Job 14:11 — Word Study
WLCאָֽזְלוּ־ מַ֭יִם מִנִּי־ יָ֑ם וְ֝נָהָ֗ר יֶחֱרַ֥ב וְיָבֵֽשׁ׃
BSAAs watermayim [from the sea, like the Mediterranean] disappearsʼâzal■ [fails, evaporates] frommin the seayâm [a large body of water, the west] ◂and a rivernâhâr [a flood] becomes parchedchârab▸ [wastes, decays, dry, desolate] and dryyâbêsh [withers, dried up]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| אָֽזְלוּ־ | they disappear | Verb, Qal, perfect third person common plural |
| מַ֭יִם | waters | Noun common, masculine plural absolute |
| מִנִּי־ | from | Preposition |
| יָ֑ם | [the] sea | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| וְ֝נָהָ֗ר | and a river | Conjunction, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| יֶחֱרַ֥ב | it dries up | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine singular |
| וְיָבֵֽשׁ׃ | and it is dry | Verb, Qal, sequential perfect third person masculine singular |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | As water disappears from the sea and a river becomes parched and dry, |
| KJV | As the waters fail from the sea, and the flood decayeth and drieth up: |
| ASV | As the waters fail from the sea, And the river wasteth and drieth up; |
| YLT | Waters have gone away from a sea, And a river becometh waste and dry. |
| WEB | As the waters fail from the sea, and the river wastes and dries up, |
| BBE | The waters go from a pool, and a river becomes waste and dry; |
The translations agree on the imagery of water and drying, with no significant differences noted.
The sentence structure emphasizes the comparisons Job is making, with the main clause leading into subordinate details.







8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectמַיִם
verbאָזַל
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Job 14:11
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Job's Reflection on Mortalitygenerated
Job 14:11 presents a poignant image of the transience of life, comparing the disappearance of water from the sea to the inevitability of death. Job reflects on the fate of humanity, suggesting that just as water and rivers dry up, so too does a man lie down and not rise again. This verse is part of a larger meditation on mortality found throughout the chapter, where Job grapples with the nature of life and death, echoing themes found in other wisdom literature.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Job 6:15–18 | But my brothers are as faithless as wadis, as seasonal streams that overflow, |
| 2 | Jeremiah 15:18 | Why is my pain unending, and my wound incurable, refusing to be healed? You have indeed become like a mirage to me— water that is not there. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 2 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — אָֽזְלוּ־, 'a.ze.lu-generated
The verb אָזַל (azal) means 'to disappear' or 'to go away,' indicating a sense of loss or absence. It is a perfect tense verb, suggesting a completed action, emphasizing that the water has completely vanished from the sea. This word captures the idea of something being used up or exhausted, aligning with the imagery of water.
In this context, אָזְלוּ־ conveys the finality of death, paralleling the natural process of water disappearing from a large body of water. The use of this verb underscores the inevitability of mortality, as Job reflects on the human condition.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The translations generally agree on the imagery presented in Job 14:11, with phrases like water disappears and river becomes parched appearing consistently across versions.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The structure of the verse is governed by the main verb אָֽזְלוּ־, they disappear, which is followed by two clauses: one describing the water and another describing the river. The use of conjunctions connects these images, emphasizing the parallel between the disappearance of water and the drying up of the river.
The Hebrew word order places the disappearing water first, highlighting the central theme of loss and transience that Job is expressing.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates מַיִם as ξρόνῳ, which can refer to a time or season, suggesting a broader interpretation of the passage that emphasizes the fleeting nature of life and its seasons.
This choice of translation may indicate a thematic interpretation of Job's meditation on mortality, focusing on the temporal aspect of existence.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Job 14:11 compares the disappearance of water from the sea to how a river dries up. Job reflects on how life is temporary, just like water that vanishes. This verse highlights the inevitability of death and the fleeting nature of human existence.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Job is illustrating the transient nature of life, suggesting that just as water can vanish, so too can human life come to an end.
This verse reflects Job's deep contemplation on suffering, mortality, and the human condition, which are central themes throughout the Book of Job.
Job uses the imagery of water disappearing and rivers drying up to convey the finality and inevitability of death.
