Leviticus 11:5 — Word Study
WLCוְאֶת־ הַשָּׁפָ֗ן כִּֽי־ מַעֲלֵ֤ה גֵרָה֙ ה֔וּא וּפַרְסָ֖ה לֹ֣א יַפְרִ֑יס טָמֵ֥א ה֖וּא לָכֶֽם׃
BSAThe rock badgershâphân [coney, rock hyrax] thoughkîy ithûwʼ chewsʻâlâh the cudgêrâh [regurgitates food, bringing up cud] does notlôʼ have a dividedpâraç▸ [parted, split] ◂hoofparçâh [claw] ithûwʼ is uncleanṭâmêʼ [spiritually impure, defiled]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְאֶת־ | and the object marker | Conjunction, particle |
| הַשָּׁפָ֗ן | the rock badger | Particle, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| כִּֽי־ | that | Particle |
| מַעֲלֵ֤ה | [is] bringing up | Verb, Hiphil, participle (active) masculine singular common |
| גֵרָה֙ | cud | Noun common, feminine singular absolute |
| ה֔וּא | it | Pronoun |
| וּפַרְסָ֖ה | and a hoof | Conjunction, noun common feminine singular absolute |
| לֹ֣א | not | Particle |
| יַפְרִ֑יס | it divides in two | Verb, Hiphil, imperfect third person masculine singular |
| טָמֵ֥א | [is] unclean | Adj |
| ה֖וּא | it | Pronoun |
| לָכֶֽם׃ | to you | Preposition, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | The rock badger, though it chews the cud, does not have a divided hoof; it is unclean for you. |
| KJV | And the coney, because he cheweth the cud, but divideth not the hoof; he is unclean unto you. |
| ASV | And the coney, because he cheweth the cud but parteth not the hoof, he is unclean unto you. |
| YLT | and the rabbit, though it is bringing up the cud, yet the hoof it divideth not — unclean it [is] to you; |
| WEB | The hyrax, because it chews the cud but doesn’t have a parted hoof, is unclean to you. |
| BBE | And the rock-badger, for the same reason, is unclean to you. |
Where they part company is in the rendering of טָמֵא — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence is structured with a main clause followed by two subordinate clauses that provide conditions and conclusions about the rock badger.







8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectהוּא
verbעָלָה
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Leviticus 11:5
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Dietary Laws in Leviticusgenerated
Leviticus 11:5 is part of a larger section where God outlines which animals are clean and unclean for the Israelites to eat. The rock badger, despite its cud-chewing nature, is deemed unclean due to its lack of a divided hoof. This classification is significant in understanding the laws of purity and dietary restrictions that governed ancient Israelite life.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Psalm 104:18 | The high mountains are for the wild goats, the cliffs a refuge for the rock badgers. |
| 2 | Proverbs 30:26 | the rock badgers are creatures of little power, yet they make their homes in the rocks; |
| 3 | Job 36:14 | They die in their youth, among the male shrine prostitutes. |
| 4 | Matthew 7:26 | But everyone who hears these words of Mine and does not act on them is like a foolish man who built his house on sand. |
| 5 | Romans 2:18–24 | if you know His will and approve of what is superior because you are instructed by the law; |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 8 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — שָׁפָן, ha.sha.Fangenerated
The word שָׁפָן (shaphan) refers specifically to the rock badger or hyrax, a small mammal known for its unique physical characteristics. It is mentioned here as part of the dietary laws, highlighting its status as unclean despite its ability to chew the cud.
This classification is based on the animal's anatomy, which does not meet the criteria set forth in the Torah for clean animals. The mention of the rock badger serves to illustrate the distinctions God made regarding dietary practices.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The translations generally agree on the meaning of שָׁפָן as the rock badger.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb in the sentence is טָמֵא, is unclean, which governs the description of the rock badger and its characteristics. The structure indicates a clear relationship between the attributes of the rock badger and its classification as unclean.
