γίνομαι (in Ionic prose writings and in common Greek from Aristotle, on for Attic γίγνομαι); (imperfect ἐγινόμην); future γενήσομαι; 2 aorist ἐγενόμην (often in 3 person singular optative γένοιτο; (participle γεναμενος, Luk_24:22 Tdf. edition 7)), and, with no difference in significance, 1 aorist passive ἐγενήθην, rejected by the Atticists (cf. Lob. ad Phryn., p. 108f; (Thomas Magister, Ritschl edition, p. 75, 6f)), not rare in later Greek, common in the Sept. (Act_4:4; 1Th_2:14; 1Co_15:10, etc.), imperative γενηθήτω (Mat_6:10; Mat_15:28, etc.); perfect γεγένημαι and γέγονα, 3 person plural γέγοναν L T Tr WH in Rom_16:7 and Rev_21:6 (cf. (Tdf. Proleg., p. 124; WHs Appendix, p. 166; Sophocles Lexicon, p. 37f; Curtius, Das Verbum, 2:187); Winers Grammar, 36 and 76f (73f); Mullach, p. 16; Buttmann, 43 (37f)), (participle γεγονώς); pluperfect 3 person singular ἐγεγόνει (Joh_6:17 (not Tdf.); Act_4:22 (where L T Tr WH γεγόνει, cf. Winers Grammar, § 12, 9; Buttmann, 33 (29); Tdf.s note on the passage)); to become, and 1. to become, i. e. to come into existence, begin to be, receive being: absolutely, Joh_1:15; Joh_1:30 (ἔμπροσθεν μου γέγονεν); Joh_8:58 (πρίν Ἀβραάμ γενέσθαι); 1Co_15:37 (τό σῶμα τό γενησόμενον); ἐκ τίνος, to be born, Rom_1:3 (ἐκ σπέρματος Δαυίδ); Gal_4:4 (ἐκ γυναικός); Mat_21:19 (μηκέτι ἐκ σου καρπός γένηται, come from); of the origin of all things, Heb_11:3; διά τίνος, Joh_1:3; Joh_1:10. to rise, arise, come on, appear, of occurrences in nature or in life: as γίνεται βροντή, Joh_12:29; ἀστραπή, Rev_8:5; σεισμός, Rev. (); ; γαλήνη, Mat_8:26; Mar_4:39; Luk_8:24; λαῖλαψ, Mar_4:37; γογγυσμός, Act_6:1; ζήτησις, Joh_3:25 (followed by ἐκ of origin; στάσις καί ζήτησις), Act_15:2 (Griesbach questions ζήτησις, Rec. reads συζήτησις); πόλεμος, Rev_12:7; ἡ βασιλεία (or αἱ βασιλεῖαι) κτλ., Rev_11:15; Rev_12:10; χαρά, Act_8:8, and in many other examples Here belong also the phrases γίνεται ἡμέρα it becomes day, day comes on, Luk_4:42; Luk_6:13; Luk_22:66; Act_12:18; Act_16:35; Act_23:12; Act_27:29; Act_27:33; Act_27:39; γίνεσθαι ὀψέ evening comes, Mar_11:19, equivalent to γίνεσθαι ὀψία, Mat_8:16; Mat_14:15; Mat_14:23; Mat_16:2 (T brackets WH reject the passage); ; Mar_14:17; Joh_6:16, etc.; πρωΐα, Mat_27:1; Joh_21:4; νύξ, Act_27:27 (cf. under the word ἐπιγίνομαι 2); σκοτία, Joh_6:17 (not Tdf.). Hence, 2. to become equivalent to to come to pass, happen, of events; a. universally: Mat_5:18; Mat_24:6; Mat_24:20; Mat_24:34; Luk_1:20; Luk_12:54; Luk_21:28; Joh_1:28; Joh_13:19, etc.; τοῦτο γέγονεν, ἵνα etc. this hath come to pass that etc., Mat_1:22; Mat_21:4; Mat_26:56; τά γενόμενα or γινόμενα, Mat_18:31; Mat_27:54; Mat_28:11; Luk_23:48; (cf. τά γενόμενα ἀγαθά, Heb_9:11 L WH text Tr marginal reading); τό γενόμενον, Luk_23:47; τό γεγονός, Mar_5:14; Luk_24:12 (T omits; L Tr brackets; WH reject the verse); Act_4:21; τό ῤῆμα τό γεγονός, Luk_2:15; τά μέλλοντα γίνεσθαι, Luk_21:36; Act_26:22; τήν ἀνάστασιν ἤδη γεγονέναι, 2Ti_2:18; θανάτου γενομένου a death having taken place (German nacherfolgtemTode), Heb_9:15. μή γένοιτο, a formula especially frequent in Paul (and in Epictetus, cf. Schweigh. Index Graec. in Epictetus, p. 392), "Far be it! God forbid!" (cf. Morison, Exposition of Rom_3:1-31, p. 31f): Luk_20:16; Rom_3:4; Rom_3:6; Rom_3:31; Rom_6:2; Rom_6:15; Rom_7:7; Rom_7:13; Rom_9:14; Rom_11:1; Rom_11:11; 1Co_6:15; Gal_2:17; Gal_3:21 (equivalent to ηΘμΔιμΘδ, Jos_22:29, etc.); cf. Sturz, De dial. Maced. etc., p. 204f; τί γέγονεν, ὅτι etc. what has come to pass, that etc. equivalent to for what reason, why? Joh_14:22 (τί ἐγένετο, ὅτι ... Ecc_7:11 (10); τί ἐστιν, ὡς etc., Euripides, Troad. 