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Joshua 21:30 — Word Study

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WLCוּמִמַּטֵּ֣ה אָשֵׁ֔ר אֶת־ מִשְׁאָ֖ל וְאֶת־ מִגְרָשֶׁ֑הָ אֶת־ עַבְדּ֖וֹן וְאֶת־ מִגְרָשֶֽׁהָ׃

BSAFrom the tribemaṭṭeh [tribal community, staff] of Asher they were givenʼÂshêr [a son of Jacob, one of the twelve tribes of Israel] MishalMishʼâl [a town in Palestine, a place of request] AbdonʻAbdôwn [a place in Palestine, a servant]

Word
Listen & take awayJoshua 21
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 30 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (mig.ra.She.ha) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Joshua 21:30quick helps
In a sentenceThe tribe of Asher received two towns, Mishal and Abdon, along with their pasturelands.
Who is speakingThe narrator of the book of Joshua, detailing the land allocations to the tribes of Israel.
Where we areThis verse is part of the distribution of land to the tribes of Israel, specifically Asher.
The hard wordמִשְׁאָ֖ל
Take awayMishal and Abdon are towns given to the tribe of Asher, indicating their settlement in the land.
4 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Cambridge, Whedon & more — read them › clause The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Joshua 21:30

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — The Allotment of the Landgenerated

29Jarmuth, and En-gannim—four cities, together with their pasturelands.
30From the tribe of Asher they were given Mishal, Abdon,
31Helkath, and Rehob—four cities, together with their pasturelands.
32And from the tribe of Naphtali they were given Kedesh in Galilee (a city of refuge for the manslayer), Hammoth-dor, and Kartan—three cities, together with their pasturelands.

Joshua 21:30 describes the allocation of specific towns to the tribe of Asher, part of the broader narrative of land distribution among the tribes of Israel. This allocation reflects God's promise to the Israelites to give them a homeland, fulfilling the covenant made with their ancestors. The towns mentioned, Mishal and Abdon, highlight the specific locations that were to be inhabited by the descendants of Asher, as detailed in other passages such as Joshua 19:25-28 and 1 Chronicles 6:74-75.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Joshua 19:25–28Their territory included Helkath, Hali, Beten, Achshaph,
21 Chronicles 6:74–75From the tribe of Asher they were given Mashal, Abdon,

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 2 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word מַטֶּה, u.mi.ma.Tehgenerated

The word מַטֶּה (maṭṭeh) is a noun that can mean a tribe or a staff. In this context, it refers to the tribe of Asher, one of the twelve tribes of Israel. The parsing indicates it is a common masculine singular noun, showing its role as a collective identity for the descendants of Asher.

The use of מַטֶּה emphasizes the communal aspect of the tribe, linking it to the leadership and support structures within Israelite society. The connection to the root meaning of 'to extend' suggests the tribe's role in the broader narrative of Israel's history.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The structure of the verse is governed by a main clause, with a prepositional phrase indicating the source of the towns, followed by a noun phrase listing the towns and their associated pasturelands. The finite verb is implied in the context of giving, which is understood in the allocation process.

The Hebrew word order places emphasis on the tribe of Asher at the beginning, highlighting its importance in the distribution narrative. The subsequent phrases detail the specific towns, indicating their significance in the overall context of the land allotment.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

In the Septuagint, the word for tribe is rendered as φυλῆς (phylēs), which carries a similar meaning but may imply a broader ethnic or cultural identity. This choice reflects the Greek translators' understanding of the tribes as distinct communities.

The translation choices indicate a continuity in the understanding of tribal identity from Hebrew to Greek, emphasizing the significance of these groups within the Israelite community.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Joshua 21:30 tells us that the tribe of Asher was given two towns, Mishal and Abdon, along with their pasturelands. This allocation is part of the larger narrative of how the land was divided among the tribes of Israel, fulfilling God's promise to them.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does the tribe of Asher represent?

The tribe of Asher represents one of the twelve tribes of Israel, descended from Asher, the eighth son of Jacob, known for its prosperity and happiness.

What is the significance of the towns Mishal and Abdon?

Mishal and Abdon were towns allocated to the Gershonite Levites within the territory of Asher, indicating their importance in the settlement and religious life of the community.

How does this verse fit into the overall narrative of Joshua?

This verse is part of the detailed account of land distribution among the tribes of Israel, showcasing the fulfillment of God's promises to give them a land of their own.