Understanding this verse can encourage us to contemplate the fleeting nature of life and the importance of making the most of our time.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What thoughts come to mind when I consider the imagery of water disappearing in relation to my own life?
- How does the comparison of life to water affect my understanding of mortality?
- In what ways can I appreciate the temporary nature of my experiences?
- How can this verse encourage me to live with purpose and intention?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early commentators like Hesychius of Jerusalem and Gregory the Dialogist reflect on Job's imagery of death and resurrection, drawing theological implications from this verse.
By calling death “sleep,” Job has clearly given us the hope for resurrection. However, he says, we will not awake “until heavens are no more.” That is obvious, because, as Isaiah said,Early Church Fathers on Job 14 →
Ver. 11, 12. As if the waters fail from the sea, and the river being emptied drieth up: so man lieth down, and riseth not.Early Church Fathers on Job 14 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Job 14:11 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible[As] the waters fail from the sea,.... the words may be rendered either without the as, and denote dissimilitude, and the sense be, that the waters go from the sea and return again, as with the tide:
Read John Gill on Job 14 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAs the waters fail from the sea, and the flood decayeth and drieth up: Sea - i:e., a lake, or pool formed from the outspreading of as river. Job lived near the Euphrates; and "sea" is applied to it (Jeremiah 51:36; Isaiah 27:1).
Read Robert Jamieson on Job 14 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleThis may be understood either, 1. By way of opposition, the waters go or flow out of the sea, and return thither again, ; and a lake or river sometimes decayeth, and drieth up, but afterwards is recruited and replenished. But man lieth, &c., as it follows. Or, 2. By way of resemblance; As waters, i.e. some portion of waters, fail from the sea, being either exhaled or drawn up by the sun, or received and sunk into the dry and thirsty earth, or overflowing its banks; and as the flood, or a river, or a pond (for the word signifies any considerable confluence of waters) in a great drought decayeth, and is dried up; in both which cases the selfsame waters never return to their former places; so…
Read Matthew Poole on Job 14 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsJob 14:11 [As] the waters fail from the sea, and the flood decayeth and drieth up:Ver. 11. As the waters fail from the sea] He sets forth the same truth by an elegant similitude drawn from drying up of waters. Look how these, after some exundation of the sea, or some great river, are separated and left (upon the reflux thereof) behind the rest upon the land, which cannot return (for then they must ascend, which is impossible to nature) nor continue, but do utterly dry up, and evaporate; sc, &c., Job 14:11. Others read it thus, As when the waters from the sea fail, the flood decayeth, and drieth up; so when man’ s life is taken away, it returns no more while this world lasteth. God hath made…
Read John Trapp on Job 14 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(11) As the waters fail from the sea seems commonly to have been misunderstood from its having been taken as a comparison; but there is no particle denoting comparison in the Hebrew. Moreover, the water never fails from the sea, nor do great rivers like the Nile or the Euphrates ever dry up. The comparison that is implied, but not expressed, is one of contrariety. The waters will have failed from the sea, and the rivers will have wasted and become dry, and yet the man who hath lain down (in death) will not arise: i.e., sooner than that shall happen, the sea will fail and the great rivers become dry. This appears to give a sense far better and more appropriate to the context. The Authorised…
Read Charles John Ellicott on Job 14 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 11. The waters fail from the sea] I believe this refers to evaporation, and nothing else. As the waters are evaporated from the sea, and the river in passing over the sandy desert is partly exsiccated, and partly absorbed; and yet the waters of the sea are not exhausted, as these vapours, being condensed, fall down in rain, and by means of rivers return again into the sea: so man is imperceptibly removed from his fellows by death and dissolution; yet the human race is still continued, the population of the earth being kept up by perpetual generations.
Read AdamClarke on Job 14 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges11. fail from the sea] i. e. the inland sea or pool, cf. Isaiah 19:5; so in Arabic bahr, sea, is any mass of water whether salt or fresh, and also a river. the flood] the stream. A graphic figure for complete extinction.
Read Cambridge on Job 14 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleAs the waters fail from the sea - As the waters evaporate wholly, and leave the bottom wholly dry, so it is with man, who passes entirely away, and leaves nothing. But to what fact Job refers here, is not known.