889). b. Very common in the first three Gospels, especially that of Luke, and in the Acts, is the phrase καί ἐγένετο (εΗιΐδΔι followed by εΐ); cf. Winers Grammar, § 65, 4 e. (also § 44, 3 c.), and especially Buttmann, § 141, 6. (a.) καί ἐγένετο καί with a finite verb: Mar_2:15 ((Tr text καί γίνεται), T WH καί γίνεται (followed by the accusative and infinitive)); Luk_2:15 (R G L brackets Tr brackets); (WH brackets καί); followed by καί ἰδού, Mat_9:10 (T omits καί before ἰδού; Luk_24:4. (b.) much more often καί is not repeated: Mat_7:28; Mar_4:4; Luk_1:23; Luk_2:1-52 :( T WH), ; . (g.) καί ἐγένετο followed by the accusative with an infinitive: Mar_2:23 (Winer's Grammar, 578 (537) note); Luk_6:1; Luk_6:6 (R G ἐγένετο δέ καί). c. In like manner ἐγένετο δέ (a.) followed by καί with a finite verb: Luk_5:1; Luk_9:28 (WH text omits; L brackets καί, ; R G T, L Tr marginal reading brackets καί); Act_5:7. (b.) ἐγένετο δέ followed by a finite verb without καί: Luk_1:8; Luk_2:1; Luk_2:6; ( R G L); (WH Tr text omit ἐγένετο); . γ. ἐγένετο δέ followed by the accusative with an infinitive: Luk_3:21; (Luk_6:1; Luk_6:6 L T Tr WH, T Tr WH); ; Act_4:5; Act_9:3 (without δέ), ; R G; ; (); (). (d.) ἐγένετο δέ (ὡς δέ ἐγένετο) followed by τοῦ with an infinitive: Act_10:25 (Rec. omits τοῦ), cf. Meyer at the passage and Winers Grammar, 328 (307); (Buttmann, 270 (232)). d. with the dative of person to occur or happen to one, befall one: followed by an infinitive, Act_20:16; ἐάν γένηται (namely, αὐτῷ) εὑρεῖν αὐτό, if it happen to him, Mat_18:13; ἐμοί δέ μή γένοιτο καυχᾶσθαι far be it from me to glory, Gal_6:14 (Gen_44:7; Gen_44:17; 1Ki_20:3 (); Alciphron, epistles 1, 26); followed by the accusative with an infinitive it happened to me, that etc.: Act_11:26 L T Tr WH (but the accusative implied); (cf. Winers Grammar, 323 (303); Buttmann, 305 (262)); with adverbs, go, fare (German ergehen): εὖ, Eph_6:3 (μή γένοιτο σοι οὕτω κακῶς, Aelian v. h. 9, 36). with specification of the thing befalling one: τί γέγονεν (L T Tr text WH ἐγένετο) αὐτῷ, Act_7:40 (from Exo_32:1); ἐγένετο (L T Tr WH ἐγίνετο) πάσῃ ψυχή φόβος fear came upon, Act_2:43. Mar_4:11; Mar_9:21; Luk_19:9; Joh_5:14; Joh_15:7; Rom_11:25; 1Co_4:5; 2Co_1:8 (G L T Tr WH omit the dative); 2Ti_3:11; 1Pe_4:12; with the ellipsis of ἡμῖν, Joh_1:17. ἐγένετο (αὐτῷ) γνώμη a purpose occurred to him, he determined, Act_20:3 (Buttmann, 268 (230), but T Tr WH read ἐγένετο γνώμης; see below, 5 e. (a.)). followed by prepositions: ἐπ' αὐτῇ upon (German bei oran) her, Mar_5:33 (R G L brackets); εἰς τινα, Act_28:6. 3. to arise, appear in history, come upon the stage: of men appearing in public, Mar_1:4; Joh_1:6 (on which two passages compare Winers Grammar, 350 (328); Buttmann, 308f (264f)); 2Pe_2:1; γεγόνασι, have arisen and now exist, 1Jn_2:18. 