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Ezekiel 34:21 — Word Study

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WLCיַ֗עַן בְּצַ֤ד וּבְכָתֵף֙ תֶּהְדֹּ֔פוּ וּבְקַרְנֵיכֶ֥ם תְּנַגְּח֖וּ כָּל־ הַנַּחְל֑וֹת עַ֣ד אֲשֶׁ֧ר הֲפִיצוֹתֶ֛ם אוֹתָ֖נָה אֶל־ הַחֽוּצָה׃

BSASinceyaʻan you shoveHâdaph [push with force] with flanktsad [side, with your full body] and shoulderkâthêph [upper arm, where garments hang] buttingnâgach [goring, pushing with horns] allkôl the weak oneschâlâh [diseased, frail] with your hornsqeren [a horn; a hill or peak] untilʻad you have scatteredpûwts [dispersed, driven away] themʼêth abroadchûwts [to the outside, into distant lands]

Word
Listen & take awayEzekiel 34
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 21 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (ha.Chu.tzah) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Ezekiel 34:21quick helps
In a sentenceThe Lord condemns the shepherds for their harsh treatment of the weak sheep.
Who is speakingThe Lord God, addressing the leaders of Israel.
Where we areIn a prophetic message about the responsibilities of leaders.
The hard wordתֶּהְדֹּ֔פוּ
Take awayThe leaders are held accountable for their actions against the vulnerable.
4 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Trapp, Whedon & more — read them › clause verbהָדַף The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Ezekiel 34:21

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — The Judgment of the Shepherdsgenerated

20Therefore this is what the Lord GOD says to them: ‘Behold, I Myself will judge between the fat sheep and the lean sheep.
21Since you shove with flank and shoulder, butting all the weak ones with your horns until you have scattered them abroad,
22I will save My flock, and they will no longer be prey. I will judge between one sheep and another.
23I will appoint over them one shepherd, My servant David, and he will feed them. He will feed them and be their shepherd.

Ezekiel 34:21 presents a strong condemnation of the shepherds of Israel, who are accused of mistreating the weak and vulnerable among their flock. The passage highlights the Lord's intention to judge these leaders for their actions and to protect His people. This verse is part of a larger discourse where God expresses His dissatisfaction with the leaders who exploit their positions instead of caring for those they are meant to guide.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Ezekiel 34:3–5You eat the fat, wear the wool, and butcher the fattened sheep, but you do not feed the flock.
2Daniel 8:3–10Then I lifted up my eyes and saw a ram with two horns standing beside the canal. The horns were long, but one was longer than the other, and the longer one grew up later.
3Zechariah 11:5–16whose buyers slaughter them without remorse. Those who sell them say, ‘Blessed be the LORD, for I am rich!’ Even their own shepherds have no compassion on them.
4Luke 13:14–16But the synagogue leader was indignant that Jesus had healed on the Sabbath. “There are six days for work,” he told the crowd. “So come and be healed on those days and not on the Sabbath.”

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 4 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word תֶּהְדֹּ֔פוּ, teh.Do.fugenerated

The verb הָדַף (Hadaph) means to push or thrust, indicating a forceful action. In this context, it describes the aggressive behavior of the shepherds towards the weak sheep, emphasizing their lack of compassion and care.

The imperfect form used here shows that this action is ongoing or habitual, illustrating a pattern of behavior rather than a single event. The leaders are not just occasionally harsh; they consistently push and shove, indicating a serious failure in their duty.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

The verse is rendered in the Berean Standard Bible as 'Since you shove with flank and shoulder, butting all the weak ones with your horns until you have scattered them abroad.' This wording is consistent across several translations, including the KJV and ASV.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The main verb תֶּהְדֹּ֔פוּ (you push) governs the structure of the verse, with several phrases detailing how the action is carried out. The sentence begins with the conjunction יַעַן (because), establishing the reason for the Lord's judgment.

The phrases that follow detail the means of the shepherds' aggression: 'with flank and shoulder' and 'with your horns,' which emphasize the physicality of their actions.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

In the Septuagint, the verb הָדַף is rendered as διωθεῖσθε, which suggests a sense of being driven out or expelled. This choice indicates a focus on the consequences of the shepherds' actions, highlighting not just the act of pushing but also the resulting scattering of the sheep.

This translation choice emphasizes the severity of the shepherds' behavior, suggesting that their actions lead to the expulsion of the weak from the fold.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Ezekiel 34:21 describes how the leaders of Israel have mistreated the weak sheep by pushing and goring them with their horns. This verse emphasizes the Lord's judgment against these shepherds for their harsh and aggressive behavior.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean to shove with flank and shoulder?

It refers to the aggressive and forceful actions of the shepherds towards the weak sheep, indicating a lack of care.

Why is the Lord judging the shepherds?

The Lord is holding the shepherds accountable for their mistreatment of the vulnerable sheep under their care.

What does the term 'weak ones' refer to?

It refers to the frail or diseased sheep that are unable to defend themselves against the stronger ones.

What is the significance of scattering the sheep?

