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2 Samuel 17:19

2 Samuel 17:19 in Multiple Translations

Then the man’s wife took a covering and spread it over the mouth of the well, scattering grain over it so nobody would know a thing.

And the woman took and spread a covering over the well’s mouth, and spread ground corn thereon; and the thing was not known.

And the woman took and spread the covering over the well’s mouth, and strewed bruised grain thereon; and nothing was known.

And a woman put a cover over the hole, and put crushed grain on top of it, and no one had any knowledge of it.

His wife took a cloth to cover the well and spread it out over the opening and then scattered grain over it. No one knew the men were there.

And the wife tooke and spred a couering ouer the welles mouth, and spred ground corne thereon, that the thing should not be knowen.

and the woman taketh and spreadeth the covering over the face of the well, and spreadeth on it the ground corn, and the thing hath not been known.

The woman took and spread the covering over the well’s mouth, and spread out crushed grain on it; and nothing was known.

And the woman took and spread a covering over the well's mouth, and spread ground corn upon it; and the thing was not known.

And a woman took, and spread a covering over the mouth of the well, as it were to dry sodden barley: and so the thing was not known.

The man’s wife took a cloth/mat and covered the well, and scattered grain on top of it in order that no one would know that two men were hiding inside it.

Study Highlights

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Berean Amplified Bible — 2 Samuel 17:19

BAB
Word Study

Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.

Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.

2 Samuel 17:19 Interlinear (Deep Study)

BIB
HEB וַ/תִּקַּ֣ח הָ/אִשָּׁ֗ה וַ/תִּפְרֹ֤שׂ אֶת הַ/מָּסָךְ֙ עַל פְּנֵ֣י הַ/בְּאֵ֔ר וַ/תִּשְׁטַ֥ח עָלָ֖י/ו הָֽ/רִפ֑וֹת וְ/לֹ֥א נוֹדַ֖ע דָּבָֽר
וַ/תִּקַּ֣ח lâqach H3947 to take Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3fs
הָ/אִשָּׁ֗ה ʼishshâh H802 woman Art | N-fs
וַ/תִּפְרֹ֤שׂ pâras H6566 to spread Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3fs
אֶת ʼêth H853 Obj. DirObjM
הַ/מָּסָךְ֙ mâçâk H4539 covering Art | N-ms
עַל ʻal H5921 upon Prep
פְּנֵ֣י pânîym H6440 face N-cp
הַ/בְּאֵ֔ר bᵉʼêr H875 well Art | N-fs
וַ/תִּשְׁטַ֥ח shâṭach H7849 to spread Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3fs
עָלָ֖י/ו ʻal H5921 upon Prep | Suff
הָֽ/רִפ֑וֹת rîyphâh H7383 grain Art | N-fp
וְ/לֹ֥א lôʼ H3808 not Conj | Part
נוֹדַ֖ע yâdaʻ H3045 to know V-Niphal-Perf-3ms
דָּבָֽר dâbâr H1697 Chronicles N-ms
Hebrew Word Study

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Hebrew Word Reference — 2 Samuel 17:19