4. to be made, done, finished: τά ἔργα, Heb_4:3; διά χειρῶν, of things fabricated, Act_19:26; of miracles to be performed, wrought: διά τῶν χειρῶν τίνος, Mar_6:2; διά τίνος, Act_2:43; Act_4:16; Act_4:30; Act_12:9; ὑπό τίνος, Luk_9:7 (R L (but the latter brackets ὑπ' αὐτοῦ)); Luk_13:17; Luk_23:8; γενόμενα εἰς τήν Καφαρναούμ done unto (on) Capernaum i. e. for its benefit (Winers Grammar, 416 (388); (cf. Buttmann, 333 (286))), Luk_4:23 (Rec. ἐν τῇ Καφαρναούμ) of commands, decisions, purposes, requests, etc. to be done, executed: Mat_6:10; Mat_21:21; Mat_26:42; Mar_11:23; Luk_14:22; Luk_23:24; Act_21:14; γενήσεται ὁ λόγος will be accomplished the saying, 1Co_15:54. joined to nouns implying a certain action: ἡ ἀπώλεια γέγονε, Mar_14:4; ἀπογραφή, Luk_2:2; ἐπαγγελία γενομένη ὑπό Θεοῦ given by God, Act_26:6; ἀνάκρισις, Act_25:26; νόμου μετάθεσις, Heb_7:12; ἄφεσις, Heb_9:22. of institutions, laws, etc. to be established, enacted: τό σάββατον ἐγένετο, the institution of the Sabbath, Mar_2:27; ὁ νόμος, Gal_3:17; οὗ γέγονεν οὕτως hath not been so ordained, Mat_19:8. of feasts, marriages, entertainments, to be kept, celebrated: τό πάσχα, Mat_26:2 (equivalent to πΗςΒωΖ�δ, 2Ki_23:22); τό σάββατον, Mar_6:2; τά ἐγκαίνια, Joh_10:22; (γενεσίοις γενομένοις (cf. Winers Grammar, § 31, 9 b.; R G γενεσίων ἀγομένων), Mat_14:6) (τά Ὀλυμπια, Xenophon, Hell. 7, 4, 28; Ἰσθμια, 4, 5, 1); γάμος, Joh_2:1. οὕτως γένηται ἐν ἐμοί so done with me, in my case, 1Co_9:15. 5. to become, be made, "in passages where it is specified who or what a person or thing is or has been rendered, as respects quality, condition, place, rank, character" (Wahl, Clavis Apocr. V. T., p. 101). a. with a predicate added, expressed by a substantive or an adjective: οἱ λίθοι οὗτοι ἄρτοι γένωνται, Mat_4:3; Luk_4:3; ὕδωρ οἶνον γεγενημένον, Joh_2:9; ἀρχιερεύς γενόμενος, Heb_6:20; διάκονος, Col_1:25; ὁ λόγος σάρξ ἐγένετο, Joh_1:14; ἀνήρ, 1Co_13:11, and many other examples; χάρις οὐκέτι γίνεται χάρις grace ceases to have the nature of grace, can no longer be called grace, Rom_11:6; ἄκαρπος γίνεται, Mat_13:22; Mar_4:19; in Mat_17:2; Luk_8:17; Joh_5:6, and many other places. contextually, to show oneself, prove oneself: Luk_10:36; Luk_19:17; Luk_24:19; Rom_11:34; Rom_16:2; 2Co_1:18 Rec.; 1Th_1:6; 1Th_2:7; Heb_11:6, etc.; especially in exhortations: γίνεσθε, Mat_10:16; Mat_24:44; Luk_6:36; Eph_4:32; Col_3:15; μή γίνου, Joh_20:27; μή γίνεσθε, Mat_6:16; Eph_5:7; Eph_5:17; 1Co_10:7; μή γινώμεθα, Gal_5:26; hence, used declaratively, equivalent to to be found, shown: Luk_13:2 (that it was shown by their fate that they were sinners); Rom_3:4; 2Co_7:14; γίνομαι τίνι τίς to show oneself (to be) someone to one: 1Co_9:20; 1Co_9:22. b. with an interrogative pronoun as predicate: τί ὁ Πέτρος ἐγένετο what had become of Peter, Act_12:18 (cf. use of τί ἐγένετο in Act. Phil. in Hell. § 23, Tdf. Acta apost. apocr., p. 104). c. γίνεσθαι ὡς or ὡσεί τινα to become as or like to one: Mat_10:25; Mat_18:3; Mat_28:4; Mar_9:26; Luk_22:44 (L brackets WH reject the passage); Rom_9:29 (from Isa_1:9); 1Co_4:13; Gal_4:12. d. γινεσθα εἰς τί to become i. e. be changed into something, come to be, issue in, something (German zuetwaswerden): ἐγενήθη εἰς κεφαλήν γωνίας, Mat_21:42; Mar_12:10; Luk_20:17; Act_4:11; 1Pe_2:7 all after Psalm 117:22 (). Luk_13:19 (εἰς δένδρον μέγα); Joh_16:20; Act_5:36; Rom_11:9 (from Psa_68:1-35 : (69) 23); 1Th_3:5; Rev_8:11; Rev_16:19, etc. (equivalent to μΐ δΘιΘδ; but the expression is also classic; cf. Winers Grammar, § 29, 3 a.; Buttmann, 150 (131)). e. γίνεσθαι with Cases; (a.) with the genitive to become the property of anyone, to come into the power of a person or thing (cf. Winers Grammar, § 30, 5; especially Buttmann, 162 (142)): Luk_20:14 (L marginal reading ἔσται), 33; Rev_11:15; (γνώμης, Act_20:3 T Tr WH (cf. ἐλπίδος μεγάλης