1 Chronicles 2:51 — Word Study
WLCשַׂלְמָא֙ אֲבִ֣י בֵֽית־ לָ֔חֶם חָרֵ֖ף אֲבִ֥י בֵית־ גָּדֵֽר׃
BSASalmaSalmâʼ [the father of Boaz, ancestor of King David] the father ofʼâb [or ancestor, progenitor] BethlehemBêyth Lechem [house of bread, a place of abundance] and HarephChârêph△ [an Israelite from Judah] the fatherʼâb [or founder] of Beth-gaderBêyth-Gâdêr [house of the wall, a fortified city]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| שַׂלְמָא֙ | Salma | Noun proper masculine |
| אֲבִ֣י | [the] father of | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| בֵֽית־ | Beth- | Noun proper |
| לָ֔חֶם | -lehem | Noun proper |
| חָרֵ֖ף | Hareph | Noun proper masculine |
| אֲבִ֥י | [the] father of | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| בֵית־ | Beth- | Noun proper |
| גָּדֵֽר׃ | Gader | Noun proper |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Salma the father of Bethlehem, and Hareph the father of Beth-gader. |
| KJV | Salma the father of Beth-lehem, Hareph the father of Beth-gader. |
| ASV | Salma the father of Beth-lehem, Hareph the father of Beth-gader. |
| YLT | Salma father of Beth-Lehem, Hareph father of Beth-Gader. |
| WEB | Salma the father of Bethlehem, and Hareph the father of Beth Gader. |
| BBE | Salma, the father of Beth-lehem, Hareph, the father of Beth-gader. |
Where they part company is in the details of the names and their meanings, but the essential relationships remain consistent.
The sentence structure is simple, presenting two main figures and their relationships clearly.
4 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Ellicott & more — read them ›
clause
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
1 of 8 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 1 Chronicles 2:51
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Genealogy of Judahgenerated
1 Chronicles 2:51 is part of a genealogical record that traces the lineage of Judah, specifically focusing on the descendants of Caleb. This verse identifies Salma as the father of Bethlehem, a significant location in biblical history, and Hareph as the father of Beth-gader, indicating their importance in the lineage of the tribe of Judah.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 Chronicles 4:4 | Penuel was the father of Gedor, and Ezer was the father of Hushah. These were the descendants of Hur, the firstborn of Ephrathah and the father of Bethlehem. |
| 2 | Genesis 35:19 | So Rachel died and was buried on the way to Ephrath (that is, Bethlehem). |
| 3 | Ruth 1:19 | So Naomi and Ruth traveled until they came to Bethlehem. When they entered Bethlehem, the whole city was stirred because of them, and the women of the city exclaimed, “Can this be Naomi?” |
| 4 | Ruth 2:4 | Just then Boaz arrived from Bethlehem and said to the harvesters, “The LORD be with you.” “The LORD bless you,” they replied. |
| 5 | Ruth 4:11 | “We are witnesses,” said the elders and all the people at the gate. “May the LORD make the woman entering your home like Rachel and Leah, who together built up the house of Israel. May you be prosperous in Ephrathah and famous in Bethlehem. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 7 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — שַׂלְמָא, sal.Ma'generated
The name שַׂלְמָא (Salma) refers to an individual from the tribe of Judah, specifically the father of Boaz, who is an ancestor of King David. The name likely means 'garment' in Hebrew, and Salma is mentioned in genealogies to highlight his role in the lineage leading to David.
Salma's significance is underscored by his connection to Bethlehem, which later becomes known as the birthplace of Jesus. The use of שַׂלְמָא in this context emphasizes the importance of familial lineage in biblical narratives.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb is implied in the genealogical context, with the structure presenting two noun phrases: שַׂלְמָא and חָרֵף, both identified as fathers of significant locations. The sentence structure is straightforward, typical of genealogical lists, presenting relationships clearly.
