Leviticus 11

1 The LORD [Yehovah, The covenant Name of God] spoke [to communicate, to declare] again to Moses [the Israelite leader, born to Amram and Jochebed] and Aaron [the brother of Moses, the first high priest of the Israelites], telling [to say, to command, to promise] them [the leaders of the Israelites, to whom God was giving instructions], word study 2 “Say [speak, communicate] to the Israelites [children of Israel, descendants of Jacob], ‘Of all [every kind of, including] the beasts [living creatures, animals] of the earth [land, ground], these ones [these specific creatures, the following] you may eat [are allowed to consume, permitted to devour]: word study 3 You may eat [freely partake of] any animal [beast, livestock] that has a split [completely divided, cloven] hoof [foot, paw] completely divided and that chews [brings up, regurgitates] the cud [food, previously eaten material]. word study 4 But of those that only chew [chew and regurgitate] the cud [food brought back up to the mouth] or only have a [split or divided] divided hoof, you are not to eat the following: The camel [a large, domesticated mammal], though it [brings up and chews] chews the cud, does not have a [completely divided] divided hoof; it is [ceremonially or spiritually] unclean for you. word study 5 The rock badger [coney, rock hyrax], though it chews the cud [regurgitates food, bringing up cud], does not have a divided [parted, split] hoof [claw]; it is unclean [spiritually impure, defiled] for you. word study 6 The [hare, or rabbit-like animal] rabbit, though it chews the [regurgitated food] cud, does not have a [split] divided hoof; it is [spiritually] unclean [impure, defiled] for you. word study 7 And the pig [swine, including hogs and wild boars], though it has a split [divided, parted] hoof [claw, foot] completely divided [cleaving the cleft], does not [is unable to] chew the cud [regurgitate and re-chew food, scrape the throat]; it is [considered, deemed] unclean [spiritually impure, defiled] for you. word study 8 You must not [under any circumstances] eat their meat [flesh] or touch [make contact with] their carcasses [dead bodies]; they are [considered, regarded as] unclean [impure, ceremonially defiled] for you [to you, in your sight]. word study 9 Of all [every kind, everything] the creatures [living things, animals] that live [reside, dwell] in the water [liquid, sea], whether [or, including] in the seas [large bodies of water, oceans] or [and, also] in the streams [rivers, brooks], you may eat [consume, devour] anything [all things, everything] with fins [swimming appendages] and scales [protective coverings, armor] [like fish, aquatic animals]. word study 10 But the following among all [every kind of, including the smallest] the teeming life [swarming creatures, abundant aquatic life] and creatures [living beings, fish and animals] in the water [seas, rivers, and streams] are detestable [an abomination, utterly disgusting] to you: everything [all things, every creature] in the seas [large bodies of water] or streams [rivers, brooks, and small waterways] that does not have fins [like those of fish, for swimming] and scales [a protective coat, like armor] [a natural covering, for protection]. word study 11 They shall be [detestable] an abomination to you; you must not eat their [flesh, body] meat, and you must [utterly detest, loathe] detest their [dead body, carcass] carcasses. word study 12 Everything [all, the entirety] in the water [liquid, source of refreshment] that does not have [lacking, without] fins [collectively, as a fish] and scales [a coat of mail, armor] shall be [is considered] detestable [an abomination, utterly disgusting] to you [toward you, in your sight]. word study 13 Additionally, you are to detest [abhor, loathe] the following birds [fowls, flying creatures], and they must not be eaten [devour, consume] because they are detestable [an abomination, repulsive]: the eagle [a large bird of prey], the bearded vulture [ossifrage, gier-eagle], the black vulture [osprey, a type of bird of prey], word study 14 the kite [a fast-flying bird of prey, like a vulture], any kind of falcon [swift and powerful, a hawk-like bird], word study 15 any kind [according to their likeness, after its kind] of raven [including crows, every raven], word study 16 the ostrich [or possibly another type of bird], the screech owl [night-hawk, a nocturnal bird of prey], the gull [seagull, sea-mew], any kind of hawk [after its kind, according to its species], word study 17 the little owl [small owls, possibly a type of night bird], the cormorant [a bird of prey, sea diver], the great owl [possibly a heron, large owls], word study 18 the white owl [swan, water-hen], the desert