Read Albert Barnes on Job 14 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
As water disappears from the sea and a river becomes parched and dry,
As the waters fail from the sea, and the river wastes and dries up,
As water disappears from the sea and a river becomes parched and dry,
As water disappears from the sea, or a river drains away and dries up,
Tyndale line
As the waters fail from the sea, and the flood decayeth and drieth up:
As the waters fail from the sea, And the river wasteth and drieth up;
As the waters fail from the sea, and the river decayeth and drieth up;
As the waters fail from the sea, and the flood decayeth and drieth up:
As the waters passe from the sea, and as the flood decayeth and dryeth vp,
Strictly literal
The waters recede from the lake, and the river wasteth and drieth up:
Waters have gone away from a sea, And a river becometh waste and dry.
Waters have gone away from a sea, || And a river becomes waste and dry.
The waters run off from the sea, and the river faileth and drieth up:
As water disappears from a lake, and as a river loses water and dries up,
From the Latin
As if the waters should depart out of the sea, and an emptied river should be dried up:
Simplified
Like water evaporating from a lake and a river that dries up and disappears,
The waters go from a pool, and a river becomes waste and dry;
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree in their wording for Job 14:11, with six out of seven words matching. This consistency reinforces the shared understanding of the imagery Job employs regarding the inevitability of death.
אָֽזְלוּ־ מַ֭יִם מִנִּי־ יָ֑ם וְ֝נָהָ֗ר יֶחֱרַ֥ב וְיָבֵֽשׁ׃
6 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Job 14:11
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
אָזַל (azal) is a primitive root meaning to go away or to disappear, often used poetically. It covers actions like going about, being exhausted, or being used up. The word also has a Pual form, indicating a sense of going to and fro. Some lexicons note its use in contexts like Ezekiel 27:19, where it can refer to 'yarn'.
אָזַל vb. go (mostly poet.) Qal go away; go about; be gone, exhausted, used up
Pu. yarn, spin
base
H235 אָזַל go (mostly poet.) .go away; go about; be gone, exhausted, used up
. yarn, spin
235 'azal aw-zal'
a primitive root; to go away, hence, to disappear:--fail,
gad about, go to and fro (but in Ezek. 27:19 the word is
rendered by many "from Uzal," by others "yarn"), be gone
(spent).
אָזַל (a.zal) — be gone.
1) to go, to go away, to go about
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to go away
1a2) to go about
1a3) to be used up, be exhausted, be gone, evaporated
1b) (Pual) to go to and fro
V-Qal-Perf-3cp — Verb · Qal · perfect third person common pluralHVqp3cp
מַי (mayim) is a Hebrew word meaning 'water' and is used in the plural form. It encompasses various meanings, including literal water, urine, and metaphorical uses related to refreshment or danger. The entries indicate it is derived from a primitive noun and is primarily referenced in contexts involving water.
[מַי] 580 n.m. only pl. מַ֫יִם waters, water
base
H4325 מַי only pl. מַ֫יִם waters, water
4325 mayim mah'-yim
dual of a primitive noun (but used in a singular sense);
water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen:--+
piss, wasting, water(-ing, (-course, -flood, -spring)).
מַי (ma.yim) — water.
1) water, waters
1a) water
1b) water of the feet, urine
1c) of danger, violence, transitory things, refreshment (fig.)
מַי (ma.yim) — Water (Gate).
This name means water, refreshment
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural absoluteHNcmpa
wo'-terz (mayim, plural of may, "water"; in the New Testament hudor, "water"; kindunois potamon (2Co 11:26), the King James Version "perils of waters," is in the Revised Version (British and American) "perils of rivers"): In the New Testament there is frequent reference to the water of baptism. Pilate washes his hands with water to signify his guiltlessness. Jesus tells the Samaritan woman of the living water. The Lamb shall guide the redeemed unto fountains of waters of life.
The uses of mayim are well classified in BDB, especially the figurative references, as follows: a symbol of distress, "when thou passest through the waters" (Isa 43:2); of force, "like the breach of waters" (2Sa 5:20); of that which is overwhelming, "a…
The Hebrew word מִן־ (*min*) is a preposition meaning 'from' or 'out of,' indicating separation or origin. It covers various uses, including temporal references, comparisons, and causal relationships. Additionally, it can denote a portion when used as a noun מֵן (*men*). The entries highlight its versatility in expressing different nuances of separation and position.