What does the term 'pasturelands' imply in this context?

The term 'pasturelands' suggests areas designated for grazing livestock, which were vital for the agricultural economy and sustenance of the tribes.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. How does understanding the tribe of Asher's allocation help us appreciate the broader narrative of Israel's history?
  2. What can we learn about community and identity from the mention of tribes in the Bible?
  3. In what ways do the towns of Mishal and Abdon reflect the needs of the people in ancient Israel?
  4. How can we apply the concept of shared resources, like pasturelands, to our communities today?

Commentators on this verse — 4 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Joshua 21:30 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

And out of the tribe of Asher, Mishal with her suburbs,.... The same with Misheal, Joshua 19:26; called Mashal, 1 Chronicles 6:74; Abdon with her suburbs; not mentioned among the cities of Asher,

Read John Gill on Joshua 21 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

And out of the tribe of Benjamin, Gibeon with her suburbs, Geba with her suburbs, No JFB commentary on these verses.

Read Robert Jamieson on Joshua 21 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

30. Mishal] See ch. Joshua 19:26 (Heb.); Abdon = Hebron, Joshua 19:28.

Read Cambridge on Joshua 21 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

28-39. Dabareh — Joshua 19:12. En-gannim — Joshua 19:21.Kedesh — Joshua 12:22. Jokneam — Joshua 12:22. Ramoth — Joshua 13:26. Heshbon — Joshua 13:17; Joshua 13:26. Jazer — Joshua 13:25.

Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Joshua 21 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

From the tribe of Asher they were given Mishal, Abdon,

WEBWorld English Bible2000

Out of the tribe of Asher, Mishal with its pasture lands, Abdon with its pasture lands,

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

From the tribe of Asher they were given Mishal, Abdon,

NETBNew English Translation2006

from the tribe of Asher: Mishal, Abdon,

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

And out of the tribe of Asher, Mishal with her suburbs, Abdon with her suburbs,

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

And out of the tribe of Asher, Mishal with its suburbs, Abdon with its suburbs,

RVARevised Version, American1894

And out of Asher, Mishal with her suburbs, Abdon with her suburbs;

NWBWebster's Bible1833

And out of the tribe of Asher, Mishal with its suburbs, Abdon with its suburbs,

GNVGeneva Bible1599

And out of the tribe of Asher, Mishal with her suburbes, Abdon with her suburbes,

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

and out of the tribe of Asher, Mishal and its suburbs, Abdon and its suburbs,

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

And out of the tribe of Asher, Mishal and its suburbs, Abdon and its suburbs,

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

And out of the tribe of Asher, Mishal and its outskirts, Abdon and its outskirts,

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

And from the tribe of Asher, Mishal with its open spaces, Abdon with its open spaces.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

From the tribe of Asher, they gave Mishal with its pasturelands, Abdon with its pasturelands,

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

And of the tribe of Aser, Masal and Abdon,

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

From the tribe of Asher the following four towns and their pastures: Mishal, Abdon,

BBEBible in Basic English1949

And from the tribe of Asher, Mishal and Abdon, with their grass-lands:

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

וּandclauseprepositional phrase · prepositionalמִfromnoun phraseמַּטֵּ֣הthe.tribeאָשֵׁ֔רof.Ashernoun phrase · objectnoun phrasenoun phraseאֶת(et)מִשְׁאָ֖לMishalוְandnoun phraseאֶת(et)noun phraseמִגְרָשֶׁ֑landsהָits.pasturenoun phrasenoun phraseאֶת(et)עַבְדּ֖וֹןAbdonוְandnoun phraseאֶת(et)noun phraseמִגְרָשֶֽׁlandsהָits.pasture

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint show agreement in the allocation of towns to the tribe of Asher, although the Septuagint presents a different word order. The Septuagint reflects the same towns, Mishal and Abdon, confirming the historical record of land distribution.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

וּמִמַּטֵּ֣ה אָשֵׁ֔ר אֶת־ מִשְׁאָ֖ל וְאֶת־ מִגְרָשֶׁ֑הָ אֶת־ עַבְדּ֖וֹן וְאֶת־ מִגְרָשֶֽׁהָ׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
וּמִמַּטֵּ֣הφυλῆςאָשֵׁ֔רασηρוְאֶת־καὶמִגְרָשֶׁ֑הָτὰוְאֶת־καὶמִגְרָשֶֽׁהָ׃τὰ