Hebrew genealogies often follow a pattern of stating the individual followed by their relationship, which is evident here with both Salma and Hareph introduced as fathers.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates שַׂלְמָא as σαλωμων, maintaining the connection to the original Hebrew name. This choice reflects a direct transliteration rather than a semantic shift, preserving the identity of Salma.
For חָרֵף, the Septuagint uses αριμ, which may indicate a different interpretation or understanding of the name in the Greek context, potentially narrowing its meaning.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
1 Chronicles 2:51 identifies Salma as the father of Bethlehem and Hareph as the father of Beth-gader. This verse is part of a genealogy of Judah, showing the lineage that connects to significant biblical figures.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Salma was an Israelite from the tribe of Judah, known as the father of Boaz, who married Ruth and became the grandfather of King David.
Bethlehem, meaning 'house of bread', is significant as the birthplace of David and later Jesus, making it a key location in biblical history.
Hareph is mentioned as an Israelite from Judah, and while the exact meaning of his name is not detailed, it is associated with notable figures in the lineage.
Genealogies establish the lineage of important biblical figures, showing how they connect to God's promises and the fulfillment of His plans.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- How does understanding the genealogies in the Bible help us appreciate the significance of Jesus' lineage?
- What role do locations like Bethlehem and Beth-gader play in the broader narrative of the Bible?
- In what ways can we see God's hand in the lineage of important figures like Salma and Hareph?
- How can we apply the importance of family and lineage in our own lives and communities?
Commentators on this verse — 4 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 1 Chronicles 2:51 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleSalma the father of Bethlehem,.... Or prince of Bethlehem, as the Targum; not the same as in 1 Chronicles 2:11 he was the son of Nahshon, this of the younger Caleb: Hareph, the father of Bethgader;
Read John Gill on 1 Chronicles 2 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentarySalma the father of Bethlehem, Hareph the father of Bethgader. Salma - or Salmon (Rth 4:20-21), son of Nahshon, prince of the children of Judah, and founder or chief man of Beth-lehem.
Read Robert Jamieson on 1 Chronicles 2 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleSalma the father of Beth-lehem, to wit, in part; for Boaz descended from another Salmon, who was the son of Nahshon, . Hareph the father of Beth-gader, called also Penuel the father of Gedor, .
Read Matthew Poole on 1 Chronicles 2 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(42-55) These verses revert to the Calebite stocks. Interpreted as merely bearing upon the extraction of individuals about whom, for the most part, nothing whatever is known beyond what these brief notices reveal, the section presents great difficulties. The key to it appears to be the assumption that it is an ancient record of the relations between certain great branches of the tribe of Judah, and their various settlements; in other words, these lists are tribal and topographical, rather than genealogical.
Read Charles John Ellicott on 1 Chronicles 2 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Salma the father of Bethlehem, and Hareph the father of Beth-gader.
Salma the father of Bethlehem, and Hareph the father of Beth Gader.
Salma the father of Bethlehem, and Hareph the father of Beth-gader.
Salma, the father of Bethlehem, Hareph, the father of Beth-Gader.
Tyndale line
Salma the father of Beth-lehem, Hareph the father of Beth-gader.
Salma the father of Beth-lehem, Hareph the father of Beth-gader.
Salma the father of Beth-lehem, Hareph the father of Beth-gader.
Salma the father of Beth-lehem, Hareph the father of Beth-gader.
Salma the father of Beth-lehem, and Hareph the father of Beth-gader.
Strictly literal
Salma the father of Bethlehem, Hareph the father of Beth-gader.
Salma father of Beth-Lehem, Hareph father of Beth-Gader.
Salma father of Beth-Lehem, Hareph father of Beth-Gader.
Salma the father of Beth-lechem, Chareph the father of Beth-gader.
Salma the father of Bethlehem, and Hareph the father of Beth Gader.
From the Latin
Salma the father of Bethlehem, Hariph the father of Bethgader.
