Numbers 34:5 — Word Study
WLCוְנָסַ֧ב הַגְּב֛וּל מֵעַצְמ֖וֹן נַ֣חְלָה מִצְרָ֑יִם וְהָי֥וּ תוֹצְאֹתָ֖יו הַיָּֽמָּה׃
BSAwhere [it]gᵉbûwl will turnçâbab [surround, go around] from AzmonʻAtsmôwn [a strong place] join the Brooknachal [meet, intersect, stream, riverbed] of EgyptMitsrayim [a country in northeastern Africa] and endhâyâh [terminate, come to a close] at the Seayâm [the Mediterranean, a large body of water]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְנָסַ֧ב | and it will turn | Verb, Niphal, sequential perfect third person masculine singular |
| הַגְּב֛וּל | the border | Particle, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| מֵעַצְמ֖וֹן | from Azmon | Preposition, noun proper |
| נַ֣חְלָה | [the] wadi of towards | Noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| מִצְרָ֑יִם | Egypt | Noun proper |
| וְהָי֥וּ | and they will be | Verb, Qal, sequential perfect third person common plural |
| תוֹצְאֹתָ֖יו | extremities its | Noun common feminine plural construct, suffix |
| הַיָּֽמָּה׃ | the sea towards | Particle, noun common masculine singular absolute, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | where it will turn from Azmon, join the Brook of Egypt, and end at the Sea. |
| KJV | And the border shall fetch a compass from Azmon unto the river of Egypt, and the goings out of it shall be at the sea. |
| ASV | and the border shall turn about from Azmon unto the brook of Egypt, and the goings out thereof shall be at the sea. |
| YLT | and the border hath turned round from Azmon to the brook of Egypt, and its outgoings have been at the sea. |
| WEB | The border shall turn about from Azmon to the brook of Egypt, and it shall end at the sea. |
| BBE | And from Azmon it will go round to the stream of Egypt as far as the sea. |
Where they part company is in the details of the names and terms used for the geographical features.
The main clause describes the action of turning, with two subordinate phrases detailing what follows.
7 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Ellicott & more — read them ›
clause
verbסָבַב
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Numbers 34:5
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Borders of the Promised Landgenerated
Numbers 34:5 outlines the specific borders of the Promised Land, detailing how the territory is to be defined as the Israelites prepare to enter. This passage is part of a larger section that describes the boundaries of the land that God promised to the descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, emphasizing the importance of these geographic markers for the nation of Israel.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Genesis 15:18 | On that day the LORD made a covenant with Abram, saying, “To your descendants I have given this land—from the river of Egypt to the great River Euphrates— |
| 2 | Joshua 15:4–47 | It proceeded to Azmon, joined the Brook of Egypt, and ended at the Sea. This was their southern border. |
| 3 | 1 Kings 8:65 | So at that time Solomon and all Israel with him—a great assembly of people from Lebo-hamath to the Brook of Egypt—kept the feast before the LORD our God for seven days and seven more days—fourteen days in all. |
| 4 | Isaiah 27:12 | In that day the LORD will thresh from the flowing Euphrates to the Wadi of Egypt, and you, O Israelites, will be gathered one by one. |
| 5 | Numbers 34:6–7 | Your western border will be the coastline of the Great Sea; this will be your boundary on the west. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 5 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — נָסַ֧ב, na.Savgenerated
The verb נָסַב (nasav) is in the Niphal form, indicating a passive or reflexive action, which means 'to turn' or 'to surround.' This word can describe both literal turning and figurative surrounding, reflecting a range of actions from marching to enclosing.
This word appears frequently in the Hebrew Bible, emphasizing its importance in describing movement and direction. In this context, it specifically refers to the border turning from Azmon, illustrating the physical delineation of the land.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verbs נָסַ֧ב (it will turn) and הָי֥וּ (they will be) govern the main clauses of the verse. The sentence structure follows a clear sequence, detailing the actions of the border in relation to geographical landmarks.
