Genesis 14:6 — Word Study
WLCוְאֶת־ הַחֹרִ֖י בְּהַרְרָ֣ם שֵׂעִ֑יר עַ֚ד אֵ֣יל פָּארָ֔ן אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־ הַמִּדְבָּֽר׃
BSAandʼêth the HoritesChôrîy [a people-group descended from Hori] in [the area of] Mounthar SeirSêʻîyr [a mountain in Idumaea, meaning hairy or shaggy] as far asʻad [till, up to] El-paranʼÊyl Pâʼrân [a location near the Red Sea] which [is]ʼăsher [a conjunction connecting ideas] nearʻal [by, adjacent to] the desertmidbâr [wilderness, a barren or uninhabited area]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְאֶת־ | and the object marker | Conjunction, particle |
| הַחֹרִ֖י | the Horite[s] | Particle, noun gentilic masculine singular absolute |
| בְּהַרְרָ֣ם | in hill country of their | Preposition, noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| שֵׂעִ֑יר | Seir | Noun proper |
| עַ֚ד | to | Preposition |
| אֵ֣יל | El | Noun proper |
| פָּארָ֔ן | Paran | Noun proper |
| אֲשֶׁ֖ר | which | Particle |
| עַל־ | [is] at | Preposition |
| הַמִּדְבָּֽר׃ | the wilderness | Particle, noun common masculine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | and the Horites in the area of Mount Seir, as far as El-paran, which is near the desert. |
| KJV | And the Horites in their mount Seir, unto El-paran, which is by the wilderness. |
| ASV | and the Horites in their mount Seir, unto El-paran, which is by the wilderness. |
| YLT | and the Horites in their mount Seir, unto El-Paran, which [is] by the wilderness; |
| WEB | and the Horites in their Mount Seir, to El Paran, which is by the wilderness. |
| BBE | And the Horites in their mountain Seir, driving them as far as El-paran, which is near the waste land. |
All translations agree on the identity of the Horites and their geographical context.
The main clause identifies the Horites, with additional phrases providing geographical context and extent.
7 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Genesis 14:6
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Kings and Their Battlesgenerated
Genesis 14:6 describes the Horites, a group of people living in the region of Mount Seir. This verse is part of a larger narrative detailing the military actions of Chedorlaomer and his allies against various peoples, including the Rephaites and the Zuzites. The mention of the Horites helps to establish the geographical context of the conflict, as they were among the inhabitants of the land during this time.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Genesis 36:8–20 | So Esau (that is, Edom) settled in the area of Mount Seir. |
| 2 | Deuteronomy 2:12–22 | The Horites used to live in Seir, but the descendants of Esau drove them out. They destroyed the Horites from before them and settled in their place, just as Israel did in the land that the LORD gave them as their possession.) |
| 3 | 1 Chronicles 1:38–42 | The sons of Seir: Lotan, Shobal, Zibeon, Anah, Dishon, Ezer, and Dishan. |
| 4 | Genesis 16:7 | Now the angel of the LORD found Hagar by a spring of water in the desert—the spring along the road to Shur. |
| 5 | Genesis 21:21 | And while he was dwelling in the Wilderness of Paran, his mother got a wife for him from the land of Egypt. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 8 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — הַחֹרִ֖י, ha.cho.Rigenerated
The term חֹרִי (Cho'ri) refers to the Horites, a group associated with the mountainous region of Seir. The name likely derives from a root meaning 'cave,' suggesting a lifestyle connected to caves or rocky habitats.
The parsing indicates that this is a masculine singular noun, identifying the Horites as a distinct people group. The Horites are mentioned in other parts of the Bible, such as in Genesis 36:22, which further establishes their identity and geographical significance.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
All translations agree on the rendering of הַחֹרִ֖י as 'the Horites.' This consistency reflects the established identity of this people group across the versions.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main clause of the verse lists the Horites and their location — הַחֹרִ֖י, the Horites — followed by a prepositional phrase indicating their geographical setting in בְּהַרְרָ֣ם, the hill country of their, and concluding with a description of their territory extending עַ֚ד, to, אֵ֣יל פָּארָ֔ן, El-paran.
The structure emphasizes the geographical context of the Horites, linking them to significant locations that define their territory.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates הַחֹרִ֖י as ξορραίους, which indicates a direct borrowing of the term for the Horites, preserving its identity in the Greek text.