Simplified
Salma, the father of Bethlehem, and Hareph, the father of Beth Gader.
Salma, the father of Beth-lehem, Hareph, the father of Beth-gader.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text of 1 Chronicles 2:51 reads: "שַׂלְמָא֙ אֲבִ֣י בֵֽית־ לָ֔חֶם חָרֵ֖ף אֲבִ֥י בֵית־ גָּדֵֽר׃" which translates to "Salma the father of Bethlehem, and Hareph the father of Beth-gader." The Septuagint has a partial agreement with the Masoretic Text, matching 4 of the 8 words, but its word order and articles differ from the Hebrew. The Samaritan Pentateuch and the Dead Sea Scrolls do not provide additional witnesses for this specific verse, so we cannot compare their readings. Overall, the primary difference lies in the Septuagint's unique structure, while the Masoretic Text presents a clear and direct account of the lineage.
שַׂלְמָא֙ אֲבִ֣י בֵֽית־ לָ֔חֶם חָרֵ֖ף אֲבִ֥י בֵית־ גָּדֵֽר׃
4 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 1 Chronicles 2:51
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
שַׂלְמוֹן (Salma') refers to a name, likely meaning 'garment.' It identifies two individuals from the tribe of Judah: one is the father of Boaz, linked to Ruth and David, while the other is mentioned in the context of the wilderness period. The name appears in various forms, including 'Salmon' and 'Salmah,' and is first noted in Ruth 4:20 and 1 Chronicles 2:51.
שַׂלְמוֹן n.pr.m. father of Boaz
base
H8007 שַׂלְמוֹן
8007 Salma' sal-maw'
probably for 8008; clothing; Salma, the name of two
Israelites:--Salma.
see HEBREW for 08008
שַׂלְמָא (sal.ma) — Salmon.
A man of the tribe of Judah living before Israel's Monarchy, first mentioned at Rut.4.20;
son of: Nahshon (H5177);
husband of: Rahab (H7343);
father of: Boaz (H1162); also called Sala at Luk.3.32;
§ Salma = "garment"
1) father of Boaz, father-in-law of Ruth, and grandfather of David
1a) also 'Salmon', 'Salmah'
שַׂלְמָא (sal.ma) — Salma.
A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at 1Ch.2.51;
son of: Hur (H2354);
brother of: Uri (H0221), Shobal (H7732H), Hareph (H2780), Jezreel (H3157J), Ishma (H3457), Idbash (H3031), Hazzelelponi (H6753), Penuel (H6439H) and Ezer (H5829)
§ Salma = "garment"
1) father of Boaz, father-in-law of Ruth, and grandfather of David
1a) also 'Salmon', 'Salmah'
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
אָב (av) means 'father' and encompasses various roles such as the literal father of an individual, God as the father of His people, and the head of a household or clan. It can also refer to an ancestor, originator of a profession, or a figure of respect and protection. Notably, it can imply a ruler or chief in later contexts.
אָב 1101 n.m. father
father of individual
of God as father of his people
head of household, family or clan
ancestor
originator or patron of a class, profession, or art
fig. of producer, generator
fig. of benevolence & protection
term of respect & honor
specif., ruler, chief (late)
base
H1 אָב father . father of individual
. of God as father of his people
. head of household, family or clan
. ancestor
. originator or patron of a class, profession, or art
. fig. of producer, generator
. fig. of benevolence & protection
. term of respect & honor
. specif., ruler, chief (late)
1 'ab awb
a primitive word; father, in a literal and immediate, or
figurative and remote application):--chief,
(fore-)father(-less), X patrimony, principal. Compare names
in "Abi-".
אָב (av) — father.
1) father of an individual
2) of God as father of his people
3) head or founder of a household, group, family, or clan
4) ancestor
4a) grandfather, forefathers - of person
4b) of people
5) originator or patron of a class, profession, or art
6) of producer, generator (fig.)
