Ezekiel 36:19 — Word Study
WLCוָאָפִ֤יץ אֹתָם֙ בַּגּוֹיִ֔ם וַיִּזָּר֖וּ בָּאֲרָצ֑וֹת כְּדַרְכָּ֥ם וְכַעֲלִילוֹתָ֖ם שְׁפַטְתִּֽים׃
BSAI dispersedpûwts▸ themʼêth [scattered, sent in flight] among the nationsgôwy [Gentiles, heathen] and they were scatteredzârâh▸ [dispersed, spread] throughout the landsʼerets [countries, territories] I judged themshâphaṭ■ [vindicated, punished] according to their waysderek [path, manner of life] and deedsʻălîylâh [actions, wantonness]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וָאָפִ֤יץ | and I scattered | Verb, Hiphil, sequential imperfect first person common singular |
| אֹתָם֙ | the object marker them | Particle, suffix |
| בַּגּוֹיִ֔ם | among the nations | Preposition, noun common masculine plural absolute |
| וַיִּזָּר֖וּ | and they were dispersed | Verb, Niphal, sequential imperfect third person masculine plural |
| בָּאֲרָצ֑וֹת | among the lands | Preposition, noun common feminine plural absolute |
| כְּדַרְכָּ֥ם | according to conduct their | Preposition, noun common both singular construct, suffix |
| וְכַעֲלִילוֹתָ֖ם | and according to practices their | Conjunction, preposition, noun common feminine plural construct |
| שְׁפַטְתִּֽים׃ | I judged them | Verb qal perfect first person common singular, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | I dispersed them among the nations, and they were scattered throughout the lands. I judged them according to their ways and deeds. |
| KJV | And I scattered them among the heathen, and they were dispersed through the countries: according to their way and according to their doings I judged them. |
| ASV | and I scattered them among the nations, and they were dispersed through the countries: according to their way and according to their doings I judged them. |
| YLT | And I scatter them among nations, And they are spread through lands, According to their way, and according to their doings, I have judged them. |
| WEB | I scattered them among the nations, and they were dispersed through the countries. I judged them according to their way and according to their deeds. |
| BBE | And I sent them in flight among the nations and wandering through the countries: I was their judge, rewarding them for their way and their acts. |
Where they part company is וַיִּזָּר֖וּ — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence consists of a main clause followed by several subordinate phrases that provide detail about the scattering and judgment.





6 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbפּוּץ
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Ezekiel 36:19
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — God's Judgment on Israelgenerated
Ezekiel 36:19 describes how God scattered the people of Israel among the nations as a consequence of their sins. This scattering serves as a judgment for their actions, reflecting God's response to their unfaithfulness. The surrounding verses provide context, illustrating the severity of their transgressions and God's concern for His holy name, which was profaned among the nations.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ezekiel 5:12 | A third of your people will die by plague or be consumed by famine within you, a third will fall by the sword outside your walls, and a third I will scatter to every wind and unleash a sword behind them. |
| 2 | Ezekiel 22:15 | I will disperse you among the nations and scatter you throughout the lands; I will purge your uncleanness. |
| 3 | Leviticus 26:38 | You will perish among the nations, and the land of your enemies will consume you. |
| 4 | Deuteronomy 28:64 | Then the LORD will scatter you among all the nations, from one end of the earth to the other, and there you will worship other gods, gods of wood and stone, which neither you nor your fathers have known. |
| 5 | Amos 9:9 | “For surely I will give the command, and I will shake the house of Israel among all the nations as grain is sifted in a sieve; but not a pebble will reach the ground. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 11 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — פּוּץ, va.'a.Fitzgenerated
The verb פּוּץ (puwts) means to scatter or disperse, indicating a forceful action of breaking apart. In this context, it conveys the idea of God actively sending His people away due to their unfaithfulness.