6 of the 10 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Joshua 21:30מַטֶּהand from [tand from [the] מַטֶּהאָשֵׁרAsherAsherאָשֵׁראֵתthe object the object markאֵתמִשְׁאָלMishalMishalמִשְׁאָלאֵתand the objand the object אֵתמִגְרָשׁpasture lanpasture lands iמִגְרָשׁאֵתthe object the object markאֵתעַבְדוֹןAbdonAbdonעַבְדוֹןאֵתand the objand the object אֵתמִגְרָשׁpasture lanpasture lands iמִגְרָשׁאוֹתsign: mirasign: miraculouאוֹתגָּרַשׁto drive oto drive out: dגָּרַשׁנָטָהto stretchto stretchנָטָהאָשַׁרto blessto blessאָשַׁרשָׁאַלto askto askשָׁאַלעָבַדto serveto serveעָבַדמִגְרָשׁpasturepastureמִגְרָשׁגַּת־רִמּוֹןGath-rimmoGath-rimmonגַּת־רִמּוֹןיַ֫הַץJahazJahazיַ֫הַץנָשִׂיאleaderleaderנָשִׂיאנַפְתָּלִיNaphtaliNaphtaliנַפְתָּלִיזְבוּלֻןZebulunZebulunזְבוּלֻןהִלֵּלHillelHillelהִלֵּלצוּרZurZurצוּר
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Joshua 21:30

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

and from [the] tribe of Asher the object marker Mishal and the object marker pasture lands its the object marker Abdon and the object marker pasture lands its
וּמִמַּטֵּ֣הu.mi.ma.Teh and from [the] tribe of H4294 Conjunction · preposition · noun common masculine singular construct
252× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this word can mean a tribe, like the 12 tribes of Israel, or a staff, like the one Moses used to lead his people in Exodus 4:2.
Amplified meaning
tribal community, staff
Tyndale gloss
tribe
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מַטֶּה (mat-teh) refers to a staff, rod, or branch, and can also denote a tribe. It is derived from a root meaning to extend, and its uses include both literal and figurative meanings, such as a support or a means of correction. The lexicons consistently highlight its association with leadership and community.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מַטֶּה 251 n.m.

staff, rod, shaft

branch

tribe

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4294 מַטֶּה . staff, rod, shaft

. branch

. tribe

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4294 matteh mat-teh'

or (feminine) mattah {mat-taw'}; from 5186; a branch (as

extending); figuratively, a tribe; also a rod, whether for

chastising (figuratively, correction), ruling (a sceptre),

throwing (a lance), or walking (a staff; figuratively, a

support of life, e.g. bread):--rod, staff, tribe.

see HEBREW for 05186

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מַטֶּה (mat.teh) — tribe: rod.

: rod/staff

1) staff, branch, tribe

1a) staff, rod, shaft

1b) branch (of vine)

1c) tribe

1c1) company led by chief with staff (originally)

מַטֶּה (mat.teh) — tribe.

: tribe

1) staff, branch, tribe

1a) staff, rod, shaft

1b) branch (of vine)

1c) tribe

1c1) company led by chief with staff (originally)

מַטֶּה (mat.teh) — tribe: arrow.

: arrow

1) staff, branch, tribe

1a) staff, rod, shaft

1b) branch (of vine)

1c) tribe

1c1) company led by chief with staff (originally)

מַטֶּה (mat.teh) — tribe: stick.

: stick

1) staff, branch, tribe

1a) staff, rod, shaft

1b) branch (of vine)

1c) tribe

1c1) company led by chief with staff (originally)

מַטֶּה (mat.teh) — tribe: supply.

: supply

1) staff, branch, tribe

1a) staff, rod, shaft

1b) branch (of vine)

