Ezra 6:11 — Word Study
WLCוּמִנִּי֮ שִׂ֣ים טְעֵם֒ דִּ֣י כָל־ אֱנָ֗שׁ דִּ֤י יְהַשְׁנֵא֙ פִּתְגָמָ֣א דְנָ֔ה יִתְנְסַ֥ח אָע֙ מִן־ בַּיְתֵ֔הּ וּזְקִ֖יף יִתְמְחֵ֣א עֲלֹ֑הִי וּבַיְתֵ֛הּ נְוָל֥וּ יִתְעֲבֵ֖ד עַל־ דְּנָֽה׃
BSAI alsomin decreesûwm [issue a command, make a formal declaration] thatdîy if anykôl manʼĕnâsh [human being, person] interferesshᵉnâʼ with thisdên [alters, changes] directivepithgâm [edict, official command] a beamʼâʻ [wood, timber] is to be tornnᵉçach△ [pulled away, ripped] frommin his housebayith [physical building, dwelling] and raised upzᵉqaph△ [lifted, set up] and he is to be impaledmᵉchâʼ [smitten, struck] on itʻal [the beam, the wood] And his own housebayith [dwelling, home] shall be madeʻăbad [turned into, transformed] ◂a pile of rubblenᵉvâlûw [dunghill, waste heap] forʻal this [offense]dên [this transgression]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וּמִנִּי֮ | and from me | Conjunction, preposition, suffix |
| שִׂ֣ים | it is made | Verb plural, third person masculine singular |
| טְעֵם֒ | a decree | Noun common, both singular absolute |
| דִּ֣י | that | Conjunction |
| כָל־ | every | Noun common, both singular construct |
| אֱנָ֗שׁ | person | Noun common, both singular absolute |
| דִּ֤י | who | Conjunction |
| יְהַשְׁנֵא֙ | he will violate | Verb, Hiphil, imperfect third person masculine singular |
| פִּתְגָמָ֣א | command the | Noun common both singular determined, particle |
| דְנָ֔ה | this | Particle |
| יִתְנְסַ֥ח | let it be pulled away | Verb third, person masculine singular |
| אָע֙ | a beam | Noun common, both singular absolute |
| מִן־ | from | Preposition |
| בַּיְתֵ֔הּ | house his | Noun common both singular construct, suffix |
| וּזְקִ֖יף | and [he will] be lifted up | Conjunction, verb masculine singular |
| יִתְמְחֵ֣א | let him be impaled | Verb third, person masculine singular |
| עֲלֹ֑הִי | on it | Preposition, suffix |
| וּבַיְתֵ֛הּ | and house his | Conjunction, noun common both singular construct, suffix |
| נְוָל֥וּ | a refuse-heap | Noun common, both singular absolute |
| יִתְעֲבֵ֖ד | let it be made | Verb third, person masculine singular |
| עַל־ | on | Preposition |
| דְּנָֽה׃ | this | Particle |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | I also decree that if any man interferes with this directive, a beam is to be torn from his house and raised up, and he is to be impaled on it. And his own house shall be made a pile of rubble for this offense. |
| KJV | Also I have made a decree, that whosoever shall alter this word, let timber be pulled down from his house, and being set up, let him be hanged thereon; and let his house be made a dunghill for this. |
| ASV | Also I have made a decree, that whosoever shall alter this word, let a beam be pulled out from his house, and let him be lifted up and fastened thereon; and let his house be made a dunghill for this: |
| YLT | 'And by me is made a decree, that any one who changeth this thing, let wood be pulled down from his house, and being raised up, let him be smitten on it, and his house let be made a dunghill for this. |
| WEB | I have also made a decree that whoever alters this message, let a beam be pulled out from his house, and let him be lifted up and fastened on it; and let his house be made a dunghill for this. |
| BBE | And I have given orders that if anyone makes any change in this word, one of the supports is to be pulled out of his house, and he is to be lifted up and fixed to it; and his house is to be made waste for this; |
Where they part company is דְנָ֔ה — see How Translations Differ.