The sentence is organized with clauses that detail the animal's actions (chewing cud) and physical traits (not having a divided hoof), culminating in its status as unclean. This structure emphasizes the reasoning behind the dietary laws.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
In the Septuagint, the Hebrew שָׁפָן is rendered as δασύποδα, which translates to 'thick-footed.' This choice highlights the physical characteristics that contribute to its classification as unclean.
The translation reflects a focus on the animal's anatomy, aligning with the Hebrew text's emphasis on the criteria for dietary laws.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Leviticus 11:5 tells us that the rock badger is unclean because it chews the cud but does not have a divided hoof. This classification is part of the dietary laws given to the Israelites, which define what animals are clean or unclean to eat.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
In the context of Leviticus, being unclean means that the rock badger does not meet the criteria set by God for animals that can be eaten.
The dietary laws specify that both characteristics must be met — chewing the cud and having a divided hoof — for an animal to be considered clean.
Other examples include the camel, rabbit, and pig, all of which are noted for similar reasons related to their physical traits.
These laws were specific to the Israelites and their covenant with God, but they are often studied for their spiritual and moral implications in contemporary faith practices.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What can we learn from the dietary laws about God's standards for purity?
- How do the classifications of clean and unclean animals reflect the values of the Israelite community?
- In what ways can we apply the principles of these laws to our lives today?
- What significance do you think the physical characteristics of animals have in the context of God's commands?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
The early commentary on this verse discusses the identification of the rock badger, with some suggesting it may refer to the rabbit or hedgehog, illustrating the challenges of interpreting ancient texts.
The cherogrillus: Some suppose it to be the rabbit, others the hedgehog. St. Jerome intimates that it is another kind of animal common in Palestine, which lives in the holes of rocks or in the earth.Early Church Fathers on Leviticus 11 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Leviticus 11:5 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd the coney,.... Or rabbit: because he cheweth the cud; or "though he cheweth"; which yet, some observe, the coney or rabbit does not, it having upper teeth, and therefore they think some other
Read John Gill on Leviticus 11 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryWhatsoever parteth the hoof, and is clovenfooted, and cheweth the cud, among the beasts, that shall ye eat. Whatsoever parteth the hoof, and is cloven-footed, and cheweth the cud.
Read Robert Jamieson on Leviticus 11 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleSome understand by the Hebrew word shaphan, a mountain mouse, which were of a much greater size than ordinary mice, and were used by the Arabians for food. But for the names of the following creatures, seeing the Jews themselves are uncertain and divided about them, I think it improper to trouble the unlearned reader with disputes about them, and for the learned, they may have recourse to my Latin Synopsis. I shall therefore take them according to our translation.
Read Matthew Poole on Leviticus 11 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsLeviticus 11:5 And the coney, because he cheweth the cud, but divideth not the hoof; he [is] unclean unto you.Ver. 5. And the coney.] Which hath his name in Hebrew from hiding himself in holes. A weak, but a wise creature. And wisdom is better than strength. The hare that trusts to the swiftness of her legs, is at length taken and torn in pieces; when the coney that flees to the rocks, doth easily avoid the dogs that pursue her. See Isaiah 40:30-31.
Read John Trapp on Leviticus 11 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(5) And the coney, because he cheweth the cud, but divideth not . . . —Better, though he cheweth the cud, yet he divideth not. (See Leviticus 11:4.) The coney, which is the old English name for rabbit, is the meaning of the Hebrew expression shaphan, according to the definition of those who had to explain and administer this law at the time of Christ. As these interpreters lived in Palestine, where they saw the animals in question, the objection that the rabbit is not indigenous in Palestine falls to the ground. These shrewd Administrators of the law must also have noticed that it was the habit of the feeble conies to seek refuge and build in the fissures of the rocks, which not…
Read Charles John Ellicott on Leviticus 11 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 5. The coney] שפן shaphan, not the rabbit, but rather a creature nearly resembling it, which abounds in Judea, Palestine, and Arabia, and is called by Dr. Shaw daman Israel, and by Mr. Bruce ashkoko. As this creature nearly resembles the rabbit, with which Spain anciently abounded, Bochart supposes that the Phoenicians might have given it the name of שפניה spaniah, from the multitude of שפנים shephanim (or spanim, as others pronounce it) which were found there. Hence the emblem of Spain is a woman sitting with a rabbit at her feet. See a coin of Hadrian in Scheuchzer.