The Hebrew word order places emphasis on the actions of turning and joining, illustrating the movement of the border as it is defined.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates נָסַ֧ב with κυκλώσει (kyklōsei), which means 'to surround' or 'to encircle.' This choice broadens the meaning slightly, emphasizing the encompassing nature of the border.
This choice reflects a nuanced understanding of the border's movement, suggesting a more dynamic action than simply turning.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Numbers 34:5 describes how the border of the Promised Land will turn from Azmon, join the Brook of Egypt, and end at the Sea. This verse is part of the instructions given to the Israelites about the land they are to inherit.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It signifies the physical delineation of the territory that the Israelites are to inherit, marking a clear boundary.
The Brook of Egypt serves as a geographical reference point for the border, indicating the southern limit of the Promised Land.
Ending at the Sea indicates the western boundary of the land, which is significant for defining the territory's extent.
This verse is part of a larger section that details the borders of the Promised Land, providing a comprehensive guide for the Israelites as they prepare to enter their inheritance.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- How do the defined borders of the Promised Land reflect God's promises to His people?
- In what ways can we see the importance of boundaries in our own lives?
- What does it mean for us to recognize the boundaries God has set for us?
- How can we apply the concept of turning and changing direction in our spiritual journeys?
Commentators on this verse — 7 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Numbers 34:5 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd the border shall fetch a compass,.... Not go on in a straight line, but turn about: from Azmon unto the river of Egypt; the river Nile, as both the Targums of Jonathan and Jerusalem; but Aben
Read John Gill on Numbers 34 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd the border shall fetch a compass from Azmon unto the river of Egypt, and the goings out of it shall be at the sea.
Read Robert Jamieson on Numbers 34 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleThe river of Egypt, called Sihor, , which divided Egypt from Canaan. See . The sea; the midland sea, called the sea emphatically; whereas the other seas there, as they are called, are indeed but lakes.
Read Matthew Poole on Numbers 34 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(5) And the border shall fetch a compass . . . —Although the exact spots of some of the places which determined the southern border have not been positively ascertained, there seems, on the whole, very little doubt that the boundary line ran along the valleys which form a natural division between the cultivated land and the desert, from the Arabah on the east to the Mediterranean on the west, the Brook of Egypt—i.e., the Wady-el-Arish—forming the western boundary until it reached the sea.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Numbers 34 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 5. The river of Egypt] The eastern branch of the river Nile; or, according to others, a river which is south of the land of the Philistines, and fails into the gulf or bay near Calieh.
Read AdamClarke on Numbers 34 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges5. the brook of Egypt] Heb. ‘the naḥ ?al of Miẓ ?raim.’ A.V. ‘the river of Egypt’ gives the erroneous impression that the Nile is meant. The name is that of a wady or torrent, now called Wâdy el-‘Arîsh, which rises in the centre of the Sinaitic peninsula, and flows northward into the Mediterranean about 50 miles S.W. of Gaza. It is possible that Miẓ ?raim here denotes not Egypt proper, but the tract on the east of Egypt. The name Muẓ ?ur is frequently applied to the latter in Assyrian inscriptions.
Read Cambridge on Numbers 34 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible3-5. Your south quarter — The southern boundary is the same as that of the tribe of Judah on the south. Joshua 15:2-5, notes. The Revised Version gives an improved translation, “the brook of Egypt.” Genesis 15:18, note.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Numbers 34 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
where it will turn from Azmon, join the Brook of Egypt, and end at the Sea.
The border shall turn about from Azmon to the brook of Egypt, and it shall end at the sea.
where it will turn from Azmon, join the Brook of Egypt, and end at the Sea.
There the border will turn from Azmon to the Brook of Egypt, and then its direction is to the sea.
Tyndale line
And the border shall fetch a compass from Azmon unto the river of Egypt, and the goings out of it shall be at the sea.
and the border shall turn about from Azmon unto the brook of Egypt, and the goings out thereof shall be at the sea.
and the border shall turn about from Azmon unto the brook of Egypt, and the goings out thereof shall be at the sea.
