1 Chronicles 11:33 — Word Study
WLCעַזְמָ֙וֶת֙ הַבַּ֣חֲרוּמִ֔י אֶלְיַחְבָּ֖א הַשַּׁעַלְבֹנִֽי׃ ס
BSAAzmavethʻAzmâveth [strong unto death, from Bahurim town] the BaharumiteBachărûwmîy△ [from Bahurim, meaning 'choice youths'] EliahbaʼElyachbâʼ [God hides, brave warrior] the ShaalboniteShaʻalbônîy [inhabitant of Shaalbin, a place in Israel]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| עַזְמָ֙וֶת֙ | Azmaveth | Noun proper masculine |
| הַבַּ֣חֲרוּמִ֔י | the Baharumite | Particle, noun gentilic masculine singular absolute |
| אֶלְיַחְבָּ֖א | Eliahba | Noun proper masculine |
| הַשַּׁעַלְבֹנִֽי׃ ס | the Shaalbonite | Particle, noun gentilic masculine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Azmaveth the Baharumite, Eliahba the Shaalbonite, |
| KJV | Azmaveth the Baharumite, Eliahba the Shaalbonite, |
| ASV | Azmaveth the Baharumite, Eliahba the Shaalbonite, |
| YLT | Azmaveth the Baharumite, Eliahba the Shaalbonite, |
| WEB | Azmaveth the Baharumite, Eliahba the Shaalbonite, |
| BBE | Azmaveth of Bahurim, Eliahba the Shaalbonite, |
Where they part company is in transliteration and minor stylistic choices, but the names remain consistent across translations.
The verse lists names in a simple, direct manner, emphasizing the individuals rather than actions.
3 commentators on this verse
Jamieson, Ellicott, Cambridge & more — read them ›
clause
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
1 of 4 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 1 Chronicles 11:33
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — David's Mighty Warriorsgenerated
1 Chronicles 11:33 is part of a list that honors the mighty men who served King David, showcasing their bravery and loyalty. This passage emphasizes the significance of these warriors in the history of Israel, as they were instrumental in David's reign and military successes.
Cross References
The Key Word — עַזְמָוֶת, 'az.Ma.vetgenerated
The name עַזְמָוֶת (Azmaveth) means 'strong unto death' and indicates a person of great strength and endurance. It is a proper noun, specifically a name given to individuals, and it appears multiple times in the Old Testament, often associated with notable figures.
This name is built from roots that convey strength and mortality, highlighting the valor of those who bear it. In the context of David's warriors, it signifies not just physical power but also a commitment to loyalty and bravery in battle.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, which uses the names as they appear in the original Hebrew.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The structure of this verse is straightforward, listing names in a series. Each name is a noun phrase that identifies a warrior and their origin, creating a rhythm that emphasizes the collective strength of David's men.
The finite verb is absent in this list format, which is typical in Hebrew for cataloging names and titles, allowing the focus to remain on the individuals rather than on actions.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates עַזְמָוֶת as αζμωθ, maintaining the name's phonetic structure. This choice shows a direct correspondence to the Hebrew, preserving the identity of the warrior.
The other names are similarly transliterated, indicating the translators' intent to keep the original names intact for their Greek-speaking audience.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
1 Chronicles 11:33 lists Azmaveth the Baharumite and Eliahba the Shaalbonite as two of David's mighty men. Their names reflect their strength and origins, showing the diverse backgrounds of those who served King David.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Azmaveth was one of David's mighty warriors, known for his strength and endurance, as indicated by his name.
Baharumite refers to someone from Bahurim, meaning 'choice youths', highlighting the valor of those from this location.
Eliahba means 'God hides', suggesting a divine protection over him as a brave warrior in David's army.
Being a Shaalbonite means being an inhabitant of Shaalbin, a place associated with foxes, and signifies the warrior's origin.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What qualities do you think made these men valuable to David?
- How can the names and backgrounds of these warriors inspire us today?
- What does it mean to you to be 'strong unto death' in your own life?
- How do the diverse backgrounds of David's warriors reflect the strength of unity in purpose?