This verb appears in the Hiphil form, suggesting causation. God is not merely describing the people's situation; He is the one who causes them to be scattered among the nations, emphasizing His role in their judgment.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb is וָאָפִ֤יץ, and I scattered, which governs the entire verse. It is followed by a direct object and several prepositional phrases that elaborate on the action and its consequences.
The structure emphasizes God's active role in the scattering, with the phrases detailing the locations (among the nations and throughout the lands) and the criteria for judgment (according to their ways and deeds).
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates פּוּץ as διέσπειρα (dieseira), which also means to scatter. This choice aligns closely with the Hebrew meaning but may suggest a broader interpretation of the action.
The use of the Greek term indicates a continuity in the understanding of God's judgment across cultures, as both the Hebrew and Greek texts convey the seriousness of the scattering.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Ezekiel 36:19 shows how God scattered the people of Israel among the nations because of their actions. He judged them based on their conduct and deeds, highlighting the consequences of their unfaithfulness.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
God scattered Israel as a judgment for their unfaithfulness and the bloodshed they had caused in the land, as indicated in the verses surrounding this passage.
Being judged according to their ways and deeds means that God evaluated the people's actions and lifestyles, holding them accountable for their choices and behaviors.
This verse reflects God's justice and holiness, demonstrating that He takes sin seriously and responds to it with appropriate judgment.
Israel's scattering serves as a warning about the consequences of turning away from God and highlights the importance of faithfulness and obedience.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways do I see the consequences of my actions in my life?
- How can I ensure that my conduct aligns with God's expectations?
- What steps can I take to remain faithful to God in my daily life?
- How does understanding God's judgment help me grow in my relationship with Him?
Commentators on this verse — 6 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Ezekiel 36:19 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd I scattered them among the Heathen,.... First by the Chaldeans, in the various provinces of Babylon; and next by the Romans, in the various parts of the world; and in this condition they now are:
Read John Gill on Ezekiel 36 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryWherefore I poured my fury upon them for the blood that they had shed upon the land, and for their idols wherewith they had polluted it: Wherefore I poured my fury upon them for the blood that they
Read Robert Jamieson on Ezekiel 36 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleMy hand scattered them, and what hand can retain the inhabitants that God will fling out? They were driven away, as chaff before the wind. As their ways and doings provoked me, and deserved what I brought on them, so I judged them, and punished them with desolation.
Read Matthew Poole on Ezekiel 36 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsEzekiel 36:19 And I scattered them among the heathen, and they were dispersed through the countries: according to their way and according to their doings I judged them.Ver. 19. And I scattered them among the heathen.] Whose idols they had worshipped, and whose manners they had imitated.
Read John Trapp on Ezekiel 36 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges19. The consequences of Jehovah’s wrath—the people were scattered by him among all the nations, Ezekiel 7:3, Ezekiel 18:30.
Read Cambridge on Ezekiel 36 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible16-24. Before the captivity, Israel, because of its bloody deeds and idolatry (Ezekiel 36:18), was as unclean as a woman “in her separation” (Ezekiel 36:17, R.V.), and for this reason was separated
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Ezekiel 36 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
I dispersed them among the nations, and they were scattered throughout the lands. I judged them according to their ways and deeds.
I scattered them among the nations, and they were dispersed through the countries. I judged them according to their way and according to their deeds.
I dispersed them among the nations, and they were scattered throughout the lands. I judged them according to their ways and deeds.
I scattered them among the nations; they were dispersed throughout foreign countries. In accordance with their behavior and their deeds I judged them.
Tyndale line
And I scattered them among the heathen, and they were dispersed through the countries: according to their way and according to their doings I judged them.
and I scattered them among the nations, and they were dispersed through the countries: according to their way and according to their doings I judged them.
and I scattered them among the nations, and they were dispersed through the countries: according to their way and according to their doings I judged them.
And I scattered them among the heathen, and they were dispersed through the countries: according to their way and according to their doings I judged them.
And I scattered them among the heathen, and they were dispersed through the countries for according to their wayes, and according to their deedes, I iudged them.