γίνεσθαι Plutarch, Phocylides, 23, 4)); προφητεία ἰδίας ἐπιλύσεως οὐ γίνεται no one can explain prophecy by his own mental power (it is not a matter of subjective interpretation), but to explain it one needs the same illumination of the Holy Spirit in which it originated, for etc. 2Pe_1:20. γενέσθαι with a genitive indicating one's age (to be) so many years old: Luk_2:42; 1Ti_5:9. (b.) with the dative (cf. W 210f (198)): γίνεσθαι ἀνδρί to become a man's wife, Rom_7:3 f (μΐΰΔιωΡ δΘιΘδ, Lev_22:12; Rth_1:12, etc.). f. joined to prepositions with their substantives; ἐν τίνι, to come or pass into a certain state (cf. Buttmann, 330 (284)): ἐν ἀγωνία, Luk_22:44 (L brackets WH reject the passage); ἐν ἐκστάσει, Act_22:17; ἐν πνεύματι, Rev_1:10; Rev_4:2; ἐν δόξῃ (R. V. came with (in) glory), 2Co_3:7; ἐν παραβάσει, 1Ti_2:14; ἐν ἑαυτῷ, to come to himself, recover reason, Act_12:11 (also in Greek writings; cf. Hermann ad Vig., p. 749); ἐν Χριστῷ, to be brought to the fellowship of Christ, to become a Christian, Rom_16:7; ἐν ὁμοιώματι ἀνθρώπων, to become like men, Php_2:7; ἐν λόγῳ κολακείας (R. V. were we found using) flattering speech, 1Th_2:5. ἐπάνω τίνος to be placed over a thing, Luk_19:19. μετά τίνος or σύν τίνι to become one's companion, associate with him: Mar_16:10; Act_7:38; Act_20:18; ὑπό τινα to be made subject to one, Gal_4:4. (Cf. h. below.) g. with specification of the terminus of motion or the place of rest: εἰς with the accusative of place, to come to some place, arrive at something, Act_20:16; Act_21:17; Act_25:15; ὡς ἐγένετο ... εἰς τά ὦτα μου when the voice came into my ears, Luk_1:44; εἰς with the accusative of person, of evils coming upon one, Rev_16:2 R G; of blessings, Gal_3:14; 1Th_1:5 (Lachmann πρός; Act_26:6 L T Tr WH); γενέσθαι ἐπί τοῦ τόπου, Luk_22:40; ἐπί τῆς γῆς, Joh_6:21 (Tdf. ἐπί τήν γῆν); ὧδε, Joh_6:25 (ἐκεῖ, Xenophon, an. 6, 3 (5), 20; (cf. Buttmann, 71)); ἐπί with the accusative of place, Luk_24:22; Act_21:35; (Joh_6:21 Tdf.); ἐγένετο διωγμός ἐπί τήν ἐκκλησίαν, Act_8:1; ἐγένετο φόβος or θάμβος ἐπί πάντας, Luk_1:65; Luk_4:36; Act_5:5; Act_5:11; (ἔκστασις, Act_10:10 (Rec. ἐπέπεσεν)); ἕλκος κακόν καί πονηρόν ἐπί τούς ἀνθρώπους, Rev_16:2 L T Tr WH; ἐγένετο ... ῤῆμα ἐπί τινα, λόγος or φωνή πρός τινα (came to): Luk_3:2; Joh_10:35; Act_7:31 (Rec.); (Gen_15:1; Gen_15:4; Jer_1:2; Jer_1:11; Jer_13:8; Eze_6:1; Hos_1:1); (ἐπαγγελία, Act_13:32; Act_26:6 Rec.); κατά with the accusative of place, Luk_10:32 (Tr WH omit); Act_27:7, (Xenophon, Cyril 7, 1, 15); κατά with the genitive: τό γενόμενον ῤῆμα καθ' ὅλης τῆς Ἰουδαίας the matter the report of which spread throughout all Judaea, Act_10:37; πρός τινα, 2Jn_1:12 (Rec. ἐλθεῖν); 1Co_2:3; σύν τίνι, to be joined to one as an associate, Luk_2:13 (Xenophon, Cyril 5, 3, 8); ἐγγύς γίνεσθαι, Eph_2:13; τίνος, Joh_6:19; (h.) (with ἐκ of the source (see above): Mar_1:11 (Tdf. omits ἐγένετο); (T Tr marginal reading WH); Luk_3:22; Luk_9:35; Act_19:34); γίνεσθαι ἐκ μέσου, to be taken out of the way, 2Th_2:7; γενέσθαι ὁμοθυμαδόν, of many come together in one place, Act_15:25 cf. Act_2:1 (but only in R G; γενομένοις ὁμοθυμαδόν in may mean either having become of one mind, or possibly having come together with one accord. On the alleged use of γίνομαι in the N. T. as interchangeable with εἰμί see Fritzschior. Opuscc., p. 284 note. Compare: ἀπογίνομαι, διαγίνομαι, ἐπιγίνομαι, παραγίνομαι, συμγίνομαι παραγίνομαι, προγίνομαι.)