The structure of the verse presents a main clause followed by several subordinate clauses detailing the consequences of disobedience.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Trapp, Ellicott & more — read them ›
clause
subjectאָע
verbשׁנה
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
2 of 22 occur nowhere else in the Old Testament — words chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Ezra 6:11
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Decree of Dariusgenerated
Ezra 6:11 records King Darius's decree, which outlines severe penalties for anyone who interferes with the rebuilding of the temple. The decree emphasizes the importance of the temple and the authority of the king, ensuring that the work proceeds without hindrance. This reflects the broader theme of restoration in Ezra, as the Jewish people return to their homeland and rebuild their sacred space.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ezra 7:26 | If anyone does not keep the law of your God and the law of the king, let a strict judgment be executed against him, whether death, banishment, confiscation of property, or imprisonment. |
| 2 | Esther 5:4 | “If it pleases the king,” Esther replied, “may the king and Haman come today to the banquet I have prepared for the king.” |
| 3 | Esther 7:10 | So they hanged Haman on the gallows he had prepared for Mordecai. Then the fury of the king subsided. |
| 4 | 2 Kings 9:37 | And Jezebel’s body will lie like dung in the field on the plot of ground at Jezreel, so that no one can say: This is Jezebel.’ ” |
| 5 | 2 Kings 10:27 | They also demolished the sacred pillar of Baal. Then they tore down the temple of Baal and made it into a latrine, which it is to this day. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 7 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — פִּתְגָמָ֣א, pit.ga.Ma'generated
The term פִּתְגָמָא (pit.ga.Ma') refers to a command or decree, often issued by someone in authority. It encompasses the idea of an official declaration that must be followed. The word is significant in this context as it underscores the seriousness of Darius's order regarding the temple.
This word is derived from Aramaic and can imply an edict or formal command. The parsing indicates that it is a noun in the singular form, emphasizing its role as a specific directive from the king.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against. The BSB uses decree, which aligns with the KJV and ASV, emphasizing the formal nature of Darius's command.
Where translations differ, they do so primarily over the rendering of דְנָ֔ה — de.Nah — which is rendered as this in most versions like the ASV and KJV, while the NETB opts for changes. The term אָע֙ — 'a' — is consistently translated as a beam in many versions, while timber appears in others.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb שִׂ֣ים, sim — it is made — governs the entire verse, with multiple clauses and phrases expanding on the consequences of disobeying the decree. The structure emphasizes the conditional nature of the punishment.
The main clause is followed by a series of subordinate clauses that detail the actions to be taken against those who violate the command, creating a clear hierarchy of consequences.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates פִּתְגָמָ֣א as ῥῆμα — rhema — indicating a spoken word or command. This choice highlights the authoritative nature of the decree, aligning with the Hebrew meaning of an official command.
The Greek word ἐμοῦ corresponds to the Hebrew וּמִנִּי֮, showing a direct connection to the authority behind the decree.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Ezra 6:11 contains a decree from King Darius that states if anyone interferes with the rebuilding of the temple, they will face severe punishment. This includes having a beam pulled from their house and being impaled on it, with their house turned into a refuse-heap. The verse emphasizes the seriousness of the king's command.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Darius's decree establishes that anyone who interferes with the rebuilding of the temple will face severe consequences, including physical punishment and destruction of their house.
The punishment is severe to deter any opposition to the rebuilding of the temple, highlighting its importance to the Jewish people and the authority of the king.
The term 'decree' implies a formal command issued by the king, which must be obeyed, reflecting the authority and power of Darius.
This verse connects to the theme of restoration by emphasizing the necessity of rebuilding the temple and the lengths to which the king will go to ensure that it is completed without interference.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What are the implications of Darius's decree for the Jewish community in Jerusalem?
- How does the severity of the punishment reflect the value placed on the temple?
- In what ways can we see authority being exercised in our own lives?
- What lessons can we learn from the importance of following directives in our communities?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
The early commentary from Bede discusses the implications of Darius's decree, emphasizing the severe punishment for altering the king's command.
Therefore, a decree was established by me, etc. The sense of the letter is clear: because he wished to impose the most severe punishment, if anyone attempted to change the decree of his religion;Early Church Fathers on Ezra 6 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Ezra 6:11 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAlso I have made a decree, that whosoever shall alter this word,.... Act contrary to this command, will not obey it, but as much as in him lies changes and revokes it: let timber be pulled down from
Read John Gill on Ezra 6 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAlso I have made a decree, that whosoever shall alter this word, let timber be pulled down from his house, and being set up, let him be hanged thereon; and let his house be made a dunghill for this.