Strictly literal
And I scattered them among the nations, and they were dispersed through the countries: according to their way and according to their doings I judged them.
And I scatter them among nations, And they are spread through lands, According to their way, and according to their doings, I have judged them.
And I scatter them among nations, || And they are spread through lands, || According to their way, and according to their doings, || I have judged them.
And I scattered them among the nations, and they were dispersed through the countries: according to their way and according to their doings did I judge them.
I scattered them among the nations; they were dispersed through the lands. I judged them according to their ways and their deeds.
From the Latin
And I scattered them among the nations, and they are dispersed through the countries: I have judged them according to their ways, and their devices.
Simplified
I scattered them among the different nations and countries. I judged them according to the way they had behaved and what they did.
And I sent them in flight among the nations and wandering through the countries: I was their judge, rewarding them for their way and their acts.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint show significant agreement in the wording of this verse, with seven out of eight words matched. The Dead Sea Scrolls reflect a similar message, although some words were restored by an editor, indicating partial preservation of the text.
וָאָפִ֤יץ אֹתָם֙ בַּגּוֹיִ֔ם וַיִּזָּר֖וּ בָּאֲרָצ֑וֹת כְּדַרְכָּ֥ם וְכַעֲלִילוֹתָ֖ם שְׁפַטְתִּֽים׃
7 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
ואפיץ [את׳ם] בגוים [ויזרו] [בארצות] [כדרכ׳ם] וכעלילות׳ם [שפטתי׳ם]
2 words on the leather — 1 partly restored, 5 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Ezekiel 36:19
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word פּוּץ (puwts) primarily means to scatter or disperse, applicable to both people and armies. It can also convey the idea of flowing or overflowing. The noun form מֵפִיץ (mephits) refers to a scatterer. Additionally, it has connotations of breaking or shattering, as seen in related forms.
[פּוּץ] vb. be dispersed, scattered
Qal be dispersed, disperse; be scattered, of enemies
Niph.
be scattered, of army
be spread abroad, of peoples
Hiph.
trans. scatter
intrans. scatter
base
מֵפִיץ n.m. scatterer, disperser
base
פּוּץ vb. flow, overflow
base
[פָּצַץ] vb. break (Ar. break, break asunder; Nab. break asunder; Syr. crush)
Pō‛. a hammer which shatters rock.
Pilp. he [God] dashed me in pieces (fig.).
base
H6327a פּוּץ be dispersed, scattered .be dispersed, disperse; be scattered, of enemies
. . be scattered, of army
. be spread abroad, of peoples
. . trans. scatter
. intrans. scatter
H6327b מֵפִיץ scatterer, disperser H6327c פּוּץ flow, overflow H6327d [פָּצַץ] break (Ar. break, break asunder; Nab. break asunder; Syr. crush) . a hammer which shatters rock.
. he [God] dashed me in pieces (fig.).
6327 puwts poots
a primitive root; to dash in pieces, literally or
figuratively (especially to disperse):--break (dash, shake)
in (to) pieces, cast (abroad), disperse (selves), drive,
retire, scatter (abroad), spread abroad.
פּוּץ (puts) — to scatter.
1) to scatter, be dispersed, be scattered
1a) (Qal) to be dispersed, be scattered
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be scattered
1b2) to be spread abroad
1c) (Hiphil) to scatter
1d) Hithpael) scatter
מֵפִיץ (me.phits) — scatterer.
n.m.
scatterer
פּוּץ (puts) — to flow.
(Qal) to flow, overflow
פָּצַץ (pa.tsats) — to shatter.
1) to break
1a) (Polel) to shatter
1b) (Pilpel) to dash to pieces
Conj | V-Hiphil-ConsecImperf-1cs — Verb · Hiphil · sequential imperfect first person common singularHc/Vhw1cs
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
DirObjM | Suff — Particle · suffixHTo/Sp3mp
גּוֹי (goy) refers to a nation or people, often indicating non-Hebrew groups, but can also encompass descendants of Abraham and Israel. It may figuratively describe a swarm of locusts or animals. The plural form, גּוֹיִם (goyim), is noted as a proper noun referring to the people of Goim, specifically mentioned in Genesis 14:1.