Commentators on this verse — 3 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 1 Chronicles 11:33 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryIthai the son of Ribai of Gibeah, that pertained to the children of Benjamin, Benaiah the Pirathonite, No JFB commentary on these verses.
Read Robert Jamieson on 1 Chronicles 11 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(33) Baharumite—of Bahurim, the town of Shimei (2 Samuel 16:5; 2 Samuel 3:16), in Benjamin. Samuel has the transposed form, “Barhumite.” Eliahba—God hideth.Shaalbonite—of Shaalbim (Judges i 35; Joshua 19:42), a Danite town near Ajalon.
Read Charles John Ellicott on 1 Chronicles 11 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges33. Baharumite] In 2 Samuel 23:31 “Barhumite.” We should read in both places, Bahurimite, i.e. “inhabitant of Bahurim,” a town of Benjamin (2 Samuel 3:16). Shaalbonite] i.e. “inhabitant of Shaalbim” (Judges 1:35), or “Shaalabbin” (Joshua 19:42), a town in Dan.
Read Cambridge on 1 Chronicles 11 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Azmaveth the Baharumite, Eliahba the Shaalbonite,
Azmaveth the Baharumite, Eliahba the Shaalbonite,
Azmaveth the Baharumite, Eliahba the Shaalbonite,
Azmaveth the Baharumite, Eliahba the Shaalbonite,
Tyndale line
Azmaveth the Baharumite, Eliahba the Shaalbonite,
Azmaveth the Baharumite, Eliahba the Shaalbonite,
Azmaveth the Baharumite, Eliahba the Shaalbonite;
Azmaveth the Baharumite, Eliahba the Shaalbonite,
Azmaueth the Baharumite, Elihaba the Shaalbonite,
Strictly literal
Azmaveth the Baharumite, Eliahba the Shaalbonite,
Azmaveth the Baharumite, Eliahba the Shaalbonite,
Azmaveth the Baharumite, Eliahba the Shaalbonite,
'Azmaveth the Bacharumite, Elyachba the Sha'albonite,
Azmaveth the Baharumite, Eliahba the Shaalbonite,
From the Latin
The sons of Assem a, Gezonite, Jonathan the son of Sage an Ararite,
Simplified
Azmaveth the Baharumite; Eliahba the Shaalbonite;
Azmaveth of Bahurim, Eliahba the Shaalbonite,
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree on the names listed in this verse, with both sources providing a consistent representation of David's warriors. The Septuagint's word order and articles differ, but the names themselves are matched.
עַזְמָ֙וֶת֙ הַבַּ֣חֲרוּמִ֔י אֶלְיַחְבָּ֖א הַשַּׁעַלְבֹנִֽי׃ ס
4 of the 4 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 1 Chronicles 11:33
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
עַזְמָ֫וֶת (Azmaveth) means "strong unto death" and refers to a name associated with several individuals and a place in Benjamin. It includes a mighty warrior of David, a descendant of Mephibosheth, and an overseer of royal treasures. The word is built from roots meaning strength and death, and it appears in various contexts in the Old Testament, particularly in relation to David's reign.
עַזְמָ֫וֶת n.pr.m.
one of David’s heroes
father of two of David’s men
officer of David
Benjamite name
base
H5820 עַזְמָ֫וֶת
5820 `Azmaveth az-maw'-veth
from 5794 and 4194; strong one of death; Azmaveth, the name
of three Israelites and of a place in Palestine:--Azmaveth.
See also 1041.
see HEBREW for 05794
see HEBREW for 04194
see HEBREW for 01041
עַזְמָ֫וֶת (az.ma.vet) — Azmaveth.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.23.31
§ Azmaveth = "strong unto death"
1) one of David's mighty warriors
2) a descendant of Mephibosheth, the son of Jonathan and grandson of king Saul
3) a Benjamite, father of Jeziel and Pelet who were two of David's men who joined him at Ziklag
4) overseer of the royal treasures in the reign of David
5) a place in Benjamin; also 'Beth-azmeveth'
עַזְמָ֫וֶת (az.ma.vet) — Azmaveth.