Scattering the sheep symbolizes the negative consequences of the shepherds' actions, leading to the vulnerability and loss of the flock.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. How can leaders today ensure they are caring for the vulnerable in their communities?
  2. In what ways might I be unintentionally pushing others away instead of supporting them?
  3. What responsibilities do I have towards those who are weaker or in need?
  4. How can I recognize and change harmful patterns in my own behavior?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

Early commentary on this verse reflects on the responsibilities of leaders and the consequences of their actions, as seen in the quotation from Augustine of Hippo.

Augustine of HippoSERMON 47:16 354–430
If we lament the many sheep that are straying outside, woe to those whose shoulders and sides and horns have brought it about. It is only strong sheep who would do this. Who are the strong? Those who rely on their own righteousness.
Early Church Fathers on Ezekiel 34 →

Commentators on this verse — 4 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Ezekiel 34:21 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Because ye have thrust with side and with shoulder,.... As the stronger cattle do the lesser: and pushed all the diseased with your horns; as horned cattle do those they dislike, and bear an

Read John Gill on Ezekiel 34 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

Because ye have thrust with side and with shoulder, and pushed all the diseased with your horns, till ye have scattered them abroad; Because ye have thrust ... with your horns, until ye have

Read Robert Jamieson on Ezekiel 34 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Ezekiel 34:21 Because ye have thrust with side and with shoulder, and pushed all the diseased with your horns, till ye have scattered them abroad;Ver. 21. Because ye have thrust with side and with shoulder,] i.e., With pretence of law on your side, and with power in your hand to do what you list; for who can withstand you? And pushed all the diseased with your horns,] i.e., With your excommunications and persecutions. See Isaiah 66:5. Till ye have scattered them abroad.] For how should they abide it? They drive them out of the fold, flock, pasture, so that they must either fly or die. Toto corpore et conatu.

Read John Trapp on Ezekiel 34 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

17-22. The divine Shepherd will not permit the strong, proud rams and the fat he goats (the priests, the prophets, and the rulers) to drive away or take advantage of their weaker companions.

Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Ezekiel 34 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

Since you shove with flank and shoulder, butting all the weak ones with your horns until you have scattered them abroad,

WEBWorld English Bible2000

Because you thrust with side and with shoulder, and push all the diseased with your horns, until you have scattered them abroad,

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

Since you shove with flank and shoulder, butting all the weak ones with your horns until you have scattered them abroad,

NETBNew English Translation2006

Because you push with your side and your shoulder, and thrust your horns at all the weak sheep until you scatter them abroad,

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

Because ye have thrust with side and with shoulder, and pushed all the diseased with your horns, till ye have scattered them abroad;

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

Because ye thrust with side and with shoulder, and push all the diseased with your horns, till ye have scattered them abroad;

RVARevised Version, American1894

Because ye thrust with side and with shoulder, and push all the diseased with your horns, till ye have scattered them abroad;

NWBWebster's Bible1833

Because ye have thrust with side and with shoulder, and pushed all the diseased with your horns, till ye have scattered them abroad;

GNVGeneva Bible1599

Because ye haue thrust with side and with shoulder, and pusht al the weake with your hornes, till ye haue scattered them abroade,

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

Because ye thrust with side and with shoulder, and push all the weak ones with your horns, till ye have scattered them abroad,

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

Because with side and with shoulder ye thrust away, And with your horns push all the diseased, Till ye have scattered them to the out-place,

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

Because you thrust away with side and with shoulder, || And push all the diseased with your horns, || Until you have scattered them to the out-place,

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

Because ye thrust with side and with shoulder, and push with your horns all the diseased, till ye have scattered them abroad:

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

for you have pushed them with your sides and shoulders, and you have gored all of the weak ones with your horns until you have scattered them away from the land.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

Because you thrusted with sides and shoulders, and struck all the weak cattle with your horns, till they were scattered abroad:

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

Since you push others around with your sides and your shoulders, and use your horns to attack all the weak ones until you have chased them away,

BBEBible in Basic English1949

Because you have been pushing with side and leg, pushing the diseased with your horns till they were sent away in every direction;

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clauseיַ֗עַןbecauseclauseclauseprepositional phrase · prepositionalprepositional phraseבְּwithצַ֤דsideוּandprepositional phraseבְwithכָתֵף֙shoulderverbתֶּהְדֹּ֔פוּyou.pushוּandclauseprepositional phrase · prepositionalבְwithnoun phraseקַרְנֵיhornsכֶ֥םyourverbתְּנַגְּח֖וּyou.gorenoun phrase · objectכָּלallnoun phraseהַthe.weakנַּחְל֑וֹת[sheep]clauseעַ֣דuntilclauserelpאֲשֶׁ֧רthatclauseverbהֲפִיצוֹתֶ֛םyou.have.scatterednoun phrase · objectאוֹתָ֖נָהthemprepositional phrase · prepositionalאֶלtonoun phraseהַ(to)noun phraseחֽוּצָtheהoutside

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint show some agreement in the content of this verse, although the Septuagint's wording differs in structure. The core message about the shepherds' actions and the resulting consequences remains consistent.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