גּוֹי 661 n.m. nation, people
base
גּוֹיִם n.pr.gent. Tid‛al king of Goim
base
H1471a גּוֹי nation, people H1471b גּוֹיִם n. pr. gent. Tid‛al king of Goim
1471 gowy go'-ee
rarely (shortened) goy {go'-ee}; apparently from the same
root as 1465 (in the sense of massing); a foreign nation;
hence, a Gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a
flight of locusts:--Gentile, heathen, nation, people.
see HEBREW for 01465
גּוֹי (goy) — nation.
1) nation, people
1a) nation, people
1a1) usually of non-Hebrew people
1a2) of descendants of Abraham
1a3) of Israel
1b) of swarm of locusts, other animals (fig.)
גּוֹיִם (go.yim) — Goiim.
People descended from Goy(?), first mentioned at Gen.14.1
§ Goyim (Tidgal, king of)
גּוֹי (goy) — Gentile.
1) nation, people
1a) nation, people
1a1) usually of non-Hebrew people
1a2) of descendants of Abraham
1a3) of Israel
1b) of swarm of locusts, other animals (fig.)
1c) Goyim? = "nations"
Also named: ethnos (ἔθνος "Gentiles" G1484)
גּוֹי (goy) — (Harosheth)-hagoyim.
Goyim (Tidgal, king of)
Combined with cha.ro.shet (חֲרֹ֫שֶׁת "Harosheth" H2800)
Prep | N-mp — Preposition · noun common masculine plural absoluteHRd/Ncmpa
na'-shunz.
See GENTILES; GOIIM; HEATHEN; TABLE OF NATIONS.
זָרָה (zarah) is a Hebrew verb meaning to scatter, fan, or winnow. It encompasses various actions such as tossing about, dispersing, and spreading. The word appears in different forms, including Qal (to scatter), Niphal (to be scattered), and Piel (to intensively scatter). Notably, it is used in contexts like the scattering of the Israelites and the winnowing of grain.
[זָרָה] vb. scatter, fan, winnow (Ar. Arabic cause to fly, scatter (of wind), winnow; Aram. דְּרָא, Syriac; Eth. Ethiopic)—
Qal
scatter, the powder into which the golden calf was ground
fan, winnow
Niph. be scattered, dispersed, of Israel
Pi.
(intens. of Qal) scatter, disperse, esp. of peoples
winnow, sift
Pu. be scattered
base
H2219 [זָרָה] scatter, fan, winnow
2219 zarah zaw-raw'
a primitive root (compare 2114); to toss about; by
implication, to diffuse, winnow:--cast away, compass,
disperse, fan, scatter (away), spread, strew, winnow.
see HEBREW for 02114
זָרָה (za.rah) — to scatter.
1) to scatter, fan, cast away, winnow, disperse, compass, spread, be scattered, be dispersed
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to scatter
1a2) to fan, winnow
1b) (Niphal) to be scattered, be dispersed
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to scatter, disperse (intensive of Qal)
1c2) to winnow, sift
1d) (Pual) to be scattered, be spread out
Conj | V-Niphal-ConsecImperf-3mp — Verb · Niphal · sequential imperfect third person masculine pluralHc/VNw3mp
אֶ֫רֶץ (erets) is a feminine noun meaning 'earth' or 'land.' It encompasses various meanings, including the whole earth, specific territories like Canaan, and even inhabitants of the land. It can refer to soil, ground, or regions, and is used in phrases related to distance and the living. There is a note on the plural form אֲרָצוֹת, which mainly appears in later texts to denote multiple lands.
