1 Kings 6:9 — Word Study
WLCוַיִּ֥בֶן אֶת־ הַבַּ֖יִת וַיְכַלֵּ֑הוּ וַיִּסְפֹּ֤ן אֶת־ הַבַּ֙יִת֙ גֵּבִ֔ים וּשְׂדֵרֹ֖ת בָּאֲרָזִֽים׃
BSASo [Solomon] builtbânâh▸ [the king, son of David, constructed, established] the templebayith [a dwelling place for God, the house of worship] and finished itkâlâh▸ [completed, ended] roofingçâphan▸ [covering, overlaying] itbayith with beamsgêb [rafters, logs] and plankssᵉdêrâh [boards, rows] of cedarʼerez [a strong and durable wood]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וַיִּ֥בֶן | and he built | Verb, Qal, sequential imperfect third person masculine singular |
| אֶת־ | the object marker | Particle |
| הַבַּ֖יִת | the house | Particle, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| וַיְכַלֵּ֑הוּ | and he finished it | Verb piel sequential imperfect third person masculine singular, suffix |
| וַיִּסְפֹּ֤ן | and he covered | Verb, Qal, sequential imperfect third person masculine singular |
| אֶת־ | the object marker | Particle |
| הַבַּ֙יִת֙ | the house | Particle, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| גֵּבִ֔ים | beams | Noun common, masculine plural absolute |
| וּשְׂדֵרֹ֖ת | and planks | Conjunction, noun common feminine plural absolute |
| בָּאֲרָזִֽים׃ | with cedar | Preposition, noun common masculine plural absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | So Solomon built the temple and finished it, roofing it with beams and planks of cedar. |
| KJV | So he built the house, and finished it; and covered the house with beams and boards of cedar. |
| ASV | So he built the house, and finished it; and he covered the house with beams and planks of cedar. |
| YLT | And he buildeth the house, and completeth it, and covereth the house [with] beams and rows of cedars. |
| WEB | So he built the house and finished it; and he covered the house with beams and planks of cedar. |
| BBE | So he put up the house and made it complete, roofing it with boards of cedar-wood. |
The translations agree on the key actions of building and finishing the temple, reflecting the significance of Solomon's work.
The sentence structure presents a main action followed by subordinate phrases that detail the completion of the temple.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbבָּנָה
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 1 Kings 6:9
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Construction of the Templegenerated
1 Kings 6:9 describes Solomon's completion of the temple, a monumental achievement that served as a dwelling place for God. This event marks a pivotal moment in Israel's religious and cultural history, as the temple became central to worship and community life. The context includes details about the temple's structure and its significance, as seen in the surrounding verses, which highlight the meticulous craftsmanship involved in its construction.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 Kings 6:14–38 | So Solomon built the temple and finished it. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 1 reference, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — בָּנָה, vai.Yi.vengenerated
The Hebrew word בָּנָה (banah) means 'to build' and encompasses various forms such as establishing or repairing. It is used in contexts ranging from constructing physical structures to metaphorical uses, such as building a family or community.
In this verse, it indicates Solomon's active role in constructing the temple, highlighting the importance of this act in the life of Israel. The verb is in the sequential imperfect tense, indicating an ongoing action that culminates in the completion of the temple.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, which uses built and finished consistently with the KJV and ASV, maintaining the original meaning of the Hebrew.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb וַיִּ֥בֶן (vai.Yi.ven) governs the main clause, indicating that Solomon built the temple. The structure includes additional phrases that elaborate on the actions taken: what was built, how it was finished, and the materials used.
The sentence structure emphasizes the sequence of actions, with subordinate clauses detailing the roofing process and the materials, highlighting the meticulous nature of the construction.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates בָּנָה as ᾠκοδόμησεν (oikodomēsen), which also means 'to build' but carries a connotation of establishing or creating something new. This choice reflects a continuity in meaning while also suggesting a broader sense of establishing a place for divine presence.
This translation aligns closely with the Hebrew, maintaining the focus on the physical and spiritual significance of the temple.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
1 Kings 6:9 tells us that Solomon built the temple and finished it by covering it with beams and planks of cedar. This construction was a significant act in Israel's history, establishing a dwelling place for God and marking a moment of dedication and worship.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It signifies the establishment of a central place of worship for the Israelites, where they could meet with God and offer sacrifices.