7) of benevolence and protection (fig.)
8) term of respect and honour
9) ruler or chief (spec.)
Also means: av (אַב "father" H0002)
אָב (av) — (Huram)-abi.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ki.7.13; also called Huram-abi (KJV: "Huram my father's") at 2Ch.2.13; 4.16;
Combined with chi.ram (חִירָם "Hiram" H2438H)
אָב (av) — father of.
The father of Gibeon, also known as Abiel - a man of the tribe of Benjamin living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Sa.9.1;
son of: Zeror (H6872C); married to Maacah (H4601N);
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
בֵּית לֶ֫חֶם (Beyth Lechem) means 'house of bread' and refers to two locations in ancient Palestine: one in Judah, known as the birthplace of David, and another in Zebulun, northwest of Nazareth. The word is built from the roots for 'house' and 'bread'.
בֵּית לֶ֫חֶם 41 n.pr.loc.
in Judah, 2 hours south of Jerusalem; birth-place of David
in Zeb., 7 m. NW. of Nazareth
base
H1035 בֵּית לֶ֫חֶם . in Judah, 2 hours south of Jerusalem; birth-place of David
. in Zeb., 7 m. NW. of Nazareth
1035 Beyth Lechem bayth leh'-khem
from 1004 and 3899; house of bread; Beth- Lechem, a place in
Palestine:--Beth-lehem.
see HEBREW for 01004
see HEBREW for 03899
בֵּית לֶ֫חֶם (bet le.chem) — Bethlehem.
§ Beth-lehem = "house of bread (food)"
a city in Judah, birthplace of David
בֵּית לֶ֫חֶם (bet le.chem) — Bethlehem.
§ Beth-lehem = "house of bread (food)"
a place in Zebulun
N-proper — Noun properHNpl
Beth
Occurs frequently as the appellation for a house, or dwelling-place, in such compounds as the words immediately following:
the most general word for a house or habitation. It has the special meaning of a temple or house of worship Beth is more frequently employed in compound names of places than any other word.
House, forms a part of many compounds names of places, and sometimes means the place or dwelling; and at others the temple. This word becomes Beit in modern Arabic.
בֵּית לֶ֫חֶם (Beyth Lechem) means 'house of bread' and refers to two locations in ancient Palestine: one in Judah, known as the birthplace of David, and another in Zebulun, northwest of Nazareth. The word is built from the roots for 'house' and 'bread'.
בֵּית לֶ֫חֶם 41 n.pr.loc.
in Judah, 2 hours south of Jerusalem; birth-place of David
in Zeb., 7 m. NW. of Nazareth
base
H1035 בֵּית לֶ֫חֶם . in Judah, 2 hours south of Jerusalem; birth-place of David
. in Zeb., 7 m. NW. of Nazareth
1035 Beyth Lechem bayth leh'-khem
from 1004 and 3899; house of bread; Beth- Lechem, a place in
Palestine:--Beth-lehem.
see HEBREW for 01004
see HEBREW for 03899
בֵּית לֶ֫חֶם (bet le.chem) — Bethlehem.
§ Beth-lehem = "house of bread (food)"
a city in Judah, birthplace of David
בֵּית לֶ֫חֶם (bet le.chem) — Bethlehem.
§ Beth-lehem = "house of bread (food)"
a place in Zebulun
HNpl — Noun properHNpl
חָרֵף (Chareph) refers to a man from the tribe of Judah, mentioned in 1 Chronicles 2:51. The name is associated with the meaning 'a plucking off' and is linked to a lineage that includes notable figures such as Hur and Caleb. The word is derived from another root, but the entries do not provide further details on its broader usage.
חָרֵף n.pr.m. a chief of the line of Judah 1 Ch 2:51.
ref
H2780 חָרֵף
2780 Chareph khaw-rafe'
from 2778; reproachful; Chareph, an Israelite:--Hareph.
see HEBREW for 02778
חָרֵף (cha.reph) — Hareph.