This choice reflects a continuity in the understanding of the Horites as a distinct group within the region described, maintaining the geographical and cultural context.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Genesis 14:6 tells us about the Horites, who lived in the area of Mount Seir. This verse describes their territory stretching to El-paran, which is located near the wilderness. The mention of the Horites helps us understand the people and places involved in the historical context of the narrative.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The Horites were a group of people living in the region of Mount Seir, mentioned in the Bible as early inhabitants of Edom.
Mount Seir is a significant geographical landmark in Edom, associated with the Horites and later with the descendants of Esau.
El-paran is a location mentioned in the Bible, identified as being near the Red Sea and associated with the wilderness.
This verse is part of a narrative describing the military campaigns of Chedorlaomer and his allies against various peoples, establishing the historical context of the region.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What can we learn about the Horites from this verse and their geographical context?
- How does understanding the locations mentioned in this verse enhance our comprehension of the narrative?
- In what ways do the historical inhabitants of the land influence the story of the Patriarchs?
- What significance do the mountains and wilderness hold in the biblical narrative?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Bede comments on the Horites in the mountains of Seir, noting their expulsion by the sons of Esau, who were also known as Seir.
And the Horites in the mountains of Seir. Indeed, these mountains, along with the neighboring regions, were possessed by the sons of Esau, who was also called Seir, because he was hairy, after the Horites were expelled.Early Church Fathers on Genesis 14 →
Commentators on this verse — 7 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Genesis 14:6 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd the Horites in their Mount Seir,.... Or the Horim who dwelt in Mount Seir, so called from Seir the Horite, who continued here till they were drove out by the sons of Esau or Edom, from whom their
Read John Gill on Genesis 14 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd the Horites in their mount Seir, unto Elparan, which is by the wilderness.
Read Robert Jamieson on Genesis 14 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleThe Horites, the ancient inhabitants of Seir, of whom see . El signifies a plain, and Paran is the name of a known city and mountain. See , &c.
Read Matthew Poole on Genesis 14 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsGenesis 14:6 And the Horites in their mount Seir, unto Elparan, which [is] by the wilderness.Ver. 6. And the Horites in their mount Seir.] Their Seir could not secure them, when once they fell into the hands of these Ardeliones, burning or "brutish men," skilful to destroy.
Read John Trapp on Genesis 14 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 6. The Horites] A people that dwelt in Mount Seir, till Esau and his sons drove them thence; Deuteronomy 2:22. El-paran] The plain or oak of Paran, which was a city in the wilderness of Paran; Genesis 21:21.
Read AdamClarke on Genesis 14 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges6. the Horites] Mentioned also in Genesis 36:20-21; Genesis 36:30, and in Deuteronomy 2:12; Deuteronomy 2:22, where they are described as having been dispossessed of the country of Seir, the hill country between the Dead Sea and the Gulf of Elath, by the Edomites. They have been thought to represent primitive “cave-dwellers,” of whom traces have been discovered by Macalister at Gezer. unto El-paran] Generally identified with the town of Elath, the well-known port at the head of the Gulf of Akabah; which is sometimes called the “Aelanitic Gulf” from the name Ailana given to Elath in classical writings. The town may have derived its name from great palm trees in the neighbourhood (El = “a…
Read Cambridge on Genesis 14 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible6. The Horites in their mount Seir were the original settlers of the wild and mountainous country south of the Dead Sea, and were, as the name denotes, “cave dwellers.” Mt.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Genesis 14 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
and the Horites in the area of Mount Seir, as far as El-paran, which is near the desert.
and the Horites in their Mount Seir, to El Paran, which is by the wilderness.
and the Horites in the area of Mount Seir, as far as El-paran, which is near the desert.
and the Horites in their hill country of Seir, as far as El Paran, which is near the desert.
Tyndale line
And the Horites in their mount Seir, unto El-paran, which is by the wilderness.
and the Horites in their mount Seir, unto El-paran, which is by the wilderness.
and the Horites in their mount Seir, unto El-paran, which is by the wilderness.
And the Horites in their mount Seir, to El-paran, which is by the wilderness.
And the Horites in their mount Seir, vnto the plaine of Paran, which is by the wildernesse.