Cedar is known for its strength and durability, making it a fitting choice for the construction of a sacred building meant to last.
It indicates that the construction was completed according to God's specifications, fulfilling the promise of a permanent dwelling place for His presence.
It highlights Solomon's wisdom and dedication to God, as well as the importance of the temple in the life of Israel during his reign.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What significance does the temple hold in my understanding of worship today?
- How can I apply the principles of careful planning and execution seen in Solomon's construction to my own projects?
- In what ways can I honor God with the things I build or create in my life?
- How does understanding the historical context of the temple enhance my appreciation of its spiritual significance?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
The early Church Fathers commented on the significance of the temple's construction, emphasizing its beauty and divine purpose as a dwelling for God.
Ceilings are boardwork constructed and adorned with great beauty and fixed to the beams on the lower side, and because the house of the Lord had been built three times the double height, naturally it had three ceilings.Early Church Fathers on 1 Kings 6 →
"He also covered the house with cedar ceilings." [1 Kings 6:9] The term "He also covered the house with cedar ceilings" refers to the timber-frame ceilings that,Early Church Fathers on 1 Kings 6 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 1 Kings 6:9 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleSo he built the house, and finished it,.... The body of it, the walls of the holy and most holy place, with the chambers on the sides of them, and the porch at the end that led into them: and covered
Read John Gill on 1 Kings 6 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentarySo he built the house, and finished it; and covered the house with beams and boards of cedar. Built the house. The temple is here distinguished from the wings or chambers attached to it, and its roofing was of cedar wood.
Read Robert Jamieson on 1 Kings 6 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleHe built the house, and finished it, to wit, the bulk and the body of the house. Covered the house, or, the house i.e. the top of the house, for the like is said of the sides and bottom, , even the beams and boards, ( or, the vault-beams and the ceilings; the arched beams and boards wherewith the top of the house was covered, which was made of other wood, which was more pliable than cedar, and would better endure bowing and bending,) with cedars.
Read Matthew Poole on 1 Kings 6 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments1 Kings 6:9 So he built the house, and finished it; and covered the house with beams and boards of cedar.Ver. 9. So he built the house.] Epilogus est praecedentium. And boards of cedar.] Which boards were also covered with lead without, and gold within. Vatab.
Read John Trapp on 1 Kings 6 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(9) And covered—that is, roofed the house with a roof of cedar beams and boarding thereon. Some have supposed that he “covered” the outside walls with cedar, so that the whole should still look like a wooden tabernacle; but this is not necessarily implied, and is in itself unlikely.
Read Charles John Ellicott on 1 Kings 6 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 9. Covered the house with beams and boards of cedar.] The Eastern custom is very different from ours: we ceil with plaster, and make our floors of wood; they make their floors of plaster or painted tiles, and make their ceilings of wood. But it may not be improper to observe that, in ancient times, our buildings were somewhat similar. Westminster Hall is a proof of this.
Read AdamClarke on 1 Kings 6 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges9. So he built the house] i.e. The Temple building. The next verse speaks of the enclosing framework of chambers. What was now finished was the portion for divine service. and covered the house] i.e. Made the roof for it. On this roof, see Fergusson, Temples of the Jews, pp. 19 seqq., where the author shews that the covering of the Tabernacle was made with a ridge and sloped to both sides, and that the cedar beams and boards (R.V. planks) spoken of in this verse were to imitate, as nearly as could be done in wood, the Tabernacle roof. Mr Fergusson has suggested (p. 28) that there were most probably pillars inside the Temple to support the beams of the roof. ‘No cedar beams that were…
Read Cambridge on 1 Kings 6 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleHe built the house, and finished it - i. e., the external shell of the house. The internal fittings were added afterward. See 1 Kings 6:15-22. Covered the house - Roofed it with a wooden roof, sloped like our roofs.
Read Albert Barnes on 1 Kings 6 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
So Solomon built the temple and finished it, roofing it with beams and planks of cedar.
So he built the house and finished it; and he covered the house with beams and planks of cedar.
So Solomon built the temple and finished it, roofing it with beams and planks of cedar.
He finished building the temple and covered it with rafters and boards made of cedar.
Tyndale line
So he built the house, and finished it; and covered the house with beams and boards of cedar.
So he built the house, and finished it; and he covered the house with beams and planks of cedar.
So he built the house, and finished it; and he covered the house with beams and planks of cedar.