1c) tribe

1c1) company led by chief with staff (originally)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | Prep | N-ms — Conjunction · preposition · noun common masculine singular construct
HC/R/Ncmsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

and from [the] tribe of Asher the object marker Mishal and the object marker pasture lands its the object marker Abdon and the object marker pasture lands its
אָשֵׁ֔ר'a.Sher Asher H836 Noun proper masculine
43× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Asher was the eighth son of Jacob and one of the twelve tribes of Israel, mentioned in Genesis 30:13. The tribe of Asher was known for its happy and blessed people. Asher is also the name of a region in Palestine.
Amplified meaning
a son of Jacob, one of the twelve tribes of Israel
Tyndale gloss
Asher
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אָשֵׁר (Asher) refers to a son of Jacob and Zilpah, as well as the tribe descended from him. The name means 'happy' and is also associated with a city east of Shechem. The entries note that Asher is linked to the Hebrew root for happiness, but there is a mention of potential translations related to wood in Ezekiel.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אָשֵׁר n.pr.m. Asher (happy one, Felix)

son of Jacob and Zilpah

the tribe

n.pr.loc. city E. of Shechem

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H836 אָשֵׁר Asher

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

836 'Asher aw-share'

from 833, happy; Asher, a son of Jacob, and the tribe

descended from him, with its territory; also a place in

Palestine:--Asher

see HEBREW for 0833

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אָשֵׁר (a.sher) — Asher.

A man of the tribe of Asher living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.30.13;

son of: Israel (H3478) and Zilpah (H2153);

brother of: Gad (H1410);

half-brother of: Reuben (H7205), Simeon (H8095), Levi (H3878), Judah (H3063), Dan (H1835H), Naphtali (H5321), Issachar (H3485), Zebulun (H2074), Dinah (H1783), Joseph (H3130) and Benjamin (H1144);

father of: Imnah (H3232), Ishvah (H3438), Ishvi (H3440), Beriah (H1283) and Serah (H8294); also translated "pine" or "cypress wood" at Ezk.27.6(?); Ashurite at 2Sa.2.9(?);

§ Asher = "happy"

1) son of Jacob and Zilpah

2) the tribe descended from Asher

3) a city east of Shechem in Manasseh

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper masculine
HNpm
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Easton's Bible Dictionary

Asher

Happy, Jacob’s eigth son; his mother was Zilpah, Leah’s handmaid (Gen. 30:13). Of the tribe founded by him nothing is recorded beyond its holding a place in the list of the tribes (35:26; 46:17; Ex. 1:4, etc.) It increased in numbers twenty-nine percent, during the thirty-eight years’ wanderings. The place of this tribe during the march through the desert was between Dan and Naphtali (Num. 2:27). The boundaries of the inheritance given to it, which contained some of the richest soil in Palestine, and the names of its towns, are recorded in Josh. 19:24-31; Judg. 1:31, 32. Asher and Simeon were the only tribes west of…

Smith's Bible Dictionary

a place which formed one boundary of the tribe of Manasseh on the south. (Joshua 17:7) Mr. Porter suggests that Teyasir may be the Asher of Manasseh. Handbook , p.348.

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

The eighth son of Jacob and second of Zilpah, Ge 30:13 35:26. On entering Canaan his tribe was the fifth in order, numbering fifty-three thousand four hundred. The portion of Asher lay along the seaboard, having Levanon and Zidon on the north, Carmel and the tribe of Issachar on the south, and Zebulun and Naphtali on the east. It was fruitful in grain, wine, oil, and minerals, Ge 49:20 De 33:24,25. How much of the Phoenician coast was included is uncertain, Jos 19:25,28; but the Asherites were unable to expel the Canaanites, and dwelt in part among them, Jud 1:31,32. They are honorably mentioned in the history of…

Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary

happiness

and from [the] tribe of Asher the object marker Mishal and the object marker pasture lands its the object marker Abdon and the object marker pasture lands its
אֶת־'et- the object marker H853 Particle
10,946× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Tyndale gloss
[Obj.]
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

853 'eth ayth

apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of

entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more

definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or

namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).

see HEBREW for 0226

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֵת (et) — [Obj.].

sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative

Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HTo — Particle
HTo
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and from [the] tribe of Asher the object marker Mishal and the object marker pasture lands its the object marker Abdon and the object marker pasture lands its
מִשְׁאָ֖לmish.'Al Mishal H4861 Noun proper
2× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Mishal was a town in Palestine, located in the territory of Asher and allotted to the Gershonite Levites. The name means entreaty or prayer, and it is mentioned in the KJV translations as Mishal or Misheal.
Amplified meaning
a town in Palestine, a place of request
Tyndale gloss
Mishal
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מִשְׁאָל (mish'al) refers to a place name, specifically a town in the territory of Asher, associated with the Gershonite Levites. The term is linked to the root meaning 'request' or 'entreaty.' There is a note that it is compared with other Hebrew words, but no significant disagreement among lexicons is present.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מִשְׁאָל n.pr.loc. in Asher

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4861 מִשְׁאָל

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4861 Mish'al mish-awl'

from 7592; request; Mishal, a place in Palestine:--Mishal,

Misheal. Compare 4913.

see HEBREW for 07592

see HEBREW for 04913

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מִשְׁאָל (mish.al) — Mishal.

