Ezra 4:19 — Word Study
WLCוּמִנִּי֮ שִׂ֣ים טְעֵם֒ וּבַקַּ֣רוּ וְהַשְׁכַּ֔חוּ דִּ֚י קִרְיְתָ֣א דָ֔ךְ מִן־ יוֹמָת֙ עָֽלְמָ֔א עַל־ מַלְכִ֖ין מִֽתְנַשְּׂאָ֑ה וּמְרַ֥ד וְאֶשְׁתַּדּ֖וּר מִתְעֲבֶד־ בַּֽהּ׃
BSAI issuedsûwm a decreeṭᵉʻêm [and commanded] and a search was conductedbᵉqar■ [to enquire, to carefully examine, made, performed] It was discoveredshᵉkach■ [found, uncovered] thatdîy thisdêk cityqiryâʼ [town, urban area] has revoltednᵉsâʼ [made insurrection, lifted up itself] againstʻal kingsmelek [rulers, monarchs] from ancientʻâlam timesyôwm [of old, from the days of old] engaging in rebellionmᵉrad△ [resistance, defiance] and seditionʼeshtaddûwr [revolt, uprising]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וּמִנִּי֮ | and from me | Conjunction, preposition, suffix |
| שִׂ֣ים | it was made | Verb plural, third person masculine singular |
| טְעֵם֒ | a decree | Noun common, both singular absolute |
| וּבַקַּ֣רוּ | and they searched | Conjunction, verb piel perfect third person masculine plural |
| וְהַשְׁכַּ֔חוּ | and they found | Conjunction, verb hiphil perfect third person masculine plural |
| דִּ֚י | that | Conjunction |
| קִרְיְתָ֣א | city the | Noun common feminine singular determined, particle |
| דָ֔ךְ | this | Particle |
| מִן־ | from | Preposition |
| יוֹמָת֙ | [the] days of | Noun common, feminine plural construct |
| עָֽלְמָ֔א | antiquity | Noun common both singular determined, particle |
| עַל־ | against | Preposition |
| מַלְכִ֖ין | kings | Noun common, masculine plural absolute |
| מִֽתְנַשְּׂאָ֑ה | [was] rising up | Verb feminine singular |
| וּמְרַ֥ד | and rebellion | Conjunction, noun common both singular absolute |
| וְאֶשְׁתַּדּ֖וּר | and revolt | Conjunction, noun common both singular absolute |
| מִתְעֲבֶד־ | [have] been done | Verb masculine singular |
| בַּֽהּ׃ | by it | Preposition, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | I issued a decree, and a search was conducted. It was discovered that this city has revolted against kings from ancient times, engaging in rebellion and sedition. |
| KJV | And I commanded, and search hath been made, and it is found that this city of old time hath made insurrection against kings, and that rebellion and sedition have been made therein. |
| ASV | And I decreed, and search hath been made, and it is found that this city of old time hath made insurrection against kings, and that rebellion and sedition have been made therein. |
| YLT | and by me a decree hath been made, and they sought, and have found that this city from the days of old against kings is lifting up itself, and rebellion and sedition is made in it, |
| WEB | I decreed, and search has been made, and it was found that this city has made insurrection against kings in the past, and that rebellion and revolts have been made in it. |
| BBE | And I gave orders for a search to be made, and it is certain that in the past this town has made trouble for kings, and that outbursts against authority have taken place there. |
Where they part company is יוֹמָת֙ — see How Translations Differ.
The structure includes a main clause followed by two subordinate clauses detailing the actions taken and their implications.
