ἀδικία, -as, ἡ, (ἄδικος), [fr. Hdt.down]; 1. injustice, of a judge: Lk. xviii. 6; Ro. ix. 14. 2. unrighteousness of heart and life; a. univ.: Mt. xxiii. 25 Grsb.; Acts viii. 23 (see σύνδεσμος); Ro. i. 18, 29; ii. 8; vi. 13; 2 Tim. ii. 19; opp. to ἡ ἀλήθεια, 1 Co. xiii. 6; 2 Th. ii. 12; opp. to ἡ δικαιοσύνη, Ro. iii. 5; Heb. i. 9 Tdf.; owing to the context, the guilt of unrighteousness, 1 Jn. i. 9; ἀπάτη τῆς ἀδικίας deceit which unrighteousness uses, 2 Th. ii. 10; μισθὸς ἀδικίας reward (i. e. penalty) due to unrighteousness, 2 Pet. ii. 13 [see ἀδικέω, 2 b. fin.]. b, spec., unrighteousness by which others are deceived: Jn. vii. 18 (opp. to ἀληθής) ; μαμωνᾶς τῆς ἀδικίας deceitful riches, Lk. xvi. 9 (cf. ἀπάτη τοῦ πλούτου, Mt. xiii. 22; others think ‘riches wrongly acquired’; [others, riches apt to be used unrighteously; cf. vs. 8 and Mey. ad loc.]) ; κόσμος τῆς ἀδικίας, a phrase having reference to sins of the tongue, Jas. iii. 6 (cf. κόσμος, 8) ; treachery, Lk. xvi. 8 (οἰκονόμος τῆς ἀδικίας, [al. take it generally, ‘acting unrighteously’]). 38. a deed violating law and justice, act of unrighteousness: πᾶσα ἀδικία ἁμαρτία ἐστί, 1 Jn. v.17; ἐργάται τῆς ἀδικίας, Lk. xiii. 27; ai ἀδικίαι iniquities, misdeeds, Heb. viii. 12 (fr. Sept. Jer. xxxviii. (xxxi.) 345 ef. Dan. iv. 20 (24)); μισθὸς ἀδικίας reward obtained by wrong-doing, Acts i. 18; 2 Pet. ii. 15; spee., the wrong of depriving another of what is his, 2 Co. xii. 13 (where a favor is ironically called ad:xia).

ἀδικία adikia 25x

injustice, wrong; iniquity, falsehood, deceitfulness

ἀδικία, -ας, ἡ

(< ἄδικος), [in LXX for עָוֹן, פֶּשַׁע, עָוֶל, etc.;]

injustice: Lk 18:6, Ro 9:14.

unrighteousness, iniquity: Jo 7:18, Ac 8:23, Ro 1:18, 29 2:8 6:13, II Ti 2:19, I Jo 1:9 5:17; opp. to ἀλήθεια, I Co 13:6, II Th 2:12; to δικαιοσύνη, Ro 3:5; ἀπάτη τῆς ἀ., II Th 2:10; μισθὸς ἀδικίας, Ac 1:18, II Pe 2:13, 15; ἐγράται τῆς ἀ., Lk 13:27; μαμωνᾶς τῆς ἀ., Lk 16:9; κόσμος τῆς ἀ., Ja 3:6; οἰκονόμος τῆς ἀ., Lk 16:8.

= ἀδίκημα, an unrighteous act: ironically, a favour, II Co 12:13; pl., He 8:12 (Cremer, 261; MM, VGT, s.v.).†