So he built the house and finished it; and covered the house with beams and boards of cedar.
So he built the house and finished it, and sieled the house being vawted with sieling of cedar trees.
Strictly literal
And he built the house, and finished it; and covered the house with beams and boards of cedar.
And he buildeth the house, and completeth it, and covereth the house [with] beams and rows of cedars.
And he builds the house, and completes it, and covers the house [with] beams and rows of cedars.
So he built the house, and finished it; and covered the house with hollow tiles, and with boards of cedar.
So Solomon built the temple and finished it; he covered the house with beams and planks of cedar.
From the Latin
So he built the house, and finished it: and he covered the house with roofs of cedar.
Simplified
So Solomon finished building the Temple, covering it with a roof made of cedar rafters and planks.
So he put up the house and made it complete, roofing it with boards of cedar-wood.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint show agreement in the core actions of the verse, with the Masoretic Text providing the Hebrew words and the Septuagint offering a Greek rendering that captures the essential meaning. The Septuagint's word order and articles differ, but the key elements remain consistent.
וַיִּ֥בֶן אֶת־ הַבַּ֖יִת וַיְכַלֵּ֑הוּ וַיִּסְפֹּ֤ן אֶת־ הַבַּ֙יִת֙ גֵּבִ֔ים וּשְׂדֵרֹ֖ת בָּאֲרָזִֽים׃
6 of the 10 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 1 Kings 6:9
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word בָּנָה (banah) means "to build" and encompasses various forms such as rebuilding, establishing, and making permanent. It can refer to physical construction, like building a house or family, as well as metaphorical uses, such as the establishment of restored exiles. The entries indicate that it can also imply being built up, particularly in the context of a childless wife becoming a mother.
בָּנָה 373 vb. build
Qal build
Niph.
be built
be rebuilt
(fig.) of restored exiles, = established
established, made permanent
base
H1129 בָּנָה build .build
.. . be built
. be rebuilt
. . (fig.) of restored exiles, = established
. established, made permanent
1129 banah baw-naw'
a primitive root; to build (literally and
figuratively):--(begin to) build(-er), obtain children, make,
repair, set (up), X surely.
בָּנָה (ba.nah) — to build.
1) to build, rebuild, establish, cause to continue
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to build, rebuild
1a2) to build a house (ie, establish a family)
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be built
1b2) to be rebuilt
1b3) established (of restored exiles) (fig.)
1b4) established (made permanent)
1b5) to be built up (of childless wife becoming the mother of a family through the children of a concubine)
Aramaic equivalent: be.nah (בְּנָה "to build" H1124)
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect third person masculine singularHc/Vqw3ms
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HTo — ParticleHTo
The Hebrew word בַּיִת (*bayith*) means 'house' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including dwelling, family, and place. It can refer to physical structures, such as homes and temples, as well as metaphorical uses like the body or household affairs. The word is built from the root related to 'between' and appears in various contexts throughout the Old Testament.
בֵּית fem. of בַּיִן, בֵּין prep. between
base
בַּ֫יִת 2034 n.m. house
house
place
receptacle
of house as containing a family
household, family (592 t.)
house, including household affairs
lit. housewards, hence metaph. inwards
מִבַּיִת
adv. on the inside
prep. within
base
H1004a בֵּית fem. of בַּיִן, בֵּין prep. between H1004b בַּ֫יִת house
1004 bayith bah'-yith
probably from 1129 abbreviated; a house (in the greatest
variation of applications, especially family, etc.):--court,
daughter, door, + dungeon, family, + forth of, X great as
would contain, hangings, home(born), (winter)house(-hold),
inside(-ward), palace, place, + prison, + steward, + tablet,
temple, web, + within(-out).
see HEBREW for 01129
בֵּית (bet) — place.
nm
place, origin, between
בַּ֫יִת (ba.yit) — house: home.
: home/temple/building
nm
1) house
1a) house, dwelling habitation
1b) shelter or abode of animals
1c) human bodies (fig.)
1d) of Sheol
1e) of abode of light and darkness
1f) of land of Ephraim
2) place
3) receptacle
4) home, house as containing a family
5) household, family
5a) those belonging to the same household
5b) family of descendants, descendants as organized body
6) household affairs
7) inwards (metaph.)