מִן־, and מִ, before יְ, prep. expressing the idea of separation, hence out of, from, on account of, off, on the side of, since, above, than, so that not
with verbs expressing (or implying) separation or removal
from, against
מן also, without a verb of similar significance, sometimes expresses the idea of separation, away from, far from
of position, off, on the side of, on
Out of, Gk. ἐκ, Lat. ex
Partitively
Of time—
as marking the terminus a quo, the anterior limit of a continuous period from, since
as marking the period immediately succeeding the limit after
towards, to
(וְעַד) עַד … מִן from … even to
In comparisons, beyond, above
מן is prefixed to an infin.:
with causal force, from, on account of, through
after verbs implying restraint, prevention, cessation, etc.
with a temporal force, since, after
Once as a conj. before a finite verb. that
In compounds:
base
H4480a מִן־, מִ, prep. expressing the idea of separation, hence out of, from, on account of, off, on the side of, since, above, than, so that not . with verbs expressing (or implying) separation or removal . from, against
. מן also, without a verb of similar significance, sometimes expresses the idea of separation, away from, far from
. of position, off, on the side of, on
. Out of, Gk. ἐκ, Lat. ex
. Partitively
. Of time— . as marking the terminus a quo, the anterior limit of a continuous period from, since
. as marking the period immediately succeeding the limit after
. towards, to
. (וְעַד) עַד … מִן from … even to
. In comparisons, beyond, above
. מן is prefixed to an infin.: . with causal force, from, on account of, through
. after verbs implying restraint, prevention, cessation, etc.
. with a temporal force, since, after
. Once as a conj. before a finite verb. that
4480 min min
or minniy {min-nee'}; or minney (constructive plural)
{min-nay'}; (Isaiah 30:11); for 4482; properly, a part of;
hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses (as
follows):--above, after, among, at, because of, by (reason
of), from (among), in, X neither, X nor, (out) of, over,
since, X then, through, X whether, with.
see HEBREW for 04482
מִן־ (min) — from.
prep
1) from, out of, on account of, off, on the side of, since, above, than, so that not, more than
1a) from (expressing separation), off, on the side of
1b) out of
1b1) (with verbs of proceeding, removing, expelling)
1b2) (of material from which something is made)
1b3) (of source or origin)
1c) out of, some of, from (partitively)
1d) from, since, after (of time)
1e) than, more than (in comparison)
1f) from...even to, both...and, either...or
1g) than, more than, too much for (in comparisons)
1h) from, on account of, through, because (with infinitive)
conj
2) that
Aramaic equivalent: min (מִן־ "from" H4481)
מֵן (men) — portion.
n.m.
portion
Prep — PrepositionHR
יָם (yam) means 'sea' and refers to various large bodies of water, including the Mediterranean, Red, and Dead Seas, as well as the Sea of Galilee. It can also denote a mighty river like the Nile and has geographical implications, indicating directions such as west or south. The term is derived from a root meaning to roar, suggesting the noise of breaking surf.
יָם 390 n.m. sea
base
H3220 יָם sea
3220 yam yawm
from an unused root meaning to roar; a sea (as breaking in
noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the
article), the Mediterranean Sea; sometimes a large river, or
an artifical basin; locally, the west, or (rarely) the
south:--sea (X -faring man, (-shore)), south, west (-ern,
side, -ward).
יָם (yam) — sea.
: sea
1) sea
1a) Mediterranean Sea
1b) Red Sea
1c) Dead Sea
1d) Sea of Galilee
1e) sea (general)
1f) mighty river (Nile)
1g) the sea (the great basin in the temple court)
1h) seaward, west, westward
יָם (yam) — sea: west.
: west
1) sea
1a) Mediterranean Sea
1b) Red Sea
1c) Dead Sea
1d) Sea of Galilee
1e) sea (general)
1f) mighty river (Nile)
1g) the sea (the great basin in the temple court)
1h) seaward, west, westward
יָם (yam) — (Mt. Ephron in the) West.