Strictly literal
and the Horites on their mount Seir, to El-Paran, which is by the wilderness.
and the Horites in their mount Seir, unto El-Paran, which [is] by the wilderness;
and the Horites in their Mount Seir, to El-Paran, which [is] by the wilderness;
And the Horites in their mountain Seir, unto El-paran, which is by the wilderness.
and the Horites in their hill country of Seir, as far as El Paran, which is near the desert.
From the Latin
And the Chorreans in the mountains of Seir, even to the plains of Pharan, which is in the wilderness.
Simplified
and the Horites in their hill country of Seir, all the way to El-paran, near the desert.
And the Horites in their mountain Seir, driving them as far as El-paran, which is near the waste land.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint share a close correspondence, with 7 out of 10 words matching. The Samaritan Pentateuch differs slightly, using הררי for 'mountain' and איל פראן for 'El-paran,' indicating a variation in the naming of the geographical features.
וְאֶת־ הַחֹרִ֖י בְּהַרְרָ֣ם שֵׂעִ֑יר עַ֚ד אֵ֣יל פָּארָ֔ן אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־ הַמִּדְבָּֽר׃
7 of the 10 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
ואת החרי בהררי שׂעיר עד איל פראן אשׁר על המדבר
2 words differ from the Masoretic Text: הררי (mountain), איל פראן (El Paran)
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Genesis 14:6
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
Conj | DirObjM — Conjunction · particleHC/To
חֹרִי (Choriy) likely means 'cave-dweller' and refers to the Horites, ancient inhabitants of Edom. It is derived from a root meaning 'cave' and is associated with individuals like Hori, mentioned in Genesis 36:22. The entries consistently identify this term with the people of Mount Seir and Edom.
חֹרִי, חוֹרִי adj., usu. n.pr.gent. et pers. (prob. = cave-dweller)
adj.gent. Seir the Horite
n.pr.gent. ancient inhabitants of land of Edom
n.pr.pers.m.
an Edomite
a Simeonite
base
H2752 חֹרִי, חוֹרִי (prob. = cave-dweller)
2752 Choriy kho-ree'
from 2356; cave-dweller or troglodyte; a Chorite or
aboriginal Idumaean:--Horims, Horites.
see HEBREW for 02356
חֹרִי (cho.ri) — Horite.
Someone descended from Hori who was aomeone descended from Hori, a man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.36.22;
son of: Lotan (H3877);
brother of: Hemam (H1950)
Group of cho.ri (חֹרִי "Hori" H2753H)
§ Horite = "cave dweller"
1) the inhabitants of Mount Seir
2) the inhabitants of Edom (in later times)
Art | Ngmsa — Particle · noun gentilic masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ngmsa
הַר (har) means 'mountain' or 'hill,' and can refer to a range of hills or hill-country. It is derived from a root that suggests elevation and can be used figuratively. The entries consistently highlight its geographical connotations without significant disagreement.
הַר 568 n.m. mountain, hill, hill-country
mountain, hill
hill-country, mountain-region
base
H2022 הַר mountain, hill, hill-country
2022 har har
a shortened form of 2042; a mountain or range of hills
(sometimes used figuratively):--hill (country), mount(-ain), X
promotion.
see HEBREW for 02042
הַר (har) — mountain: mount.
: mount/hill
hill, mountain, hill country, mount
הַר (har) — mountain: hill country.
: hill_country
hill, mountain, hill country, mount
A sub-meaning of har (הַר ": mount" H2022)
Prep | N-ms | Suff — Preposition · noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHR/Ncmsc/Sp3mp
שֵׂעִיר (Se`iyr) refers to a mountainous region in Edom, south of the Dead Sea, and is associated with its early inhabitants, the Horites. The term can mean 'hairy' or 'shaggy' and also denotes a patriarch of the Horites mentioned in Genesis 36:20. The entries collectively emphasize its geographical and genealogical significance.
שֵׂעִיר n.pr. Sē‛ir
terr. land of Edom, S. of Dead Sea
specif. mont. E. of Arabah
gent. = Edom
personif. as m.
mont. in Judah
base
H8165a שֵׂעִיר Sēir H8165b שֵׂעִיר Sēir
8165 Se`iyr say-eer'
formed like 8163; rough; Seir, a mountain of Idumaea and its
aboriginal occupants, also one in Palestine:--Seir.
see HEBREW for 08163
שֵׂעִיר (se.ir) — Seir.