7 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Trapp, Ellicott & more — read them ›
clause
subjectטְעֵם
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
1 of 18 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Ezra 4:19
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Context of the Decreegenerated
Ezra 4:19 describes a decree issued regarding a city that has a long-standing history of rebellion against rulers. This context is crucial for understanding the implications of the search conducted and the findings that were revealed about the city's actions throughout history. The surrounding verses provide insight into the political dynamics and the authority of the kings over the region, emphasizing the seriousness of the situation.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ezra 4:15 | that a search should be made of the record books of your fathers. In these books you will discover and verify that the city is a rebellious city, harmful to kings and provinces, inciting sedition from ancient times. That is why this city was destroyed. |
| 2 | Ezra 5:17 | Now, therefore, if it pleases the king, let a search be made of the royal archives in Babylon to see if King Cyrus did indeed issue a decree to rebuild the house of God in Jerusalem. Then let the king send us his decision in this matter. |
| 3 | Ezra 6:1–2 | Thus King Darius ordered a search of the archives stored in the treasury of Babylon. |
| 4 | Deuteronomy 13:14 | then you must inquire, investigate, and interrogate thoroughly. And if it is established with certainty that this abomination has been committed among you, |
| 5 | Proverbs 25:2 | It is the glory of God to conceal a matter and the glory of kings to search it out. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 8 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — מִתְנַשְּׂאָ֑ה, mit.na.se.'Ahgenerated
The word נְשָׂא (nasa') means to lift or rise up, and in this context, it implies an act of rebellion or insurrection. The parsing indicates it is a feminine singular verb, suggesting a specific subject is rising up against authority.
This verb is used to convey the idea of taking action or making a stand, particularly in a context of defiance. The use of the Ithpael form highlights the reflexive nature of the action, indicating that the city itself is actively engaged in this insurrection.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against. The BSB uses has revolted, which aligns with the KJV and ASV, both of which emphasize the city's insurrection against authority.
Where others part company with the BSB is in the rendering of יוֹמָת֙. The ASV, KJV, and others translate it as of old, while the LSV and YLT opt for from the days of old, showing a slight variation in temporal emphasis.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb שִׂ֣ים, it was made, governs the sentence, with several clauses and phrases hanging off it. The structure includes a prepositional phrase indicating the source of the decree, followed by a clause detailing the search and its findings.
The word order emphasizes the actions taken — issuing a decree, conducting a search, and discovering the city's history of rebellion. Each action is clearly delineated, contributing to the overall clarity of the narrative.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates טְעֵם as γνώμη, which means 'opinion' or 'decree.' This choice suggests a focus on the authoritative aspect of the command issued, indicating that it is not just a casual statement but a formal decree.
The verb שִׂ֣ים is rendered as ἐτέθη, meaning 'was set' or 'appointed.' This aligns with the sense of establishing a decree, reinforcing the authoritative tone of the original Hebrew.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Ezra 4:19 recounts how a decree was issued, leading to a search that revealed the city's long-standing rebellion against kings. The findings highlight a history of insurrection and defiance, which is significant for understanding the political situation at the time.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The decree is a formal command regarding the city's actions and its historical context of rebellion against authority.
The history of rebellion is crucial as it informs the current political dynamics and the decisions made by rulers regarding the city.
The search reveals that the city has a longstanding pattern of insurrection against kings, which is significant for the authority's response.
This verse connects to the broader narrative by illustrating the challenges faced by rulers in maintaining control over rebellious cities and the historical context that informs these challenges.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What are some historical examples of rebellion that have shaped the political landscape in your area?
- How do historical actions influence current decisions and policies in governance?
- In what ways can understanding the past help in resolving present conflicts?
- What lessons can be learned from the city's history of rebellion that apply to modern situations?
Commentators on this verse — 7 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Ezra 4:19 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd I commanded, and search hath been made,.... In the records of his predecessors, whether Chaldeans or Persians: and it is found that this city of old time hath made insurrection against kings, and
Read John Gill on Ezra 4 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryThe letter which ye sent unto us hath been plainly read before me. No JFB commentary on these verses.
Read Robert Jamieson on Ezra 4 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsEzra 4:19 And I commanded, and search hath been made, and it is found that this city of old time hath made insurrection against kings, and [that] rebellion and sedition have been made therein.Ver. 19. Hath made insurrection against kings] Chaldee, lift up itself against kings. Pride is painted with a triple crown on her head; upon the first whereof is written Transcendo; , I ascend; upon the second, Non obedio; , I disobey; upon the third, Perturbo. , I throw into confusion; Wat Tyler the rebel dared to say, that all the laws of England should come out of his mouth.