γίνομαι ginomai 669x pluperfect, ἐγενόει (3rd sg), to come into existence; to be created, exist by creation, Joh_1:3 ; Joh_1:10 ; Heb_11:3 ; Jas_3:9 ; to be born, produced, grow, Mat_21:19 ; Joh_8:58 , et al.; to arise, come on, occur, as the phenomena of nature, etc.; Mat_8:24 ; Mat_8:26 ; Mat_9:16 , et al.; to come, approach, as morning or evening, Mat_8:16 ; Mat_14:15 ; Mat_14:23 ; to be appointed, constituted, established, Mar_2:27 ; Gal_3:17 , et al.; to take place, come to pass, happen, occur, Mat_1:22 ; Mat_24:6 ; Mat_24:20-21 ; Mat_24:34 , et al. freq.; to be done, performed, effected, Mat_21:42 , et al.; to be fulfilled, satisfied, Mat_6:10 ; Mat_26:42 , et al.; to come into a particular state o r condition; to become, assume the character and appearance of anything, Mat_5:45 , et al.; to become or be made anything, be changed or converted, Mat_4:3 ; Mat_21:42 ; Mar_1:17 , et al.; to be, Mat_11:26 ; Mat_19:8 ; γίνεσθαι ὑπό τινα , to be subject to, Gal_4:4 ; γίνεσθαι ἐν ἑαυτῷ , to come to one s self, to recover from a trance or surprise, Act_12:11 ; μὴ γένοιτο , let it not be, far be it from, God forbid, Luk_20:16 ; Rom_3:4 ; Rom_3:31 , et al.; to be kept, celebrated, solemnized, as festivals, Mat_26:2 , et al.; to be finish ed, completed, Heb_4:3 be; become.

γίνομαι , Ion . and κοινή for Att.. . γίγν - ( M , Pr., 47; Bl., § 6, 8; Mayser , 166 f .), [in LXX chiefly for H1961 ;] 1. of persons, things, occurrences, to come into being, be born, arise, come on: Joh_1:15 ; Joh_8:58 , 1Co_15:37 ; a first appearance in public, Mar_1:4 , Joh_1:6 , al. ; seq . ἐκ (of birth), Rom_1:3 , Gal_4:4 ; διά , Joh_1:3 ; βροντή , Joh_12:29 ; σεισμός , Rev_6:12 ; γογγυσμός , Act_6:1 ; χαρά , Act_8:8 , and many other similar exx .; ἡμέρα , Luk_22:66 , al. ; ὀψέ , Mar_11:19 ; πρωΐα , Mat_27:1 ; νύξ , Act_27:27 . 2. Of events, to come to pass , take place, happen: Mat_5:13 , Mar_5:14 , Luk_1:20 ; Luk_2:15 , Act_4:21 , 2Ti_2:18 , al. ; μὴ γένοιτο [ LXX for H2486 , Jos_22:29 , al. ], far be it, God forbid: Rom_3:4 ( ICC , in l ), 1Co_6:15 and freq . in PL; καὶ ἐγένετο , ἐγένετο δέ ([in LXX for H1961 ;] v. Burton , 142 f .; M , Pro_16:1-33 L; Dalman, Words , 32 f .; Robertson , Gr ., 1042 f .), c . indic ., Mat_7:28 , Luk_1:8 , al. ; seq . καί et indic ., Luk_8:1 , Act_5:7 , al. ; c . acc et inf ., Mar_2:23 , Luk_3:21 , al. ; ὡς δὲ ἐγένετο , seq . τοῦ c . inf ., Act_10:25 ; c. dat. pers ., to befall one: c . inf ., Act_20:16 ; c . acc et inf ., Act_22:6 ; c . adv. , εὖ , Eph_6:3 ; τί ἐγένετο αὐτῷ ( Field, Notes , 115), Act_7:40 ( LXX ); seq . εἰς , Act_28:6 . 3. to be made, done, performed, observed, enacted, ordained, etc.: Mat_6:10 ; Mat_19:8 , Mar_2:27 ; Mar_11:23 , Act_19:25 , al. ; seq . διά c . gen ., Mar_6:2 , Act_2:43 ; ὑπό , Luk_13:17 ; εἰς , Luk_4:28 ; ἐν , 1Co_9:15 ; ἀπογραφί , Luk_2:2 ; ἀνάκρισις , Act_25:26 ; ἄφεσις , Heb_9:22 ; ὁ νόμος , Gal_3:17 ; τό πάσχα , Mat_26:2 . 4. to become, be made, come to be: c . pred ., Mat_4:3 , Luk_4:3 , Joh_2:9 , 1Co_13:11 , al. ; seq . ὡς , ὡσει , Mat_10:25 , Mar_9:26 ; εἰς ( M , Pr., 71 f .), Mar_10:1-52 , al. ; c . gen ., Rev_11:15 ; id ., of age, Luk_2:42 ; c . dat ., γ . ἀνδρί ([ LXX for H376 H1961 , Rth_1:12 , al. ;] v. Field, Notes , 156), Rom_7:3-4 ; seq . ἐν , Act_22:17 , Rev_1:10 , al. ; ἐπάνω , Luk_19:19 ; μετά , c . gen ., Mar_16:10 , Act_9:19 ; seq . εἰς , ἐπί ( Field, Notes , 135), κατά (ib., 62), c . acc of place, Act_20:16 ; Act_21:35 ; Act_27:7 , al. ; seq . ἐκ , Mar_9:7 , Luk_3:22 , 2Th_2:7 , al. floristic pf . γέγονα ( M , Pr., 52, 145 f .; Field, Notes , 1 f .), Mat_25:6 , Luk_10:36 , al. Aor. ἐγενήθη (for ἐγένετο , M , Pr., 139, 1.; Mayser , 379), Mat_11:23 , al. ( Cf. απο -, δια -, επι -, παρα -, συμ - παρα -, προ -.) γίγνομαι , v . s . γίνομαι .