§ Seir = "hairy" or "shaggy"
n pr terr
2) the land of Edom, south of the Dead Sea n pr mont
3) a mountain range in Edom extending from the Dead Sea to the Elanitic Gulf
3a) apparently also called 'Mount Seir' and extending most of the distance of the mountain range itself
4) a mountain in northern Judah lying westward from Kirjath-jearim
שֵׂעִיר (se.ir) — Seir.
A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.36.20;
father of: Lotan (H3877), Shobal (H7732), Zibeon (H6649H), Anah (H6034H), Dishon (H1787), Ezer (H0687), Dishan (H1789), Timna (H8555H)
§ Seir = "hairy" or "shaggy"
patriarch of the Horites, the inhabitants of Edom before the descendants of Esau, the Edomites
שֵׂעִיר (se.ir) — (Mount) Seir.
§ Seir = "hairy" or "shaggy"
patriarch of the Horites, the inhabitants of Edom before the descendants of Esau, the Edomites
N-proper — Noun properHNpl
se'-ir:
(1) (har se'-ir, "Mt. Seir" (Ge 14:6, etc.), 'erets se`-ir (Ge 32:3, etc.); to oros Seeir, ge Seeir): In Ge 32:3 "the land of Seir" is equated with "the field of Edom." The Mount and the Land of Seir are alternative appellations of the mountainous tract which runs along the eastern side of the Arabah, occupied by the descendants of Esau, who succeeded the ancient Horites (Ge 14:6; 36:20), "cave-dwellers," in possession. For a description of the land see EDOM.
(2) (har se`ir; Codex Vaticanus Assar; Codex Alexandrinus Seeir): A landmark on the boundary of Judah (Jos 15:10), not far from Kiriath-jearim and Chesalon.…
Seir
Rough; hairy. (1.) A Horite; one of the “dukes” of Edom (Gen. 36:20-30).
(2.) The name of a mountainous region occupied by the Edomites, extending along the eastern side of the Arabah from the south-eastern extremity of the Dead Sea to near the Akabah, or the eastern branch of the Red Sea. It was originally occupied by the Horites (Gen. 14:6), who were afterwards driven out by the Edomites (Gen. 32:3; 33:14, 16). It was allotted to the descendants of Esau (Deut. 2:4, 22; Josh. 24:4; 2 Chr. 20:10; Isa.…
(hairy, Shaggy), We have both "land of Seir," (Genesis 32:3; 36:50) and "Mount Seir." (Genesis 14:6) It is the original name of the mountain range extending along the east side of the valley of Arabah, from the Dead Sea to the Elanitic, Golf. The Horites appear to have been the chief of the aboriginal inhabitants, (Genesis 36:20) but it was ever afterward the possession of the Edomites, the descendants of Esau. The Mount Seir of the: Bible extended much farther south than the modern province, as is shown by the words of (2:1-8) It had the Arabah on the west, vs. 1 and 8; it extended as far south as the head of the Gulf of Akabah, ver. 8; its eastern border ran along the base of the mountain range where the plateau of Arabia…
1. A mountain of Judah, near Kirjath-jearim, Jos 15:10.
2. A Horite, one of the primitive rulers of the country south and southeast of the Dead Sea, Ge 36:20 De 2:12.
3. A mountainous tract lying between the southern extremity of the Dead Sea and the eastern gulf of the Red Sea. Mount Hor formed part of Seir, and is the only part that retains its original name. See IDUMEA.
עַד (ad) primarily functions as a preposition, adverb, or conjunction meaning 'until,' 'up to,' or 'as far as.' It can denote spatial, temporal, or degree-related contexts, such as 'even to' or 'while.' The entries indicate its use in poetry and in various combinations, but there is no significant disagreement among the lexicons regarding its meanings.
עַד, in poetry עֲדֵי prep. as far as, even to, up to, until, while
prep.
of space
Of time
Of degree
conj.
until
While
Of degree, to the point that, so that even (rare)
עַד לְ, a strengthened form for עַד. Thus
of space
Of time
Of degree
base
H5704 עַד, in poetry עֲדֵי as far as, even to, up to, until, while . prep. . of space
. Of time
. Of degree
. conj. . until
. While
. Of degree, to the point that, so that even (rare)
. עַד לְ, a strengthened form for עַד. Thus . of space
. Of time
. Of degree
5704 `ad ad
properly, the same as 5703 (used as a preposition, adverb or
conjunction; especially with a preposition); as far (or long,
or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during,
while, until) or degree (equally with):--against, and, as,
at, before, by (that), even (to), for(-asmuch as),
(hither-)to, + how long, into, as long (much) as, (so) that,
till, toward, until, when, while, (+ as) yet.