And the border shall form a circuit from Azmon to the river of Egypt, and the limits of it shall be at the sea.
And the border shall compasse from Azmon vnto the riuer of Egypt, and shall goe out to the Sea.
Strictly literal
And the border shall turn from Azmon unto the torrent of Egypt, and shall end at the sea.
and the border hath turned round from Azmon to the brook of Egypt, and its outgoings have been at the sea.
and the border has turned around from Azmon to the Brook of Egypt, and its outgoings have been at the sea.
And the border shall turn from 'Azmon unto the river of Egypt, and its terminating points shall be at the sea.
From there, the border will turn from Azmon toward the brook of Egypt and follow it to the sea.
From the Latin
And the limits shall fetch a compass from Asemona to the torrent of Egypt, and shall end in the shore of the great sea.
Simplified
There the boundary will turn from Azmon to the Wadi of Egypt, ending at the Mediterranean Sea.
And from Azmon it will go round to the stream of Egypt as far as the sea.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The other witnesses generally agree with the Masoretic Text. The Septuagint matches all eight words, while the Samaritan Pentateuch has five words differing from the MT, including variations on the names and terms used for the locations and actions.
וְנָסַ֧ב הַגְּב֛וּל מֵעַצְמ֖וֹן נַ֣חְלָה מִצְרָ֑יִם וְהָי֥וּ תוֹצְאֹתָ֖יו הַיָּֽמָּה׃
8 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
ונסב הגבול מעצמונה נחל מצרים והיה תוצאיתו הים
5 words differ from the Masoretic Text: עצמונה (Azmon), נחל (wadi), היה (be), תוצאיתו (end), ים (sea)
[ונסב] [הגבול] [מעצמונ׳ה] [נחל] [מצרים] [והיו] [תוצאותי׳ו] [הימ׳ה]
nothing on the leather here — 8 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Numbers 34:5
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word סָבַב (savav) means to turn or go around, encompassing a range of actions such as surrounding, marching, and changing direction. It is built from a primitive root and has various applications, both literal and figurative, including transforming or enclosing. The entries detail its uses in different verbal forms, but do not present any significant disagreement among lexicons.
סָבַב vb. turn about, go around, surround
Qal
turn, intrans.
march, or walk, around
go partly round, circle, skirt
make a round, or circuit, go about to
surround, encompass
Niph.
turn oneself against, close round upon
turn round (from a direct course)
esp. of boundary: turn round from, toward
pass. be turned over to, into the power of
Pi. to change, transform, the aspect of the matter
Po‛.
encompass (with protection)
come about, assemble round
march or go about
enclose, envelop
Hiph.
turn (trans.), cause to turn
bring over (i.e. to allegiance)
turn into, of changing name
= bring round, of changing name
cause to go around
surround with (acc.) wall
perh. also encompass (as foe)
Hoph.
be turned, of cart wheel
surrounded, i.e. set, of jewels
base
H5437 סָבַב turn about, go around, surround .. turn, intrans.
. . march, or walk, around
. go partly round, circle, skirt
. make a round, or circuit, go about to
. surround, encompass
. . . turn oneself against, close round upon
. turn round (from a direct course)
. esp. of boundary: turn round from, toward
. pass. be turned over to, into the power of
. to change, transform, the aspect of the matter
. . encompass (with protection)
. come about, assemble round
. march or go about
. enclose, envelop
. . . turn (trans.), cause to turn
. bring over (i.e. to allegiance)
. turn into, of changing name
. = bring round, of changing name
. . cause to go around
. surround with (acc.) wall
. perh. also encompass (as foe)
. . be turned, of cart wheel
. surrounded, i.e. set, of jewels
5437 cabab saw-bab'
a primitive root; to revolve, surround, or border; used in
various applications, literally and figuratively (as
follows):--bring, cast, fetch, lead, make, walk, X whirl, X
round about, be about on every side, apply, avoid, beset
(about), besiege, bring again, carry (about), change, cause to
come about, X circuit, (fetch a) compass (about, round),
drive, environ, X on every side, beset (close, come, compass,
go, stand) round about, inclose, remove, return, set, sit
down, turn (self) (about, aside, away, back).