§ Misheal = "entreaty"

a town in the territory of Asher allotted to the Gershonite Levites

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper
HNpl
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

mi'-shal (mish'al): A town in the territory of Asher (Jos 19:26, the King James Version "Misheal," Maasa), assigned to the Gershonite Levites (Jos 21:30; Codex Vaticanus Bassellan; Codex Alexandrinus Masaal equals "Mashal" of 1Ch 6:74). Eusebius, Onomasticon (s.v. "Masan") places it near Carmel by the sea. It is not identified.

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Mishal

A city of the tribe of Asher (Josh. 21:30; 1 Chr. 6:74). It is probably the modern Misalli, on the shore near Carmel.

Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary

parables; governing

and from [the] tribe of Asher the object marker Mishal and the object marker pasture lands its the object marker Abdon and the object marker pasture lands its
וְאֶת־ve.'Et and the object marker H853 Conjunction · particle
10,946× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Tyndale gloss
[Obj.]
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

853 'eth ayth

apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of

entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more

definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or

namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).

see HEBREW for 0226

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֵת (et) — [Obj.].

sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative

Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HC/To — Conjunction · particle
HC/To
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and from [the] tribe of Asher the object marker Mishal and the object marker pasture lands its the object marker Abdon and the object marker pasture lands its
מִגְרָשֶׁ֑הָmig.ra.She.ha pasture lands its H4054 Noun common masculine plural construct · suffix
119× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A pasture or open land, often the area around a building or the margin of the sea. This term describes a common or shared space in the Bible.
Tyndale gloss
pasture
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מִגְרָשׁ (migrash) refers to common or open land, often associated with areas where flocks are driven for pasture. It can denote a suburb or the space around a building, and is noted in Ezekiel 27:28. The term is derived from a root meaning to drive out.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מִגְרָשׁ n.m. common, common-land, open land

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4054 מִגְרָשׁ

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4054 migrash mig-rawsh'

also (in plural) feminine (Ezek. 27:28) migrashah

{mig-raw-shaw'}; from 1644; a suburb (i.e. open country

whither flocks are driven from pasture); hence, the area

around a building, or the margin of the sea:--cast out,

suburb.

see HEBREW for 01644

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מִגְרָשׁ (mig.rash) — pasture.

common, common land, open land, suburb

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HNcmpc/Sp3fs — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffix
HNcmpc/Sp3fs
and from [the] tribe of Asher the object marker Mishal and the object marker pasture lands its the object marker Abdon and the object marker pasture lands its
אֶת־'et- the object marker H853 Particle
10,946× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Tyndale gloss
[Obj.]
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

853 'eth ayth

apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of

entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more

definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or

namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).

see HEBREW for 0226

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֵת (et) — [Obj.].

sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative

Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HTo — Particle
HTo
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and from [the] tribe of Asher the object marker Mishal and the object marker pasture lands its the object marker Abdon and the object marker pasture lands its
עַבְדּ֖וֹןav.Don Abdon H5658 Noun proper
8× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Abdon was a place in Palestine and also the name of four Israelites, including a judge and a Benjamite. His name means servile or servant, and he is mentioned in 2 Kings and 2 Chronicles.
Amplified meaning
a place in Palestine, a servant
Tyndale gloss
Abdon
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עַבְדּוֹן (Abdon) refers to both a personal name and a location. It is derived from the root meaning 'servitude' and is associated with several figures in the Old Testament, including a judge of Israel and various individuals from the tribes of Benjamin and Gibeon. Additionally, it denotes a city in Asher, allocated to the Gershonite Levites, located near modern 'Abdeh.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עַבְדּוֹן n.pr.

n.pr.m.

a judge

a Benjamite

son of Jehiel a Gibeonite

son of Micah

n.pr.loc. Levitical city in Asher

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5658 עַבְדוֹן

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5658 `Abdown ab-dohn'

from 5647; servitude; Abdon, the name of a place in Palestine

and of four Israelites:--Abdon. Compare 5683.

see HEBREW for 05647

see HEBREW for 05683

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עַבְדּוֹן (av.don) — Abdon.