Read AdamClarke on Leviticus 11 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges5. the coney] The exact equivalent of the Heb. shâphân is given in R.V. mg. In Psalms 104:18; Proverbs 30:26 it is described as a weak and timid animal, taking refuge in the rocks, and Tristram (Land of Israel, p. 250) remarks that it is difficult to capture. ‘Coney,’ an old English term for ‘rabbit,’ is the rendering of A.V., which follows the traditional Jewish interpretation. As ‘coney’ is no longer in use, it has been retained in R.V., on the principle of avoiding all unnecessary alteration, but with the exact rendering in the margin. This is one of many instances where the rendering of R.V. mg. is essential for the full understanding of that version. The coney (rock-badger) and hare…
Read Cambridge on Leviticus 11 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleThe coney - The Old English name for a rabbit. The animal meant is the Hyrax Syriacus.
Read Albert Barnes on Leviticus 11 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
The rock badger, though it chews the cud, does not have a divided hoof; it is unclean for you.
The hyrax, because it chews the cud but doesn’t have a parted hoof, is unclean to you.
The rock badger, though it chews the cud, does not have a divided hoof; it is unclean for you.
The rock badger is unclean to you because it chews the cud even though its hoof is not divided.
Tyndale line
And the coney, because he cheweth the cud, but divideth not the hoof; he is unclean unto you.
And the coney, because he cheweth the cud but parteth not the hoof, he is unclean unto you.
And the coney, because he cheweth the cud but parteth not the hoof, he is unclean unto you.
And the coney, because he cheweth the cud, but divideth not the hoof; he is unclean to you.
Likewise the conie, because he cheweth the cud and deuideth not the hoofe, he shall bee vncleane to you.
Strictly literal
and the rock-badger, for it cheweth the cud, but hath not cloven hoofs — it shall be unclean unto you;
and the rabbit, though it is bringing up the cud, yet the hoof it divideth not — unclean it [is] to you;
and the hyrax, though it is bringing up the cud, yet the hoof is not divided—it [is] unclean to you;
And the cony; because he cheweth the cud, but divideth not the hoof; he is unclean unto you.
Also the rock badger, because it chews the cud but does not have a split hoof, it is also unclean to you.
From the Latin
The cherogrillus which cheweth the cud, but divideth not the hoof, is unclean.
Simplified
The rock hyrax, which though it chews the cud doesn't have a divided hoof, so it is unclean for you.
And the rock-badger, for the same reason, is unclean to you.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text is consistent with the Septuagint, as both identify the rock badger as unclean. The Samaritan Pentateuch differs slightly, using מעלי (ascend) instead of מַעֲלֵה (bringing up) and הפריס (divide) instead of יַפְרִ֑יס (it divides in two).
וְאֶת־ הַשָּׁפָ֗ן כִּֽי־ מַעֲלֵ֤ה גֵרָה֙ ה֔וּא וּפַרְסָ֖ה לֹ֣א יַפְרִ֑יס טָמֵ֥א ה֖וּא לָכֶֽם׃
12 of the 12 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
ואת השׁפן כי מעלי גרה הוא ופרסה לא הפריס טמא הוא לכם
2 words differ from the Masoretic Text: מעלי (ascend), הפריס (divide)
[ואת] [השפן] [כי] [מעלה] [גרה] הוא ופרסה לא [יפריס] [טמא] [הוא] [ל׳כם]
2 words on the leather — 1 partly restored, 9 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Leviticus 11:5
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HC/To — Conjunction · particleHC/To
The Hebrew word שָׁפָן (shaphan) refers to a rock badger or hyrax. It also denotes a historical figure, a secretary under King Josiah, who is mentioned as the father of several individuals, including Ahikam and Elasah. There is some uncertainty regarding the relationships between these figures, as some entries suggest they may be the same person.