Read Robert Jamieson on Ezra 6 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsEzra 6:11 Also I have made a decree, that whosoever shall alter this word, let timber be pulled down from his house, and being set up, let him be hanged thereon; and let his house be made a dunghill for this.Ver. 11. Let timber be pulled down from his house] 1. Let his house be pulled down for a penalty. The Popish Council of Toulouse called together against the Albigenses (those ancient Protestants) made this cruel constitution, We decree that that house, wherein is found a heretic, be pulled down to the ground. 2. Let that timber be set up for a gibbet, and let him be hanged thereon Chaldee, destroyed. Compare that of the apostle, 1 Corinthians 3:17, If any man destroy the temple of God…
Read John Trapp on Ezra 6 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(11) Alter this word seems to mean “violate this command,” since the alteration of a decree was a thing unheard of. Hanged is literally crucified. Among the Persians crucifixion was generally the nailing of a body to a cross after decapitation; among the Assyrians it was transfixion or impalement. Here the “being set up” refers of course to the man, and not to the beam.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Ezra 6 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 11. Let timber be pulled down] Whether this refers to the punishment of hanging and gibbeting of whipping at a post, or of empaling, is not quite clear. In China they tie culprits to posts; and the executioner cuts them open while alive, takes out their bowels, &c. Empaling thrusting a sharp stake through the body till it comes out at the side of the neck, or hanging, seems to be intended here. Let his house be made a dunghill] Let it be reduced to ruins, and never more used, except for the most sordid and unclean purposes.
Read AdamClarke on Ezra 6 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges11. The penalty. Also I have made a decree] The same words as in Ezra 6:8, Ezra 4:19. whosoever shall alter] See especially Daniel 6:15. The word ‘alter’ here probably includes infringement of the decree as well as alteration of its terms. let timber be pulled down] R.V. let a beam be pulled out, more correctly. The beams of the man’s own house should be the instruments of execution. and being set up, let him be hanged thereon] R.V. let him be lifted up and fastened thereon. The subject of both words is the malefactor. The punishment here referred to is probably that of impalement, to which allusion is frequently made in Assyrian and Persian inscriptions. It may indeed be a form of…
Read Cambridge on Ezra 6 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleBeing set up, let him be hanged thereon - Rather, “let him be lifted up and crucified upon it.” Crucifixion was the most common form of capital punishment among the Persians.
Read Albert Barnes on Ezra 6 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible11. Let him be hanged thereon — Or, fastened thereon, that is, crucified, or impaled, a mode of execution common among many ancient nations.See note on Esther 2:23.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Ezra 6 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
I also decree that if any man interferes with this directive, a beam is to be torn from his house and raised up, and he is to be impaled on it. And his own house shall be made a pile of rubble for this offense.
I have also made a decree that whoever alters this message, let a beam be pulled out from his house, and let him be lifted up and fastened on it; and let his house be made a dunghill for this.
I also decree that if any man interferes with this directive, a beam is to be torn from his house and raised up, and he is to be impaled on it. And his own house shall be made a pile of rubble for this offense.
“I hereby give orders that if anyone changes this directive a beam is to be pulled out from his house and he is to be raised up and impaled on it, and his house is to be reduced to a rubbish heap for this indiscretion.
Tyndale line
Also I have made a decree, that whosoever shall alter this word, let timber be pulled down from his house, and being set up, let him be hanged thereon; and let his house be made a dunghill for this.
Also I have made a decree, that whosoever shall alter this word, let a beam be pulled out from his house, and let him be lifted up and fastened thereon; and let his house be made a dunghill for this:
Also I have made a decree, that whosoever shall alter this word, let a beam be pulled out from his house, and let him be lifted up and fastened thereon; and let his house be made a dunghill for this:
Also I have made a decree, that whoever shall alter this word, let timber be pulled down from his house, and being set up, let him be hanged upon it; and let his house be made a dunghill for this.
And I haue made a decree, that whosoeuer shall alter this sentence, the wood shall be pulled downe from his house, and shall be set vp, and he shalbe hanged thereon, and his house shalbe made a dunghill for this.
Strictly literal
Also I have given order that whosoever shall alter this rescript, let timber be pulled down from his house, and being set up, let him be hanged thereon, and let his house be made a dunghill for this.
'And by me is made a decree, that any one who changeth this thing, let wood be pulled down from his house, and being raised up, let him be smitten on it, and his house let be made a dunghill for this.
And a decree is made by me, that anyone who changes this thing, let wood be pulled down from his house, and being raised up, let him be struck on it, and let his house be made a dunghill for this.
Also is by me the order given, that if any man should alter this command, timber shall be pulled down from his house, and being set up, he shall be hanged thereon; and his house shall be made a dunghill for this.
I am ordering that if anyone violates this decree, a beam must be pulled from his house and he must be impaled on it. His house must then be turned into a rubbish heap because of this.
