Romans 9 Part B

Well, that's the I would say that's the common relationship and that's the one common factor between them. Is there something you're trying to bring out a nuance? I don't see him. No.

No, it's just I think that he is whether it's viewed natural my brethren or national kinsmen according to the flesh. It's got to be what's fundamental. That's what he's going to.

He's good. Oh, that's good. That's good.

Yes, you get close in Ephesians. Then you get for us. It's of the we will change strange and common for Israel.

But now we are fellow citizens of the Saints and of the household of God family and nation. So it's a it's a wish here really that is is impossible in its accomplishment, but he's really telling us that had it been possible it would avail it would avail to secure the desired end. That's good.

Yeah, absolutely. And there is a distinction with chapter 10 verse 1 to brethren. My heart's desire and prayer to God where that's a spiritual relationship.

That's right. This is the earthly relationship. That's good.

John. Yes, that's right. And that's the claim.

They were holding on to. That's right. Yeah, we're on Earthly ground at the moment.

And that is the problem that they were they were merely thinking on a natural level. They hadn't risen up and seen the purposes of God and the dealings of God. Now, we must move on.

Please. We're even the title Israelites immediately introduces covenant, doesn't it? That's right. And that's one of the strong points that would hold them relative to what they had should be sufficient, right? And that's it is what he's going to deal with here.

Yeah. Yeah. Israel rejected their Messiah, but his deity is is absolutely stated here who is overall God blessed forever.

Exactly right. And you'll see now. This is where modern translations often go awry.

There might be variations. The only allowable one I can see is Christ, who is God overall blessed forever. I mean, you might understand that, but outside that you're transgressing, going beyond and and some people put full stops in to to cut off Christ from God, but it's not most.

It's a comma taking on and Moses make a small rearrangement of the words, but don't move away, please, from the fact that Christ is God around simply that Christ is God. He's overall one of the great outstanding words of Romans is the word all Paul's gospel. All's you could look at lovely thought going through Romans Paul's gospel.

All's and he's blessed forever. He's indeed to be well spoken of forever. Another characteristic word is the amen, isn't it? Tracing the amens through John through through Romans.

Yeah, this is one of them creation chapter one deity chapter eight and so on. That's right. These little at least look either look like doxologies or our doxologies.

But end in this one wonderful full stop. Amen. Amen.

Now we're ready to move on please because we've got a lot to go yet. And some some things hard to be understood. There are many believers who would just put it there and move on.

They are hard to be understood Peter said that about Paul's writings. Some of them are but they're not to be passed over. And this is important in verse 6 not as though and in Mr. Newbery puts in but to contrast behind all this a thoughts in people's minds, maybe expressed maybe unexpressed about doubting what Paul was saying and he answers no but not as though the word of God had come to nothing the Bible promises.

The things that God said would happen future blessings for Israel. Is it all gone? Where's he gone? Is the Bible reliable? Now that's what he's going to address in a moment. And yeah, of course the answer is yes, but you have to understand how to look at your Bible and look at the promises of God and look at those relationships that he'll talk about in a moment, but you're not not based on natural things, but on on Divine Choice promise election, etc.

So would you say brother that in the foregoing part of the epistle? His brother skates has told us that he has dealt with the justification of man in a sense here in verse 6. He's now going to justify God God's promises will be brought to fruition and God's word will stand. Thank you. John and the big question.

Is there a righteousness of God? It's a very very important question. Would you think brother Barnes this verse is the first hint of election that we have for the remnant? They are not all Israel which are Israel in other words both Ishmael and Esau they were set aside and God had purposes for other family members. Absolutely.

And of course if you if you work this all the way through the Jews would have been appalled if you'd said to them and God's blessings come to Ishmaelites and Edomites. We would appalled by that. But Paul says that's what you're saying.

That's exactly what you're saying here. If it's merely according to the flesh. So he's telling us really that the number of those that are of Israel is not determined by natural descent because that's why links it with Abraham.

Right right faith. That's right. And the words as our brother Erica saying that the thought comes in now and it's there in Isaac shall I see be called it's calling it's their vocation election vocation and all these other things that come along and it was God that did the calling.

Yes. He determined that the seed would come through Isaac. That's right by supernatural means and he calls one.

It didn't call the other one. Now this is election God election again. It's this emotive term.

It's it means selection means choice. God chose God's allowed to choose. That's all point.

What he's saying here. God can choose. He's God.

Someone has said if you try to try to reason it out, you'll lose your mind. Yeah, but if you accept it, you keep happy. That's good.

I like could he say that again at everybody here? Very helpful. If you try to reason out election, you can lose your mind. But if you accept it as God says you keep happy.

Thank you. I think it's important isn't it brother and speaking now for the younger ones because this question arises a lot and connection with election. Our wisdom is in dealing with election is always begin with God, right? Don't try to bring it into the natural realm always begin with God.

Yes, and he is always going to point us to Christ. Once we get that connection there in election that settles it. Yeah, and the only step you need to take then it says God chose to make man responsible.

God chose to do that and we live within those parameters. Now, it's always helpful to me and I've never moved from this was a young believer to be taught that here. It's like the railway track to parallel lines.

They don't join and they never can now then it pursued a career in mathematics and people would tell me they joined in Infinity. Well, they don't never join the whole parallel line has never joined if they're properly parallel and it just goes on and on and you will never make them touch and join or cross isn't a meeting point. And so these are two things that just coexist for us in the mind of God.