שָׁפָן n.m. rock-badger, hyrax syriacus
base
שָׁפָן n.pr.m.
secretary under Josiah
father of אֲחִיקָם, contemp. of 1 (improb. = 1)
father of אֶלְעָשָׂה, perh. = 2.
father of גְּמַרְיָ֫הוּ, perh. = 1.
father of יַאֲזַנְיָ֫הוּ, possibly = 1.
base
H8227a שָׁפָן rock-badger, hyrax syriacus H8227b שָׁפָן . secretary under Josiah
. father of אֲחִיקָם, contemp. of 1 (improb. = 1)
. father of אֶלְעָשָׂה, perh. = 2.
. father of גְּמַרְיָ֫הוּ, perh. = 1.
. father of יַאֲזַנְיָ֫הוּ, possibly = 1.
8227 shaphan shaw-fawn'
from 8226; a species of rock-rabbit (from its hiding), i.e.
probably the hyrax:--coney.
see HEBREW for 08226
שָׁפָן (sha.phan) — rock badger.
rock badger, coney, the hyrax
שָׁפָן (sha.phan) — Shaphan.
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Ki.22.3;
son of: Azaliah (H0683);
father of: Ahikam (H0296), Elasah (H0501J), Gemariah (H1587H)
§ Shaphan = "coney"
1) secretary or scribe of king Josiah of Judah
2) father of Ahikam in the time of king Josiah of Judah
2a) improbably the same as 2
3) father of Elasah in the time of the prophet Jeremiah
3a) perhaps the same as 3
4) a scribe and father of Gemariah
4a) perhaps the same as 2
5) father of Jaazaniah in the time of Ezekiel
5a) perhaps the same as 2
שָׁפָן (sha.phan) — Shaphan.
A man living at the time of Exile and Return, only mentioned at Ezk.8.11;
father of: Jaazaniah (H2970H)
§ Shaphan = "coney"
1) secretary or scribe of king Josiah of Judah
2) father of Ahikam in the time of king Josiah of Judah
Art | N-ms — Particle · noun common masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ncmsa
כִּי (ki) is a conjunction primarily meaning 'that,' 'for,' or 'when.' It indicates causal relationships and can express conditions like 'if' or 'though.' The word is versatile, appearing in various contexts to convey certainty, exception, or concession. Notably, it can combine with other particles to modify its meaning, such as in the phrase כִּי אם־ (ki im), meaning 'that if.'
כִּי conj. that, for, when
that
Of time, when, of the past
elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם
when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though
Because, since
base
כִּי אם־
each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause:
that if
for if
(About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause—
limiting the prec. clause, except
the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but
after an oath, surely
base
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
H3588a כִּי that, for, when . that
. . Of time, when, of the past
. elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם
. when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though
. Because, since
H3588b כִּי אם־ . each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause: . that if
. for if
. (About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause— . limiting the prec. clause, except
. the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but
. after an oath, surely
H3588c כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
3588 kiy kee
a primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional
prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent
or consequent; (by implication) very widely used as a relative
conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by
other particles annexed:--and, + (forasmuch, inasmuch,
where-)as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else,
even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, +
nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then,
therefore, + (al- )though, + till, truly, + until, when,
whether, while, whom, yea, yet.
כִּי (ki) — for.
1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since
1a) that
1a1) yea, indeed
1b) when (of time)
1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)
1c) because, since (causal connection)
1d) but (after negative)
1e) that if, for if, indeed if, for though, but if
1f) but rather, but
1g) except that
1h) only, nevertheless
1i) surely
1j) that is
1k) but if
1l) for though
1m) forasmuch as, for therefore
כִּי [אם] (ki im) — that if: except.
1) except if
1a) but if
1b) even though
כִּי [עַל כֵּן] (ki [al ken]) — for as that: since.