סָבַב (sa.vav) — to turn: turn.
: turn/bring_around
1) to turn, turn about or around or aside or back or towards, go about or around, surround, encircle, change direction
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to turn, turn about, be brought round, change
1a2) to march or walk around, go partly around, circle about, skirt, make a round, make a circuit, go about to, surround, encompass
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to turn oneself, close round, turn round
1b2) to be turned over to
1c) (Piel) to turn about, change, transform
1d) (Poel)
1d1) to encompass, surround
1d2) to come about, assemble round
1d3) to march, go about
1d4) to enclose, envelop
1e) (Hiphil)
1e1) to turn, cause to turn, turn back, reverse, bring over, turn into, bring round
1e2) to cause to go around, surround, encompass
1f) (Hophal)
1f1) to be turned
1f2) to be surrounded
סָבַב (sa.vav) — to turn: surround.
: surround/go_round
Conj | V-Niphal-3ms — Verb · Niphal · sequential perfect third person masculine singularHc/VNq3ms
גְּבוּל (gbuwl) refers to a border or boundary, often implying a defined territory. It can denote a physical limit, such as a coast or landmark, and can also have figurative uses, like a region of darkness. The word is derived from a root meaning 'cord' and encompasses various meanings related to boundaries and territories.
גְּבוּל 240 n.m. border, boundary, territory
border, boundary
territory (enclosed within boundary)
base
H1366 גְּבוּל border, boundary, territory
1366 gbuwl gheb-ool'
or (shortened) gbul {gheb-ool'}; from 1379; properly, a cord
(as twisted), i.e. (by implication) a boundary; by extens. the
territory inclosed:--border, bound, coast, X great, landmark,
limit, quarter, space.
see HEBREW for 01379
גְּבוּל (ge.vul) — border: boundary.
: boundary
1) border, territory
1a) border
1b) territory (enclosed within boundary)
1c) region, territory (of darkness) (fig.)
Also means: ge.vul (גְּבוּל ": area" H1366H)
גְּבוּל (ge.vul) — border: area.
: area
1) border, territory
1a) border
1b) territory (enclosed within boundary)
1c) region, territory (of darkness) (fig.)
Art | N-ms — Particle · noun common masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ncmsa
עַצְמוֹן (atsmown) refers to a location called Azmon, situated on the southern border of Canaan. The name is derived from a root meaning 'bone-like.' The entries consistently identify Azmon as a place, with no significant disagreement among the lexicons.
עַצְמוֹן n.pr.loc. on extreme S. border of Canaan
base
H6111 עַצְמוֹן, עַצְמֹן
6111 `Atsmown ats-mone'
or iAtsmon {ats-mone'}; from 6107; bone-like; Atsmon, a place
near Palestine:--Azmon.
see HEBREW for 06107
עַצְמוֹן (ats.mon) — Azmon.
§ Azmon = "strong"
a place on the extreme southern border of Canaan
Prep | N-proper — Preposition · noun properHR/Npl
(strong), a place named as being on the southern boundary of the Holy Land, apparently near the torrent of Egypt (Wadi el-Arish). (Numbers 34:4,5; Joshua 15:4) It has not yet been identified.
bone of a bone; our strength
נַ֫חַל (*nachal*) primarily refers to a torrent or stream, often associated with a valley or wadi where water flows, particularly in winter. It can also denote a shaft of a mine. Additionally, the term may relate to palm trees in certain contexts. The word appears in various forms in the Old Testament, including references in Psalms and Ezekiel.
נַ֫חַל n.m. torrent, torrent-valley, wady
base
[נַ֫חַל] n.[m.] perh. palm-tree;—only pl. abs., Nu 24:6
ref
H5158a נַ֫חַל torrent, torrent-valley, wady H5158b נַ֫חַל perh. palm-tree
5158 nachal nakh'-al
or (feminine) nachlah (Psalm 124:4) {nakh'-law}; or nachalah
(Ezekiel 47:19; 48:28) {nakh-al-aw'}; from 5157 in its
original sense; a stream, especially a winter torrent; (by
implication) a (narrow) valley (in which a brook runs); also a
shaft (of a mine):--brook, flood, river, stream, valley.
see HEBREW for 05157
נַ֫חַל (na.chal) — torrent: river.