וַ/תִּקַּ֣ח lâqach H3947 "to take" Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3fs
This Hebrew word means to take or get something, and it is used in many different ways in the Bible. It can mean to take a wife, to take possession of something, or to receive a gift. For example, in Genesis 2:22, God takes a rib from Adam to create Eve.
Definition: : take 1) to take, get, fetch, lay hold of, seize, receive, acquire, buy, bring, marry, take a wife, snatch, take away 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to take, take in the hand 1a2) to take and carry along 1a3) to take from, take out of, take, carry away, take away 1a4) to take to or for a person, procure, get, take possession of, select, choose, take in marriage, receive, accept 1a5) to take up or upon, put upon 1a6) to fetch 1a7) to take, lead, conduct 1a8) to take, capture, seize 1a9) to take, carry off 1a10) to take (vengeance) 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be captured 1b2) to be taken away, be removed 1b3) to be taken, brought unto 1c) (Pual) 1c1) to be taken from or out of 1c2) to be stolen from 1c3) to be taken captive 1c4) to be taken away, be removed 1d) (Hophal) 1d1) to be taken unto, be brought unto 1d2) to be taken out of 1d3) to be taken away 1e) (Hithpael) 1e1) to take hold of oneself 1e2) to flash about (of lightning)
Usage: Occurs in 909 OT verses. KJV: accept, bring, buy, carry away, drawn, fetch, get, infold, [idiom] many, mingle, place, receive(-ing), reserve, seize, send for, take (away, -ing, up), use, win. See also: Genesis 2:15; Genesis 34:17; Exodus 30:23.
הָ/אִשָּׁ֗ה ʼishshâh H802 "woman" Art | N-fs
The Hebrew word for woman, used to describe a female person, wife, or animal, appears in many biblical passages, including Genesis and Exodus, and is often translated as woman, wife, or female.
Definition: : woman 1) woman, wife, female 1a) woman (opposite of man) 1b) wife (woman married to a man) 1c) female (of animals) 1d) each, every (pronoun)
Usage: Occurs in 686 OT verses. KJV: (adulter) ess, each, every, female, [idiom] many, [phrase] none, one, [phrase] together, wife, woman. Often unexpressed in English. See also: Genesis 2:22; Genesis 34:4; Numbers 5:12.
וַ/תִּפְרֹ֤שׂ pâras H6566 "to spread" Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3fs
This word means to spread or break something apart, like scattering or stretching out. It is used to describe physical and figurative actions in the Bible.
Definition: 1) to spread, spread out, stretch, break in pieces 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to spread out, display 1a2) to spread over 1b) (Niphal) to be scattered, be spread out 1c) (Piel) 1c1) to spread out 1c1) to scatter
Usage: Occurs in 66 OT verses. KJV: break, chop in pieces, lay open, scatter, spread (abroad, forth, selves, out), stretch (forth, out). See also: Exodus 9:29; Psalms 44:21; Psalms 68:15.
אֶת ʼêth H853 "Obj." DirObjM
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Definition: sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
Usage: Occurs in 6782 OT verses. KJV: (as such unrepresented in English). See also: Genesis 1:1; Genesis 10:8; Genesis 19:21.
הַ/מָּסָךְ֙ mâçâk H4539 "covering" Art | N-ms
This term means a cover or veil, like the screen of the tabernacle, used for hiding or protection.
Definition: 1) covering, rag, screen 1a) covering 1b) screen (of the tabernacle)
Usage: Occurs in 25 OT verses. KJV: covering, curtain, hanging. See also: Exodus 26:36; Exodus 40:8; Psalms 105:39.
עַל ʻal H5921 "upon" Prep
This Hebrew word means on or above something, like a physical object or a situation. It can also imply a sense of responsibility or accountability, as in being on behalf of someone.
Definition: prep 1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against 1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards 1b) above, beyond, over (of excess) 1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence) 1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition) 1e) over (of suspension or extension) 1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity) 1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion) 1h) to (as a dative)
Usage: Occurs in 4493 OT verses. KJV: above, according to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, [idiom] as, at, because of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, [idiom] both and, by (reason of), [idiom] had the charge of, concerning for, in (that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-) on, over, than, through(-out), to, touching, [idiom] with. See also: Genesis 1:2; Genesis 24:13; Genesis 41:33.
פְּנֵ֣י pânîym H6440 "face" N-cp
This word means face or presence, like being in front of someone or something. It's used in many contexts, like in Genesis, Exodus, and Psalms, to describe interactions and relationships.
Definition: : face 1) face 1a) face, faces 1b) presence, person 1c) face (of seraphim or cherubim) 1d) face (of animals) 1e) face, surface (of ground) 1f) as adv of loc/temp 1f1) before and behind, toward, in front of, forward, formerly, from beforetime, before 1g) with prep 1g1) in front of, before, to the front of, in the presence of, in the face of, at the face or front of, from the presence of, from before, from before the face of
Usage: Occurs in 1891 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] accept, a-(be-) fore(-time), against, anger, [idiom] as (long as), at, [phrase] battle, [phrase] because (of), [phrase] beseech, countenance, edge, [phrase] employ, endure, [phrase] enquire, face, favour, fear of, for, forefront(-part), form(-er time, -ward), from, front, heaviness, [idiom] him(-self), [phrase] honourable, [phrase] impudent, [phrase] in, it, look(-eth) (-s), [idiom] me, [phrase] meet, [idiom] more than, mouth, of, off, (of) old (time), [idiom] on, open, [phrase] out of, over against, the partial, person, [phrase] please, presence, propect, was purposed, by reason of, [phrase] regard, right forth, [phrase] serve, [idiom] shewbread, sight, state, straight, [phrase] street, [idiom] thee, [idiom] them(-selves), through ([phrase] -out), till, time(-s) past, (un-) to(-ward), [phrase] upon, upside ([phrase] down), with(-in, [phrase] -stand), [idiom] ye, [idiom] you. See also: Genesis 1:2; Genesis 43:31; Exodus 30:16.
הַ/בְּאֵ֔ר bᵉʼêr H875 "well" Art | N-fs