Read John Trapp on Ezra 4 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(19) Insurrection.—Never against Persia; but such as are alluded to in 2 Kings 24
Read Charles John Ellicott on Ezra 4 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 19. Hath made insurrection against kings] Mow true is the proverb, "It is an easy thing to find a staff to beat a dog!" The struggles of the Israelites to preserve or regain their independency, which they had from God, are termed insurrection, rebellion, and sedition: because at last they fell under the power of their oppressors. Had they been successful in these struggles, such offensive words had never been used. In 1688 the people of England struggled to throw off an oppressive government, that was changing the times and the seasons, and overthrowing the religion of the country, and setting up in its place the spurious off-spring of popery and arbitrary government. They were…
Read AdamClarke on Ezra 4 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges19. And I commanded] R.V. decreed. A more authoritative word. Literally, ‘and from me was a decree made’; and they searched, ‘and found’. of old time] Cf. Ezra 4:15. hath made insurrection against kings] By the insurrections against kings and the sedition and rebellion of Jerusalem here mentioned as being recorded in the chronicles of the state is probably meant the treacherous and unstable policy of Jehoiakim, Jehoiachin, and Zedekiah (see 2 Kings 24:1; 2 Kings 24:10; 2 Kings 24:20). Of this the Babylonian records would preserve the testimony. It is less likely that the more ancient records of the Assyrian Empire containing the account of Hezekiah’s revolt from Sennacherib would have been…
Read Cambridge on Ezra 4 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleThe archives of the Babylonian kingdom would contain accounts of the insurrections raised, or threatened, by Jehoiakim, Jehoiachin, and Zedekiah 2 Kings 24:1, 2 Kings 24:10, 2 Kings 24:20.
Read Albert Barnes on Ezra 4 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
I issued a decree, and a search was conducted. It was discovered that this city has revolted against kings from ancient times, engaging in rebellion and sedition.
I decreed, and search has been made, and it was found that this city has made insurrection against kings in the past, and that rebellion and revolts have been made in it.
I issued a decree, and a search was conducted. It was discovered that this city has revolted against kings from ancient times, engaging in rebellion and sedition.
So I gave orders, and it was determined that this city from long ago has been engaging in insurrection against kings. It has continually engaged in rebellion and revolt.
Tyndale line
And I commanded, and search hath been made, and it is found that this city of old time hath made insurrection against kings, and that rebellion and sedition have been made therein.
And I decreed, and search hath been made, and it is found that this city of old time hath made insurrection against kings, and that rebellion and sedition have been made therein.
And I decreed, and search hath been made, and it is found that this city of old time hath made insurrection against kings, and that rebellion and sedition have been made therein.
And I commanded, and search hath been made, and it is found that this city of old time hath made insurrection against kings, and that rebellion and sedition have been made in it.
And I haue commanded and they haue searched, and founde, that this citie of olde time hath made insurrection against kings, and hath rebelled, and rebellion hath bene committed therein.
Strictly literal
And I gave orders, and search has been made, and it has been found that this city of old time has made insurrection against the kings, and that rebellion and sedition have been raised therein.
and by me a decree hath been made, and they sought, and have found that this city from the days of old against kings is lifting up itself, and rebellion and sedition is made in it,
and by me a decree has been made, and they sought, and have found that this city is lifting up itself against kings from the days of old, and rebellion and sedition is made in it,
And an order was given by me, and search was made, and it was found that this city from the most ancient time hath lifted itself up against kings, and that rebellion and sedition have been practised therein.
So I ordered an investigation and discovered that in previous days they had rebelled and revolted against kings.
From the Latin
And I commanded: and search hath been made, and it is found, that this city of old time hath rebelled against kings, and seditions and wars have been raised therein.
Simplified
I ordered a search to be conducted. It was discovered that this city has often risen up in revolt against kings in the past, frequently promoting insurrection and rebellion.
And I gave orders for a search to be made, and it is certain that in the past this town has made trouble for kings, and that outbursts against authority have taken place there.
Word by word, the decisions they made
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text of Ezra 4:19 states that a decree was issued and a search was conducted, revealing that the city had revolted against kings from ancient times, engaging in rebellion and sedition. The Septuagint agrees with the Masoretic Text in its word-by-word correspondence, matching all 18 words, though it presents them in its own sentence structure. There are no significant differences between these two witnesses regarding this verse.