owl [barn owl], the osprey [vulture, gier eagle], word study 19 the stork, any kind of heron [possibly a heron, considered impure], the hoopoe [or lapwing, an unclean bird], and the bat [a small flying mammal, considered unclean]. word study 20 All [every, everything] flying insects [winged creatures, birds that creep] that walk [go, move about] on all fours [four feet, upon four legs] are detestable [an abomination, utterly disgusting] to you. word study 21 However, you may eat [freely partake of] the following kinds of flying insects [winged creeping things, swarm of small animals] that walk on all fours [go upon all four, crawl]: those having [possessing, characterized by] jointed legs [for leaping] above their feet [to leap] for hopping [to leap, jump] on the ground [upon the earth, land]. word study 22 Of [specific, these particular] these you may eat [consume, devour] any kind of locust [including the arbeg, a type of locust], katydid [a type of jumping insect], cricket [a type of leaping insect], or grasshopper [a type of insect that can cause significant damage to crops]. word study 23 All [every single one] other flying insects [winged creeping things, including those that crawl] that have four [a limited, specific number of] legs [feet, as a means of movement] are detestable [an abomination, utterly disgusting] to you [as a people set apart by God]. word study 24 These creatures [certain animals, specific beings] will make you unclean [to defile, become foul or contaminated]. Whoever touches [comes into contact with, reaches out to] their carcasses [dead bodies, lifeless remains] will be unclean [to be polluted, morally or ceremonially contaminated] until [as far as, up to the point of] evening [sunset, end of the day], word study 25 and whoever picks up [lifts or bears] one of their carcasses [dead bodies, corpses] must wash [cleanse, purify] his clothes [garments, robes], and he will be unclean [defiled, contaminated] until [as far as, till] evening [sunset, end of day]. word study 26 Every animal [beast, large quadruped mammal] with hooves [claw or split hoof] not completely divided [not clovenfooted] or that does not chew the cud [regurgitate and chew on food] is unclean [spiritually impure, defiled] for you. Whoever touches [reaches out to, comes into contact with] any of them will be unclean [defiled, contaminated]. word study 27 All [every single one, everything] the four-footed [quadruped] animals that walk [go, move] on their paws [palm of the hand, or feet] are unclean [ceremonially impure, defiled] for you; whoever [any person who] touches [physically contacts, reaches out to] their carcasses [dead bodies, corpses] will be unclean [defiled, contaminated] until [as far as, up to] evening [sunset, the end of the day], word study 28 and anyone who picks up [lifts, bears] a carcass [dead body, corpse] must wash [cleanse, purify] his clothes [garments, robes], and he will be unclean [defiled, contaminated] until evening [sunset, the end of the day]. They [those creatures] are unclean [impure, unholy] for you. word study 29 The following creatures [including weasels, rats, and small reptiles] that move along the ground [upon the earth, on the land] are unclean [spiritually impure, defiled] for you: the mole, the mouse [any kind of small rodent], any kind of great lizard [large reptile, possibly a tortoise], word study 30 the gecko [a type of lizard], the monitor lizard [land-crocodile], the common lizard [wall lizard, or sand-lizard], the skink [a small, agile reptile], and the chameleon [possibly a type of lizard or unclean animal]. word study 31 These [specific, pointed out] animals are [considered] unclean [morally or ceremonially impure] for you among all the crawling [swarming, teeming] creatures. Whoever touches [reaches, strikes] them when they are dead [lifeless, deceased] shall be unclean [defiled, contaminated] until [as far as, till] evening [sunset, end of day]. word study 32 When one of them dies [falls dead, perishes] and falls [comes into contact, touches] on something, that article [object, utensil, vessel] becomes unclean [defiled, contaminated, ceremonially impure]; any article [object, thing] of wood [tree, wooden material], clothing [garment, attire], leather [skin, hide], sackcloth [coarse cloth, mourning cloth], or any implement [tool, utensil] used for work [labor, employment, task] must be rinsed [washed, cleansed] with water [liquid, source of refreshment] and will remain unclean [defiled, impure] until evening [sunset, end of day]; then it will be clean [pure, ceremonially clean, restored]. word study 33 If any of them [these unclean creatures] falls into a clay [earthenware, ceramic] pot, everything [all, whatsoever] in it