All is clear in our minds. We see two things and they go on and on and we live with them and enjoy them. Amen in the Barnes.

I I think of one passage that to me is marvelous in that it is an illustration of this very thing the shipwreck in acts 27. Yes, you've thought about it. I can tell yourself Paul says that God had given him all those that were on the ship.

So no life would be lost now. That was a divine promise. So we ask ourselves could that be violated and the answer is no but later on in Chapter 27 when some are about to get out of the ship Paul says except you abide in the ship you cannot be saved now, which one of those were true.

Yeah, both were true. And I would say chat the earlier statement links with Chapter 9 and the next statement links with Chapter 10 whosoever shall call upon the name of the Lord shall be saved and we cannot bring those two statements in Acts 27 together, but we can keep happy by believing both. Amen.

That's very helpful. Thank you, brother. Yes, I think that's something to be enjoyed there.

So so are we learning in this section brother first number eight. It tells us about children of the flesh and the Jew could object to Paul, but I am Abraham seed. I have the fleshly link.

How can you tell me that I am not now linked and he goes back. This is no new thing. This took place at the very beginning.

Yes in the very inception Isaac and Ishmael. There was a division through the children of the flesh one had a spiritual link, right? And that's exactly right. And irrespective what happened the next thing irrespective what happened afterwards that didn't determine it was God's choice.

And of course they said sorry just to say they'd say they'd said the same to the Lord. Jesus. We are Abraham's children.

It's the common thing Paul didn't it was no new thing Paul just experienced what the Lord Jesus had experienced. Well, you see first John John 1 and 13 almost as a commentary upon what he's dealing with here, which were born not of blood or of the will of the flesh nor of the will of man, but of God born of God and by the way, it's interesting there as well born of God, but at the same place it's receiving and believing. There's a nice balance as well.

Sure receiving believing born of God. He's going to tell us not of him that willeth nor of him that run it right. So there was Isaac who willed yes, and there was Esau who ran good, but yet they didn't get it still came in God's purposes.

That's right. Good. Yes, it's interesting.

You brought up John 8 because as you pointed out we're dealing here with groups, but the Lord Jesus is dealing with individuals in John 8 because not all the Jews not all Israel were off the father of the devil. They claimed the relationship with Abraham Abraham our father. So as individuals there's a spiritual side of it as far as the Lord is concerned.

Yes, you're off your father the devil. Yes, but here it's it's a nation. It's really in view and so it's an Isaac that the blessing is going to come right now.

We say we're up to verse 11. It's not clear. Say we're up to verse 11 children being not yet born.

So it's not determined. I says neither having done good or evil. So good having a bit lived a good life or a worthless life.

I think that's the idea here. It's not evil in that sense, but worthless here was one who spiritually live generally speaking a good life. The other one a worthless life.

God didn't choose on that basis and that's important as well because God's choice is not based. God's not forced to choose according to his foreknowledge. No, that's another thing.

That's right. That's people get around things by saying that sometimes that's not true. I know these these again they exist and coexist but God knew who would live a good and a worthless life, but he didn't choose on that basis.

So the Sovereign Council, the Sovereign choice of God is conducted in absolute righteousness. Yes, there is no unrighteousness with God and as they as the clay we have no complaint against the potter. He's doing things perfectly.

So as you said already we could never understand election because that's the Sovereign Council of God. Yes, what we have to do is in faith accept it. Right? So are we right in thinking that God's choice here is a matter of the line through which the Messiah is coming? Is that what's in view here in this section? The Messiah came through the Isaac line not the Ishmael line and the Messiah came through Jacob and not through Esau.

That's one and I would add to that the promises the promises are to Israel. So anything in that list that they had Paul uses the thing to move through and of course, it's the it's it's God and Pharaoh comes into this picture as well. So it's God's purposes worked out through Pharaoh with regard to Israel as well and back of it all the validity of the purpose of God.

It is absolutely solid. It will take place just like he said his word is truth. Brother, would you allow me to bring in just to suggest predestination here over against a choice election that has to do with purposes.

Yes, but predestination has to do with this purposes persons and purposes. Yes, the election is choosing a choice of people. Yeah, and predestination is for a purpose or a place.

Yeah, I take it as well a pre-God predetermines a place exactly the purpose. That's Romans 8. Yeah, you've mentioned for us the quotation of Old Testament scriptures. So give us some help now verse 13 lest any should think that God hated Esau before he was born.

Yes, when was this scripture actually quoted? Yes, this comes from Malachi of course right at the end of the Old Testament and it comes with respect to the fact that it was there. It is not it's not a commentary after his after a lot of history. So here is God now saying look I made my choice and here is the one who I love the other I hated you can view it.

I take it some people sort of get around this by saying it's all relative, but it's not that but I think God God has looked back at the nation. Then it not the person that's exactly the nation and God has said this is what they turned out to be worthless. He restored Jacob.

Yes, but Edom had rejected everything and he said eat him. So it's not a personal hatred of God against Esau before he was born. This is a commentary on the nation.

Absolutely right years later. Isn't it not individual the result though of God's determination relative to the individual so that there were nations that came from those individuals to which this applies. Yes, but I think that Salvation was still open to every eater might do and link himself with the nation of Israel.