אֶ֫רֶץ n. f. & (seld.) m. earth, land
earth, whole earth (opp. to a part)
earth, opp. to heaven, sky
earth = inhabitants of earth
land =
country, territory
district, region
trial territory
piece of ground
specif. land of Canaan, or Israel
= inhabitants of land
used even of Shᵉʼôl
ground, surface of ground
soil, as productive
אֶרֶץ in phrases
people of the land
in measurements of distance
the country of the plain, level or plain country
land of the living
end(s) of the earth
pl. אֲרָצוֹת is almost wholly late; it denotes lands, countries, often in contrast to Canaan, lands of the nations, etc.
base
H776 אֶ֫רֶץ n. f. & (seld.) m. earth, land . . earth, whole earth (opp. to a part)
. earth, opp. to heaven, sky
. earth = inhabitants of earth
. land = . country, territory
. district, region
. trial territory
. piece of ground
. specif. land of Canaan, or Israel
. = inhabitants of land
. used even of Shᵉʼôl
. . ground, surface of ground
. soil, as productive
. אֶרֶץ in phrases . people of the land
. in measurements of distance
. the country of the plain, level or plain country
. land of the living
. end(s) of the earth
. pl. אֲרָצוֹת is almost wholly late; it denotes lands, countries, often in contrast to Canaan, lands of the nations, etc.
776 'erets eh'-rets
from an unused root probably meaning to be firm; the earth
(at large, or partitively a land):--X common, country, earth,
field, ground, land, X natins, way, + wilderness, world.
אֶ֫רֶץ (e.rets) — land: country/planet.
: country/field
1) land, earth
1a) earth
1a1) whole earth (as opposed to a part)
1a2) earth (as opposed to heaven)
1a3) earth (inhabitants)
1b) land
1b1) country, territory
1b2) district, region
1b3) tribal territory
1b4) piece of ground
1b5) land of Canaan, Israel
1b6) inhabitants of land
1b7) Sheol, land without return, (under) world
1b8) city (-state)
1c) ground, surface of the earth
1c1) ground
1c2) soil
1d) (in phrases)
1d1) people of the land
1d2) space or distance of country (in measurements of distance)
1d3) level or plain country
1d4) land of the living
1d5) end(s) of the earth
1e) (almost wholly late in usage)
1e1) lands, countries
1e1a) often in contrast to Canaan
אֶ֫רֶץ (e.rets) — land: soil.
: soil
1) land, earth
1a) earth
1a1) whole earth (as opposed to a part)
1a2) earth (as opposed to heaven)
1a3) earth (inhabitants)
1b) land
1b1) country, territory
Prep | N-cp — Preposition · noun common feminine plural absoluteHRd/Ncfpa
דֶּ֫רֶךְ (derek) means way, road, or journey, and can refer to both literal paths and figurative courses of life or actions. It encompasses various aspects such as direction, manner, and moral character, often highlighting the nature of one's conduct. The term is used in both positive and negative contexts, reflecting the moral implications of one's path.
דֶּ֫רֶךְ 715 n.m. way, road, distance, journey, manner
way, road, path
journey
of direction, almost or quite = toward
way, manner
fig. of course of life, or action, undertakings
of moral action and character
of duty
specif.: in good sense
oftener in bad sense
way of י׳
base
H1870 דֶּ֫רֶךְ way, road, distance, journey, manner . way, road, path
. journey
. of direction, almost or quite = toward
. way, manner
. fig. of course of life, or action, undertakings
. . of moral action and character
. of duty
. specif.: in good sense
. oftener in bad sense
. way of י׳
1870 derek deh'-rek
from 1869; a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of
life or mode of action, often adverb:--along, away, because
of, + by, conversation, custom, (east-)ward, journey, manner,
passenger, through, toward, (high-) (path-)way(-side),
whither(-soever).
see HEBREW for 01869
דֶּ֫רֶךְ (de.rekh) — way: conduct.