From the Latin
And I have made a decree: That if any whosoever, shall alter this commandment, a beam be taken from his house. and set up, and he be nailed upon it, and his house be confiscated.
Simplified
Further I declare that if any man interferes with this decree, a beam is to be ripped from his house and set in the ground, and he is to be impaled on top of it. His own house shall be turned into a pile of rubble for disobeying this decree.
And I have given orders that if anyone makes any change in this word, one of the supports is to be pulled out of his house, and he is to be lifted up and fixed to it; and his house is to be made waste for this;
Word by word, the decisions they made
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text of Ezra 6:11 states that if any man interferes with the directive, a beam is to be torn from his house and he is to be impaled on it, with his house becoming a pile of rubble. The Septuagint closely aligns with the Masoretic Text, matching 19 out of 22 words, though it presents the information with its own word order and articles. The Samaritan Pentateuch and the Dead Sea Scrolls do not provide additional evidence for this verse in this instance, so no differences can be noted from those sources.
וּמִנִּי֮ שִׂ֣ים טְעֵם֒ דִּ֣י כָל־ אֱנָ֗שׁ דִּ֤י יְהַשְׁנֵא֙ פִּתְגָמָ֣א דְנָ֔ה יִתְנְסַ֥ח אָע֙ מִן־ בַּיְתֵ֔הּ וּזְקִ֖יף יִתְמְחֵ֣א עֲלֹ֑הִי וּבַיְתֵ֛הּ נְוָל֥וּ יִתְעֲבֵ֖ד עַל־ דְּנָֽה׃
19 of the 22 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Ezra 6:11
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
מִן (min) is a preposition meaning 'from' or 'out of,' and it covers a range of uses including source, reason, and comparison. It can indicate physical origin, temporal aspects, or causation. The entries agree on its various applications, with no significant disagreement noted.
מִן prep. from, out of, by, by reason of, at, more then
base
H4481 מִן
4481 min min
(Aramaic) corresponding to 4480:--according, after, +
because, + before, by, for, from, X him, X more than, (out)
of, part, since, X these, to, upon, + when.
see HEBREW for 04480
מִן־ (min) — from.
1) from, out of, by, by reason of, at, more than
1a) from, out of (of place)
1b) from, by, as a result of, by reason of, at, according to, (of source)
1c) from (of time)
1d) beyond, more than (in comparisons)
Adj | N-mp | Suff — Conjunction · preposition · suffixAC/R/Sp1bs
The Hebrew word שׂוּם (suwm) means to set, make, or appoint. It includes various nuances such as to fix or lay down a decree. The entries indicate that it can be used in different grammatical forms, including P'al and Ithp'al, suggesting both active and passive meanings.
[שׂוּם], שִׂים vb. set, make
Pe.
make
make, appoint
set, fix
Pe‛îl from me a decree is made
Hithpe. be made
base
H7761 שׂוּם, שִׂים
7761 suwm soom
(Aramaic) corresponding to 7760:--+ command, give, lay,
make, + name, + regard, set.
see HEBREW for 07760
שׂוּם (sum) — to set: make.
1) to set, make, appoint
1a) (P'al)
1a1) to make, make decree, setout (decree)
1a2) to make, appoint
1a3) to set, fix
1b) (Ithp'al) to be made, be set, be laid
שׂוּם (sum) — to set: put/give.
1) to set, make, appoint
1a) (P'al)
1a1) to make, make decree, setout (decree)
1a2) to make, appoint
1a3) to set, fix
1b) (Ithp'al) to be made, be set, be laid
שׂוּם (sum) — to set: appoint.
1) to set, make, appoint
1a) (P'al)
1a1) to make, make decree, setout (decree)
1a2) to make, appoint
1a3) to set, fix
1b) (Ithp'al) to be made, be set, be laid
Adj — Verb plural · third person masculine singularAVQp3ms
טְעֵם (t`em) refers to taste and judgment, encompassing both subjective and objective aspects. It can also denote a command or report. The word is derived from related roots, indicating a range of meanings that includes flavor, wisdom, and decree.
טְעֵם 30 n.m. taste, judgment, command
base
H2942 טְעֵם, טַעַם
2942 t`em teh-ame'
(Aramaic) from 2939, and equivalent to 2941; properly,
flavor; figuratively, judgment (both subjective and
objective); hence, account (both subj. and obj.):--+
chancellor, + command, commandment, decree, + regard, taste,
wisdom.
see HEBREW for 02939
see HEBREW for 02941
טְעֵם (te.em) — command.