γίνομαι [page 126] The original meaning to come into being, be born, as in Joh_8:58 , Gal_4:4 al , may be illustrated by P Flor III. 382 .38 (A.D. 222 3) ὁ ἐξ ἐμ̣[οῦ ] γ̣ενόμενος υἱὸς [Μ ]έλας ὀνόματι , 61 τοῦ μὴ ο̣͗ντος [μ ]ηδὲ γενομένο [υ μ ]οι υἱοῦ Syll 802 .6 (iii/B.C.) κόρον ἔτεκε , ὃς εὐ [θ ]ὺς γενόμενος αὐτὸς ἀπὸ τᾶς κράνας ἐλοῦτο this precocious cleanliness is nothing very astonishing among the egregious wonders of the Asclepieum. So P Cattaoui v. 16 (ii/A.D.) (= Chrest. II. p. 422) ὁ προγενέστερος ποῦ σοι σ [τρα ]τ [ε ]υομ [έ ]νῳ ἐγένετο ; This document contains a good instance of the use so common in NT, esp. in Ac, as v. 20 ἐὰν γένηταί με ἀποδημεῖν : cf. Mat_18:13 , etc. Cf. P Amh II. 135 .10 (early ii/A.D.) ἐὰν γένηται ἡμᾶς μὴ ὑπογύως ἀναπλεῖν , if it should happen that we do not sail up suddenly (Edd.), BGU III. 970 .15 (A.D. 174) ἐὰν γένηται μὴ εὐτονῆσαι αὐτόν : all these are mentioned in Proleg. p. 17. Add P Par 49 .29 (B.C. 164 58) (= Witkowski .2 , p. 71) γίνεται γὰρ ἐντραπῆναι . Cf. MGr γίνεται νὰ c. subj. = it is possible that . . . For γ . with dat. as in Rom_7:3 , cf. P Petr II. 40 ( b ) .7 (B.C. 277) ὃς ἐπακολουθήσει τῆι ἐγχύσει τοῦ γινομένου σοι γλεύκους , who will see to the pouring out of the must which comes to you (Ed.), P Lond 21 .29 (B.C. 162) (= I. p. 13) σοὶ δὲ γίνοιτο εὐημερεῖν , Ostr 1530 (B.C. 120) ἀπέχω παρὰ σοῦ τὸ γινόμενόν μοι , money due to me. With Act_22:17 , 2Co_3:7 , we may compare P Petr II. 20 iii. 12 (B.C. 252) συνέβη ἐν ἐπισχέσε [ι ] γενέσθα [ι , and P Tebt II. 423 .14 (early iii/A.D.) ὡς εἰς ἀγωνίαν με γενέσθαι ἐν τῷ παρόντι , so I am at present very anxious (Edd.). P Oxy II. 283 .11 (A.D. 45) καὶ γενόμενος ἐν τῇ Μέμφει τῇ ιε̄ Ἰουλίᾳ [Σ ]εβαστῇ τοῦ ἐνεστῶτος μηνὸς Καισαρείου , I reached Memphis on the day Julia Augusta, the 15 th of the present month Caesareus (Edd.); cf. ib. IV. 709 .7 ( c. A.D. 50) ἐν Μένφει γενόμενος , where the phrase must be translated in the same way (see Archiv iv. p. 376). Cf. P Lond 962 .1 (A.D. 254 or 261) (= III. p. 210) γενοῦ πρὸς Ἄταιν τὸν ποιμένα καὶ δέξαι παρ᾽ αὐτοῦ δραχμὰς διακοσίας , P Flor II. 180 .45 (A.D. 253) ἐὰν γένηται πρός σε Διόσκορος , al. Γίνομαι sometimes supplies an aorist for εἰμί : ἐγενόμην is normally ingressive (= became ), but has to serve on occasion for summary ( constative ) aorist as well cf. Proleg. p. 109. Thus P Flor III. 382 .61 (cited ad init. ) might be translated the son whom I neither have nor ever had, as well as nor was ever born to me. Luk_13:2 is an instance of this summary use. It appears in a very common technical usage, by which γενόμενος , with the title of an official, etc., denotes ex- : where the title forms a verb, the aor. (less often the perf.) partic. of this is used instead. Thus ex-gymnasiarch is γυμνασιαρχήσας . For the periphrasis cf. P Oxy I. 38 .11 (A.D. 49 50) (= Selections , p. 53) καθὰ π̣[α ]ρῆλθον ἐπὶ τοῦ γενομένου τοῦ νομοῦ στρατηγοῦ Πασίωνος , I accordingly brought an action before Pasion, who was exstrategus of the nome. The idiom has wider applications, as in P Flor I. 99 .4 (i/ii A.D.) (= Selections , p. 71) τῆς . . . γενομ̣ε̣νης