וּמִנִּי֮ שִׂ֣ים טְעֵם֒ וּבַקַּ֣רוּ וְהַשְׁכַּ֔חוּ דִּ֚י קִרְיְתָ֣א דָ֔ךְ מִן־ יוֹמָת֙ עָֽלְמָ֔א עַל־ מַלְכִ֖ין מִֽתְנַשְּׂאָ֑ה וּמְרַ֥ד וְאֶשְׁתַּדּ֖וּר מִתְעֲבֶד־ בַּֽהּ׃
18 of the 18 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Ezra 4:19
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
מִן (min) is a preposition meaning 'from' or 'out of,' and it covers a range of uses including source, reason, and comparison. It can indicate physical origin, temporal aspects, or causation. The entries agree on its various applications, with no significant disagreement noted.
מִן prep. from, out of, by, by reason of, at, more then
base
H4481 מִן
4481 min min
(Aramaic) corresponding to 4480:--according, after, +
because, + before, by, for, from, X him, X more than, (out)
of, part, since, X these, to, upon, + when.
see HEBREW for 04480
מִן־ (min) — from.
1) from, out of, by, by reason of, at, more than
1a) from, out of (of place)
1b) from, by, as a result of, by reason of, at, according to, (of source)
1c) from (of time)
1d) beyond, more than (in comparisons)
AC/R/Sp1bs — Conjunction · preposition · suffixAC/R/Sp1bs
The Hebrew word שׂוּם (suwm) means to set, make, or appoint. It includes various nuances such as to fix or lay down a decree. The entries indicate that it can be used in different grammatical forms, including P'al and Ithp'al, suggesting both active and passive meanings.
[שׂוּם], שִׂים vb. set, make
Pe.
make
make, appoint
set, fix
Pe‛îl from me a decree is made
Hithpe. be made
base
H7761 שׂוּם, שִׂים
7761 suwm soom
(Aramaic) corresponding to 7760:--+ command, give, lay,
make, + name, + regard, set.
see HEBREW for 07760
שׂוּם (sum) — to set: make.
1) to set, make, appoint
1a) (P'al)
1a1) to make, make decree, setout (decree)
1a2) to make, appoint
1a3) to set, fix
1b) (Ithp'al) to be made, be set, be laid
שׂוּם (sum) — to set: put/give.
1) to set, make, appoint
1a) (P'al)
1a1) to make, make decree, setout (decree)
1a2) to make, appoint
1a3) to set, fix
1b) (Ithp'al) to be made, be set, be laid
שׂוּם (sum) — to set: appoint.
1) to set, make, appoint
1a) (P'al)
1a1) to make, make decree, setout (decree)
1a2) to make, appoint
1a3) to set, fix
1b) (Ithp'al) to be made, be set, be laid
Adj — Verb plural · third person masculine singularAVQp3ms
טְעֵם (t`em) refers to taste and judgment, encompassing both subjective and objective aspects. It can also denote a command or report. The word is derived from related roots, indicating a range of meanings that includes flavor, wisdom, and decree.
טְעֵם 30 n.m. taste, judgment, command
base
H2942 טְעֵם, טַעַם
2942 t`em teh-ame'
(Aramaic) from 2939, and equivalent to 2941; properly,
flavor; figuratively, judgment (both subjective and
objective); hence, account (both subj. and obj.):--+
chancellor, + command, commandment, decree, + regard, taste,
wisdom.
see HEBREW for 02939
see HEBREW for 02941
טְעֵם (te.em) — command.
1) report, taste
1a) taste
1b) report
Adj — Noun common · both singular absoluteANcbsa
בְּקַר (beqar) primarily means to inquire or seek. It appears in the context of making a search, specifically noted in the book of Ezra. The verb can take on different forms, such as in the Pael and Ithpael stems, indicating various nuances of seeking or letting a search be made.
[בְּקַר] vb. Pa. inquire, seek (only Ezr)
Hithpa. let search be made.
base
H1240 בְּקַר
1240 bqar bek-ar'
(Aramaic) corresponding to 1239:--inquire, make search.
see HEBREW for 01239
בְּקַר (be.qar) — to enquire.
1) to seek, enquire
1a) (Pael) to enquire
1b) (Ithpael) to let search be made
Adj | V-Piel-Perf-3mp — Conjunction · verb piel perfect third person masculine pluralAC/Vpp3mp
שְׁכַח (shkach) means 'to find' and can also imply the state of being found. It is built from the idea of discovering something that was covered or forgotten. The entries indicate its use in both literal and figurative contexts, with no significant disagreement among the lexicons.