1) report, taste
1a) taste
1b) report
ANcbsa — Noun common · both singular absoluteANcbsa
דִּי (diy) is an Aramaic word meaning 'that,' functioning as a relative conjunction and a preposition in various contexts. It can indicate relationships such as 'who,' 'which,' or 'because,' and is used in adverbial phrases. The entries highlight its role in connecting clauses and marking possession.
דִּי part. of relation, who, which, that, used also as mark of gen. and conj. that, because
base
H1768 דִּי
1768 diy dee
(Aramaic) apparently for 1668; that, used as relative
conjunction, and especially (with a preposition) in adverbial
phrases; also as preposition of:--X as, but, for(-asmuch +), +
now, of, seeing, than, that, therefore, until, + what
(-soever), when, which, whom, whose.
see HEBREW for 01668
דִּי (di) — that.
part of relation
1) who, which, that
mark of genitive
2) that of, which belongs to, that
conj
3) that, because
Adj — ConjunctionAC
כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It encompasses meanings such as every, any, and none. The term is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, indicating totality or completeness.
כֹּל, כָּל־ n.m. the whole, all
base
H3606 כֹּל, כָּל־
3606 kol kole
(Aramaic) corresponding to 3605:--all, any, + (forasmuch) as,
+ be-(for this) cause, every, + no (manner, -ne), + there
(where)-fore, + though, what (where, who)-soever, (the) whole.
see HEBREW for 03605
כֹּל (kol) — all.
1) all, whole, the whole
1a) the whole of, all
1b) every, any, none
Adj — Noun common · both singular constructANcbsc
אֱנָשׁ (enash) refers to a man or human being, and can also denote mankind collectively. It is related to the Aramaic term for human, אֱנוֹשׁ (enosh). The entries consistently emphasize its meaning as a representation of humanity.
אֱנָשׁ n.m. man, mankind
base
H606 אֱנָשׁ
606 'enash en-awsh'
(Aramaic) or renash (Aramaic) {en-ash'}; corresponding to
582; a man:--man, + whosoever.
see HEBREW for 0582
אֱנָשׁ (e.nash) — man.
1) man, human being
2) mankind (collective)
Aramaic of e.nosh (אֱנוֹשׁ "human" H0582)
Adj — Noun common · both singular absoluteANcbsa
דִּי (diy) is an Aramaic word meaning 'that,' functioning as a relative conjunction and a preposition in various contexts. It can indicate relationships such as 'who,' 'which,' or 'because,' and is used in adverbial phrases. The entries highlight its role in connecting clauses and marking possession.
דִּי part. of relation, who, which, that, used also as mark of gen. and conj. that, because
base
H1768 דִּי
1768 diy dee
(Aramaic) apparently for 1668; that, used as relative
conjunction, and especially (with a preposition) in adverbial
phrases; also as preposition of:--X as, but, for(-asmuch +), +
now, of, seeing, than, that, therefore, until, + what
(-soever), when, which, whom, whose.
see HEBREW for 01668
דִּי (di) — that.
part of relation
1) who, which, that
mark of genitive
2) that of, which belongs to, that
conj
3) that, because
AC — ConjunctionAC
שְׁנָא (shna') means to change or be altered, with various forms indicating different aspects of change, such as transformation or frustration. The word appears in Aramaic and is related to the Hebrew word for change, שָׁנָה (shanah). It encompasses a range of meanings from simple alteration to more complex transformations.
[שְׁנָא] vb. change
Pe. intrans. change, be changed
Pa. trans. change
Ithpa. be changed
Haph. trans. change, alter
base
H8133 שְׁנָא
8133 shna' shen-aw'
(Aramaic) corresponding to 8132:--alter, change, (be)
diverse.
see HEBREW for 08132
שְׁנָא (she.na) — to change.
1) to change, be altered, be changed
1a) (P'al) to change, be changed
1b) (Pael) to change, transform, frustrate
1b1) different (participle)
1c) (Ithpael) to be changed
1d) (Aphel) to change, alter
Adj — Verb · Hiphil · imperfect third person masculine singularAVhi3ms
פִּתְגָם (pithgam) refers to a command, word, or decree in Aramaic. It encompasses meanings such as an answer, letter, or matter. The entries indicate that it is related to the Hebrew word for 'word' and covers a range of uses in official contexts.
פִּתְגָם n.m. command, word, affair
base
H6600 פִּתְגָם, פִּתְגָּם
6600 pithgam pith-gawm'
(Aramaic) corresponding to 6599; a word, answer, letter or
decree:--answer, letter, matter, word.
see HEBREW for 06599
פִּתְגָם (pit.gam) — edict.