: conduct/lifestyle
1) way, road, distance, journey, manner
1a) road, way, path
1b) journey
1c) direction
1d) manner, habit, way
1e) of course of life (fig.)
1f) of moral character (fig.)
דֶּ֫רֶךְ (de.rekh) — Way.
This name means way, road
דֶּ֫רֶךְ (de.rekh) — (King's) Highway.
This name means way, road
Combined with me.lekh (מֶ֫לֶךְ "King's" H4428I)
דֶּ֫רֶךְ (de.rekh) — way: direction.
: direction
1) way, road, distance, journey, manner
1a) road, way, path
1b) journey
1c) direction
1d) manner, habit, way
1e) of course of life (fig.)
1f) of moral character (fig.)
דֶּ֫רֶךְ (de.rekh) — way: road.
: road/route
1) way, road, distance, journey, manner
1a) road, way, path
1b) journey
1c) direction
1d) manner, habit, way
1e) of course of life (fig.)
1f) of moral character (fig.)
דֶּ֫רֶךְ (de.rekh) — way: journey.
: journey
Prep | N-cs | Suff — Preposition · noun common both singular construct · suffixHR/Ncbsc/Sp3mp
עֲלִילָה (aliylah) refers to wantonness or a deed, often implying negative connotations such as evil practices. It is derived from the root meaning to effect or perform, and can denote an act, work, or occasion. The entries consistently emphasize its association with bad deeds.
עֲלִילָה n.f. wantonness, deed
base
H5949 עֲלִילָה wantonness, deed
5949 `aliylah al-ee-law'
or malilah {al-ee-law'}; from 5953 in the sense of effecting;
an exploit (of God), or a performance (of man, often in a bad
sense); by implication, an opportunity:--act(-ion), deed,
doing, invention, occasion, work.
see HEBREW for 05953
עֲלִילָה (a.li.lah) — wantonness.
1) wantonness, deed, doing
1a) wantonness
1b) deed
1c) practices, evil deeds
Conj | Prep | N-fp | Suff — Conjunction · preposition · noun common feminine plural construct · suffixHC/R/Ncfpc/Sp3mp
שָׁפַט (shaphat) is a Hebrew verb meaning to judge or govern. It encompasses a range of actions including pronouncing sentences, executing judgments, and deciding controversies in various contexts such as civil and religious matters. The word can also imply being judged or entering into legal disputes. There is a specific mention of its use in the context of final judgment.
שָׁפַט 185 vb. judge, govern
Qal
act as law-giver, judge, governor
specif. decide controversy, discriminate betw. persons, in civil, political, domestic and religious questions
execute judgment
Niph.
recipr., enter into controversy, plead
pass. be judged
Pô‛el = my opponent-at-law
base
H8199 שָׁפַט judge, govern .. act as law-giver, judge, governor
. specif. decide controversy, discriminate betw. persons, in civil, political, domestic and religious questions
. execute judgment
. . recipr., enter into controversy, plead
. pass. be judged
.= my opponent-at-law
8199 shaphat shaw-fat'
a primitive root; to judge, i.e. pronounce sentence (for or
against); by implication, to vindicate or punish; by
extenssion, to govern; passively, to litigate (literally or
figuratively):--+ avenge, X that condemn, contend, defend,
execute (judgment), (be a) judge(-ment), X needs, plead,
reason, rule.
שָׁפַט (sha.phat) — to judge.
1) to judge, govern, vindicate, punish
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to act as law-giver or judge or governor (of God, man)
1a1a) to rule, govern, judge
1a2) to decide controversy (of God, man)
1a3) to execute judgment
1a3a) discriminating (of man)
1a3b) vindicating
1a3c) condemning and punishing
1a3d) at theophanic advent for final judgment
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to enter into controversy, plead, have controversy together
1b2) to be judged
1c) (Poel) judge, opponent-at-law (participle)
V-Qal-Perf-1cs | Suff — Verb qal perfect first person common singular · suffixHVqp1cs/Sp3mp