[שְׁכַח] vb. Haph. find
Hithpe. be found
base
H7912 שְׁכַח
7912 shkach shek-akh'
(Aramaic) corresponding to 7911 through the idea of
disclosure of a covered or forgotten thing; to discover
(literally or figuratively):--find.
see HEBREW for 07911
שְׁכַח (she.khach) — to find.
1) to find
1a) (Aphel) to find
1b) (Ithp'al) to be found
Adj | V-Hiphil-Perf-3mp — Conjunction · verb hiphil perfect third person masculine pluralAC/Vhp3mp
דִּי (diy) is an Aramaic word meaning 'that,' functioning as a relative conjunction and a preposition in various contexts. It can indicate relationships such as 'who,' 'which,' or 'because,' and is used in adverbial phrases. The entries highlight its role in connecting clauses and marking possession.
דִּי part. of relation, who, which, that, used also as mark of gen. and conj. that, because
base
H1768 דִּי
1768 diy dee
(Aramaic) apparently for 1668; that, used as relative
conjunction, and especially (with a preposition) in adverbial
phrases; also as preposition of:--X as, but, for(-asmuch +), +
now, of, seeing, than, that, therefore, until, + what
(-soever), when, which, whom, whose.
see HEBREW for 01668
דִּי (di) — that.
part of relation
1) who, which, that
mark of genitive
2) that of, which belongs to, that
conj
3) that, because
Adj — ConjunctionAC
קִרְיָה (qirya') means 'city' or 'town' in Hebrew and is noted as an Aramaic term as well. It is derived from a root that corresponds to another word for 'city' (H7151). The entries consistently emphasize its meaning as a place of habitation.
קִרְיָה, קִרְיָא, n.f. city
base
H7149 קִרְיָה, קִרְיָא
7149 qirya' keer-yaw'
(Aramaic) or qiryah (Aramaic) {keer-yaw'}; corresponding to
7151:--city.
see HEBREW for 07151
קִרְיָה (qir.yah) — town.
city
Aramaic of qir.yah (קִרְיָה "town" H7151)
Adj | Art — Noun common feminine singular determined · particleANcfsd/Ta
sit'-i (`ir, qiryah; polis):
I. THE CANAANITE CITY
1. Origin
2. Extent
3. Villages
4. Sites
5. External Appearance
6. General
II. THE CITY OF THE JEWISH OCCUPATION
1. Tower or Stronghold
2. High Place
3. Broad Place
4. Streets
5. General Characteristics
III. STORE CITIES
IV. LEVITICAL CITIES
LITERATURE
I. The Canaanite City.
1. Origin:
The development of the Canaanite city has been traced by Macalister in his report on the excavation at Gezer (Palestine Exploration Fund Statement, 1904, 108 ff). It originated on the slopes of a bare rocky spur, in which the Neolithic Troglodytes quarried their habitations out of the solid rock, the stones therefrom being used to form a casing to the earthen ramparts, with which the site was afterwards surrounded and which served as a protection against the intrusion of enemies. Later Semitic intruders occupied the site, stone houses were built, and high stone defense…
City
The earliest mention of city-building is that of Enoch, which was built by Cain (Gen. 4:17). After the confusion of tongues, the descendants of Nimrod founded several cities (10:10-12). Next, we have a record of the cities of the Canaanites, Sidon, Gaza, Sodom, etc. (10:12, 19; 11:3, 9; 36:31-39). The earliest description of a city is that of Sodom (19:1-22). Damascus is said to be the oldest existing city in the world. Before the time of Abraham there were cities in Egypt (Num. 13:22). The Israelites in Egypt were employed in building the “treasure cities” of Pithom and Raamses (Ex. 1:11); but it does not seem that they had any cities of their own in Goshen (Gen.…
The towns and cities of Palestine were commonly built on heights, for better security against robbers or invaders. These heights, surrounded by walls, sometimes formed the entire city. In other cases, the citadel alone crowned the hill, around and at the base of which the town was built; and in time of danger the surrounding population all took refuge in the fortified place. Larger towns and cities were often not only defended by strong outer walls, with towers and gates, but by a citadel or castle within these limits-a last resort when the rest of the city was taken, Jud 9:46,51. The "fenced cities" of the Jews, De 3:5, were of various sizes and degrees of strength; some being surrounded by high and thick stone walls, and others by feebler ramparts, often of clay or sun-dried…
דֵּךְ (dek) is an Aramaic word meaning 'this.' It is derived from a prolonged form of another root, and is used in a demonstrative sense. The entries consistently affirm its meaning as a pronoun, specifically referring to something nearby.