יַ֗עַן בְּצַ֤ד וּבְכָתֵף֙ תֶּהְדֹּ֔פוּ וּבְקַרְנֵיכֶ֥ם תְּנַגְּח֖וּ כָּל־ הַנַּחְל֑וֹת עַ֣ד אֲשֶׁ֧ר הֲפִיצוֹתֶ֛ם אוֹתָ֖נָה אֶל־ הַחֽוּצָה׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
וּבְכָתֵף֙καὶתֶּהְדֹּ֔פוּδιωθεῖσθεוּבְקַרְנֵיכֶ֥םὑμῶνתְּנַגְּח֖וּἐκερατίζετεכָּל־πᾶνהַנַּחְל֑וֹתἐκλεῖπονהֲפִיצוֹתֶ֛םἐχεθλίβετε

7 of the 14 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Ezekiel 34:21יַעַןbecausebecauseיַעַןצַדwith sidewith sideצַדכָּתֵףand with shand with shouldכָּתֵףהָדַףyou pushyou pushהָדַףקֶ֫רֶןand with hoand with horns קֶ֫רֶןנָגַחyou thrust you thrust atנָגַחכֹּלallallכֹּלחָלָהthe weak [othe weak [ones]חָלָהעַדuntiluntilעַדאֲשֶׁרthatthatאֲשֶׁרפּוּץyou have scyou have scatteפּוּץאֵתthe object the object markאֵתאֶלtotoאֶלחוּץthe outsidethe outsideחוּץקָרַןto shineto shineקָרַןכָּלַלto perfectto perfectכָּלַלאוֹתsign: mirasign: miraculouאוֹתחוּלto twist: to twist: trembחוּלעַדperpetuityperpetuityעַדכָּנַעbe humblebe humbleכָּנַעמָאַסto rejectto rejectמָאַסקָנֶהbranchbranchקָנֶהמְנוֹרָהlampstandlampstandמְנוֹרָהיְמָנִיrightrightיְמָנִימוּלoppositeoppositeמוּלשָׁלַךְto throwto throwשָׁלַךְאוֹororאוֹפִּנָּהcornercornerפִּנָּהאֶצְבַּעfingerfingerאֶצְבַּעקֶ֫רֶןhornhornקֶ֫רֶןעֵדָהcongregaticongregationעֵדָהעֲבֹדָהserviceserviceעֲבֹדָה
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Ezekiel 34:21

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

because with side and with shoulder you push and with horns your you thrust at all the weak [ones] until that you have scattered the object marker them to the outside
יַ֗עַןYa.'an because H3282 Conjunction
99× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means because or therefore, and is used to show the reason or cause of something, like in a sentence explaining why something happened. It is often translated as because or for in the KJV Bible. This word helps us understand the motivations behind actions.
Tyndale gloss
because
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יַעַן (ya`an) is primarily a conjunction or preposition meaning 'because' or 'on account of.' It conveys purpose or intention, indicating reasons or causes in sentences. The entries consistently emphasize its use in this context, with no significant disagreement among lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יַעַן 95 prop. subst. purpose, intention, but always used as prep. or conj. on account of, because

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3282 יַעַן prop. subst. purpose, intention, but always used as prep. or conj. on account of, because

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3282 ya`an yah'-an

from an unused root meaning to pay attention; properly, heed;

by implication, purpose (sake or account); used adverbially to

indicate the reason or cause:--because (that), forasmuch (+

as), seeing then, + that, + wheras, + why.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יַעַן (ya.an) — because.

conj

1) because, therefore, because that, on account of

prep

2) because of, on account of

3) why (with interrogative pron)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj — Conjunction
HC
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

be-kos' (hina, "in order that"): "The multitude rebuked them, because (AV; the Revised Version (British and American) "that") they should hold their peace" (Mt 20:31).

because with side and with shoulder you push and with horns your you thrust at all the weak [ones] until that you have scattered the object marker them to the outside
בְּצַ֤דbe.Tzad with side H6654 Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
33× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word refers to the side of something, like the side of a building or a person's side. It can also mean an enemy or adversary, like someone who opposes you. It is used in the Bible to describe locations or relationships.
Amplified meaning
side, with your full body
Tyndale gloss
side
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

צַד (tsad) means 'side' and is derived from an unused root suggesting a movement to the side. It can also refer figuratively to an adversary. The Aramaic equivalent is צַד (tsad H6655).

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6654 צַד side

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6654 tsad tsad

contr. from an unused root meaning to sidle off; a side;

figuratively, an adversary:--(be-)side.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

צַד (tsad) — side.

side

Aramaic equivalent: tsad (צַד "side" H6655)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
HR/Ncmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

si'-de (Side): An ancient town of Pamphylia, occupying a triangular promontory on the coast. It was one of the towns to which a letter favorable to the Jews was sent by the Roman consul Lucius (1 Macc 15:23). The town seems to have been of considerable antiquity, for it had existed long before it fell into the possession of Alexander the Great, and for a time it was the metropolis of Pamphylia. Off the coast the fleet of Antiochus was defeated by the Rhodians. During the 1st century, Side was noted as one of the chief ports of pirates who disposed of much of their booty there. The ruins of the city, which are now very extensive, bear the name Eski Adalia, but among them there are no occupied houses. The two harbors protected by a sea wall may still be traced, but they are now filled with sand. The wall on the land side of the city was provided with a gate which was protected with round…