: river/bed
1) torrent, valley, wadi, torrent-valley
1a) torrent
1b) torrent-valley, wadi (as stream bed)
1c) shaft (of mine)
Also means: na.chal (נַ֫חַל ": valley" H5158N)
נַ֫חַל (na.chal) — palm-tree.
palm-tree
נַ֫חַל (na.chal) — Brook.
§ palm-tree
נַ֫חַל (na.chal) — (Eshcol) Valley.
Combined with esh.kol (אֶשְׁכֹּל " of Eshcol" H0812H)
§ palm-tree
נַ֫חַל (na.chal) — (Shittim) Valley.
Combined with shit.tim (שִׁטִּים " of Shittim" H7851H)
§ palm-tree
נַ֫חַל (na.chal) — (Sorek) Valley.
Combined with s.vo.req (שֹׂרֵק " of Sorek" H7796)
§ palm-tree
נַ֫חַל (na.chal) — Brook.
§ palm-tree
נַ֫חַל (na.chal) — Brook.
palm-tree
Another name of shi.chor (שִׁיחוֹר "Shihor" H7883G)
נַ֫חַל (na.chal) — Brook.
palm-tree
Another name of shi.chor (שִׁיחוֹר "Shihor" H7883G)
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHNcmsc/Sd
מִצְרַ֫יִם (mitsrayim) refers to Egypt, a country in northeastern Africa known for the Nile River. The term can denote both the land and its inhabitants, the Egyptians. It is derived from a dual form suggesting Upper and Lower Egypt, and is linked to the biblical figure Mizraim, a son of Ham. The lexicons note its significance in the context of the table of nations.
מִצְרַ֫יִם 681 n.pr.terr. et gent. Egypt, Egyptians
of land, Egypt
combinations
of people:
in table of nations, personif. as second son of Ham
= Egypt (as a people), Egyptians
base
H4714 מִצְרַ֫יִם Egypt, Egyptians . . of land, Egypt
. combinations
. of people: . in table of nations, personif. as second son of Ham
. = Egypt (as a people), Egyptians
4714 Mitsrayim mits-rah'-yim
dual of 4693; Mitsrajim, i.e. Upper and Lower Egypt:--Egypt,
Egyptians, Mizraim.
see HEBREW for 04693
מִצְרַ֫יִם (mits.ra.yim) — Egypt.
§ Egypt = "land of the Copts"
a country at the northeastern section of Africa, adjacent to Palestine, and through which the Nile flows
Egyptians = "double straits"
מִצְרַ֫יִם (mits.ra.yim) — Egypt.
A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.10.6;
son of: Ham (H2526);
brother of: Canaan (H3667), Cush (H3568) and Put (H6316);
father of: Ludim (H3866), Anamim (H6047), Lehabim (H3853), Naphtuhim (H5320), Pathrusim (H6625), Casluhim (H3695) and Caphtorim (H3732)
§ Egypt = "land of the Copts"
1) a country at the northeastern section of Africa, adjacent to Palestine, and through which the Nile flows
Egyptians = "double straits"
adj
2) the inhabitants or natives of Egypt
מִצְרַ֫יִם (mits.ra.yim) — (Sea of) Egypt.