ἀδικία. P Oxy IX. 1203%4 (i/a.p.) τὰ ὑπὸ τοῦ πατρὸς Λεονίδου ἐπὶ τῇ ἡμῶν ἀδικίᾳ πραχθέντα ‘‘done by his father L. to our hurt.” BGU IV. 11234 (i/B.c.) μηδ᾽ ἄλλο μηδὲν ἐπιτελεῖν ἐπὶ τῇ τοῦ ἑτέρου ἀδικίᾳ. P Tebt I. 104? (B.c. > , 92) the husband may not alienate the property, ἐπ᾽ ἀδικίαι ἀδύνατος. τῆι ᾿Απολλωνίαι. P Magd 1419 (1111...) συγγρα]φὴ ἐπ᾽ In P Par 66% (late Ptol.) πρεσβύτεροι καὶ ἀδύνατοι are ἀδικίαι γεγραμμένη. It is curious that this recurrent com- | men ‘*not strong enough” to work: cf. also P Lond g7r# bination should not appear in NT (except in 1 Cor 138, | (ili/iv A.D.) (=I. p. 128) ἀδύνατος γάρ ἐστιν ἡ γυνὴ διὰ which is quite different), among two dozen instances of the | ἀσθένιαν τῆς φύσεως] and 2%. 6785 (B.c. 99-8) (= III. Ρ- 18) noun. For the concrete sense we find in papyri the neuter | ἀ]δύνατίος ὄμμ]ασι. In Sy// S02 (11,8...) ἀδύνατος is ἀδίκιον, which is also Attic, and quotable from Ionic inscrip- | associated with ἀπίθανος, applied to ἰάματα, 26. 512% tions: see instances in Mayser Gr. p. 432. (ui/B.c.) of witnesses unable to appear. ἄδικος. ἄδω. P Tebt II. 2867 (a.p. 121--38) νομὴ ἄδικος [οὐ]δὲν εἰσχύει, For the dative construction as in Eph 53, Col 31", cf. from ‘unjust possession is invalid”; 26. 30 215 (A.p. 71-2) ἄδικον | the LXX Judith 16 1% doare τῷ κυρίῳ, and such passages [ἐστιν ἡμᾶς ἀπαιτεῖσθαι]. Of a person, BGU II. 531% 21 | as Philostr. ρίας. i. xi. 780 Καύστρῳ ταῦτα καὶ Ἴστρῳ (ii/A.D.) πέπεισαι [γὰρ] μοῦ τῇ γνώμῃ ὡς οὔτε εἰμὶ ἄδικος ᾷσονται, Heliod. Aethiop. Ve U5 ἐμβατήρια ad. Διονύσῳ οὔτε ἀ[λ]λοτρίων ἐπιθυμητής. Instances need not be mul- | (Nageli, p. 42). For the passive see P Giss I. ουϑ (ii/iii a.p.) tiplied. | ὕμνοι μὲν di[Sovrar] γλώττῃ ξενικῇ. ἄδολος. | ἀεί. The sense of this adjective in 1 Pet 25 is now set at rest It may he well to note that ἀεί, whose oldest form is αἰξεί, by its constant occurrence in the papyri in the sense of | is the locative of a neuter noun identical with Lat. aevom : “unadulterated.” Thus P Hib 1. 8518} (p.c. | αἰών is the same word in a different declension. The papyrus ” ‘ > ** pure, ἀετός ΠῚ form is ἀεί, as Mayser shows, p. 103 f. : αἰεί, which Brugmann Grech. Gram.* p. 57 thinks to be re-formed under the influence of aidy, crept in after the Ptolemaic period. It occurs however as early as B.C. 22 in the new parchment from Avroman in Western Media (P Said Khan 2 49), described by E. H. Minns at the Hellenic Society (Nov. 11, 1913): τελέσουσι δ᾽ αἰεὶ κατ᾽ ἐνιαυτίό]ν κτλ. It figures in the standing formula of the Decian libelli (A.D. 250) : as P Ryl IL. 112 αὐ, ἐδ, ες. The word comes most frequently in similar formal phrases, like ἐπὶ or εἰς Tov ἀεὶ χρόνον (e. g. P Oxy III. 503°°—a.p. 118, or P Lips I. 3i-8—a.p. 256), or in the stiff language of legal documents, as BGU IV. 1108** (B.c. 5) ete. It only occurs in this one place in BGU I.-IV.: in P Oxy I.-X. its total is 7, for the nondissociated from formula. It may be seen also eight times in CPR in a standing formula. It is significant in this connexion that it is greatly outnumbered in NT by πάντοτε, which replaces itin MGr. Note the petition P Ryl II. 1148 (c. a.p. 280) oikiwrat . . TOD. [ἐμὲ τὴν xnpaly . . ἀεὶ ἀποστερεῖν, ““it has become a habit with S. on all occasions to rob me”’ (Edd.). GETOC. Michel 833" (Delos, inventory of temple treasures, B.C. 279), ἀετὸς ἀργυροῦς τῶν ἀρχαίων διαπεπτωκώς. Asa constellation name it appears twice in ἃ calendar, Ρ Hib I. 27107 138 (c. B.C. 300), and rather later in the Eudoxus papyrus. Mayser (p. 104) cites instances of its appearance as a proper name, by way of showing that the old Attic spelling αἰετός did not survive : it may be seen in Sy// 537°® (second half of iv/B.C.), where the word is an architectural term (= gable). In Sy// 583" (i/A.D.) we have a marble altar of Zeus at Smyrna, ἔχων ἀετὸν ἐν ἑαυτῷ : so 7. 588! (Delos, c. B.C. 180) ἀετοῦ κεφαλὴ ἀργυρᾶ ἐπίχρυσος.

ἀδικία (adikia) — unrighteousness. ἀδικ-ία, Ionic dialect -ιη, ἡ, wrongdoing, injustice, ἀδικίης ἄρχειν[Refs 5th c.BC+]; 'foul' in racing, [Refs]

II. wrongful act, offence, [Refs 5th c.BC+]