1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since
1a) that
1a1) yea, indeed
1b) when (of time)
1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)
1c) because, since (causal connection)
1d) but (after negative)
Conj — ParticleHTc
The Hebrew word עָלָה (alah) means 'to ascend' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including going up, climbing, and rising in various contexts such as personal, natural, and spiritual. It can refer to actions involving people, animals, vegetation, and even thoughts, and includes nuances of being exalted or offering sacrifices. The word is built from a primitive root and appears in various grammatical forms, indicating different aspects of ascent or elevation.
עָלָה 890 vb. go up, ascend, climb
Qal
of persons, go up, ascend, in local relations
go up, in personal relations
of animals, go or come up
of vegetation, spring up, grow, shoot forth
of natural phenom., go up, rise
of inanimate things, instead of passive construction
of thoughts
come up before God, arrogance
go up, extend, of boundary
excel
Niph.
be brought up
be taken up
pass., be taken up, away
reflex., take oneself away from, get up from
reflex.: take oneself away
be exalted, of God
Hiph.
bring up persons
in personal relations
bring up animals
cause to ascend
mentally
offer a present; bring up tithe to
exalt
cause to ascend (in flame), offer sacrifice
Hoph.
be carried away
be taken up into, inserted in
be offered
Hithp. lift oneself
base
H5927 עָלָה go up, ascend, climb .. of persons, go up, ascend, in local relations
. go up, in personal relations
. of animals, go or come up
. of vegetation, spring up, grow, shoot forth
. of natural phenom., go up, rise
. of inanimate things, instead of passive construction
. of thoughts
. come up before God, arrogance
. go up, extend, of boundary
. excel
. . . be brought up
. be taken up
. . pass., be taken up, away
. reflex., take oneself away from, get up from
. reflex.: take oneself away
. be exalted, of God
. . bring up persons
. in personal relations
. bring up animals
. cause to ascend
. mentally
. offer a present; bring up tithe to
. exalt
. cause to ascend (in flame), offer sacrifice
. . be carried away
. be taken up into, inserted in
. be offered
. lift oneself
5927 `alah aw-law'
a primitive root; to ascend, intransitively (be high) or
actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary
and secondary, literal and figurative (as follow):--arise
(up), (cause to) ascend up, at once, break (the day) (up),
bring (up), (cause to) burn, carry up, cast up, + shew, climb
(up), (cause to, make to) come (up), cut off, dawn, depart,
exalt, excel, fall, fetch up, get up, (make to) go (away, up);
grow (over) increase, lay, leap, levy, lift (self) up, light,
(make) up, X mention, mount up, offer, make to pay, + perfect,
prefer, put (on), raise, recover, restore, (make to) rise
(up), scale, set (up), shoot forth (up), (begin to) spring
(up), stir up, take away (up), work.
עָלָה (a.lah) — to ascend: rise.
: rise/go
1) to go up, ascend, climb
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to go up, ascend
1a2) to meet, visit, follow, depart, withdraw, retreat
1a3) to go up, come up (of animals)
1a4) to spring up, grow, shoot forth (of vegetation)
1a5) to go up, go up over, rise (of natural phenomenon)
1a6) to come up (before God)
1a7) to go up, go up over, extend (of boundary)
1a8) to excel, be superior to
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be taken up, be brought up, be taken away
1b2) to take oneself away
1b3) to be exalted
1c) (Hiphil)
1c1) to bring up, cause to ascend or climb, cause to go up
1c2) to bring up, bring against, take away
1c3) to bring up, draw up, train
1c4) to cause to ascend
1c5) to rouse, stir up (mentally)
1c6) to offer, bring up (of gifts)
1c7) to exalt
1c8) to cause to ascend, offer
1d) (Hophal)
1d1) to be carried away, be led up
1d2) to be taken up into, be inserted in
1d3) to be offered
V-Hiphil — Verb · Hiphil · participle (active) masculine singular commonHVhrmsc
גֵּרָה (gerah) means 'cud' and is derived from the root word meaning to scrape the throat. It specifically refers to the cud of clean and unclean animals, appearing in legislative contexts in the Old Testament.