1) command, work, affair, decree
1a) word, report
1b) decree
Adj | Art — Noun common both singular determined · particleANcbsd/Ta
דְּנָה (denah) is an Aramaic word meaning 'this' and is used as a demonstrative pronoun. It can also imply 'therefore' or 'on account of this.' The entries indicate that it is an orthographical variation of another word, דָּן (dan), but do not provide specific Old Testament references.
דְּנָה 57 demonstr.pr.comm. this
base
H1836 דְּנָה, דֵּן
1836 den dane
(Aramaic) an orthographical variation of 1791; this:--
(afore-)time, + after this manner, here (-after),
one...another, such, there(-fore), these, this (matter), +
thus, where(-fore), which.
see HEBREW for 01791
דְּנָה (de.nah) — this.
demons pron
1) this, on account of this
adv
2) therefore
Adj — ParticleATm
נְסַח (nesach) means to pull or tear away, with a specific form indicating being torn away. It appears in Ezra 6:11, where it is used in the Hithpael form, suggesting a reflexive action. The word is related to the Aramaic root for pulling down.
[נְסַח] vb. pull away;—Hithpe. be pulled away: Ezr 6:11
ref
H5256 נְסַח
5256 ncach nes-akh'
(Aramaic) corresponding to 5255:--pull down.
see HEBREW for 05255
נְסַח (ne.sach) — to pull away.
1) to pull or tear away
1a) (Ithp'al) to be torn away
Adj — Verb third · person masculine singularAVui3ms
The Hebrew word אָע (*a` aw*) refers to wood, timber, or beam. It is an Aramaic term that corresponds to the Hebrew word for tree, עֵץ (*ets*), which is represented by Strong's H6086. The entries consistently emphasize its meaning related to wood.
H636 אָע
636 'a` aw
(Aramaic) corresponding to 6086; a tree or wood:--timber,
wood.
see HEBREW for 06086
אָע (a) — wood.
wood, beam, timber
Aramaic of ets (עֵץ ": wood" H6086)
Adj — Noun common · both singular absoluteANcbsa
bem: The word is used to translate various Old Testament terms:
(1) gebh (1Ki 6:9), tsela`, "a rib" (1Ki 7:3), qurah (2Ch 3:7; 34:11; So 1:17), all refer to constructional beams used in buildings for roofing and upper floors, main beams being carried on pillars generally of wood. The last term is used in 2Ki 6:2,5 ("as one was felling a beam") of trees which were being cut into logs. A related form is qarah (used of the Creator, Ps 104:3; of building, Ne 2:8; 3:3,6). Yet another term, kaphim, is used in
Beam
Occurs in the Authorized Version as the rendering of various Hebrew words. In 1 Sam. 17:7, it means a weaver’s frame or principal beam; in Hab. 2:11, a crossbeam or girder; 2 Kings 6:2, 5, a cross-piece or rafter of a house; 1 Kings 7:6, an architectural ornament as a projecting step or moulding; Ezek. 41:25, a thick plank. In the New Testament the word occurs only in Matt. 7:3, 4, 5, and Luke 6:41, 42, where it means (Gr. dokos) a large piece of wood used for building purposes, as contrasted with “mote” (Gr.…
מִן (min) is a preposition meaning 'from' or 'out of,' and it covers a range of uses including source, reason, and comparison. It can indicate physical origin, temporal aspects, or causation. The entries agree on its various applications, with no significant disagreement noted.
מִן prep. from, out of, by, by reason of, at, more then
base
H4481 מִן
4481 min min
(Aramaic) corresponding to 4480:--according, after, +
because, + before, by, for, from, X him, X more than, (out)
of, part, since, X these, to, upon, + when.
see HEBREW for 04480
מִן־ (min) — from.
1) from, out of, by, by reason of, at, more than
1a) from, out of (of place)
1b) from, by, as a result of, by reason of, at, according to, (of source)
1c) from (of time)
1d) beyond, more than (in comparisons)
Adj — PrepositionAR
בַּ֫יִת (bayith) means 'house' and can refer to both a physical dwelling and a metaphorical house, such as the house of God. It is derived from a related Aramaic term and is used frequently in the Old Testament.
[בַּ֫יִת] 44 n.m. house
base
H1005 בַּ֫יִת
1005 bayith bah-yith
(Aramaic) corresponding to 1004:--house.
see HEBREW for 01004
בַּ֫יִת (ba.yit) — house.