Yeah, absolutely. Yeah, we're not talking about individual Salvation. Yes, we've moved and that's the purpose to begin with it was God's choice of a person the commentary in verse 13 as we've said is about here about a nation.

And by the way, it's very interesting. When you do some statistics on Old Testament quotations in Romans, you find the first eight chapters. The average is one and a half verses from the Old Testament quoted the chapter you come to 9 10 and 11 and it's 10 and for the rest for it's two.

So here it's Paul citing these because he's talking to people who would take them as evidence and as an authoritative argument. He's talked to Gentiles before they don't know the Old Testament so much. He'll quote but here the dominant and reading through time and again a particularly seems to favor Isaiah, but nevertheless here indeed the great evangelical prophet but here is consistent use of Old Testament for people who would understand and appreciate and demand it and demand it.

So God speaking about Jacob. He said he loves him. He said he's a prince with God Bible said.

He's a plain man or a perfect man and he's speaking about Esau. God says I hated I hated him for his works and he's called a profane person who despised his birthright rather than be careful speaking against a man that God loves. That's right.

Now again in the context in Malachi, of course God had said many times over this is what I've never and they says here we're in we're in hustle of this and that's a sad situation when God indeed quote is quoting this here. Jacob have I love not Israel have I loved but Jacob and the twister God loved the twister and kept on loving him right to the end right to Malachi right to Malachi. That's the context what brother Higgins suggested.

If you looked at Malachi chapter 1, I looked at it last night. He's saying not only Esau have I hated but his heritage. Yes, the whole heritage absolutely the Edomites.

Yes, because the sense really that we have to remember remind ourself again is that this is justifying God. Yes is not so much looking at the individuals that God is using that in this passage to confirm for us the statement that's on the end of verse 14. Is there unrighteousness with God God forbid? That's right.

So God is being justified in all his choices as he's in relation to the nation as of Israel. I wasn't because of the faithfulness of Israel in Malachi's day. Even that God used that nation to introduce Christ.

That's right. The remnant was failing in Malachi and in spite of it God still introduced the Lord Jesus. So are those things born out at the end of verse number 12 also because he says the elders shall serve the younger did that ever happen in the life of Jacob and Esau.

No, that's right. So it's a national link. Yes.

Yes, but there was a subservience in the things of God. It was but it was the other way around in the book of Genesis. The younger did serve the the older.

Yes. Yeah, that's that's naturally. That's right.

That's not your day in a future day. Israel will have the supremacy among the nations on the absolutely the kings of the earth relation to Jerusalem. We'll bring their glory into it.

That's right. Absolutely. Now then verse 14 brethren.

What should we say then? What shall we say? So what we have to say is the question is answered and it will yet be answered is there and righteousness of God will the God of all the judge of all the earth do right. That's a great important question. God was going to judge and then the city and Abraham that that's when it comes up question of judgment is God righteous and then God forbid or perhaps the better is because the phrase God forbid is not actually the translation.

It's silly by no means no way impossible. I'd say in your palace. No way.

It's certainly not true. It's a strong negative. No, no says Paul God is not unrighteous and verse 15 because the most one of the most important words in the New Testament is the word for it introduces the justification for statements just made John 3 16 begins with for you must understand why it's there what is there for and it goes back to verse 15, which ends with the same thing and it says the believers will have an eternal life and then it says why because God so loved the world said that's the justification and here what's the justification given.

This is because he says to Moses. I will have mercy on whom I will have mercy of compassion on will I have compassion here are people in need of compassion everybody every person everybody's failed whether you go down this list Jacob failed etc. And everybody failed and everybody's in need of mercy.

That is God looking down and taking appropriate action for the people in need. He comes along in his love sees the desperate state. We're in that's the idea of mercy and then and compassion doesn't look to God's action so much in mercy, but compassion looks to his heart.

Compassion in itself does nothing. It just feels mercy does things. So it's mercy and compassion.

We might have compassion and do nothing. We really feel for something. So it's the heart of God and the actions of God.

So in Deuteronomy 14 God looked upon the earth and he saw all the nations and he says I chose you Israel to be a peculiar people unto me from all the nations of the earth. That was Divine choice his will and his righteousness was maintained. Yes, but again, it's against the background.

Yeah of total failure of all the nations at the tower. That's right. God decides to pick one nation to use as a channel to show his glory to the other nations.

Yeah shows just as here God's Sovereign Mercy is always against the background of man's total failure and unworthiness and undeservingness of anything. Abraham Abraham was an idolater. Yeah, and the God of Glory appeared to our father Abraham.

Chapter 3 all have sinned chapter 6. The whole world is guilty before God. So everybody's on the same plane and God reaches down in mercy his Sovereign choice. Yeah, so that's why right? So God is free to choose and when he does so he's absolutely righteous and doing it doing it and he does it from a heart of love.

Yeah, and it's his glory. That's the point right? So doesn't when he talks about Moses here brother the occasion when they came down and saw them dancing around the Golden Calf was a 3,000 people destroyed and the rest were spared. That's right.

So again, there's God's choice on whom he will he had mercy right and he displayed his righteousness and his mercy, right? So then next next is so now this is another preposition as important as the first one in verse 15 for now, it's so you draw a conclusion now. So then it is not of him that willeth of him that runneth but of God that showeth mercy. So we've got two actions of God in verse 15 God having mercy God having compassion now in verse 16 two actions of men him that willeth him that runneth here's the man and it's he's got the he's got purposes of mind.