גֵּרָה n.f. cud, only in legislation of clean and unclean animals
base
H1625 גֵּרָה cud
1625 gerah gay-raw'
from 1641; the cud (as scraping the throat):--cud.
see HEBREW for 01641
גֵּרָה (ge.rah) — cud.
cud
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular absoluteHNcfsa
הוּא (hu) is a third-person singular pronoun meaning he, she, or it, used for emphasis or when no verb is present. It can also refer to oneself or serve as a demonstrative pronoun. The word has various nuances, including resuming the subject with emphasis or expressing it unobtrusively. It can indicate 'that' or 'those' when used with the definite article.
הוּא m. הִיא f., pron. of the 3rd ps. sing. he, she, used also (in both genders) for the neuter it
an emph. he (she, it, they), sometimes equivalent to himself (herself, itself, themselves), or (esp. with the art.) that (those)
It resumes the subj. with emph.
Where, however, the pron. follows the pred., its position gives it the minimum of emphasis, and it expresses (or resumes) the subject as unobtrusively as possible
It anticipates (as it seems) the subject
As an emph. predicate, of God
In a neuter sense, that, it (of an action, occurrence, matte, etc.)
With the art.: so regularly when joined to a subst. defined itself by the art.
base
H1931 הוּא, הִיא he, she, used also (in both genders) for the neuter it . an emph. he (she, it, they), sometimes equivalent to himself (herself, itself, themselves), or (esp. with the art.) that (those)
. It resumes the subj. with emph.
. Where, however, the pron. follows the pred., its position gives it the minimum of emphasis, and it expresses (or resumes) the subject as unobtrusively as possible
. It anticipates (as it seems) the subject
. As an emph. predicate, of God
. In a neuter sense, that, it (of an action, occurrence, matte, etc.)
. With the art.: so regularly when joined to a subst. defined itself by the art.
1931 huw' hoo
of which the feminine (beyond the Pentateuch) is hiyw {he}; a
primitive word, the third person pronoun singular, he (she or
it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also
(intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same;
sometimes (as demonstrative) this or that; occasionally
(instead of copula) as or are:--he, as for her, him(-self),
it, the same, she (herself), such, that (...it), these, they,
this, those, which (is), who.
הוּא (hu) — he/she/it.
pron 3p s
1) he, she, it
1a) himself (with emphasis)
1b) resuming subj with emphasis
1c) (with minimum emphasis following predicate)
1d) (anticipating subj)
1e) (emphasising predicate)
1f) that, it (neuter) demons pron
2) that (with article)
Pron — PronounHPp3ms
פַּרְסָה (par.sah) refers to a hoof, likely originating from the concept of a divided hoof. It encompasses the hooves of ruminants and also mentions horses, which have undivided hooves. The entries consistently highlight its feminine form and its relation to the root word for claw or split hoof.
פַּרְסָה 21 n.f. hoof (prob. orig. divided hoof)
base
H6541 פַּרְסָה hoof (prob. orig. divided hoof)
6541 parcah par-saw'
feminine of 6538; a claw or split hoof:--claw,
(cloven-)footed, hoof.
see HEBREW for 06538
פַּרְסָה (par.sah) — hoof.
1) hoof
1a) of ruminants
1b) of horses (undivided hooves)
Conj | N-fs — Conjunction · noun common feminine singular absoluteHC/Ncfsa
hoof.
See CHEW; CLOVEN.
Hoof
A cleft hoof as of neat cattle (Ex. 10:26; Ezek. 32:13); hence also of the horse, though not cloven (Isa. 5:28). The “parting of the hoof” is one of the distinctions between clean and unclean animals (Lev. 11:3; Deut. 14:7).
לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'
לֹא or לוֹא adv. not
base
H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not
3808 lo' lo
or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often
used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,
ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,
no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out
of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +
of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.
לֹא (lo) — not.
1) not, no
1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)
1b) not (with modifier-negation)
1c) nothing (subst)
1d) without (with particle)
1e) before (of time)
Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)
Part — ParticleHTn
פָּרַס (parac) is a Hebrew verb meaning to break in two or divide. It can refer to breaking up or dividing something, often without violence, and is associated with the division of hoofs in its Hiphil form. The word has an Aramaic equivalent, פְּרַס (pe.ras), which also means 'to divide.'