8) (TWOT) temple
adv
9) on the inside
prep
10) within
בַּ֫יִת (ba.yit) — Beth-(ashbea).
nm
This name is used for a house, habitation
Combined with ash.be.a (אַשְׁבֵּעַ "Ashbea" H0791)
בַּ֫יִת (ba.yit) — Beth (Haggan).
nm
This name is used for a house, habitation
Combined with hag (גַּן "Haggan" H1588)
בַּ֫יִת (ba.yit) — Beth-(togarmah).
nm
This name is used for a house, habitation
Art | N-ms — Particle · noun common masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ncmsa
hous (bayith; oikos, in classical Greek generally "an estate," oikia, oikema (literally, "habitation"), in Ac 12:1, "prison"):
I. CAVE DWELLINGS
II. STONE-BUILT AND MUD/BRICK-BUILT HOUSES
1. Details of Plan and Construction
(1) Corner-Stone
(2) Floor
(3) Gutter
(4) Door
(5) Hinge
(6) Lock and Key
(7) Threshold
(8) Hearth
(9) Window
(10) Roof
2. Houses of More than One Story
(1) Upper Chambers and Stairs
(2) Palaces and Castles
3. Internal Appearance
III. OTHER MEANINGS
LITERATURE
I. Cave Dwellings.
The earliest permanent habitations of the prehistoric inhabitants of Palestine were the natural caves which abound throughout the country. As the people increased and grouped themselves into communities, these abodes were supplemented by systems of artificial caves which, in some cases, developed into extensive burrowings of many adjoining compartments, having…
House
Till their sojourn in Egypt the Hebrews dwelt in tents. They then for the first time inhabited cities (Gen. 47:3; Ex. 12:7; Heb. 11:9). From the earliest times the Assyrians and the Canaanites were builders of cities. The Hebrews after the Conquest took possession of the captured cities, and seem to have followed the methods of building that had been pursued by the Canaanites. Reference is made to the stone (1 Kings 7:9; Isa. 9:10) and marble (1 Chr. 29:2) used in building, and to the internal wood-work of the houses (
The houses of the rural poor in Egypt, as well as in most parts of Syria, Arabia and Persia, are generally mere huts of mud or sunburnt bricks. In some parts of Palestine and Arabia stone is used, and in certain districts caves in the rocks are used as dwellings. (Amos 5:11) The houses are usually of one story only, viz., the ground floor, and often contain only one apartment. Sometimes a small court for the cattle is attached; and in some cases the cattle are housed in the same building, or the live in a raised platform, and, the cattle round them on the ground. (1 Samuel 28:24) The windows are small apertures high up in the walls, sometimes grated with wood. The roofs are commonly but not always flat, and are usually formed of plaster of mud and straw laid upon boughs or…
Is often put for dwelling, residence; and hence the temple, and even the tabernacle, are called the house of God.
The universal mode of building houses in the East, is in the form of a hollow square, with an open court or yard in the center; which is thus entirely shut in by the walls of the house around it. Into this court all the windows open, there being usually no windows towards the street. Some houses of large size require several courts, and these usually communicate with each other. These courts are commonly paved; and in many large houses parts of them are planted with shrubs and trees, Ps 84:3 128:3; they have also, when possible, a fountain in them, often with a jet d’ eau, 2Sa 17:18. It is customary in many houses to extend an awning over the whole court in hot…
The Hebrew word כָּלָה (*kalah*) is a primitive root meaning to end or finish. It encompasses a range of meanings, including to complete, accomplish, perish, and destroy. The entries indicate various uses in both intransitive and transitive forms, covering actions like finishing a task or causing something to cease. Notably, it can also imply negative connotations, such as plotting or destruction.
כָּלָה 204 vb. be complete, at an end, finished, accomplished, spent
Qal
be complete, at an end, of a period of time
be completed, finished, of a work
be accomplished, fulfilled
be idealy complete, be determined, always in a bad sense, plotted
be spent, used up (prop. come to an end), of water
waste away, be exhausted, fail
come to an end, vanish = perish, be destroyed
Pi.
complete, bring to an end, finish, a thing, task, work, etc.
complete a period of time
finish doing a thing
make an end, end
accomplish, fulfil, bring to pass
accomplish in thought, determine
put an end to, cause to cease
cause to fail, exhaust, use up, spend
destroy, sts. exterminate
base
H3615 כָּלָה be complete, at an end, finished, accomplished, spent .. . be complete, at an end, of a period of time
. be completed, finished, of a work
. be accomplished, fulfilled
. be idealy complete, be determined, always in a bad sense, plotted
. . be spent, used up (prop. come to an end), of water
. waste away, be exhausted, fail
. come to an end, vanish = perish, be destroyed
. . . complete, bring to an end, finish, a thing, task, work, etc.