Abdon = "servile"

a city in Asher allotted to the Gershonite Levites; located 10 miles (16 km) north of Accho; modern 'Abdeh'

Also named: ev.ron (עֶבְרֹן "Ebron" H5683)

עַבְדּוֹן (av.don) — Abdon.

A Judge living before Israel's Monarchy, first mentioned at Jdg.12.13;

son of: Hillel (H1985)

§ Abdon = "servile"

1) a judge of Israel in the time of the judges; perhaps the same as 'Bedan'

2) a Benjamite, son of Shashak

3) a Gibeonite, son of Jehiel and a grandson of Gideon

4) son of Micah in the time of king Josiah of Judah; also 'Achbor'

5) a city in Asher allotted to the Gershonite Levites; located 10 miles (16 km) north of Accho; modern 'Abdeh'

עַבְדּוֹן (av.don) — Abdon.

A man of the tribe of Benjamin living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.8.23;

son of: Shashak (H8349);

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper
HNpl
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Easton's Bible Dictionary

Abdon

Servile. (1.) The son of Hillel, a Pirathonite, the tenth judge of Israel (Judg. 12:13-15). He is probably the Bedan of 1 Sam. 12:11.

(2.) The first-born of Gibeon of the tribe of Benjamin (1 Chr. 8:30; 9:36).

(3.) The son of Micah, one of those whom Josiah sent to the prophetess Huldah to ascertain from her the meaning of the recently discovered book of the law (2 Chr. 34:20). He is called Achbor in 2 Kings 22:12.

(4.) One of the “sons” of Shashak (1 Chr. 8:23).

Smith's Bible Dictionary

(servile). A judge of Israel, (Judges 12:13,15) perhaps the same person as Bedan, in (1 Samuel 12:11) (B.C. 1233-1225). Son of Shashak. (1 Chronicles 8:23) First-born son of Jehiel, son of Gideon. (1 Chronicles 8:30; 9:35,36). Son of Micah, a contemporary of Josiah, (2 Chronicles 34:20) called Achbor in (2 Kings 22:12) (B.C. 628.) A city in the tribe if Asher, given to the Gershonites, (Joshua 21:30; 1 Chronicles 6:74) the modern Abdeh, 10 miles northeast of…

Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary

servant; cloud of judgment

Nave's Topical Bible

1. A judge of Israel, in the time of the judges Jud 12:13-15

2. A Levitical city Jos 21:30; 1Ch 6:74

3. A Benjamite chief 1Ch 8:23

See ACHBOR

4. Son of Gibeon 1Ch 8:30; 9:36

5. Son of Micah 2Ch 34:20

Also called ACHBOR 2Ki 22:12

and from [the] tribe of Asher the object marker Mishal and the object marker pasture lands its the object marker Abdon and the object marker pasture lands its
וְאֶת־ve.'Et and the object marker H853 Conjunction · particle
10,946× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Tyndale gloss
[Obj.]
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

853 'eth ayth

apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of

entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more

definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or

namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).

see HEBREW for 0226

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֵת (et) — [Obj.].

sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative

Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HC/To — Conjunction · particle
HC/To
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and from [the] tribe of Asher the object marker Mishal and the object marker pasture lands its the object marker Abdon and the object marker pasture lands its
מִגְרָשֶֽׁהָ׃mig.ra.She.ha pasture lands its H4054 Noun common masculine plural construct · suffix
119× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A pasture or open land, often the area around a building or the margin of the sea. This term describes a common or shared space in the Bible.
Tyndale gloss
pasture
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מִגְרָשׁ (migrash) refers to common or open land, often associated with areas where flocks are driven for pasture. It can denote a suburb or the space around a building, and is noted in Ezekiel 27:28. The term is derived from a root meaning to drive out.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מִגְרָשׁ n.m. common, common-land, open land

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4054 מִגְרָשׁ

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4054 migrash mig-rawsh'

also (in plural) feminine (Ezek. 27:28) migrashah

{mig-raw-shaw'}; from 1644; a suburb (i.e. open country

whither flocks are driven from pasture); hence, the area

around a building, or the margin of the sea:--cast out,

suburb.

see HEBREW for 01644

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מִגְרָשׁ (mig.rash) — pasture.

common, common land, open land, suburb

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HNcmpc/Sp3fs — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffix
HNcmpc/Sp3fs
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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