Smith's Bible Dictionary

a city on the coast of Pamphylia, 10 or 12 miles to the east of the river Eurymedon. It is mentioned in 1 Macc. 15:23, and was a colony of Cumaeans.

because with side and with shoulder you push and with horns your you thrust at all the weak [ones] until that you have scattered the object marker them to the outside
וּבְכָתֵף֙u.ve.kha.Tef and with shoulder H3802 Conjunction · preposition · noun common feminine singular absolute
67× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for shoulder describes the upper end of the arm, where garments hang, and is used in Exodus 28:7 to describe the shoulder pieces of the ephod.
Amplified meaning
upper arm, where garments hang
Tyndale gloss
shoulder
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כָּתֵף (katheph) means 'shoulder' and can refer to the shoulder-blade, side, or slope of a mountain. It is derived from a root meaning to clothe, indicating the shoulder as the place where garments hang. The term can also describe shoulder-pieces of animals and supports, as well as lateral projections.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כָּתֵף n.f. shoulder, shoulder-blade, side

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3802 כָּתֵף shoulder, shoulder-blade, side

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3802 katheph kaw-thafe'

from an unused root meaning to clothe; the shoulder (proper,

i.e. upper end of the arm; as being the spot where the

garments hang); figuratively, side-piece or lateral projection

of anything:--arm, corner, shoulder(-piece), side,

undersetter.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כָּתֵף (ka.teph) — shoulder.

1) shoulder, shoulder-blade, side, slope

1a) shoulder, shoulder-blade (of man)

1b) shoulder, shoulder-pieces (of animals)

1c) side, slope (of mountain)

1d) supports (of laver)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | Prep | N-fs — Conjunction · preposition · noun common feminine singular absolute
HC/R/Ncfsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

shol'-der (shekhem, katheph, zeroa` or zerowa`, or zero`ah, shoq; omos, brachion (Sirach 7:31 only)): The meanings of the Hebrew words are rather varied. The first (shekhem) has perhaps the widest application. It is used for the part of the body on which heavy loads are carried (Ge 21:14; 24:15,45; Ex 12:34; Jos 4:5; Jud 9:48). King Saul's impressive personality is thus described: "There was not among the children of Israel a goodlier person than he: from his shoulders and upward he was higher than any of the people" (1Sa 9:2; 10:23). To carry loads on the shoulder or to have "a staff on the shoulder" is expressive of…

because with side and with shoulder you push and with horns your you thrust at all the weak [ones] until that you have scattered the object marker them to the outside
תֶּהְדֹּ֔פוּteh.Do.fu you push H1920 Verb · Qal · imperfect second person masculine plural
11× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To thrust means to push away or down, as seen in the Bible when driving out or expelling someone, like in the book of Leviticus.
Amplified meaning
push with force
Tyndale gloss
to thrust
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

הָדַף (Hadaph) is a Hebrew verb meaning to thrust, push, or drive away. It encompasses actions like casting out or expelling, and can also imply deposing someone. The entries consistently highlight its use in the context of physical force or removal.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[הָדַף] vb. thrust, push, drive

Qal

thrust, push

thrust out, drive out

= depose

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1920 [הָדַף] thrust, push, drive

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1920 Hadaph haw-daf'

a prim root; to push away or down:--cast away (out), drive,

expel, thrust (away).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

הָדַף (ha.daph) — to thrust.

1) to thrust, push, drive, cast away, cast out, expel, thrust away

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to thrust, push

1a2) to drive out, thrust out

1a3) to depose

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Imperf-2mp — Verb · Qal · imperfect second person masculine plural
HVqi2mp
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
because with side and with shoulder you push and with horns your you thrust at all the weak [ones] until that you have scattered the object marker them to the outside
וּבְקַרְנֵיכֶ֥םu.ve.kar.nei.Khem and with horns your H7161 Conjunction · preposition · noun common feminine dual construct · suffix
76× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this word means a horn or a corner, and can also refer to power or a mountain peak. It's used to describe a place called Karnaim, which was conquered by Israel. The KJV translation uses phrases like 'hill' or 'horn' to convey the idea.
Amplified meaning
a horn; a hill or peak
Tyndale gloss
horn
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word קֶ֫רֶן (*qeren*) primarily means 'horn,' which can refer to a ram's horn, a musical instrument, or horn-like projections on an altar. It also has figurative meanings related to strength and can denote a flask or rays of light. The term קַרְנַ֫יִם (*qarnaim*) refers to a location conquered by Israel, likely in Bashan.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

קֶ֫רֶן 75 n.f. horn

of ram

used as oil-flask

as wind instr.

(from curved shape of tusks)

fig. of pers., symbol of strength

of altar, horn-like projections at corners

hill (so in Ar., peak, isolated hill)

rays at his side(s) he had (of lightning-flashes in theoph.)

base

קַרְנַ֫יִם n.pr.loc. conquered by Isr.; prob. in Bashan

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7161a קֶ֫רֶן horn . . of ram

. used as oil-flask

. as wind instr.