דֵּךְ demonstr.pr.m. this
base
H1791 דֵּךְ, דָּךְ
1791 dek dake
(Aramaic) or dak (Aramaic) {dawk}; prolonged from 1668;
this:--the same, this.
see HEBREW for 01668
דֵּךְ (dekh) — this.
this
Aramaic of zeh (זֶה "this" H2088)
Adj — ParticleATm
מִן (min) is a preposition meaning 'from' or 'out of,' and it covers a range of uses including source, reason, and comparison. It can indicate physical origin, temporal aspects, or causation. The entries agree on its various applications, with no significant disagreement noted.
מִן prep. from, out of, by, by reason of, at, more then
base
H4481 מִן
4481 min min
(Aramaic) corresponding to 4480:--according, after, +
because, + before, by, for, from, X him, X more than, (out)
of, part, since, X these, to, upon, + when.
see HEBREW for 04480
מִן־ (min) — from.
1) from, out of, by, by reason of, at, more than
1a) from, out of (of place)
1b) from, by, as a result of, by reason of, at, according to, (of source)
1c) from (of time)
1d) beyond, more than (in comparisons)
AR — PrepositionAR
יוֹם (yowm) means 'day' and refers to a twenty-four hour period, especially when specified by a number. It can also denote a time or period in a broader sense. The entries do not indicate any significant disagreement among lexicons.
H3118 יוֹם
3118 yowm yome
(Aramaic) corresponding to 3117; a day:--day (by day), time.
see HEBREW for 03117
יוֹם (yom) — day.
1) day
2) day always refers to a twenty-four hour period when the word is modified by a definite or cardinal number
Adj — Noun common · feminine plural constructANcfpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
עָלַם (alam) refers to concepts of perpetuity and antiquity, indicating a sense of time that is indefinite, whether in the future or the past. It is often used adverbially to mean 'forever' or 'lasting.' The term is linked to the Aramaic word for 'old' and is associated with Strong's H5769.
עָלַם n.[m.] perpetuity, antiquity
base
H5957 עָלַם
5957 `alam aw-lam'
(Aramaic) corresponding to 5769; remote time, i.e. the future
or past indefinitely; often adverb, forever:--for ((n-))ever
(lasting), old.
see HEBREW for 05769
עָלַם (a.lam) — perpetuity.
perpetuity, antiquity, for ever
Aramaic of o.lam (עוֹלָם ": old" H5769J)
Adj | Art — Noun common both singular determined · particleANcbsd/Ta
עַל (al) is a preposition meaning 'upon,' 'over,' or 'against.' It covers a range of uses, including direction, comparison, and causation. The entries indicate it can express relationships concerning location, purpose, or authority. There is a note that it corresponds to the Aramaic term related to another Hebrew word, עַל (H5921), but no significant disagreement among lexicons is noted.
עַל prep. upon, over, on account of, above, to, against
base
H5922 עַל
5922 `al al
(Aramaic) corresponding to 5921:--about, against,
concerning, for, (there-)fore, from, in, X more, of, (there-,
up-)on, (in-)to, + why with.
see HEBREW for 05921
עַל (al) — since.
1) upon, over, on account of, above, to, against
1a) upon, over, on account of, regarding, concerning, on behalf of
1b) over (with verbs of ruling)
1c) above, beyond (in comparison)
1d) to, against (of direction)
Adj — PrepositionAR
a-genst' (kata; enantion; pros): Preposition expressing contrast. When used of direction, equivalent to "toward" (Mt 10:35; 12:14, etc.); when of position, meaning "opposite," "facing," "in front of" (1Ki 7:5; Ge 15:10, Ro 8:31); when of action, "opposed to" (Mt 5:11; 26:59; 1Co 4:6); "in resistance to" (Heb 12:4); "provision for" (Greek eis, literally, "unto, toward" (1Ti 6:19)). Sometimes also applied to what breaks an established order as "customs" (
מֶ֫לֶךְ (melek) means 'king' in Hebrew and is also noted in Aramaic. The entries confirm its singular meaning related to royalty, with no significant disagreement among the lexicons.