Here's the other man who's got actions brother Barnes. What is the little word it I know it's an italics here, but the thought so then it is not of him that willeth just for clarity. What is that referring to? What is it that he's speaking of? We have behind all this is in the context here is is getting hold of God's blessing getting hold of God's purpose being in God's purpose the subject of his mercy.

Yeah. How do you get that and it appears indeed? It's not off. It doesn't arise doesn't originate in man.

It originates in God's actions and God's thoughts not in man's actions and God a man's thoughts willing and runneth going along with mercy and compassion. So his mercy is on whom he will have mercy, right? So are we learning in this section that both Moses and Pharaoh are representative of nations and at this point they neither deserve mercy. Absolutely, right? Because right Israel had sinned in the rejection with the calf Pharaoh had rejected the mercy of God that was shown to him.

But Moses his attitude was different to that of Pharaoh. He prostrated himself before God and God showed his mercy to the man Pharaoh hardened himself and as a consequence then God God hardened. That's exactly isn't the wider context.

I will have mercy on whom I will have mercy. That is if God brings in Gentiles to blessing. He's absolutely free to do that.

Yes. I mean in the context here, it'll be it will be in a moment Pharaoh is a Gentile for purpose. He brings him into his purpose.

He's used Moses. Yeah, but he used Pharaoh. Yeah as well for his purposes.

Yes, he'll demonstrate his Glory as well. But but is there unrighteousness with God isn't that against the background of if God brings in the Gentiles and sets Israel aside? Is that unrighteous? No God kind of mercy on whom he will have mercy. Yes.

So he establishes doesn't he force brother that neither human sin or human stubbornness right affects his purposes because you got that with Pharaoh and Moses and the people relative to the calf very good. So Pharaoh was given power and authority. And God raised him up for the purposes of his Glory.

Yes, but Pharaoh then went his way. He hardened his heart. He determined to destroy the people of God and God judged him for that if he'd never done that I might have been a different story, but it wasn't that's what he did.

And then God hardened his heart. God says that's the path you're going on. I'll keep you on it.

Yes, and you can see it ultimately the God's purposes worked out and the fear of Israel went throughout all the land that he was God. Yeah, what he'd done word got around didn't even the internet but they got around they all heard not of him that will have can we bring the pistol of James in here? It's of his own. Will you get here? It all begins with Washington Regeneration.

Yes, even even when it comes to individual believers today a desire to be saved comes from God. It's not Arminianism. No, no, you know, you must that's right and interesting thing behind all this.

I've found the most interesting one comment and it's the question who chose whom? Yeah. Yeah. Did we choose Christ? Choose us.

He answers both is true. That's and that God had to be working in our lives of his own will of his own will we had to be responsible. That's right.

Who chose whom both? So just to summarize we have God's promise Isaac not Ishmael then God's purpose in Jacob and not Esau God's pity and reinstating Israel after the issue of the golden calf. Yeah, and now God's power displayed in Pharaoh. Yeah, God revealing himself through history.

Thanks John and it's those five things. I think that come as a matter of choice. Everyone is a matter of choice God's choice John over there William.

That's all right. So it would have been possible for Pharaoh to obtain mercy. Absolutely.

Yes. Yes. It wasn't that God predetermined and that this man would make this choice.

No God gave him plenty of opportunity. Where do we have to I take it now that we're rushing on what should we say then? I think if we imagine now we're for the sake of time. We are up to verse 18.

Therefore you have mercy on him again a repeat but then on whom he will be hard enough. Now this we have to deal with this just to be sure that we've covered the ground who he will he hardens who does he harden those who pardon their own heart. Who's the whom? Yes whom he will whom he will and God on his heart after giving him plenty of opportunity to repent and he didn't or at least even sometimes he appeared to but he didn't behind it all with stubbornness and increasing stubbornness and isn't this the determinate Council of God here again.

He will according to his determinate Council. Yes, that's what chapter 2 of the act says is not that's right. It is stated in Exodus also brother even when he's dealing with Pharaoh Pharaoh hardened his own heart.

Absolutely says so three or four times. It shows that says that and then it changes. That's right.

God accepted his choice and therefore he used him as a vessel by which he is going to show his Glory towards Israel, right? I think I think you'll find it's three or four times. It says explicitly but implicitly. I think there are half a dozen times when it's clear that he hardened his heart.

Yeah himself of his own volition. He chose to do it and then God chose to harden his heart and says right. That's it finished whatever happens now.

You'll never change your mind. Because you've had your opportunity to waste it interestingly in that connection brother. He made a statement Pharaoh dead.

He said who is God? That's right. And from that point onward God took him at his word. That's that's the change yet.

That's similarly in the life of Jacob and Esau the both did things that were not right. But Esau by nature was a man of the flesh Jacob was not in the Bible does say was a plain man a perfect man and I think Jacob did have spiritual desires. That's why he wanted the birthright the priesthood of the family.

Yeah, but in their lives Jacob put God first eventually Esau never dead and at the end of their lives has been noted as God looks back on their lives the life of Jacob overall, you know brethren just for encouragement. God doesn't punish us forever for one thing wrong for were repented of it David the man who committed adultery who lied and scrabbled on the floor was a man after God's own heart Abraham a man who who deceived and put his wife and a person in jeopardy. God says he's my friend.