γυναικός , his former wife. In Cambridge Biblical Essays (ed. Swete, 1909), p. 491, this was applied to the important statement of Papias about Mark, who, having become the interpreter of Peter, wrote, etc. (Lightfoot) : we see now that we should read, having been his connexion with Peter was past. See Milligan Documents , p. 270. Not quite the same are BGU II. 362 iii. 20 (A.D. 215) (= Chrest. I. p. 126) τοῦ πρὸ ἐμοῦ γε [νομένου ἐπιμελητ ]οῦ , who was epimeletes before me, and P Oxy VIII. 1119 .6 (A.D. 254) ὁ τότε γενόμενος ἀμφοδογραμματεύς , the then amphodogrammateus (Ed.). In P Tebt II. 315 .21 (ii/A.D.) ἐγένετο γάρ μου φίλος is rendered as he has become my friend (Edd.) aor. of immediate past : in another context it could mean he was (once) my friend. For γ . used practically as a passive to ποιῶ , as in Act_19:26 , cf. P Ryl II. 231 .3 (A.D. 40) τ [οὺ ]ς ἄρτους καλ̣ω̣̑ς ποιήσεις εἰπὼ (ν ) γενέσθαι , kindly order the loaves to be made (Edd.). There is an extremely common use of γίνεται (generally abbreviated) to denote the total of a column of figures, which come to so much : see e.g. the table of abbreviations P Lond III. p. 345, near the end, with reff. Among other special usages there is the Pauline μὴ γένοιτο , common in Epictetus (cf. D. S. Sharp Epictetus and the NT , pp. 6, 112), e.g. i. i. 13, τί οὖν ; μή τι μικρά σοι φαίνεται ταῦτα ; μὴ γένοιτο . Γέγονεν standing by itself as an answer to a question ( what can you say as to, . . ? ) in P Strass I. 22 i. 17 (iii/A.D.) looks at first rather like that which occurs in Rev_16:17 ; Rev_21:6 , but the reference is superficial. On the use of γέγονα aoristically, see Proleg. p. 145 f. Add there a typical instance from Diogenes Laert. Proem. § 5 παράγουσι καὶ Ὀρφέα τὸν Θρᾷκα , λέγοντες φιλόσοφον γεγονέναι , καὶ εἶναι ἀρχαιότατον , that he was a philosopher, and belongs to the earliest times ; also Preisigke 1854, Ἄσελλος ὧδε γέγον [α . This last is one of the 162 sightseers scribblings on the walls of the tombs of the kings at Thebes : 34 of them add to their name the verb ἱστόρησα , ἀφικόμην , ἐθαύμασα , or other aoristic expression of their feelings, and 9 more use ἥκω . When this one comes to write him down Asellus, his unique ὧδε γέγονα may be either compared with ἥκω (perfect) ὧδε , as in no. 1868, or made virtually aoristic like the majority. There is little difference. In Proleg. p. 239 a further instance of aoristic γέγονε is cited from C. and B. ii. p. 477, no. 343. The loss of γ from the original form, here and in γινώσκω , is found in the Ionic from v/B.C., and in Attic inscrr. from c. 300 : see Brugmann-Thumb Gr. p. 126. It is the only Κοινή form γίνομαι is MGr but there are a few instances of γιγν . in papyri due to the effort to write correctly : see Mayser Gr. p. 164 f. As late as P Thead 13 i. 10 (A.D. 322 a procθs verbal from a law case) we find γιγνομένην . An aorist ἐγεινάμην is sometimes found, as in Ostr 1616 .6 (B.C. 149 8 or 138 7), and it is possible that this (classical) form may be responsible for the rather marked fondness for the spelling γείνομαι in pres. : normally we may ignore altogether the difference of ει and ι . For γέγοναν ( Rom_16:7 ΰ AB), cf. BGU II. 597 .19 (A.D. 75), al. See Proleg. p. 52, where however the illiteracy of this form is too confidently expressed. The aor. ἐγενήθην , to which the Atticists objected, was common in early Κοινή , but fell back after ii/B.C. see Mayser Gr. p. 379.