will be unclean [defiled, contaminated]; you must break [shatter, smash] the pot. word study 34 Any [edible, ceremonial] food [meat, supplies] coming into contact with [touched by, contaminated by] water [liquid, source of refreshment] from that pot will be [become, declared] unclean [foul, contaminated], and any [liquid, beverage] drink [that may be drunk] in such a [ceremonial, ritual] container [vessel, utensil] will be [become, remain] unclean [defiled, impure]. word study 35 Anything [every object, all things] upon which one of their carcasses [dead bodies, corpses] falls will be [become, rendered] unclean [impure, defiled]. If it is an oven [furnace, cooking stove] or cooking pot [stove, range for pots], it must be smashed [broken in pieces, torn down]; it is unclean [impure, contaminated] and will remain unclean [permanently defiled] for you. word study 36 Nevertheless, a spring [fountain, source of water] or cistern [pit, water storage] containing water [liquid, source of refreshment] will remain clean [pure, ceremonially undefiled], but one who touches [reaches, comes into contact with] a carcass [dead body, corpse] in it will be unclean [defiled, contaminated, morally or ceremonially impure]. word study 37 If a [dead body] carcass falls [comes into contact, rests] on any seed [offspring, plant] for sowing [planting, cultivation], the seed [which is to be sown, for planting] is [morally and ceremonially] clean [pure, undefiled]; word study 38 but if water [liquid refreshment, a source of purification] has been put [given, placed] on the seed [offspring, descendants] and a carcass [dead body, corpse] falls [comes down, is dropped] on it, it is unclean [spiritually impure, defiled] for you [to you, regarding you]. word study 39 If an animal [beast, quadruped mammal] that you may eat [are permitted to consume as food] dies [comes to a natural death, perishes], anyone who touches [reaches out to, comes into contact with] the carcass [dead body, corpse] will be unclean [defiled, ceremonially impure] until [as far as, till] evening [sunset, end of the day]. word study 40 Whoever eats [consumes, devours] from the carcass [dead body, corpse] must wash [cleanse, purify] his clothes [garments, attire] and will be unclean [defiled, contaminated] until evening [sunset, dusk], and anyone who picks up [lifts, bears] the carcass [dead body, corpse] must wash [cleanse, purify] his clothes [garments, attire] and will be unclean [defiled, contaminated] until evening [sunset, dusk]. word study 41 Every [all, each] creature [living being, animal] that moves [crawls, swarms] along the ground [upon the earth, on the land] is [considered] detestable [an abomination, repulsive]; it [this creature] must not [shall not] be eaten [consumed as food]. word study 42 Do not eat any creature [living being, animal] that moves along the ground, whether it crawls [goes upon the belly, creeps] on its belly [stomach, abdomen] or walks on four [all fours] or more feet [many feet]; for such creatures [beings, animals] are [considered to be] detestable [an abomination, repulsive]. word study 43 Do not [make yourselves abominable] defile yourselves by any [creeping thing that creepeth, teeming thing] crawling creature; do not become [morally or ceremonially] unclean or [foul, contaminated] defiled by them. word study 44 For I am the LORD [Yehovah, The covenant Name of God] your God; consecrate [set apart, sanctify] yourselves, therefore, and be holy [set apart, sacred], because I am holy [having God’s nature]. You must not defile [make foul, contaminate] yourselves by any creature [swarm of small animals] that crawls [moves lightly, creeps] along the ground [the earth, the land]. word study 45 For I am the LORD [Yehovah, the self-existent God], who brought you up out of the land [earth, territory] of Egypt [a place of bondage] so that I would be your God [Elohim, the one true Deity]; therefore be holy [set apart, sacred], because I am holy [having God’s nature, morally pure]. word study 46 This [the following instruction] is the law [instruction, guiding principle] regarding animals [beasts, livestock], birds [fowl, flying creatures], all [every kind of] living creatures [souls, beings] that move [swim, glide] in the water [liquid, aquatic environment], and all [every type of] creatures [living beings, souls] that crawl [creep, move lightly] along the ground [land, earth]. word study 47 You must distinguish [make a difference, to separate] between the unclean [spiritually impure, defiled] and the clean [pure, ceremonially acceptable], between animals [living creatures, beasts] that may be eaten [consumed as food, lawful to eat] and those that may not [forbidden, not permissible to eat].’” word study