. (from curved shape of tusks)

. fig. of pers., symbol of strength

. of altar, horn-like projections at corners

. hill (so in Ar., peak, isolated hill)

. rays at his side(s) he had (of lightning-flashes in theoph.)

H7161b קַרְנַ֫יִם conquered by Isr.; prob. in Bashan

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7161 qeren keh'-ren

from 7160; a horn (as projecting); by implication, a flask,

cornet; by resembl. an elephant's tooth (i.e. ivory), a corner

(of the altar), a peak (of a mountain), a ray (of light);

figuratively, power:--X hill, horn.

see HEBREW for 07160

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

קֶ֫רֶן (qe.ren) — horn.

1) horn

1a) horn

1b) of strength (fig)

1c) flask (container for oil)

1d) horn (as musical instrument)

1e) horn (of horn-like projections on the altar)

1f) of rays of light

1g) hill

Aramaic equivalent: qe.ren (קֶ֫רֶן "horn" H7162)

קַרְנַ֫יִם (qar.na.im) — Karnaim.

(BDB) Karnaim, a place conquered by Israel probably in Bashan

Another name of ash.te.rot qar.na.yim (עַשְׁתְּרֹת קַרְנַיִם "Ashteroth-karnaim" H6255)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | Prep | N-cd | Suff — Conjunction · preposition · noun common feminine dual construct · suffix
HC/R/Ncfdc/Sp2mp
because with side and with shoulder you push and with horns your you thrust at all the weak [ones] until that you have scattered the object marker them to the outside
תְּנַגְּח֖וּte.na.ge.Chu you thrust at H5055 Verb · Piel · imperfect second person masculine plural
11× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to push or thrust with force, like an animal using its horns. It can also mean to fight or war against someone. In the Bible, it is used to describe violent or aggressive behavior.
Amplified meaning
goring, pushing with horns
Tyndale gloss
to gore
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

נָגַח (nagach) is a Hebrew verb meaning to push, thrust, or gore. It can refer to the action of an animal goring with its horns, or more figuratively, to waging war. The verb appears in various forms, including Qal (to gore), Piel (to push or thrust at), and Hithpael (to engage in thrusting).

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

נָגַח vb. push, thrust, gore

Qal gore

Pi. push or thrust at

Hithp. engage in thrusting with, wage war with

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5055 נָגַח push, thrust, gore .gore

. push or thrust at

. engage in thrusting with, wage war with

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5055 nagach naw-gakh'

a primitive root; to but with the horns; figuratively, to war

against:--gore, push (down, -ing).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נָגַח (na.gach) — to gore.

1) to push, thrust, gore

1a) (Qal) to gore

1b) (Piel) to push or thrust at

1c) (Hithpael) to engage in thrusting, wage war

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Piel-Imperf-2mp — Verb · Piel · imperfect second person masculine plural
HVpi2mp
because with side and with shoulder you push and with horns your you thrust at all the weak [ones] until that you have scattered the object marker them to the outside
כָּל־kol- all H3605 Noun common · masculine singular construct
5,415× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for 'all' or 'everything' is used throughout the Bible, like in Genesis 1:31, where God sees all He has made as very good. It encompasses the entirety of something, whether people, things, or situations.
Tyndale gloss
all
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It can refer to totality, including every person or thing, and is often used with a following genitive to specify what is included. The term can also denote a broader sense of everything in existence or all circumstances of life. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all

with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every

Absolutely:

without the art., all things, all

with the art. הַכֹּל

where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned

in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3605 כֹּל once כּוֹל the whole, all . with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every

. Absolutely: . without the art., all things, all

. with the art. הַכֹּל . where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned

. in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3605 kol kole

or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole;

hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a

plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any

(manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as

many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole,

whoso(-ever).

see HEBREW for 03634

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כֹּל (kol) — all.

1) all, the whole

1a) all, the whole of

1b) any, each, every, anything

1c) totality, everything

Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular construct
HNcmsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ol: Used in various combinations, and with different meanings.

(1) All along, "Weeping all along as he went" (Jer 41:6), i.e. throughout the whole way he went, feigning equal concern with the men from Shiloh, etc., for the destruction of the Temple, so as to put them off their guard.

(2) All in all, "That God may be all in all" (1Co 15:28, Greek: panta en pasin, "all things in all (persons and) things"). "The universe, with all it comprises, will wholly answer to God's will and reflect His mind" (Dummelow).

(3) All one, "It is all one" (Job 9:22), "it makes no difference whether I live or die."

(4) At all, "If thy father miss me at all" (1Sa 20:6), "in any way," "in the least."