This name means sea, seaward, westward
Another name of eph.ron (עֶפְרוֹן "(Mount )Ephron" H6085H)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
se (yam; thalassa; in Ac 27:5 pelagos): The Mediterranean is called ha-yam ha-gadhol, "the great sea" (Nu 34:6; Jos 1:4; Eze 47:10, etc.); ha-yam ha-'acharon, "the hinder," or "western sea" (De 11:24; 34:2; Joe 2:20; Zec 14:8); yam pelishtim, "the sea of the Philis" (Ex 23:31); the King James Version translates yam yapho' in Ezr 3:7 by "sea of Joppa," perhaps rightly.
The sea, yam , is used in Scripture to denote-- "The gathering of the waters," "the Ocean." (Genesis 1:2,10; 30:13) etc. Some portion of this, as the Mediterranean Sea, called the "hinder," the "western" and the "utmost" sea, (11:24; 34:2; Joel 2:20) "sea of the Philistines," (Exodus 23:31) "the great sea," (Numbers 36:6,7; Joshua 15:47) "the sea." Genesis49:13; Psal 80:11 Also frequently of the Red Sea. (Exodus 15:4) [RED SEA SEA] Inland lakes termed seas, as the Salt or Dead Sea. [See the special article] Any…
The Hebrews give the name of sea to any large collection of water, Job 14:11; as to the lakes of Tiberias and Asphaltites, and also to the rivers Nile and Euphrates, Isa 11:15 18:2 21:1 Jer 51:36,42. The principal seas mentioned in Scripture are the following:
1. The GREAT SEA, the Mediterranean, called also the Hinder or Western Sea. Indeed, the Hebrew word for sea, meaning the Mediterranean, is often put for the west. The Great Sea is 2,200 miles long, and in the widest part 1,200 miles in width. In many places it is so deep as to give no soundings. It is little affected by tides, but is often agitated by violent winds. The prevailing direction of the wind in spring is from the southeast and southwest and from the northeast…
→ Creation of Ge 1:9,10; Ps 95:5; 148:4,5
→ Lake Galilee calmed by Jesus Mt 8:24-26; Mr 4:37-39
→ Jesus walked upon Lake Galilee Mt 14:25-31
נָהָר (nahar) means 'stream' or 'river' and can refer to various water bodies, including the Nile and Euphrates. It also has a figurative sense of prosperity. The word is derived from a root meaning related to flowing water and has an Aramaic equivalent, נְהַר (ne.har).
נָהָר 120 n.m. stream, river
base
H5104 נָהָר stream, river
5104 nahar naw-hawr'
from 5102; a stream (including the sea; expec. the Nile,
Euphrates, etc.); figuratively, prosperity:--flood, river.
see HEBREW for 05102
נָהָר (na.har) — River.
This name means stream, river
Another name of pe.rat (פְּרָת "Euphrates" H6578)
נָהָר (na.har) — river.
1) stream, river
1a) stream, river
1b) (underground) streams
Aramaic equivalent: ne.har (נְהַר "river" H5103H)
Conj | N-ms — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular absoluteHC/Ncmsa
riv'-er:
(1) The usual word is nahar (Aramaic nehar (Ezr 4:10, etc.)), used of the rivers of Eden (Ge 2:10-14), often of the Euphrates (Ge 15:18, etc.), of Abana and Pharpar (2Ki 5:12), the river of Gozan (2Ki 17:6), the river Chebar (Eze 1:1), the rivers (canals?) of Babylon (Ps 137:1), the rivers of Ethiopia (Isa 18:1; Ze 3:10). Compare nahr, the common Arabic word for "river."
River
(1.) Heb. ‘aphik, properly the channel or ravine that holds water (2 Sam. 22:16), translated “brook,” “river,” “stream,” but not necessarily a perennial stream (Ezek. 6:3; 31:12; 32:6; 34:13).
(2.) Heb. nahal, in winter a “torrent,” in summer a “wady” or valley (Gen. 32:23; Deut. 2:24; 3:16; Isa. 30:28; Lam. 2:18; Ezek. 47:9).