see HEBREW for 05703
עַד (ad) — till.
prep
1) as far as, even to, until, up to, while, as far as
1a) of space
1a1) as far as, up to, even to
1b) in combination
1b1) from...as far as, both...and (with 'min' -from)
1c) of time
1c1) even to, until, unto, till, during, end
1d) of degree
1d1) even to, to the degree of, even like
conj
2) until, while, to the point that, so that even
Aramaic equivalent: ad (עַד "till" H5705)
Prep — PrepositionHR
אֵיל פָּארָן n.pr.loc. (terebinth of Paran) town & harbor at head of Ælanitic Gulf
base
H364 אֵיל פָּארָן (terebinth of Paran) town & harbor at head of Ælanitic Gulf
364 'Eyl Pa'ran ale paw-rawn'
from 352 and 6290; oak of Paran; El- Paran, a portion of the
district of Paran:--El-paran.
see HEBREW for 0352
see HEBREW for 06290
אֵיל פָּארָן (el pa.ran) — El-paran.
§ El-paran = "palm of Paran"
town and harbour at tip of Gulf of Aqaba on the Red Sea
N-proper — Noun properHNpl
See GOD, NAMES OF.
Strength, one of the names of God, especially in poetry,
Ge 33:18-20. It is very often found in proper names, as Bethel, Daniel, Elijah, etc. Eloi, like Eli, means, My God.
אֵיל פָּארָן n.pr.loc. (terebinth of Paran) town & harbor at head of Ælanitic Gulf
base
H364 אֵיל פָּארָן (terebinth of Paran) town & harbor at head of Ælanitic Gulf
364 'Eyl Pa'ran ale paw-rawn'
from 352 and 6290; oak of Paran; El- Paran, a portion of the
district of Paran:--El-paran.
see HEBREW for 0352
see HEBREW for 06290
אֵיל פָּארָן (el pa.ran) — El-paran.
§ El-paran = "palm of Paran"
town and harbour at tip of Gulf of Aqaba on the Red Sea
HNpl — Noun properHNpl
Paran
Abounding in foliage, or abounding in caverns, (Gen. 21:21), a desert tract forming the north-eastern division of the peninsula of Sinai, lying between the ‘Arabah on the east and the wilderness of Shur on the west. It is intersected in a north-western direction by the Wady el-‘Arish. It bears the modern name of Badiet et-Tih, i.e., “the desert of the wanderings.” This district, through which the children of Israel wandered, lay three days’ march from Sinai (Num. 10:12, 33). From Kadesh, in this wilderness, spies (q.v.) were sent to spy the land (13:3, 26). Here, long afterwards, David found refuge from Saul (1 Sam. 25:1, 4).
beauty; glory; ornament
The Hebrew word אֲשֶׁר (*asher*) is a relative pronoun that can mean 'who,' 'which,' or 'that.' It serves various grammatical functions, including as an adverb or conjunction, indicating relationships between clauses, places, or conditions. Variants like בַאֲשֶׁר (*ba-asher*), מֵאֲשֶׁר (*me-asher*), and כַּאֲשֶׁר (*ka-asher*) expand its usage to specific contexts such as location, causation, and time.
אֲשֶׁר part. of relation A sign of relation, bringing the clause introduced by it into relation with an antecedent clause.
base
בַאֲשֶׁר
in (that) which
adv. in (the place) where
conj. in that, inasmuch as
on account of whom?
base
מֵאֲשֶׁר
from (or than) that which
adv. from (the place) where
conj. from (the fact) that …, since
base
כַּאֲשֶׁר conj. according as, as, when
according to that which, according as, as
with a causal force, in so far as, since
with a temporal force, when
base
H834a אֲשֶׁר part. of relation A sign of relation, bringing the clause introduced by it into relation with an antecedent clause. H834b בַאֲשֶׁר . in (that) which
. adv. in (the place) where
. conj. in that, inasmuch as
. on account of whom?