γίνομαι, Ion. and κοινή for Att. γίγν- (M. Pr., 47; Bl., §6, 8 Mayser, 166 f.), [in LXX chiefly for היה ;] __1. of persons, things occurrences, to come into being, be born, arise, come on: Jhn.1:15 8:58, 1Co.15:37; a first appearance in public, Mrk.1:4, Jhn.1:6, al.; before ἐκ (of birth), Rom.1:3, Gal.4:4; διά, Jhn.1:3; βροντή, Jhn.12:29; σεισμός, Rev.6:12; γογγυσμός, Act.6:1; χαρά, Act.8:8, many other similar exx.; ἡμέρα, Luk.22:66, al.; ὀψέ, Mrk.11:19; πρωΐα, Mat.27:1; νύξ, Act.27:27. __2. Of events, to come to pass, take place, happen: Mat.5:18, Mrk.5:14, Luk.1:20 2:15, Act.4:21, 2Ti.2:18, al.; μὴ γένοιτο [LXX for חָלִילָה, Jhn.22:29, al.], far be it, God forbid: Rom.3:4 (ICC, in l.), 1Co.6:15 and frequently in Pl.; καὶ ἐγένετο, ἐγένετο δέ ([in LXX for וַיְהִי ;] see Burton, 142 f.; M, Pr., 16f.; Dalman, Words, 32 f.; Robertson, Gr., 1042 f.), with indic, Mat.7:28, Luk.1:8, al.; before καί and indic., Luk.8:1, Act.5:7, al.; with accusative and inf., Mrk.2:23, Luk.3:21, al.; ὡς δὲ ἐγένετο, before τοῦ with inf., Act.10:25; with dative of person(s), to befall one: with inf., Act.20:16; with accusative and inf., Act.22:6; with adv., εὖ, Eph.6:3; τ́ ἐγένετο αὐτῷ (Field, Notes, 115), Act.7:40 (LXX); before εἰς, Act.28:6. __3. to be made, done, performed, observed, enacted, ordained, etc.: Mat.6:10 19:8, Mrk.2:27 11:23, Act.19:26, al.; before διά with genitive, Mrk.6:2, Act.2:43; ὑπό, Luk.13:17; ἐκ, Luk.4:23; ἐν, 1Co.9:15; ἀπογραφή, Luk.2:2; ἀνάκρισις Act.25:26; ἄφεσις, Heb.9:22; ὁ νόμος, Gal.3:17; τὸ πάσχα, Mat.26:2. __4. to become, be made, come to be: with pred., Mat.4:3, Luk.4:3, Jhn.2:9, 1Co.13:11, al.; before ὡς, ὡσεί, Mat.10:25, Mrk.9:26; εἰς (M, Pr., 71f.), Mrk.12:1o, al.; with genitive Rev.11:15; id., of age, Luk.2:42; with dative, γ. ἀνδρί ([LXX for הָיָה לְאִישׁ, Rut.1:12, al. ;] see Field, Notes, 156), Rom.7:3, 4; before ἐν, Act.22:17, Rev.1:10, al.; ἐπάνω, Luk.19:19; μετά, with genitive, Mrk.16:[10], Act.9:19; before εἰς, ἐπί (Field, Notes, 135), κατά (ib., 62), with accusative of place, Act.20:16 21:35 27:7, al.; before ἐκ, Mrk.9:7, Luk.3:22, 2Th.2:7, al. Aoristic pf. γέγονα (M, Pr., 52, 145f.; Field, Notes, 1f.), Mat.25:6, Luk.10:36, al. Aor. ἐγενήθη (for ἐγένετο, M, Pr., 139f.; Mayser, 379), Mat.11:23, al. (Cf. απο-, δια-, επι-, παρα-, συμ-, παρα-, προ-.) (AS)