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
because with side and with shoulder you push and with horns your you thrust at all the weak [ones] until that you have scattered the object marker them to the outside
הַנַּחְל֑וֹתha.nach.Lot the weak [ones] H2470 Particle · verb niphal participle (active) feminine plural
76× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To beg or entreat means to ask or pray for something, often with a sense of weakness or sickness, like when someone is grieving or in pain.
Amplified meaning
diseased, frail
Tyndale gloss
be weak: weak
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word חָלָה (*chalah*) is built from a primitive root meaning to be rubbed or worn, covering a range of meanings related to weakness, sickness, and grief. It can refer to becoming weak or ill, making oneself sick, or even entreating favor. The entries indicate various grammatical forms, including Qal, Piel, and Hiphil, which express different nuances of these concepts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

חָלָה vb. be weak, sick

Qal

be or become weak

become sick, ill

Niph.

make oneself sick, fig. for strain oneself

be made sick

Pi. make sick

Pu. be made weak

Hithp. make oneself sick

Hiph.

make (sick, i.e.) sore thy smiting

make sick

shew (signs of) sickness, become sick

Hoph. make sick = wounded

base

[חָלָה] vb. only Pi. mollify, appease, entreat the favour of

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2470a חָלָה be weak, sick .. be or become weak

. become sick, ill

. . make oneself sick, fig. for strain oneself

. be made sick

. make sick

. be made weak

. make oneself sick

. . make (sick, i.e.) sore thy smiting

. make sick

. shew (signs of) sickness, become sick

. make sick = wounded

H2470b חָלָה only Pi. mollify, appease, entreat the favour of

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2470 chalah khaw-law'

a primitive root (compare 2342, 2470, 2490); properly, to be

rubbed or worn; hence (figuratively) to be weak, sick,

afflicted; or (causatively) to grieve, make sick; also to

stroke (in flattering), entreat:--beseech, (be) diseased, (put

to) grief, be grieved, (be) grievous, infirmity, intreat, lay

to, put to pain, X pray, make prayer, be (fall, make) sick,

sore, be sorry, make suit (X supplication), woman in travail,

be (become) weak, be wounded.

see HEBREW for 02342

see HEBREW for 02470

see HEBREW for 02490

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

חָלָה (cha.lah) — be weak: weak.

: weak/disabled

1) to be or become weak, be or become sick, be or become diseased, be or become grieved, be or become sorry

1a) (Qal) to be weak, be sick

1b) (Piel)

1b1) to be or become weak, feel weak

1b2) to become sick, become ill

1c) (Niphal)

1c1) to make oneself sick

1c2) to be made sick

1c3) to be tired

1d) (Pual) to be made weak, become weak

1e) (Hithpael) to make oneself sick

1f) (Hiphil)

1f1) to make sore

1f2) to make sick

1f3) to show signs of sickness, become sick

1f4) to grieve

1g) (Hophal)

1g1) to be made sick

1g2) to be wounded

חָלָה (cha.lah) — to beg.

1) (Piel)

1a) (CLBL) to mollify, entreat, pray, beg

חָלָה (cha.lah) — be weak: ill.

: ill/injured

1) to be or become weak, be or become sick, be or become diseased, be or become grieved, be or become sorry

1a) (Qal) to be weak, be sick

1b) (Piel)

1b1) to be or become weak, feel weak

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Art | V-Niphal-Inf-c — Particle · verb niphal participle (active) feminine plural
HTd/VNrfpa
because with side and with shoulder you push and with horns your you thrust at all the weak [ones] until that you have scattered the object marker them to the outside
עַ֣ד'ad until H5704 Preposition
1,261× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means until or as far as, describing a point in time or space. It's used in the Bible to set boundaries or limits, like in Exodus when describing the Israelites' journey.
Tyndale gloss
till
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עַד (ad) primarily functions as a preposition, adverb, or conjunction meaning 'until,' 'up to,' or 'as far as.' It can denote spatial, temporal, or degree-related contexts, such as 'even to' or 'while.' The entries indicate its use in poetry and in various combinations, but there is no significant disagreement among the lexicons regarding its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עַד, in poetry עֲדֵי prep. as far as, even to, up to, until, while

prep.

of space

Of time

Of degree

conj.

until

While

Of degree, to the point that, so that even (rare)

עַד לְ, a strengthened form for עַד. Thus

of space

Of time

Of degree

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5704 עַד, in poetry עֲדֵי as far as, even to, up to, until, while . prep. . of space

. Of time

. Of degree

. conj. . until

. While

. Of degree, to the point that, so that even (rare)

. עַד לְ, a strengthened form for עַד. Thus . of space

. Of time

. Of degree

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5704 `ad ad

properly, the same as 5703 (used as a preposition, adverb or

conjunction; especially with a preposition); as far (or long,

or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during,

while, until) or degree (equally with):--against, and, as,

at, before, by (that), even (to), for(-asmuch as),

(hither-)to, + how long, into, as long (much) as, (so) that,

till, toward, until, when, while, (+ as) yet.

see HEBREW for 05703

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עַד (ad) — till.

prep

1) as far as, even to, until, up to, while, as far as

1a) of space

1a1) as far as, up to, even to

1b) in combination

1b1) from...as far as, both...and (with 'min' -from)