So just because you've done something wrong and put things right with God go on in your life. Don't scrabble in the dirt forever after because God will lift you up and make you something and Jacob from what he 40 dead became a man loved by God you would agree brother Barnes that God has really not made any man wicked. Would you agree with that? Absolutely right and that a vessel of wrath because can become a vessel of mercy.

Yes, and you would have an example of that maybe a Nebuchadnezzar would you good? Yes, and I think Cyrus Cyrus. I mean the night I was saved I became a vessel of mercy prior to that. It was a vessel of wrath.

That's right. Amen. Yes.

I remember a comment when someone went into a preacher in Amherst with where we were as a student and they went to a Calvinistic listen to this Calvinistic Baptist who was there the minister and he preached and he came out and said you know what he said God invented sin and blame man. Oh, that's terrible. That's what he said.

And that was his conclusion from the man's preaching but that is the intelligent person. It's the ultimate conclusion Calvinism has to come to exactly wish to attend. Yeah, that was a conclusion.

So God's to blame God is to blame God is to blame so terrible isn't it? And you see that's partly the picture in verse 19. We have to move on please here's an objector to what Paul is quoting someone hypothetical or whatever and he says how thou will say and then and to me why does forget? Why does he find fault? Why is God finding fault with me for who have to resist as well? You just you know, we're robots. Are we robots? No, no, of course not God is the God and he'll say that in a moment who endured a much long-suffering God endured with much long-suffering here.

So back of these questions is really the idea is God fair, right? Well, he's going to show he's not long. He's not heavy-handed or he's not unreasonable, but rather he's long-suffering and merciful, right? But the first that's right, but the first thing in the answer here Paul says is God is God and whatever else he is God is God and why are you resisting God you were formed and you're saying to him was formed. Why has thou made me this and again as if as if God's responsible as God so he begins in verse 20.

He first of all addresses the attitude of the individual that you dare to challenge God and then he deals with the actual issue right the question itself. That's correct. That's correct.

And that's the slightly different so it's not why has done made me but it's why has done made me thus and that goes back to the issue of Pharaoh. Why was it that Pharaoh was raised up onto the plane of history? It was so that God could show his mercy. That's right.

But the person now is repeating the situation. Yeah, I said, oh made me this he's trying to excuse himself for something. Maybe we don't know all the picture, of course, but he's trying to blame God.

So in verse 21, he's not really saying, is he? That God's making the vessel into dishonor because in in verse 22, if you take the part of the middle voice, it's vessels of wrath putting themselves into destruction. He's using the example of the potter and the power of the potter to fashion the clay as he will. As he will.

Now is going to show us in the next two verses vessels of wrath and that's what they've done fitted themselves to destruction vessels of mercy prepared a forehand and to glory. So it clarifies in verse 22 and 23 what he's saying in verse 21, would you allow that the prepared for is by conversion and Earth rather than some decision back in Eternity. These were the only ones when you weren't prepared.

You weren't prepared before you were born. You were prepared on Earth. So prepared by Salvation for that.

Of course. Yes. Would you say brother Sandy? He's the yeah.

In reference to brother. Dr. Sandy's question. The preparation is a new following Salvation preparing for Glory.

We're weaving down here. Someone says the garments will wear up there. Yes.

So the preparation is what follows Salvation. Would you allow that? That's very interesting and then that would bring us back to human responsibility because it's the righteousnesses of Saints. Yeah practical ones that have passed by the judgment seat of Christ and rewarded and still exist now burned away.

So that's responsibility down here, but it's God doing it. It's them. He justified then.

He also glorified. I take it. It's it's dealing with those that are justified.

They will be glorified will be sure. So is there is the not make known the riches of his Glory is that a future day? Is that when he presents us as his bride? I was in view. Yes, he appears in great power and Glory and we shall appear with him in Glory.

So we're being prepared now and that started with Salvation. Yeah. Yeah, but he hasn't finished.

But that's it. You were still being molded. The Spirit of God is working in us and we can resist.

We can go against divine purpose, but God's great purpose the purpose of the Lord Jesus Christ announced is for his Glory, but he had a Ford prepared on to Glory. Does that not remove from our thought present preparation in terms of you know reward for how we live? I thought I take it. This was rather in the purpose of God.

He is a for prepared on to Glory everyone that's been justified as a positional thing. Yeah, and his purpose. It's as good as done.

No, that's a must be included. Yeah, I think they're both whatever else God is doing. Yeah, but it's before Glory.

You're being prepared. Yeah, there are four is relation to the Glory that we're going to go into and before that the preparation is before the were justified. So it must take Salvation justification.

So on sanctification calling everything predestination for knowledge the whole the whole the whole you could write a list right? Okay. Now Paul has done this this is arguing round and he brings it right back now to the main line verse 24 us. That's wonderful.

As he said us now he's talked about Old Testament characters. He's talked about God's purposes and now he brings it to the present people whom he's talked about in Salvation before us whom he has called and call fits into the context year of Isaac. So we've got that blessing as well.

Isaac was Paul that was his privilege. We've been called and it's a great calling the scripture says about God's calling. It's his calling.