1) house (of men)
2) house (of God)
Adj | Suff — Noun common both singular construct · suffixANcbsc/Sp3fs
זְקַף (zqaph) means to raise or lift up, with a specific usage in Aramaic. It is related to the Hebrew word זָקַף (za.qaph), which shares a similar meaning. The only Old Testament reference noted is in Ezra 6:11.
[זְקַף] vb. raise, lift up;—Pe. Ezr 6:11
ref
H2211 זְקַף
2211 zqaph zek-af'
(Aramaic) corresponding to 2210; to hang, i.e. impale:--set
up.
see HEBREW for 02210
זְקַף (ze.qaph) — to raise.
(P'al) to raise, lift up
Aramaic of za.qaph (זָקַף "to raise" H2210)
Adj | V-Q-Inf-c — Conjunction · verb masculine singularAC/VQrmsa
מְחָא (mcha') is a Hebrew verb meaning to strike or smite. It can also imply hindering or allowing to be struck, with various forms indicating different nuances of action. The word is linked to the Aramaic root for striking in pieces and includes meanings like impaling or hanging.
[מְחָא] vb. smite
Pe.
Pa. i.e. hinder him
Hithpa. let him be smitten
base
H4223 מְחָא
4223 mcha' mekh-aw'
(Aramaic) corresponding to 4222; to strike in pieces; also to
arrest; specifically to impale:--hang, smite, stay.
see HEBREW for 04222
מְחָא (me.ach) — to smite.
1) to strike, smite, kill
1a) (P'al) to strike
1b) (Pael) to hinder
1c) (Ithp'al) to allow to be stricken
Adj — Verb third · person masculine singularAVui3ms
עַל (al) is a preposition meaning 'upon,' 'over,' or 'against.' It covers a range of uses, including direction, comparison, and causation. The entries indicate it can express relationships concerning location, purpose, or authority. There is a note that it corresponds to the Aramaic term related to another Hebrew word, עַל (H5921), but no significant disagreement among lexicons is noted.
עַל prep. upon, over, on account of, above, to, against
base
H5922 עַל
5922 `al al
(Aramaic) corresponding to 5921:--about, against,
concerning, for, (there-)fore, from, in, X more, of, (there-,
up-)on, (in-)to, + why with.
see HEBREW for 05921
עַל (al) — since.
1) upon, over, on account of, above, to, against
1a) upon, over, on account of, regarding, concerning, on behalf of
1b) over (with verbs of ruling)
1c) above, beyond (in comparison)
1d) to, against (of direction)
Adj | Suff — Preposition · suffixAR/Sp3ms
בַּ֫יִת (bayith) means 'house' and can refer to both a physical dwelling and a metaphorical house, such as the house of God. It is derived from a related Aramaic term and is used frequently in the Old Testament.
[בַּ֫יִת] 44 n.m. house
base
H1005 בַּ֫יִת
1005 bayith bah-yith
(Aramaic) corresponding to 1004:--house.
see HEBREW for 01004
בַּ֫יִת (ba.yit) — house.
1) house (of men)
2) house (of God)
Adj | N-ms | Suff — Conjunction · noun common both singular construct · suffixAC/Ncbsc/Sp3fs
נְוָלוּ (nvaluw) refers to a refuse-heap or dunghill, indicating something foul or base. The word is derived from an unused root that likely means to be foul. It appears in Aramaic contexts, as noted in the entries.
נְוָלוּ, נְוָלִי n.f. refuse-heap
base
H5122 נְוָלוּ, נְוָלִי
5122 nvaluw nev-aw-loo'
(Aramaic) or nvaliy (Aramaic) {nev-aw-lee'}; from an unused
root probably meaning to be foul; a sink:--dunghill.
נְוָלוּ (ne.va.lu) — dunghill.
refuse-heap, dunghill, outhouse
Adj — Noun common · both singular absoluteANcbsa
hep (`aremah, gal, nedh, tel): "Heap" appears
(1) in the simple sense of a gathering or pile, as the translation of `aremah, a "heap," in Ru 3:7 of grain; Ne 4:2 of stones; in 2Ch 31:6, etc., of the tithes, etc.; of chomer (boiling up), a "heap"; in Ex 8:14 of frogs; of gal, a "heap"; in Job 8:17 of stones.