. complete a period of time
. finish doing a thing
. make an end, end
. accomplish, fulfil, bring to pass
. accomplish in thought, determine
. . put an end to, cause to cease
. cause to fail, exhaust, use up, spend
. destroy, sts. exterminate
3615 kalah kaw-law'
a primitive root; to end, whether intransitive (to cease, be
finished, perish) or transitived (to complete, prepare,
consume):--accomplish, cease, consume (away), determine,
destroy (utterly), be (when ... were) done, (be an) end (of),
expire, (cause to) fail, faint, finish, fulfil, X fully, X
have, leave (off), long, bring to pass, wholly reap, make
clean riddance, spend, quite take away, waste.
כָּלָה (ka.lah) — to end: finish.
: finish
1) to accomplish, cease, consume, determine, end, fail, finish, be complete, be accomplished, be ended, be at an end, be finished, be spent
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be complete, be at an end
1a2) to be completed, be finished
1a3) to be accomplished, be fulfilled
1a4) to be determined, be plotted (bad sense)
1a5) to be spent, be used up
1a6) to waste away, be exhausted, fail
1a7) to come to an end, vanish, perish, be destroyed
1b) (Piel)
1b1) to complete, bring to an end, finish
1b2) to complete (a period of time)
1b3) to finish (doing a thing)
1b4) to make an end, end
1b5) to accomplish, fulfil, bring to pass
1b6) to accomplish, determine (in thought)
1b7) to put an end to, cause to cease
1b8) to cause to fail, exhaust, use up, spend
1b9) to destroy, exterminate
1c) (Pual) to be finished, be ended, be completed
כָּלָה (ka.lah) — to end: destroy.
: destroy
Conj | V-Piel-ConsecImperf-3ms | Suff — Verb piel sequential imperfect third person masculine singular · suffixHc/Vpw3ms/Sp3ms
סָפַן (safan) is a Hebrew verb meaning to cover or to panel. It can refer to covering something in, such as with boards or wainscot, and is also used in a figurative sense to mean reserving. The word appears in the Old Testament in contexts related to roofing or covering.
[סָפַן, once, erron., שׂ׳] vb. cover, cover in, panel
base
H5603 [סָפַן, once, erron., שׂ׳] cover, cover in, panel
5603 caphan saw-fan'
a primitive root; to hide by covering; specifically, to roof
(passive participle as noun, a roof) or wainscot;
figuratively, to reserve:--cieled, cover, seated.
סָפַן (sa.phan) — to cover.
1) to cover, cover in, wainscotted, covered with boards or panelling
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to cover in, panel
1a2) covered, panelled (participle)
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect third person masculine singularHc/Vqw3ms
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HTo — ParticleHTo
The Hebrew word בַּיִת (*bayith*) means 'house' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including dwelling, family, and place. It can refer to physical structures, such as homes and temples, as well as metaphorical uses like the body or household affairs. The word is built from the root related to 'between' and appears in various contexts throughout the Old Testament.
בֵּית fem. of בַּיִן, בֵּין prep. between
base
בַּ֫יִת 2034 n.m. house
house
place
receptacle
of house as containing a family
household, family (592 t.)
house, including household affairs
lit. housewards, hence metaph. inwards
מִבַּיִת
adv. on the inside
prep. within
base
H1004a בֵּית fem. of בַּיִן, בֵּין prep. between H1004b בַּ֫יִת house
1004 bayith bah'-yith
probably from 1129 abbreviated; a house (in the greatest
variation of applications, especially family, etc.):--court,
daughter, door, + dungeon, family, + forth of, X great as
would contain, hangings, home(born), (winter)house(-hold),
inside(-ward), palace, place, + prison, + steward, + tablet,
temple, web, + within(-out).
see HEBREW for 01129
בֵּית (bet) — place.
nm
place, origin, between
בַּ֫יִת (ba.yit) — house: home.
: home/temple/building
nm
1) house
1a) house, dwelling habitation
1b) shelter or abode of animals
1c) human bodies (fig.)