These winter torrents sometimes come down with great suddenness and with desolating force. A distinguished traveller thus describes his experience in this matter…
In the sense in which we employ the word viz. for a perennial stream of considerable size, a river is a much rarer object in the East than in the West. With the exception of the Jordan and the Litany, the streams of the holy land are either entirely dried up in the summer months converted into hot lanes of glaring stones, or else reduced to very small streamlets, deeply sunk in a narrow bed, and concealed from view by a dense growth of shrubs. The perennial river is called nahar by the Hebrews. With the definite article, "the river," it signifies invariably the Euphrates. (Genesis 31:21; Exodus 23:31; Numbers 24:6; 2 Samuel 10:16) etc. It is never applied to the fleeting…
This word answers in our Bible to various Hebrew terms, of which the principal are the following:
1. Yeor, an Egyptian word signifying river. It is always applied to the Nile and its various canals, except in Job 28:10 Da 12:5,6,7 2. Nahar, applied, like our word river, to constantly flowing streams, such as the Euphrates. In our version this word is sometimes rendered "flood," Jos 24:2,3, etc.
3. Nahal, a torrent-bed, or valley through which water flows in the rainy season only, Nu 34:5, etc; frequently rendered "brook," Nu 13:28 Job 6:15, etc. Such streams are to the…
חָרֵב (charab) is a Hebrew verb with meanings related to dryness and destruction. It can refer to being dry or dried up, as well as to making something waste or desolate. Additionally, it can mean to attack or slay. The entries indicate a range of uses, from physical desiccation to metaphorical desolation, but do not present any significant disagreement among lexicons.
[חָרֵב] vb. be dry, dried up
Qal be dry, dried up
Pu. of fresh bow-strings
Hiph. of י׳ drying up rivers
base
[חָרֵב] be waste, desolate
Qal be waste, desolate
Niph. as adj., desolate city
Hiph. lay waste, make desolate
Hoph. she is laid waste
base
[חָרַב] vb. (Aram. and rare) attack, smite down
Qal attack
Niph. the kings have attacked one another, fought together
Hoph. 2 K 3:23
base
H2717a חָרֵב be dry, dried up H2717b חָרֵב be waste, desolate H2717c חָרַב attack, smite down
2717 charab khaw-rab'
or chareb {khaw-rabe'}; a primitive root; to parch (through
drought) i.e. (by analogy,) to desolate, destroy, kill:--
decay, (be) desolate, destroy(-er), (be) dry (up), slay, X
surely, (lay, lie, make) waste.
חָרֵב (cha.rev) — to dry.
1) to be dry, be dried up
1a) (Qal) to be dried, be dried up
1b) (Pual) to be dried
1c) (Hiphil) to dry up
1d) (Hophal) to be dried up
חָרֵב (cha.rev) — to destroy.
1) to be waste, lay waste, make desolate, be desolate, be in ruins
1a) (Qal) to be waste, be desolate
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be made desolate
1b2) desolate (participle)
1c) (Hiphil) to lay waste, make desolate
1d) (Hophal) to be laid waste
Aramaic equivalent: cha.rav (חֲרַב "be wasted" H2718)
חָרַב (cha.rav) — to slay.
to attack, smite down, slay, fight
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singularHVqi3ms
יָבֵשׁ (yabesh) primarily means to be dry or to wither. It can refer to something that is dried up or lacking moisture, as well as the act of drying something out. The word has different forms, including Qal (to be dry), Piel (to make dry), and Hiphil (to dry up). It conveys a sense of desiccation or loss of vitality.
יָבֵשׁ vb. be dry, dried up, withered
Qal
be dry, dried up without moisture
be dried up
Pi. make dry, dry up
Hiph. dry up, make dry
dry up water
make dry, wither
exhibit dryness
base
H3001 יָבֵשׁ be dry, dried up, withered
3001 yabesh yaw-bashe'
a primitive root; to be ashamed, confused or disappointed;
also (as failing) to dry up (as water) or wither (as
herbage):--be ashamed, clean, be confounded, (make) dry (up),
(do) shame(-fully), X utterly, wither (away).
יָבֵשׁ (ya.vesh) — to wither.
1) to make dry, wither, be dry, become dry, be dried up, be withered
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be dry, be dried up, be without moisture
1a2) to be dried up
1b) (Piel) to make dry, dry up
1c) (Hiphil)
1c1) to dry up, make dry
1c1a) to dry up (water)
1c1b) to make dry, wither
1c1c) to exhibit dryness
Conj | V-Qal-3ms — Verb · Qal · sequential perfect third person masculine singularHc/Vqq3ms