מֶ֫לֶךְ 178 n.m. king
base
H4430 מֶ֫לֶךְ
4430 melek meh'-lek
(Aramaic) corresponding to 4428; a king:--king, royal.
see HEBREW for 04428
מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) — king.
king
Aramaic of me.lekh (מֶ֫לֶךְ "king" H4428)
§ 1) king
Adj — Noun common · masculine plural absoluteANcmpa
of Judah and Israel. For the list see table at the end of this volume.
נְשָׂא (nsa') primarily means to lift, take, or carry. It can also refer to making an insurrection or rising, particularly in the Ithpael form. The word has connections to the Aramaic form corresponding to another root, נָשָׂא (nasa'), which is noted in Strong's entries.
נְשָׂא vb. lift, take, carry
Pe. carry away
Hithpa. make a rising, an insurrection
base
H5376 נְשָׂא
5376 nsa' nes-aw'
(Aramaic) corresponding to 5375:--carry away, make
insurrection, take.
see HEBREW for 05375
נְשָׂא (ne.sa) — to lift.
1) to lift, bear, take, carry
1a) (P'al) to take
1b) (Ithpael) to make a rising, make an insurrection
Adj — Verb feminine singularAVMrfsa
מְרַד (mrad) means 'rebellion' in Aramaic, derived from a root related to מֶ֫רֶד (me.red). It appears in the context of Ezra 4:19. The entries consistently emphasize its meaning as rebellion.
מְרַד n.[m.] rebellion;—abs. Ezr 4:19.
ref
H4776 מְרַד
4776 mrad mer-ad'
(Aramaic) from a root corresponding to 4775;
rebellion:--rebellion.
see HEBREW for 04775
מְרַד (me.rad) — rebellion.
rebellion
Aramaic of me.red (מֶ֫רֶד "rebellion" H4777)
Adj | N-ms — Conjunction · noun common both singular absoluteAC/Ncbsa
Revolt of the ten tribes 1Ki 12:16-20; 2Ch 10; 13:5-12
See SIN
אֶשְׁתַּדּוּר (esh.tad.dur) refers to sedition or revolt, derived from a root meaning rebellion. The term is used in a negative context, indicating a form of insurrection or dissent.
אֶשְׁתַּדּוּר n.m. revolt
base
H849 אֶשְׁתַּדּוּר
849 'eshtadduwr esh-tad-dure'
(Aramaic) from 7712 (in a bad sense); rebellion:--sedition.
see HEBREW for 07712
אֶשְׁתַּדּוּר (esh.tad.dur) — sedition.
revolt, sedition
Adj | N-ms — Conjunction · noun common both singular absoluteAC/Ncbsa
During Solomon's reign the people were greatly oppressed by Taxation, and after his death they appealed to his successor and asked For relief. Receiving insults in return, they rebelled against his Authority and declared that they had no part in his government (1 Kings 12:1-25).
→ Of the ten tribes 1Ki 12:1-24
עֲבַד (abad) primarily means to make or do. It encompasses actions such as creating, performing, or executing tasks. The word can also imply a state of being made or done, as noted in its various forms. The entries do not indicate any significant disagreement among lexicons.
עֲבַד vb. make, do
Pe.
make
do
Hithpe.
be made into
be done, wrought
base
H5648 עֲבַד
5648 `abad ab-bad'
(Aramaic) corresponding to 5647; to do, make, prepare, keep,
etc.:--X cut, do, execute, go on, make, move, work.
see HEBREW for 05647
עֲבַד (a.vad) — to make.
1) to make, do
1a)(P'al)
1a1) to make, create
1a2) to do, perform
1b) (Ithp'al)
1b1) to be made into
1b2) to be done, be wrought, be performed, be executed, be carried out
AVurmsa — Verb masculine singularAVurmsa
הָ (ha) — her.
Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person feminine singular
AR/Sp3fs — Preposition · suffixAR/Sp3fs