1d) of Sheol
1e) of abode of light and darkness
1f) of land of Ephraim
2) place
3) receptacle
4) home, house as containing a family
5) household, family
5a) those belonging to the same household
5b) family of descendants, descendants as organized body
6) household affairs
7) inwards (metaph.)
8) (TWOT) temple
adv
9) on the inside
prep
10) within
בַּ֫יִת (ba.yit) — Beth-(ashbea).
nm
This name is used for a house, habitation
Combined with ash.be.a (אַשְׁבֵּעַ "Ashbea" H0791)
בַּ֫יִת (ba.yit) — Beth (Haggan).
nm
This name is used for a house, habitation
Combined with hag (גַּן "Haggan" H1588)
בַּ֫יִת (ba.yit) — Beth-(togarmah).
nm
This name is used for a house, habitation
Art | N-ms — Particle · noun common masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ncmsa
hous (bayith; oikos, in classical Greek generally "an estate," oikia, oikema (literally, "habitation"), in Ac 12:1, "prison"):
I. CAVE DWELLINGS
II. STONE-BUILT AND MUD/BRICK-BUILT HOUSES
1. Details of Plan and Construction
(1) Corner-Stone
(2) Floor
(3) Gutter
(4) Door
(5) Hinge
(6) Lock and Key
(7) Threshold
(8) Hearth
(9) Window
(10) Roof
2. Houses of More than One Story
(1) Upper Chambers and Stairs
(2) Palaces and Castles
3. Internal Appearance
III. OTHER MEANINGS
LITERATURE
I. Cave Dwellings.
The earliest permanent habitations of the prehistoric inhabitants of Palestine were the natural caves which abound throughout the country. As the people increased and grouped themselves into communities, these abodes were supplemented by systems of artificial caves which, in some cases, developed into extensive burrowings of many adjoining compartments, having…
House
Till their sojourn in Egypt the Hebrews dwelt in tents. They then for the first time inhabited cities (Gen. 47:3; Ex. 12:7; Heb. 11:9). From the earliest times the Assyrians and the Canaanites were builders of cities. The Hebrews after the Conquest took possession of the captured cities, and seem to have followed the methods of building that had been pursued by the Canaanites. Reference is made to the stone (1 Kings 7:9; Isa. 9:10) and marble (1 Chr. 29:2) used in building, and to the internal wood-work of the houses (
The houses of the rural poor in Egypt, as well as in most parts of Syria, Arabia and Persia, are generally mere huts of mud or sunburnt bricks. In some parts of Palestine and Arabia stone is used, and in certain districts caves in the rocks are used as dwellings. (Amos 5:11) The houses are usually of one story only, viz., the ground floor, and often contain only one apartment. Sometimes a small court for the cattle is attached; and in some cases the cattle are housed in the same building, or the live in a raised platform, and, the cattle round them on the ground. (1 Samuel 28:24) The windows are small apertures high up in the walls, sometimes grated with wood. The roofs are commonly but not always flat, and are usually formed of plaster of mud and straw laid upon boughs or…
Is often put for dwelling, residence; and hence the temple, and even the tabernacle, are called the house of God.
The universal mode of building houses in the East, is in the form of a hollow square, with an open court or yard in the center; which is thus entirely shut in by the walls of the house around it. Into this court all the windows open, there being usually no windows towards the street. Some houses of large size require several courts, and these usually communicate with each other. These courts are commonly paved; and in many large houses parts of them are planted with shrubs and trees, Ps 84:3 128:3; they have also, when possible, a fountain in them, often with a jet d’ eau, 2Sa 17:18. It is customary in many houses to extend an awning over the whole court in hot…
גֵּב (gev) refers to a pit, ditch, or trench, as well as a beam or rafter. It is derived from a root meaning to cut out, suggesting a connection to both excavated spaces and structural elements. The word appears in contexts related to construction and water storage, including a reference in 1 Kings 6:9.
[גֵּב] n.[m.] pit, ditch, trench
base
[גֵּב] n.[m.] beam, rafter? 1 K 6:9
ref
H1356a גֵּב pit, ditch, trench H1356b גֵּב beam, rafter?