It's a high calling Holy calling Heavenly calling great calling of God there and it's with Heaven in view. And not not out of the Jews only but also out of the Gentiles and that's now a conclusion. I take it there.

He's back again. This is me to the thinking of these Jewish believers that had difficulty accepting the fact that Gentile dogs as they call them were brought into the same realm of blessing. Yes, they had a problem with that.

Yes, that's right. Just an aside there. It's interesting to notice the pairs in the in the chapter.

You have the the pairs of sons earlier on and then we have Moses and Pharaoh and then we have the the two potteries and then finally he's going to look at two prophets Hosea and Isaiah, right? Good and dealing with verse 24 brother mentioning the Jews. He's not looking now so much at the character of Covenant relationship is he as he is individuals nationality, right? So it's the individual that's in view not so much the nation in that verse. I think we're back now to us us specific people to whom he's right and although later, of course, he's moved away again.

Yeah, we'll yet talk about Gentiles as he's talking about Israel. He'll talk about Gentiles as a group who have to fear. So now we come to the citing of Old Testament scriptures to justify what he said and we get the Gentiles first as we said from 25 down to verse 25 and 26 27 28 are for the Israelite remnant the remnant added together.

It's of course all believers as so so the objector might say where you've proved this on the stage of history, but surely where does it come in the line of biblical teaching? Where can we find this? Well, he says that's very simple. You'll find it in the first of the major prophets and you'll also get it in the first of the minor. You'll get in Hosea.

Also, very good. Very good. John his name is John.

That's a scriptural interesting that the day of Pentecost brother Jose is mentioned in connection with the same subject that's good in relation to yeah, but he's taking it as a partial fulfillment. Isn't it really in relation to the birth of the church, right? Whereas here is not that's not what he has in mind here is taking it back to its original intended prophecy in relation to the nation. Yes, and here we are.

We talked about relationships now. He's again. God is dealing with people not a people Gentiles not a lot of people.

Yeah, and that's again God's unlikely choice not a people and God chooses them not beloved. So in the context of Hosea, this was in relation to Israel in the Millennium. Yes, and the people that God as it were disowned not my people.

Yes, because of their disobedience. He will take them off again in the Millennium. Yeah, but here in the context the wider context, it's God taking up the Gentiles that were not his people and they become the people of God.

He's just showing us. This is a principle upon which we can be guided. On which God works.

This doesn't fulfill that that's what this is a principle of God's working that he takes people that were not his and makes them his first Peter chapter 1 chapter 2 wouldn't have been a natural choice. Yeah, God acts as he will the nation in not becoming his people effectively came into the same position as the Gentiles. Yeah, have you wondered brother why he again and again refers to them as being sons adopted into the family.

That's right. Yes, you might like to talk about a little bit about adoption placing his sons. God has called them sons here called sons of the Living God.

Adoption is not like modern adoption. He meant what I was adopted. I was taken as a couple of days old as a baby put into another family New Testament adoption is when usually a slave grown-up slave male was taken into a family that lacked an heir a man didn't have an heir.

So he brought someone in and that there and then he brought him in and placed him as a son with all the privileges of sonship of today got adoption into the family there. It was adoption into a family but into a position of son that with all the privileges you become an heir immediately because there was there was no air. So you brought in usually a slave someone who was brought in happily and nothing before had everything out because he was a son and then the father then presented in publicly as my son with all the trappings that went along with public presentation.

Yes, good. So where are we first 27 verse 27 now Israel remnant and see And here we have two interesting things number one the number of the children of Israel sand of the sea remnant shall be saved. Then we've got the Lord of Sabaoth Lord of hosts the great innumerable company of angels and God that God has left us a seed like the seed corner, you know, you just take a small amount relative to eventual Harvest is just a small amount see.

Remnants going to be saved here, but her brother who's doing chapter 11 and will probably leave it till then all Israel shall be saved. You have to explain that. Yes, and also that's interesting point when we come to that I don't anticipating that they'll all be saved.

God will save them because they believe that's right. They still believe there's no other way. No, no, no.

Amen. So verse 28. Can you help us there? He will finish the work and cut it short and righteousness.

Can you give us some help on that brother? Well, I take it. It's it's God will bring this thing to an end. God will do it.

It's just a round over. It may be who's saying that maybe others have thoughts of this revised. This is what will happen.

Yeah, there's word right to bring to an end execute his word. Yes, it says purposes. Yeah, the word word and work different translations.

We need to change. Yeah, isn't the stress in righteousness that it will uphold God's righteousness and his and all of his dealings which is right. Yeah, cut it short.

Just do end of it. Yeah, do it right. Yes, his righteousness demands that he do it.

But I think the next verse there to brother. It's very interesting as you mentioned the Lord of hosts how often even in the Old Testament, for example Malachi is linked with a remnant there and 24 times. He uses that title linking himself with a remnant and that's the idea that is here is the faithfulness of God towards even the remnant who is faithful to him.

So is that the faithful remnant in the tribulation? Is it Israel being brought into Millennium blessing? What I'm thinking is the end of verse 28 correct me if I'm wrong because a short work will the Lord make upon the earth. Is that a reference to the tribulation? Well, certainly the remnant will be there and this is I think we are talking here in both contexts both verses about an application of a scripture. Yes.

