicate
. observe as holy, keep sacred
. honor as sacred, hallow
. consecrate by purification
. consecrated, dedicated
. . set apart, consecrate
. regard or treat, as sacred, hallowed
. consecrate by purification
. . keep oneself apart from unclean things
. of God, cause himself to be hallowed
. be observed as holy
. consecrate oneself by purification, of priests and Levites
6942 qadash kaw-dash'
a primitive root; to be (causatively, make, pronounce or
observe as) clean (ceremonially or morally):--appoint, bid,
consecrate, dedicate, defile, hallow, (be, keep) holy(-er,
place), keep, prepare, proclaim, purify, sanctify(-ied one,
self), X wholly.
קָדַשׁ (qa.dash) — to consecrate: consecate.
: consecate/sanctify
1) to consecrate, sanctify, prepare, dedicate, be hallowed, be holy, be sanctified, be separate
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be set apart, be consecrated
1a2) to be hallowed
1a3) consecrated, tabooed
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to show oneself sacred or majestic
1b2) to be honoured, be treated as sacred
1b3) to be holy
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to set apart as sacred, consecrate, dedicate
1c2) to observe as holy, keep sacred
1c3) to honour as sacred, hallow
1c4) to consecrate
1d) (Pual)
1d1) to be consecrated
1d2) consecrated, dedicated
1e) (Hiphil)
1e1) to set apart, devote, consecrate
1e2) to regard or treat as sacred or hallow
1e3) to consecrate
1f) (Hithpael)
1f1) to keep oneself apart or separate
1f2) to cause Himself to be hallowed (of God)
1f3) to be observed as holy
1f4) to consecrate oneself
קָדַשׁ (qa.dash) — to consecrate: dedicate.
: dedicate
Prep | V-Piel-Inf-a | Suff — Preposition · verb piel infinitive construct common · suffixHR/Vpcc/Sp3ms