H834c מֵאֲשֶׁר . from (or than) that which
. adv. from (the place) where
. conj. from (the fact) that …, since
H834d כַּאֲשֶׁר conj. according as, as, when . according to that which, according as, as
. with a causal force, in so far as, since
. with a temporal force, when
834 'aher ash-er'
a primitive relative pronoun (of every gender and number);
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction)
when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.:--X after, X
alike, as (soon as), because, X every, for, + forasmuch, +
from whence, + how(-soever), X if, (so) that ((thing) which,
wherein), X though, + until, + whatsoever, when, where
(+ -as, -in, -of, -on, -soever, -with), which, whilst, +
whither(- soever), who(-m, -soever, -se). As it is
indeclinable, it is often accompanied by the personal pronoun
expletively, used to show the connection.
אֲשֶׁר (a.sher) — which.
A: 1) (relative part.)
1a) which, who
1b) that which
2) (conj)
2a) that (in obj clause)
2b) when
2c) since
2d) as
2e) conditional if
B: Beth+ 1) in (that) which
2) (adv)
2a) where
3) (conj)
3a) in that, inasmuch as
3b) on account of
C: Mem+ 1) from (or than) that which
2) from (the place) where
3) from (the fact) that, since
D: Kaph+
1) (conj.), according as, as, when
1a) according to that which, according as, as
1b) with a causal force: in so far as, since
1c) with a temporal force: when
בַאֲשֶׁר (ba.a.sher) — in which.
1) in (that) which
2) (adv)
2a) where
3) (conj)
3a) in that, inasmuch as
3b) on account of
מֵאֲשֶׁר (me.a.sher) — whence.
1) from (or than) that which
2) from (the place) where
3) from (the fact) that, since
כַּאֲשֶׁר (ka.a.sher) — as which.
conj
1) according as, as, when
1a) according to that which, according as, as
Rel — ParticleHTr
The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
עַל, עָ֑ל
subst. height
As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed
—
of clothing, etc., which any one wears
With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears
. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
5921 `al al
properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the
singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a
particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always
in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great
variety of applications (as follow):--above, according
to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because
of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both
and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in
(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,
through(-out), to, touching, X with.
see HEBREW for 05920
עַל (al) — upon.
prep
1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards
1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)
1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)
1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)
1e) over (of suspension or extension)
1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)
1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)
1h) to (as a dative)
[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.
conj
Prep — PrepositionHR
מִדְבָּר (midbar) primarily means 'mouth' in the sense of an organ of speech, but it also refers to 'wilderness' or 'desert.' The word is derived from a root meaning to drive, suggesting open fields for pasturing cattle. It encompasses various forms of uninhabited land and is notably used in contexts related to the wilderness, such as the Wilderness of Sinai.
[מִדְבָּר] n.m. mouth, as organ of speech, Ct 4:3
ref
מִדְבָר 270 n.m. wilderness
tracts of land, used for the pasturage of flocks and herds
uninhabited land
large tracts of such land bearing various names, in certain districts of which there might be towns and cities
fig.
base
H4057a מִדְבָּר mouth, as organ of speech H4057b מִדְבָר wilderness
4057 midbar mid-bawr'
from 1696 in the sense of driving; a pasture (i.e. open
field, whither cattle are driven); by implication, a desert;
also speech (including its organs):--desert, south, speech,
wilderness.
see HEBREW for 01696
מִדְבָּר (mid.bar) — mouth.
1) mouth
1a) mouth (as organ of speech)
מִדְבָּר (mid.bar) — wilderness.
1) wilderness
1a) pasture
1b) uninhabited land, wilderness
1c) large tracts of wilderness (around cities)
1d) wilderness (fig.)
מִדְבָּר (mid.bar) — Wilderness (of Sinai).
This name means wilderness, uninhabited land
Art | N-ms — Particle · noun common masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ncmsa
wil'-der-nes.
See DESERT; JUDAEA, WILDERNESS OF; WANDERINGS OF ISRAEL.
Wilderness
(1.) Heb. midhbar, denoting not a barren desert but a district or region suitable for pasturing sheep and cattle (Ps. 65:12; Isa. 42:11; Jer. 23:10; Joel 1:19; 2:22); an uncultivated place. This word is used of the wilderness of Beersheba (Gen. 21:14), on the southern border of Palestine; the wilderness of the Red Sea (Ex. 13:18); of Shur (15:22), a portion of the Sinaitic peninsula; of Sin (17:1), Sinai (Lev. 7:38), Moab (Deut. 2:8), Judah (
See DESERT.