Yeah, right. We're talking about Israel all the way through sure, but in the immediate context, it's God's purposes and dealing how he operates and God indeed in verse to begin with in the Gentiles, it's that but it's actually about Israel, but here it's it's it's it's put into interview for current remnant that the Jewish believers at that current time, but really long-term the actual application for Israel in the in the tribulation. I must necessarily go there because in this dispensation, it's the church the body that's in view.

Yes initial is not segregated pharmacies made that clear. That's right. So it must be a future day.

That's in view. I can't see any other time now. We got in verse 27 the sand of the sea and a remnant.

A large number going to a small number then we've got in verse 29 a seed going to 0 we had been a Sodom and Gomorrah judged nothing. So we've got a seat and there's still something there's not nothing. There's something.

It's interesting that the two occasions in the New Testament where the Lord of hosts is mentioned are both coming out of Jewish contacts both here and in the book of James James chapter 5 and there are nations today and their great purpose is to annihilate Israel. They want it to disappear. God says it will never disappear.

No need not so practically apart from Salvation. There still will be a nation after the Lord comes will still be here but just so we don't stumble young believers Israel today could be wiped out the nation as it exists right now could be wiped out. That would not frustrate God's purpose.

Amen. They're not there in belief. They're there in unbelief.

That's right as a nation, but not as individual not as not as a people but the nation of Israel could be driven into the sea. No problem. God's purposes would still be fulfilled.

Okay. I'll rephrase what I said. Yeah, the Jewish people will still be there.

Absolutely. Maybe not as a nation called Israel, but as a people they will still be in existence and those nations with their power and might and anger and evil will never destroy them completely. I'm not more Jews outside Israel in this anyway, New York City has a friend from the now what should we say this? What should we say that verse 30, please? The end is night.

We're getting there getting it. We might get to the end 13 minutes. What should we say then? Well now here here Paul again draws back pictures it all and draw some general conclusions.

He said now there's the two approaches here two approaches about the us the Jews Gentiles. What do we say then the Gentiles which followed not after righteous the word follows is to pursue. Yeah, here it is going after it with the intention of getting hold of it and it's effort.

It's demanding. We're going to keep at it. And so you're a Gentiles.

No, we are here a Gentiles pursued not after righteousness. Now notice what they're after in the context. That's what the real thing to get is righteousness.

Not the law righteousness. The real important thing is righteousness and it's the righteousness of God that we want Christ. Indeed.

We'll see eventually made the righteousness of God. We are made the righteous of God in him. So that's what we want righteousness God's righteousness the God who so far dealt with it.

He's proved righteous beyond any any argument. Now we want righteousness that righteousness that is a divine requirement and Divine Standard. We want it.

Well, the Gentiles they weren't pursuing it and here they are suddenly they got hold of it. They got hold of it and it's the righteousness which is originates from faith that kind of righteousness. So that's the gentle position in the gospel and that's maintained today in these things as well.

The Israelite they pursued to but in the wrong direction wasn't that that's right. Verse 30 they were pursuing. Yes, it was their own works that they thought would help.

So the Gentiles been brought into the blessing of Abraham essentially who believed God that was counted on to him for righteousness. Very good. They've let hold upon that.

That's right. Excellent. That's good.

But there's still the exercise of faith. And only the exercise. That's right.

It really makes you think. Then we get the contrast but Israel. They followed after the law of righteousness.

Yeah, so this was works and it was a works and they were pursuing the law of righteousness the Lord and of course it was a misunderstanding. They didn't realize and it'll say later. The purpose of the law is in chapter 10 man do with these things shall live by them and the purpose of the law was actually to show the exceeding sinfulness of sin and it was to condemn man not to commend him and here they were following after with the misapprehension ignorance on the one hand that will be dealt with ignorance and they were going about but there was there was a zeal about it and you can collect to get all the things they were doing as we did the zeal the running and the pursuit and all these things and Paul doesn't he never says they didn't make an effort.

He was a Pharisee. He knew about effort and they were they were and he doesn't deny that effort was made but it was after the wrong end in the Brazil in the law a literal translation is more out of the works of the law. They stumbled at the stumbling stone.

So it was in the conducting in the Brazil for their participation and the works of the law. Yes, you don't became a stumbling stone, right? You don't stumble unless you're moving. That's the idea of stumbling you're moving along and you kid something you didn't you didn't see it.

It was unexpected and it was there and it had all the consequences afterwards, but here were people on the move and they suddenly hit this stumbling stone. She would take brother that the law here is the principle of righteousness that they're really seeking after that they could not attain to could not be established by their own efforts. Yes, and but what they were looking after was they it says they were pursuing the law of righteousness.

They never caught up with it. No, this is demanding thing. And so they didn't catch up the law of righteousness and they never got righteousness because never got there.

Never got to the so what is the law of righteousness? How would we explain it today? You can tell it's good works with an end of getting now because be careful the word because it says here shall live by them to get eternal life. I take it. Yeah, the context is not Salvation Salvation means being saved.

That means you're lost. So that's nothing to do with it. The picture here is a person thinking his own good works will ultimately get him eternal life standing with God.

We're running to the Lord. What shall I do to inherit eternal life today? That word law if we use the word principle of righteousness with that help us today and our under because it's not the law of mosaic. It's not the mosaic law.