1c) of time

1c1) even to, until, unto, till, during, end

1d) of degree

1d1) even to, to the degree of, even like

conj

2) until, while, to the point that, so that even

Aramaic equivalent: ad (עַד "till" H5705)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep — Preposition
HR
because with side and with shoulder you push and with horns your you thrust at all the weak [ones] until that you have scattered the object marker them to the outside
אֲשֶׁ֧ר'a.Sher that H834 Particle
5,500× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word is a conjunction that connects ideas and events in the Bible, like in the book of Genesis, where it's used to describe the relationship between God and His creation.
Tyndale gloss
which
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word אֲשֶׁר (*asher*) is a relative pronoun that can mean 'who,' 'which,' or 'that.' It serves various grammatical functions, including as an adverb or conjunction, indicating relationships between clauses, places, or conditions. Variants like בַאֲשֶׁר (*ba-asher*), מֵאֲשֶׁר (*me-asher*), and כַּאֲשֶׁר (*ka-asher*) expand its usage to specific contexts such as location, causation, and time.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֲשֶׁר part. of relation A sign of relation, bringing the clause introduced by it into relation with an antecedent clause.

base

בַאֲשֶׁר

in (that) which

adv. in (the place) where

conj. in that, inasmuch as

on account of whom?

base

מֵאֲשֶׁר

from (or than) that which

adv. from (the place) where

conj. from (the fact) that …, since

base

כַּאֲשֶׁר conj. according as, as, when

according to that which, according as, as

with a causal force, in so far as, since

with a temporal force, when

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H834a אֲשֶׁר part. of relation A sign of relation, bringing the clause introduced by it into relation with an antecedent clause. H834b בַאֲשֶׁר . in (that) which

. adv. in (the place) where

. conj. in that, inasmuch as

. on account of whom?

H834c מֵאֲשֶׁר . from (or than) that which

. adv. from (the place) where

. conj. from (the fact) that …, since

H834d כַּאֲשֶׁר conj. according as, as, when . according to that which, according as, as

. with a causal force, in so far as, since

. with a temporal force, when

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

834 'aher ash-er'

a primitive relative pronoun (of every gender and number);

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction)

when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.:--X after, X

alike, as (soon as), because, X every, for, + forasmuch, +

from whence, + how(-soever), X if, (so) that ((thing) which,

wherein), X though, + until, + whatsoever, when, where

(+ -as, -in, -of, -on, -soever, -with), which, whilst, +

whither(- soever), who(-m, -soever, -se). As it is

indeclinable, it is often accompanied by the personal pronoun

expletively, used to show the connection.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֲשֶׁר (a.sher) — which.

A: 1) (relative part.)

1a) which, who

1b) that which

2) (conj)

2a) that (in obj clause)

2b) when

2c) since

2d) as

2e) conditional if

B: Beth+ 1) in (that) which

2) (adv)

2a) where

3) (conj)

3a) in that, inasmuch as

3b) on account of

C: Mem+ 1) from (or than) that which

2) from (the place) where

3) from (the fact) that, since

D: Kaph+

1) (conj.), according as, as, when

1a) according to that which, according as, as

1b) with a causal force: in so far as, since

1c) with a temporal force: when

בַאֲשֶׁר (ba.a.sher) — in which.

1) in (that) which

2) (adv)

2a) where

3) (conj)

3a) in that, inasmuch as

3b) on account of

מֵאֲשֶׁר (me.a.sher) — whence.

1) from (or than) that which

2) from (the place) where

3) from (the fact) that, since

כַּאֲשֶׁר (ka.a.sher) — as which.

conj

1) according as, as, when

1a) according to that which, according as, as

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HTr — Particle
HTr
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
because with side and with shoulder you push and with horns your you thrust at all the weak [ones] until that you have scattered the object marker them to the outside
הֲפִיצוֹתֶ֛םha.fi.tzo.Tem you have scattered H6327 Verb · Hiphil · perfect second person masculine plural
67× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To shatter means to break something into pieces, either physically or figuratively. It can also mean to disperse or scatter people or things, as seen in various Bible translations.
Amplified meaning
dispersed, driven away
Tyndale gloss
to scatter
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word פּוּץ (puwts) primarily means to scatter or disperse, applicable to both people and armies. It can also convey the idea of flowing or overflowing. The noun form מֵפִיץ (mephits) refers to a scatterer. Additionally, it has connotations of breaking or shattering, as seen in related forms.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[פּוּץ] vb. be dispersed, scattered

Qal be dispersed, disperse; be scattered, of enemies

Niph.

be scattered, of army

be spread abroad, of peoples

Hiph.

trans. scatter

intrans. scatter

base

מֵפִיץ n.m. scatterer, disperser

base

פּוּץ vb. flow, overflow

base

[פָּצַץ] vb. break (Ar. break, break asunder; Nab. break asunder; Syr. crush)

Pō‛. a hammer which shatters rock.

Pilp. he [God] dashed me in pieces (fig.).

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6327a פּוּץ be dispersed, scattered .be dispersed, disperse; be scattered, of enemies

. . be scattered, of army

. be spread abroad, of peoples

. . trans. scatter

. intrans. scatter

H6327b מֵפִיץ scatterer, disperser H6327c פּוּץ flow, overflow H6327d [פָּצַץ] break (Ar. break, break asunder; Nab. break asunder; Syr. crush) . a hammer which shatters rock.

. he [God] dashed me in pieces (fig.).