A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, only mentioned at 1Ch.2.51;
son of: Hur (H2354);
brother of: Uri (H0221), Shobal (H7732H), Salma (H8007H), Jezreel (H3157J), Ishma (H3457), Idbash (H3031), Hazzelelponi (H6753), Penuel (H6439H) and Ezer (H5829)
§ Hareph = "a plucking off"
a son of Caleb and father of Bethgader
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
(a plucking off), a name occurring in the genealogies of Judah as a son of Caleb and as "father of Bethgader." (1 Chronicles 2:51) only.
winter; reproach
→ Son of Caleb 1Ch 2:51
אָב (av) means 'father' and encompasses various roles such as the literal father of an individual, God as the father of His people, and the head of a household or clan. It can also refer to an ancestor, originator of a profession, or a figure of respect and protection. Notably, it can imply a ruler or chief in later contexts.
אָב 1101 n.m. father
father of individual
of God as father of his people
head of household, family or clan
ancestor
originator or patron of a class, profession, or art
fig. of producer, generator
fig. of benevolence & protection
term of respect & honor
specif., ruler, chief (late)
base
H1 אָב father . father of individual
. of God as father of his people
. head of household, family or clan
. ancestor
. originator or patron of a class, profession, or art
. fig. of producer, generator
. fig. of benevolence & protection
. term of respect & honor
. specif., ruler, chief (late)
1 'ab awb
a primitive word; father, in a literal and immediate, or
figurative and remote application):--chief,
(fore-)father(-less), X patrimony, principal. Compare names
in "Abi-".
אָב (av) — father.
1) father of an individual
2) of God as father of his people
3) head or founder of a household, group, family, or clan
4) ancestor
4a) grandfather, forefathers - of person
4b) of people
5) originator or patron of a class, profession, or art
6) of producer, generator (fig.)
7) of benevolence and protection (fig.)
8) term of respect and honour
9) ruler or chief (spec.)
Also means: av (אַב "father" H0002)
אָב (av) — (Huram)-abi.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ki.7.13; also called Huram-abi (KJV: "Huram my father's") at 2Ch.2.13; 4.16;
Combined with chi.ram (חִירָם "Hiram" H2438H)
אָב (av) — father of.
The father of Gibeon, also known as Abiel - a man of the tribe of Benjamin living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Sa.9.1;
son of: Zeror (H6872C); married to Maacah (H4601N);
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
בֵּית גָּדֵר n.pr.loc. in Judah (place of a wall) 1 Ch 2:51
base
H1013 בֵּית גָּדֵר
1013 Beyth-Gader bayth-gaw-dare'
from 1004 and 1447; house of (the) wall; Beth-Gader, a place
in Palestine:--Beth-gader.
see HEBREW for 01004
see HEBREW for 01447
בֵּית־גָּדֵר (bet-ga.der) — Beth-gader.
§ Beth-gader = "house of the wall"
a place in Judah
N-proper — Noun properHNpl
Beth
Occurs frequently as the appellation for a house, or dwelling-place, in such compounds as the words immediately following:
the most general word for a house or habitation. It has the special meaning of a temple or house of worship Beth is more frequently employed in compound names of places than any other word.
House, forms a part of many compounds names of places, and sometimes means the place or dwelling; and at others the temple. This word becomes Beit in modern Arabic.
בֵּית גָּדֵר n.pr.loc. in Judah (place of a wall) 1 Ch 2:51
base
H1013 בֵּית גָּדֵר
1013 Beyth-Gader bayth-gaw-dare'
from 1004 and 1447; house of (the) wall; Beth-Gader, a place
in Palestine:--Beth-gader.
see HEBREW for 01004
see HEBREW for 01447
בֵּית־גָּדֵר (bet-ga.der) — Beth-gader.
§ Beth-gader = "house of the wall"
a place in Judah
HNpl — Noun properHNpl