A well or pit, like a water source, is what this word refers to. It can also mean a spring, and is often translated as a well or pit in the Bible.
Definition: well, pit, spring
Usage: Occurs in 33 OT verses. KJV: pit, well. See also: Genesis 14:10; Genesis 29:3; Psalms 55:24.
וַ/תִּשְׁטַ֥ח shâṭach H7849 "to spread" Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3fs
This word means to spread or expand something, like God spreading out the heavens in Isaiah or the Israelites spreading out to conquer the Promised Land.
Definition: 1) to spread, spread abroad, stretch out 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to spread 1a2) spreading, expanding (participle) 1b) (Piel) to spread out
Usage: Occurs in 5 OT verses. KJV: all abroad, enlarge, spread, stretch out. See also: Numbers 11:32; Job 12:23; Psalms 88:10.
עָלָ֖י/ו ʻal H5921 "upon" Prep | Suff
This Hebrew word means on or above something, like a physical object or a situation. It can also imply a sense of responsibility or accountability, as in being on behalf of someone.
Definition: prep 1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against 1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards 1b) above, beyond, over (of excess) 1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence) 1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition) 1e) over (of suspension or extension) 1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity) 1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion) 1h) to (as a dative)
Usage: Occurs in 4493 OT verses. KJV: above, according to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, [idiom] as, at, because of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, [idiom] both and, by (reason of), [idiom] had the charge of, concerning for, in (that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-) on, over, than, through(-out), to, touching, [idiom] with. See also: Genesis 1:2; Genesis 24:13; Genesis 41:33.
הָֽ/רִפ֑וֹת rîyphâh H7383 "grain" Art | N-fp
This Hebrew word refers to grain or grits that have been pounded or ground into smaller pieces. It is used to describe food that has been prepared for eating. The Bible mentions it as ground corn or wheat.
Definition: 1) a grain or fruit (for grinding) 1a) meaning uncertain
Usage: Occurs in 2 OT verses. KJV: ground corn, wheat. See also: 2 Samuel 17:19; Proverbs 27:22.
וְ/לֹ֥א lôʼ H3808 "not" Conj | Part
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Definition: 1) not, no 1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition) 1b) not (with modifier-negation) 1c) nothing (subst) 1d) without (with particle) 1e) before (of time) Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)
Usage: Occurs in 3967 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] before, [phrase] or else, ere, [phrase] except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never, no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), ([idiom] as though...,(can-), for) not (out of), of nought, otherwise, out of, [phrase] surely, [phrase] as truly as, [phrase] of a truth, [phrase] verily, for want, [phrase] whether, without. See also: Genesis 2:5; Genesis 31:15; Exodus 4:9.
נוֹדַ֖ע yâdaʻ H3045 "to know" V-Niphal-Perf-3ms
The Hebrew word for to know means to ascertain by seeing, and is used in many senses, including to learn, perceive, and recognize, as seen in various KJV translations.
Definition: 1) to know 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to know 1a1a) to know, learn to know 1a1b) to perceive 1a1c) to perceive and see, find out and discern 1a1d) to discriminate, distinguish 1a1e) to know by experience 1a1f) to recognise, admit, acknowledge, confess 1a1g) to consider 1a2) to know, be acquainted with 1a3) to know (a person carnally) 1a4) to know how, be skilful in 1a5) to have knowledge, be wise 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be made known, be or become known, be revealed 1b2) to make oneself known 1b3) to be perceived 1b4) to be instructed 1c) (Piel) to cause to know 1d) (Poal) to cause to know 1e) (Pual) 1e1) to be known 1e2) known, one known, acquaintance (participle) 1f) (Hiphil) to make known, declare 1g) (Hophal) to be made known 1h) (Hithpael) to make oneself known, reveal oneself Aramaic equivalent: ye.da (יְדַע "to know" H3046)
Usage: Occurs in 874 OT verses. KJV: acknowledge, acquaintance(-ted with), advise, answer, appoint, assuredly, be aware, (un-) awares, can(-not), certainly, comprehend, consider, [idiom] could they, cunning, declare, be diligent, (can, cause to) discern, discover, endued with, familiar friend, famous, feel, can have, be (ig-) norant, instruct, kinsfolk, kinsman, (cause to let, make) know, (come to give, have, take) knowledge, have (knowledge), (be, make, make to be, make self) known, [phrase] be learned, [phrase] lie by man, mark, perceive, privy to, [idiom] prognosticator, regard, have respect, skilful, shew, can (man of) skill, be sure, of a surety, teach, (can) tell, understand, have (understanding), [idiom] will be, wist, wit, wot. See also: Genesis 3:5; Leviticus 5:4; Judges 21:12.
דָּבָֽר dâbâr H1697 "Chronicles" N-ms
A word or thing, like a matter or affair, as seen in the book of Chronicles where it refers to the events and words of kings. It can also mean a cause or reason for something.
Definition: This name means word, speaking
Usage: Occurs in 1290 OT verses. KJV: act, advice, affair, answer, [idiom] any such (thing), because of, book, business, care, case, cause, certain rate, [phrase] chronicles, commandment, [idiom] commune(-ication), [phrase] concern(-ing), [phrase] confer, counsel, [phrase] dearth, decree, deed, [idiom] disease, due, duty, effect, [phrase] eloquent, errand, (evil favoured-) ness, [phrase] glory, [phrase] harm, hurt, [phrase] iniquity, [phrase] judgment, language, [phrase] lying, manner, matter, message, (no) thing, oracle, [idiom] ought, [idiom] parts, [phrase] pertaining, [phrase] please, portion, [phrase] power, promise, provision, purpose, question, rate, reason, report, request, [idiom] (as hast) said, sake, saying, sentence, [phrase] sign, [phrase] so, some (uncleanness), somewhat to say, [phrase] song, speech, [idiom] spoken, talk, task, [phrase] that, [idiom] there done, thing (concerning), thought, [phrase] thus, tidings, what(-soever), [phrase] wherewith, which, word, work. See also: Genesis 11:1; Exodus 23:8; Deuteronomy 18:21.