A man of the tribe of Benjamin living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.8.36;
son of: Jehoaddah (H3085);
brother of: Alemeth (H5964I) and Zimri (H2174H)
§ Azmaveth = "strong unto death"
1) one of David's mighty warriors
2) a descendant of Mephibosheth, the son of Jonathan and grandson of king Saul
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
Azmaveth
Strong as death. (1.) One of David’s thirty warriors (2 Sam. 23:31).
(2.) An overseer over the royal treasury in the time of David and Solomon (1 Chr. 27:25).
(3.) A town in the tribe of Judah, near Jerusalem (Neh. 12:29; Ezra 2:24).
(4.) 1 Chr. 8:36
a place to all appearance in Benjamin, being named with other towns belonging to that tribe. (Ezra 2:24) The name elsewhere occurs as BETH-AZMAVETH.
strong death; a he-goat
בַּחֲרוּמִי (Bacharuwmiy) refers to an inhabitant or descendant of Bahurim, a location mentioned in the Old Testament. The term is derived from the root meaning 'choice youths' and is classified as a gentilic adjective. The entries consistently identify it as relating to the group of Bahurim (H0980), with no significant disagreement noted among the lexicons.
בַּחֲרוּמִי adj.gent. Baharumite
base
H978 בַּחֲרוּמִי
978 Bacharuwmiy bakh-ar-oo-mee'
patrial from 980 (by transposition); a Bacharumite or
inhabitant of Bachurim:--Baharumite.
see HEBREW for 0980
בַּחֲרוּמִי (ba.cha.ru.mi) — Baharumite.
Group of ba.chu.rim (בַּחֻרִים "Bahurim" H0980)
§ Baharumite = "choice youths"
an inhabitant or descendant of Bahurim
Art | Ngmsa — Particle · noun gentilic masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ngmsa
אֶלְיַחְבָּא (el-yakh-baw') refers to Eliahba, a man noted as one of David's mighty warriors during the United Monarchy. The name means 'God will hide' and is derived from the roots for God (H410) and hiding (H2244). This name appears in 2 Samuel 23:32.
אֶלְיַחְבָּא n.pr.m. (God hides) one of David’s chiefs
base
H455 אֶלְיַחְבָּא
455 'Elyachba' el-yakh-baw'
from 410 and 2244; God will hide; Eljachba, an
Israelite:--Eliahbah.
see HEBREW for 0410
see HEBREW for 02244
אֶלְיַחְבָּא (el.yach.ba) — Eliahba.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.23.32
§ Eliahba = "God hides"
one of David's mighty warriors
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
(whom God hides), on of the thirty of David’s guard. (2 Samuel 23:32; 1 Chronicles 11:33) (B.C. 1046.)
my God the Father
The Hebrew word שַׁעְלְבֹנִי (*sha'alboniy*) means 'Shaalbonite,' referring to an inhabitant of Shaalbin, a place associated with foxes. It is derived from the root word שַׁעַלְבִים (*sha'alvim*), which is linked to the location Shaalbim. The entries consistently identify this term as a gentilic adjective.
שַׁעַלְבֹנִי adj.gent.
base
H8170 שַׁעַלְבֹנִי
8170 Sha`alboniy shah-al-bo-nee'
patrial from 8169; a Shaalbonite or inhabitant of
Shaalbin:--Shaalbonite.
see HEBREW for 08169
שַׁעַלְבֹנִי (sha.al.vo.ni) — Shaalbonite.
Group of sha.al.vim (שַׁעַלְבִים "Shaalbim" H8169)
§ Shaalbonite, of Shaalbim "place of foxes"
an inhabitant of Shaalbim or Shaalabbin
Art | Ngmsa — Particle · noun gentilic masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ngmsa
sha-al-bo'-nit, sha-al'-bo-nit (ha-sha`alboni; ho Salaboneites (2Sa 23:32) Codex Vaticanus ho Homei; Codex Alexandrinus ho Salaboni): Eliahba, one of David's heroes, a native of Shaalbon.
See SHAALBIM.
a fox's building