That's in view. Well, of course many more get law and it's useless not the law is law any any kind of law therefore by law and it's any effort of human origin thinking you can get eternal life by your own actions and that was the stumbling stone that they stumbled over. Well, it was more than that wasn't it? Because it's ever the Lord Jesus and all that's involved with the gospel Christ.

Yeah from faith in Christ is here. Right? That's the stumbling in verse. Yeah, but in verse 32 for they stumbled at that stumbling stone.

Now, I know it flows on into verse 33 and expands the person of Christ, but it's the stumbling stone. They were stumbling over in verse 32 their misapprehension that by doing the works of the law, they could achieve righteousness with God. Can I turn it the other way around? Yeah, and so they were making every effort and they suddenly tripped over what God wanted.

That's what God put it. There's a as a solid thing. That's the solid thing and they just came along in their own efforts.

They tripped over it and God's solid thing was that it was faith in Christ. Well, isn't that verse 33 that the stumbling stone rock of offense is Christ him. It's a person but it's more than the person.

It's all that connected in the gospel with that person faith in that person because it shall not be ashamed. So it's putting faith whosoever believeth in it's faith in Christ for eternal life. And he'll go on to develop that in chapter 10.

That's right. It's first exactly the first part was brother Barnes. Would you look at the stumbling? Stumbling stone here as an obstacle or more like a trap God had placed it there.

Yeah, could we say that the word here is literally the word scandal. It was originally the trigger of a trap. Yeah, an animal trap and the animal came along unsuspecting and stepped on it and it was trapped.

Yeah, it event it evolved. This idea evolved into the idea of anything you stumbled at that that moved on and caused you offense. So it started off certainly as the trigger of a trap.

Yeah, and then I believe I've looked into this a little and it's moved it moved on to this idea of something that offended good. So you know a big problem today that men have never got over the fact that it's not what you do. Mm-hmm.

It's on whom you believe and they could never understand that and those who work in the gospel come across that constantly. I what can I do? I must do something not believe on someone I was thinking that brother Higgins I could sense some resistance to the word trap and I think if his idea is the same as mine that God never tries to trap people. No, no, no, no.

As I said the idea moved on. It started with scandal on was a trigger and trap it developed and became a picture of a stone in the way you step your foot on it. It hurts you it slowed you down, etc.

It's not as the next didn't fall but they stumbled. I lay in Zion is is that suggesting where the Lord would be crucified? Well, that's a nice suggestion brother. That's interesting in Zion.

And the faith faith in the person of Christ as is mentioned here will leave us with the security and not be ashamed. They can't be no lack there. They were always wanting wanting wanting and never retaining but now I've got it.

So it secures us not so much what we have secured and I take it in the context. God is anticipating the position as Paul would say as a Jew converted you I'm not ashamed as people must have said to Yeah, right. I'm not ashamed.

Yeah, so not be ashamed. Could you comment brother on the the Isaiah quotation where it says he shall not make haste this? Yeah, this that's from the authorized version. I take it and that's based on the on the Jewish on the Hebrew text.

This is from the subjugate. Yes, and this right through many there are many of these verses. We've read if you looked into your test doesn't quite like that.

But this is the Greek for the young folk to understand. This is the Greek translation of the Hebrew Old Testament. And this is what Paul here is quoting from and usually does so what does it mean shall not make haste in the Hebrew? Yeah, you tell me I'm looking at this subjugate.

I've not studied that in depth. Yeah, you might not look for anything else not right haste for anything else. He's found the resting place of his competence.

Well, that's that's excellent principle. That is excellent. Yeah, brother Barnes.

My question was based on what Paul suggests in chapter for 14. He talks about any man putting a stumbling block or an occasion to fall in the way there. You get both of the words.

That's right. That's an obstacle and a trap you get both. Yes.

The net effect of both are going to stop you in your progress. That's right. You're going no further.

Yes, you don't necessarily fall to come into that but you certainly stop and it hurts people were offended. They were hurt on the fact. Yeah, they were hurt by all that Paul told him.

Anyway, we've come now to this. This is the 10th verse cited from the Old Testament in the chapter and another one from Isaiah and it reminds us now and this one particularly of course is Paul speaking of the Jews and of their appreciation and in the following chapters as well. We'll see these very well cited verses and interesting.

Isn't it? These would necessarily be in the verses. We would quote we would look it back and say, oh, yeah, you have to think about them and it's a matter of application often not an exact interpretation of in that context in the future when they were applied completely. What is amazing when you you read especially in 1911 as you pointed out the manifold references to the Septuagint is Paul's amazing knowledge of the Old Testament Scriptures.

He knew them from Genesis to Malachi and he was able to speak speak of in context with regard to his teaching. Well, they say many of the Pharisees of course could quote the Old Testament beginning to end and they could tell you where everything comes from and I take it that would be the Hebrew as well as the Greek that Paul was able and will I mean with the inspiration of Holy Spirit to quote verses and put them in context and use them and they didn't have chapter and verse in those days. We tend to think of the Bible like us when I look for when the Lord was in the synagogue and he opened at the place and Isaiah he just had to get the right scroll and get there.

I don't know if they were marked or not. Some suggest there was markings on them to identify which part of the book they were. I don't know.

Well, thank you brothers and sisters and all the help we've had and I hope we've got those answered questions. Is God righteous? Is he faithful and is the Word of God trustworthy and the answers to the three of them is yes.