[פָּרַס, erron. פָּרַשׂ] vb. break in two, divide
Qal they have broken up bones, as in kettle
Hiph.
divide hoof, i.e. have divided hoof
having hoofs
base
H6536 [פָּרַס, erron. פָּרַשׂ] break in two, divide
6536 parac paw-ras'
a primitive root; to break in pieces, i.e. (usually without
violence) to split, distribute:--deal, divide, have hoofs,
part, tear.
פָּרַס (pa.ras) — to divide.
1) to divide, break in two
1a) (Qal) to break, break up
1b) (Hiphil) to be divided (of hoofs)
Aramaic equivalent: pe.ras (פְּרַס "to divide" H6537A)
V-Hiphil-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Hiphil · imperfect third person masculine singularHVhi3ms
too.
See NUMBER.
טָמֵא (tame') means 'unclean' and is derived from a root that conveys a sense of defilement or pollution, particularly in a religious context. It covers ethical, religious, and ritual impurity, and can refer to both people and places.
טָמֵא adj. unclean
base
H2931 טָמֵא unclean
2931 tame' taw-may'
from 2930; foul in a relig. sense:--defiled, + infamous,
polluted(-tion), unclean.
see HEBREW for 02930
טָמֵא (ta.me) — unclean.
1) unclean, impure
1a) ethically and religiously
1b) ritually
1c) of places
Adj — AdjHAamsa
See CLEAN.
→ (Ceremonially speaking)
Creatures designated as such Le 11; De 14
→ See UNCLEANNESS
הוּא (hu) is a third-person singular pronoun meaning he, she, or it, used for emphasis or when no verb is present. It can also refer to oneself or serve as a demonstrative pronoun. The word has various nuances, including resuming the subject with emphasis or expressing it unobtrusively. It can indicate 'that' or 'those' when used with the definite article.
הוּא m. הִיא f., pron. of the 3rd ps. sing. he, she, used also (in both genders) for the neuter it
an emph. he (she, it, they), sometimes equivalent to himself (herself, itself, themselves), or (esp. with the art.) that (those)
It resumes the subj. with emph.
Where, however, the pron. follows the pred., its position gives it the minimum of emphasis, and it expresses (or resumes) the subject as unobtrusively as possible
It anticipates (as it seems) the subject
As an emph. predicate, of God
In a neuter sense, that, it (of an action, occurrence, matte, etc.)
With the art.: so regularly when joined to a subst. defined itself by the art.
base
H1931 הוּא, הִיא he, she, used also (in both genders) for the neuter it . an emph. he (she, it, they), sometimes equivalent to himself (herself, itself, themselves), or (esp. with the art.) that (those)
. It resumes the subj. with emph.
. Where, however, the pron. follows the pred., its position gives it the minimum of emphasis, and it expresses (or resumes) the subject as unobtrusively as possible
. It anticipates (as it seems) the subject
. As an emph. predicate, of God
. In a neuter sense, that, it (of an action, occurrence, matte, etc.)
. With the art.: so regularly when joined to a subst. defined itself by the art.
1931 huw' hoo
of which the feminine (beyond the Pentateuch) is hiyw {he}; a
primitive word, the third person pronoun singular, he (she or
it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also
(intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same;
sometimes (as demonstrative) this or that; occasionally
(instead of copula) as or are:--he, as for her, him(-self),
it, the same, she (herself), such, that (...it), these, they,
this, those, which (is), who.
הוּא (hu) — he/she/it.
pron 3p s
1) he, she, it
1a) himself (with emphasis)
1b) resuming subj with emphasis
1c) (with minimum emphasis following predicate)
1d) (anticipating subj)
1e) (emphasising predicate)
1f) that, it (neuter) demons pron
2) that (with article)
Pron — PronounHPp3ms
כֶם (khem) — you.
Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 2nd person masculine plural
HRd/Sp2mp — Preposition · suffixHRd/Sp2mp