Study Notes — 2 Samuel 17:19

Show Verse Quote Highlights

Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1 Exodus 1:19 The midwives answered Pharaoh, “The Hebrew women are not like the Egyptian women, for they are vigorous and give birth before a midwife arrives.”
2 Joshua 2:4–24 But the woman had taken the two men and hidden them. So she said, “Yes, the men did come to me, but I did not know where they had come from. At dusk, when the gate was about to close, the men went out, and I do not know which way they went. Pursue them quickly, and you may catch them!” (But Rahab had taken them up to the roof and hidden them among the stalks of flax that she had laid out there.) So the king’s men set out in pursuit of the spies along the road to the fords of the Jordan, and as soon as they had gone out, the gate was shut. Before the spies lay down for the night, Rahab went up on the roof and said to them, “I know that the LORD has given you this land and that the fear of you has fallen on us, so that all who dwell in the land are melting in fear of you. For we have heard how the LORD dried up the waters of the Red Sea before you when you came out of Egypt, and what you did to Sihon and Og, the two kings of the Amorites across the Jordan, whom you devoted to destruction. When we heard this, our hearts melted and everyone’s courage failed because of you, for the LORD your God is God in the heavens above and on the earth below. Now therefore, please swear to me by the LORD that you will indeed show kindness to my family, because I showed kindness to you. Give me a sure sign that you will spare the lives of my father and mother, my brothers and sisters, and all who belong to them, and that you will deliver us from death.” “Our lives for your lives!” the men agreed. “If you do not report our mission, we will show you kindness and faithfulness when the LORD gives us the land.” Then Rahab let them down by a rope through the window, since the house where she lived was built into the wall of the city. “Go to the hill country,” she said, “so that your pursuers will not find you. Hide yourselves there for three days until they have returned; then go on your way.” The men said to her, “We will not be bound by this oath you made us swear unless, when we enter the land, you have tied this scarlet cord in the window through which you let us down, and unless you have brought your father and mother and brothers and all your family into your house. If anyone goes out the door of your house into the street, his blood will be on his own head, and we will be innocent. But if a hand is laid on anyone with you in the house, his blood will be on our heads. And if you report our mission, we will be released from the oath you made us swear.” “Let it be as you say,” she replied, and she sent them away. And when they had gone, she tied the scarlet cord in the window. So the spies went out into the hill country and stayed there three days, until their pursuers had returned without finding them, having searched all along the road. Then the two men started back, came down from the hill country, and crossed the river. So they came to Joshua son of Nun and reported all that had happened to them. “The LORD has surely delivered the entire land into our hands,” they said to Joshua. “Indeed, all who dwell in the land are melting in fear of us.”