§ Egypt = "land of the Copts"
N-proper — Noun properHNpl
e'-jipt:
I. THE COUNTRY
1. The Basis of the Land 2. The Nile Valley 3. Earliest Human Remains 4. Climate 5. Conditions of Life 6. The Nile 7. The Fauna 8. The Flora 9. The Prehistoric Races
II. THE HISTORY
1. 1st and 2nd Ages: Prehistoric 2. 3d Age: Ist and IInd Dynasties 3. 4th Age: IIIrd through VIth Dynasties 4. 5th Age: VIIth through XIVth Dynasties 5. 6th Age: XVth through XXIVth Dynasties 6. 7th Age: XXVth Dynasty to Roman Times 7. 8th Age: Arabic 8. Early Foreign Connections
III. THE OLD TESTAMENT CONNECTIONS
1. Semitic Connections 2. Abramic Times 3. Circumcision 4. Joseph 5. Descent into Egypt 6. The Oppression 7. The Historic Position 8. The Plagues 9. Date of the Exodus 10. Route of the Exodus 11. Numbers of the Exodus 12. Israel in Canaan 13. Hadad 14. Pharaoh's Daughter 15. Shishak 16. Zerakh 17. The Ethiopians 18. Tahpanhes 19. Hophra 20. The Jews of Syene 21. The New Jerusalem…
Egypt
The land of the Nile and the pyramids, the oldest kingdom of which we have any record, holds a place of great significance in Scripture.
The Egyptians belonged to the white race, and their original home is still a matter of dispute. Many scholars believe that it was in Southern Arabia, and recent excavations have shown that the valley of the Nile was originally inhabited by a low-class population, perhaps belonging to the Nigritian stock, before the Egyptians of history entered it. The ancient Egyptian language, of which the latest form is Coptic, is distantly connected with the Semitic family of speech.
Egypt consists geographically of two halves, the northern being the Delta, and the southern Upper Egypt, between Cairo and the First Cataract. In the Old Testament, Northern or Lower Egypt is called Mazor, “the fortified land” (Isa.…
(land of the Copts), a country occupying the northeast angle of Africa. Its limits appear always to have been very nearly the same. It is bounded on the north by the Mediterranean Sea, on the east by Palestine, Arabia and the Red Sea, on the south by Nubia, and on the west by the Great Desert. It is divided into upper Egypt --the valley of the Nile --and lower Egypt, the plain of the Delta, from the Greek letter; it is formed by the branching mouths of the Nile, and the Mediterranean Sea. The portions made fertile by the Nile comprise about 9582 square geographical miles, of which only about 5600 is under cultivation. --Encyc. Brit. The Delta extends about 200 miles along the Mediterranean, and Egypt is 520 miles long from north to south from the sea to the First Cataract. NAMES. --The common name of Egypt in the Bible is "Mizraim." It is in the dual number, which indicates the two…
A celebrated country in the north of Africa, at the eastern part of the Mediterranean Sea. The Hebrews called it Mizraim, Ge 10:6, and hence it is now called by the Arabs, Mizr. The Greeks and Romans called it Aegyptus, whence Egypt; but the origin of this name is unknown.
The habitable land of Egypt is for the most part a great valley, through which the river Nile pours its waters, extending in a straight line from north to south, and skirted on the east and west by ranges of mountains, which approach and recede from the river more or less in different parts. Where this valley terminates, towards the north, the Nile divides itself, about forty or fifty miles from the seacoast, into several arms, which inclose the so-called Delta. The ancients numbered seven arms and mouths; the eastern was that of Pelusium, now that of Tineh; and the…
The Hebrew word הָיָה (hayah) is a primitive root meaning to exist or become, and it encompasses a range of meanings including to happen, occur, and come to pass. It is often used in narrative contexts, particularly in phrases like "and it came to pass." The word can also denote a state of being or existence, and it appears frequently in various forms throughout the Old Testament.
הָיָה 3570 vb. fall out, come to pass, become, be
Qal
Fall out, happen
occur, take place, come about, come to pass
esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass
וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)
rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה
less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)
Come into being, become
abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come
sq. prep.
become
sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)
sq. pred. adj.
become like
sq. pred. לְ pers.
sq. לְ pred.
oft. c. לְ pred. לְ pers.
with עַל and לְ
sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of
Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming)
exist, be in existence
abide, remain, continue
with word of locality, be in or at a place, be situated, stand, lie
as copula, joining subj. & pred.