(2) As indicating "ruin," "waste," gal (2Ki 19:25; Job 15:28; Isa 25:2; 37:26; Jer 9:11; 51:37); me`i (
Heap
When Joshua took the city of Ai (Josh. 8), he burned it and “made it an heap [Heb. tel] for ever” (8:28). The ruins of this city were for a long time sought for in vain. It has been at length, however, identified with the mound which simply bears the name of “Tel.” “There are many Tels in modern Palestine, that land of Tels, each Tel with some other name attached to it to mark the former site. But the site of Ai has no other name ’unto this day.’ It is simply et-Tel, ‘the heap’ par excellence.”
עֲבַד (abad) primarily means to make or do. It encompasses actions such as creating, performing, or executing tasks. The word can also imply a state of being made or done, as noted in its various forms. The entries do not indicate any significant disagreement among lexicons.
עֲבַד vb. make, do
Pe.
make
do
Hithpe.
be made into
be done, wrought
base
H5648 עֲבַד
5648 `abad ab-bad'
(Aramaic) corresponding to 5647; to do, make, prepare, keep,
etc.:--X cut, do, execute, go on, make, move, work.
see HEBREW for 05647
עֲבַד (a.vad) — to make.
1) to make, do
1a)(P'al)
1a1) to make, create
1a2) to do, perform
1b) (Ithp'al)
1b1) to be made into
1b2) to be done, be wrought, be performed, be executed, be carried out
Adj — Verb third · person masculine singularAVui3ms
עַל (al) is a preposition meaning 'upon,' 'over,' or 'against.' It covers a range of uses, including direction, comparison, and causation. The entries indicate it can express relationships concerning location, purpose, or authority. There is a note that it corresponds to the Aramaic term related to another Hebrew word, עַל (H5921), but no significant disagreement among lexicons is noted.
עַל prep. upon, over, on account of, above, to, against
base
H5922 עַל
5922 `al al
(Aramaic) corresponding to 5921:--about, against,
concerning, for, (there-)fore, from, in, X more, of, (there-,
up-)on, (in-)to, + why with.
see HEBREW for 05921
עַל (al) — since.
1) upon, over, on account of, above, to, against
1a) upon, over, on account of, regarding, concerning, on behalf of
1b) over (with verbs of ruling)
1c) above, beyond (in comparison)
1d) to, against (of direction)
Adj — PrepositionAR
On
Light; the sun, (Gen. 41:45, 50), the great seat of sun-worship, called also Bethshemesh (Jer. 43:13) and Aven (Ezek. 30:17), stood on the east bank of the Nile, a few miles north of Memphis, and near Cairo, in the north-east. The Vulgate and the LXX. Versions have “Heliopolis” (“city of the sun”) instead of On in Genesis and of Aven in Ezekiel. The “city of destruction” Isaiah speaks of (19:18, marg. “of Heres;” Heb. ‘Ir-ha-heres, which some MSS. read Ir-ha-heres, i.e., “city of the sun”) may be the name given to On, the prophecy being that the time will come when that city which was known as the “city of the sun-god” shall become the “city of destruction” of the sun-god, i.e., when idolatry shall cease, and the worship…
(abode or city of the sun), a town of lower Egypt, called BETH-SHEMESH in (Jeremiah 43:13) On is better known under its Greek name Heliopolis. It was situated on the east side of the Pelusiac branch of the Nile, just below the point of the Delta, and about twenty miles northeast of Memphis. The chief object of worship at Heliopolis was the sun, whose temple, described by Strabo, is now only represented by the single beautiful obelisk, of red granite so feet 2 inches high above the pedestal which has stood for more than 4000 years, having been erected by Usirtesen, the second king of the twelfth dynasty. Heliopolis was anciently famous for its learning, and Eudoxus and Plato studied under its priests. The first mention of this place in the Bible is in the history of Joseph, to whom we read Pharaoh gave "to wife Asenath the daughter…
See HELIOPOLIS.
pain; force; iniquity
דְּנָה (denah) is an Aramaic word meaning 'this' and is used as a demonstrative pronoun. It can also imply 'therefore' or 'on account of this.' The entries indicate that it is an orthographical variation of another word, דָּן (dan), but do not provide specific Old Testament references.
דְּנָה 57 demonstr.pr.comm. this
base
H1836 דְּנָה, דֵּן
1836 den dane
(Aramaic) an orthographical variation of 1791; this:--
(afore-)time, + after this manner, here (-after),
one...another, such, there(-fore), these, this (matter), +
thus, where(-fore), which.
see HEBREW for 01791
דְּנָה (de.nah) — this.
demons pron
1) this, on account of this
adv
2) therefore
Adj — ParticleATm