2 Samuel 17:19 Summary

In 2 Samuel 17:19, the man's wife quickly thinks of a way to hide Ahimaaz and Jonathan from Absalom's servants by covering the well with a cloth and scattering grain over it. This act of deception was necessary to protect their lives, and it shows us the importance of being prepared and trusting in God's sovereignty (Proverbs 3:5-6). Just like the man's wife, we can demonstrate hospitality and protection to those in need, and trust that God will guide us in our actions (Psalm 37:3-7). By looking at this verse, we can learn to be resourceful and clever in our own lives, while still putting our faith in God's plan.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why did the man's wife cover the well in 2 Samuel 17:19?

The man's wife covered the well to conceal Ahimaaz and Jonathan, who were hiding from Absalom's servants, as seen in 2 Samuel 17:18-20. This act of deception was necessary to protect their lives, similar to the protection of the spies in Joshua 2:4-7.

What is the significance of scattering grain over the well?

Scattering grain over the well was a clever disguise, making it appear as if the well was being used for its normal purpose, thereby avoiding suspicion, much like the cleverness of the woman in 1 Samuel 19:13-17 who helped David escape.

How does this verse demonstrate the theme of protection in the Bible?

This verse illustrates the theme of protection, as the man's wife takes action to safeguard Ahimaaz and Jonathan, similar to how God protects His people, as seen in Psalm 91:4, where He covers them with His pinions.

What can we learn from the man's wife's quick thinking in this situation?

The man's wife's quick thinking and resourcefulness in 2 Samuel 17:19 demonstrate the importance of being prepared and trusting in God's sovereignty, as encouraged in Proverbs 3:5-6 and Jeremiah 29:11.

Reflection Questions

  1. What are some ways I can demonstrate hospitality and protection to those in need, just like the man's wife in this verse?
  2. How can I apply the principle of cleverness and resourcefulness in my own life, while still trusting in God's sovereignty?
  3. What are some situations in my life where I need to trust in God's protection, and how can I have faith like the man's wife in this verse?
  4. In what ways can I be a 'covering' or a source of protection for my loved ones, just like the man's wife covered the well to protect Ahimaaz and Jonathan?

Gill's Exposition on 2 Samuel 17:19

And the woman took and spread a covering over the well's mouth,.... This woman, very probably, was the man's wife of the house, as Abarbinel notes; who took a cloth, and spread it over the well's

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 2 Samuel 17:19

And the woman took and spread a covering over the well's mouth, and spread ground corn thereon; and the thing was not known. The woman ... spread a covering over the well's mouth [ hamaacaak (H4539)] - the covering.

Matthew Poole's Commentary on 2 Samuel 17:19

Spread ground corn thereon, under pretence of drying it by the sun; which shows it was summer time.

Trapp's Commentary on 2 Samuel 17:19

2 Samuel 17:19 And the woman took and spread a covering over the well’ s mouth, and spread ground corn thereon; and the thing was not known.Ver. 19. And spread ground corn thereon.] Grana tusa et commolita; meal grist, under pretence it needed drying, being moist; or airing, being musty.

Ellicott's Commentary on 2 Samuel 17:19

(19) Ground Corn.—This word occurs elsewhere only in Proverbs 27:22, and means wheat or barley beaten or ground so as to remove the hull; in this condition it was spread out to dry.

Cambridge Bible on 2 Samuel 17:19

19. a covering] The covering, either the usual cover of the cistern, or, as the general use of the word suggests, the curtain which hung in the doorway. See Exodus 26:36 (E. V. hanging). ground corn] Bruised or husked wheat, which she spread out as if to dry. The mode of its preparation is referred to in Proverbs 27:22, the only other passage in which the word occurs.

Barnes' Notes on 2 Samuel 17:19

A covering - Hebrew “the covering,” perhaps “the hanging” or “awning” at the door of the house, as the word seems to mean when spoken of the tabernacle.

Sermons on 2 Samuel 17:19

SermonDescription
J. Vernon McGee (Exodus) Exodus 1:17-22 by J. Vernon McGee In this sermon, the preacher discusses the birth of Moses and how God raised him up to deliver the children of Israel from Egyptian bondage. The preacher emphasizes that the book o

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