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6327 puwts poots

a primitive root; to dash in pieces, literally or

figuratively (especially to disperse):--break (dash, shake)

in (to) pieces, cast (abroad), disperse (selves), drive,

retire, scatter (abroad), spread abroad.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

פּוּץ (puts) — to scatter.

1) to scatter, be dispersed, be scattered

1a) (Qal) to be dispersed, be scattered

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to be scattered

1b2) to be spread abroad

1c) (Hiphil) to scatter

1d) Hithpael) scatter

מֵפִיץ (me.phits) — scatterer.

n.m.

scatterer

פּוּץ (puts) — to flow.

(Qal) to flow, overflow

פָּצַץ (pa.tsats) — to shatter.

1) to break

1a) (Polel) to shatter

1b) (Pilpel) to dash to pieces

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Hiphil-Perf-2mp — Verb · Hiphil · perfect second person masculine plural
HVhp2mp
because with side and with shoulder you push and with horns your you thrust at all the weak [ones] until that you have scattered the object marker them to the outside
אוֹתָ֖נָה'o.Ta.nah the object marker them H853 Particle · suffix
10,946× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Tyndale gloss
[Obj.]
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

853 'eth ayth

apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of

entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more

definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or

namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).

see HEBREW for 0226

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֵת (et) — [Obj.].

sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative

Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
DirObjM | Suff — Particle · suffix
HTo/Sp3fp
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
because with side and with shoulder you push and with horns your you thrust at all the weak [ones] until that you have scattered the object marker them to the outside
אֶל־'el- to H413 Preposition
5,518× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means 'to' or 'toward', showing direction or movement. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus, to indicate where someone is going. The KJV translates it in various ways, like 'about', 'according to', or 'against'.
Tyndale gloss
to(wards)
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word אֶל (el) is primarily a preposition indicating motion towards or direction to a person or place. It can also imply entering a limit, presence at a location, or a hostile direction (against). Additionally, it may express concepts such as concerning, in addition to, or according to. The entries highlight its versatility in both physical and metaphorical contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֶל (nearly always followed by Makkeph),

prep. denoting motion to or direction towards (whether physical or mental).of motion to or unto a person or place

Where the limit is actually entered, into

Of direction towards anything

Where the motion or direction implied appears from the context to be of a hostile character, אֶל = against

Unto sometimes acquires from the context the sense of in addition to

Metaph. in regard to, concerning, on account of

Of rule or standard according to (rare)

Expressing presence at a spot, against, at, by, not merely after verbs implying motion

Prefixed to other preps. it combines with them the idea of motion or direction to

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H413 אֶל (nearly always followed by Makkeph), . of motion to or unto a person or place

. Where the limit is actually entered, into

. Of direction towards anything

. Where the motion or direction implied appears from the context to be of a hostile character, אֶל = against

. Unto sometimes acquires from the context the sense of in addition to

. Metaph. in regard to, concerning, on account of

. Of rule or standard according to (rare)

. Expressing presence at a spot, against, at, by, not merely after verbs implying motion

. Prefixed to other preps. it combines with them the idea of motion or direction to

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

413 'el ale

(but only used in the shortened constructive form sel {el});

a primitive particle; properly, denoting motion towards, but

occasionally used of a quiescent position, i.e. near, with or

among; often in general, to:--about, according to ,after,

against, among, as for, at, because(-fore, -side), both...and,

by, concerning, for, from, X hath, in(- to), near, (out) of,

over, through, to(-ward), under, unto, upon, whether,

with(-in).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֶל (el) — to(wards).

1) to, toward, unto (of motion)

2) into (limit is actually entered)

2a) in among

3) toward (of direction, not necessarily physical motion)

4) against (motion or direction of a hostile character)

5) in addition to, to

6) concerning, in regard to, in reference to, on account of

7) according to (rule or standard)

8) at, by, against (of one's presence)

9) in between, in within, to within, unto (idea of motion to)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HR — Preposition
HR
because with side and with shoulder you push and with horns your you thrust at all the weak [ones] until that you have scattered the object marker them to the outside
הַחֽוּצָה׃ha.Chu.tzah the outside H2351 Particle · noun common masculine singular absolute · suffix
164× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means outside or outdoors, referring to something beyond a wall or boundary. It can also mean a street or highway, as seen in various KJV translations, including abroad, field, and without.
Amplified meaning
to the outside, into distant lands
Tyndale gloss
outside
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

חוּץ (chuwts) refers to the concept of being outside or outward, often associated with streets or highways. It is derived from a root meaning to sever, indicating separation by a wall. The term covers various contexts, including outdoors and fields.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

חוּץ n.[m.] the outside, sts., esp. in pl., spec. a street

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2351 חוּץ

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2351 chuwts khoots

or (shortened) chuts {khoots}; (both forms feminine in the

plural) from an unused root meaning to sever; properly,

separate by a wall, i.e. outside, outdoors:--abroad, field,

forth, highway, more, out(-side, -ward), street, without.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

חוּץ (chuts) — outside.

outside, outward, street, the outside

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Art | N-ms | Suff — Particle · noun common masculine singular absolute · suffix
HTd/Ncmsa/Sd
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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