1356 geb gabe
from 1461; a log (as cut out); also well or cistern (as
dug):--beam, ditch, pit.
see HEBREW for 01461
גֵּב (gev) — cistern.
pit, trench, ditch,
גֵּב (gev) — beam.
beam, rafter
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural absoluteHNcmpa
שְׂדֵרָה (sderah) refers to a row or rank, particularly in a military context, as well as an architectural term. It is derived from an unused root meaning to regulate. The entries indicate its use in describing ranks of soldiers and possibly rows in building structures.
[שְׂדֵרָה] n.f. 1. row, rank of soldiers in line. 2. architectural term.
base
H7713 שְׂדֵרָה
7713 sderah sed-ay-raw'
from an unused root meaning to regulate; a row, i.e. rank (of
soldiers), story (of rooms):--board, range.
שְׂדֵרָה (se.de.rah) — rank.
1) row, rank (of soldiers)
1a) rows, ranks
1b) technical term of building
1b1) meaning unknown
Conj | N-fp — Conjunction · noun common feminine plural absoluteHC/Ncfpa
The Hebrew word אֶ֫רֶז (*erez*) means 'cedar' and refers to the cedar tree, its timber, and its use in building and purification. It is derived from a root indicating the tenacity of its roots. The entries consistently highlight its significance in construction and ritual practices.
אֶ֫רֶז n.m. cedar
cedar-tree
cedar-timber, cedar-wood for building
cedar-wood used in purification
base
H730 אֶ֫רֶז cedar
730 'erez eh-rez'
from 729; a cedar tree (from the tenacity of its
roots):--cedar (tree).
see HEBREW for 0729
אֶ֫רֶז (e.rez) — cedar.
1) cedar
1a) cedar tree
1b) cedar timber, cedar wood (in building)
1c) cedar wood (in purifications)
Prep | N-mp — Preposition · noun common masculine plural absoluteHRd/Ncmpa
se'-dar, se'-der ('erez, from Hebrew root meaning "to be firm"; kedros): The 'erez was in almost all the Old Testament references the true cedar, Cedrus libani, but the name may have been applied in a loose way to allied trees, such as junipers and pines. In Nu 24:6--"as cedar-trees beside the waters"--the reference must, as is most probable, be purely poetical (see ALOES) or the 'arazim must signify some other kind of tree which flourishes beside water.
1. Cedar for Ritual Cleansing:
Cedar is twice mentioned as a substance for ritual cleansing. In Le 14:4 the cleansed leper was sprinkled with the blood of a "clean bird" into which had been put "cedar- wood, and scarlet, and hyssop." In Nu 19:6 "cedar-wood, and hyssop, and…
Cedar
(Heb. e’rez, Gr. kedros, Lat. cedrus), a tree very frequently mentioned in Scripture. It was stately (Ezek. 31:3-5), long-branched (Ps. 80:10; 92:12; Ezek. 31:6-9), odoriferous (Cant. 4:11; Hos. 14:6), durable, and therefore much used for boards, pillars, and ceilings (1 Kings 6:9, 10; 7:2; Jer. 22:14), for masts (Ezek. 27:5), and for carved images (Isa. 44:14).
The Hebrew word erez , invariably rendered "cedar" by the Authorized Version, stands for that tree in most of the passages where the word occurs. While the word is sometimes used in a wider sense, (Leviticus 14:6) for evergreen cone-bearing trees, generally the cedar of Lebanon (Cedrus libani) is intended. (1 Kings 7:2; 10:27; Psalms 92:12; Solomon 5:15; Isaiah 2:13; Ezekiel 31:3-6) The wood is of a reddish color, of bitter taste and aromatic odor, offensive to insects, and very durable. The cedar is a type of the Christian, being evergreen, beautiful, aromatic, wide spreading, slow growing, long lived, and having many uses. As far as is at present known, the cedar of…
A noble evergreen-tree greatly celebrated in the Scriptures, Ps 92:12 Eze 31:3-6. These trees are remarkably thick and tall; some among them are from thirty-five to forty feet in girth, and ninety feet in height. The cedar-tree shoots out branches at ten of twelve feet from the ground, large and almost horizontal; its leaves are an inch long, slender and straight, growing in tufts. The tree bears a small cone, like that of the pine. This celebrated tree is not peculiar to mount Lebanon, but grows also upon mounts Amanus and Taurus in Asia Minor, and in other parts of the Levant, but does not elsewhere reach the size and height of those on Lebanon. It has also been cultivated in the gardens of Europe; two venerable individuals of this species exist at Chiswick in England; and…