H1961 הָיָה fall out, come to pass, become, be .. . . Fall out, happen
. occur, take place, come about, come to pass
. esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass . . וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)
. rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה
. less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)
. Come into being, become . . abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come
. sq. prep.
. become . sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)
. sq. pred. adj.
. become like
. sq. pred. + לְ pers.
. sq. לְ pred.
. oft. c. לְ pred. + לְ pers.
. with עַל and לְ
. sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of
. Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming) . exist, be in existence
. abide, remain, continue
1961 hayah haw-yaw
a primitive root (compare 1933); to exist, i.e. be or become,
come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or
auxiliary):--beacon, X altogether, be(-come), accomplished,
committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint,
fall, + follow, happen, X have, last, pertain, quit
(one-)self, require, X use.
see HEBREW for 01933
הָיָה (ha.yah) — to be.
1) to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out
1a) (Qal)
1a1) ---
1a1a) to happen, fall out, occur, take place, come about, come to pass
1a1b) to come about, come to pass
1a2) to come into being, become
1a2a) to arise, appear, come
1a2b) to become
1a2b1) to become
1a2b2) to become like
1a2b3) to be instituted, be established
1a3) to be
1a3a) to exist, be in existence
1a3b) to abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time)
1a3c) to stand, lie, be in, be at, be situated (with word of locality)
1a3d) to accompany, be with
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to occur, come to pass, be done, be brought about
1b2) to be done, be finished, be gone
Conj | V-Qal-3cp — Verb · Qal · sequential perfect third person common pluralHc/Vqq3cp
תּוֹצָאָה (towtsa'ah) refers to the concept of an outgoing or exit, often associated with geographical boundaries or figurative meanings like deliverance and source. It can denote extremities, borders, or even an escape from death. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to go out' and appears only in the plural form.
[תּוֹצָאָה] n.f. outgoing, extremity, source (?), escape
base
H8444 תּוֹצָאָה
8444 towtsa'ah to-tsaw-aw'
or totsaah {to-tsaw-aw'}; from 3318; (only in plural
collective) exit, i.e. (geographical) boundary, or
(figuratively) deliverance, (actively) source:--border(-s),
going(-s) forth (out), issues, outgoings.
see HEBREW for 03318
תּוֹצָאָה (to.tsa.ah) — outgoing.
1) outgoing, border, a going out, extremity, end, source, escape
1a) outgoing, extremity (of border)
1b) source (of life)
1c) escape (from death)
HNcfpc/Sp3ms — Noun common feminine plural construct · suffixHNcfpc/Sp3ms
יָם (yam) means 'sea' and refers to various large bodies of water, including the Mediterranean, Red, and Dead Seas, as well as the Sea of Galilee. It can also denote a mighty river like the Nile and has geographical implications, indicating directions such as west or south. The term is derived from a root meaning to roar, suggesting the noise of breaking surf.
יָם 390 n.m. sea
base
H3220 יָם sea
3220 yam yawm
from an unused root meaning to roar; a sea (as breaking in
noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the
article), the Mediterranean Sea; sometimes a large river, or
an artifical basin; locally, the west, or (rarely) the
south:--sea (X -faring man, (-shore)), south, west (-ern,
side, -ward).
יָם (yam) — sea.
: sea
1) sea
1a) Mediterranean Sea
1b) Red Sea
1c) Dead Sea
1d) Sea of Galilee
1e) sea (general)
1f) mighty river (Nile)
1g) the sea (the great basin in the temple court)
1h) seaward, west, westward
יָם (yam) — sea: west.
: west
1) sea
1a) Mediterranean Sea
1b) Red Sea
1c) Dead Sea
1d) Sea of Galilee
1e) sea (general)
1f) mighty river (Nile)
1g) the sea (the great basin in the temple court)
1h) seaward, west, westward
יָם (yam) — (Mt. Ephron in the) West.
This name means sea, seaward, westward
Another name of eph.ron (עֶפְרוֹן "(Mount )Ephron" H6085H)
Art | N-ms | Suff — Particle · noun common masculine singular absolute · suffixHTd/Ncmsa/Sd