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Job 35:3 — Word Study

Depth

WLCכִּֽי־ תֹ֭אמַר מַה־ יִּסְכָּן־ לָ֑ךְ מָֽה־ אֹ֝עִ֗יל מֵֽחַטָּאתִֽי׃

BSAForkîy [because, since] you askʼâmar [say, speak] Whatmâh [in what way, how] does it profitçâkan [be useful, benefit] and whatmâh [in what way, how] benefit do I gainyaʻal [gain, advantage, acquire, obtain] apart from sinchaṭṭâʼâh [without, separate from, transgression, rebellion, or what good have I received for not sinning]

Word
Listen & take awayJob 35
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 3 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (Me.cha.ta.Ti) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Job 35:3quick helps
In a sentenceJob questions the value of righteousness if it brings no tangible benefit.
Who is speakingJob, responding to his friends.
Where we areJob is in a dialogue, challenging the assumptions about sin and righteousness.
The hard wordיִּסְכָּן
Take awayJob is expressing a deep frustration with the perceived lack of reward for righteousness.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause verbאָמַר The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Job 35:3

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — Job's Dialogue with His Friendsgenerated

2“Do you think this is just? You say, ‘I am more righteous than God.’
3For you ask, ‘What does it profit me, and what benefit do I gain apart from sin?’
4I will reply to you and to your friends as well.
5Look to the heavens and see; gaze at the clouds high above you.

Job 35:3 reveals Job's frustration as he questions the benefit of righteousness when it seems to yield no profit. He is responding to his friends who have suggested that his suffering is a result of sin. Job's inquiry reflects a broader theme in the book about the nature of justice and divine reward.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Job 9:21–22Though I am blameless, I have no concern for myself; I despise my own life.
2Job 10:15If I am guilty, woe to me! And even if I am righteous, I cannot lift my head. I am full of shame and aware of my affliction.
3Job 21:15Who is the Almighty, that we should serve Him, and what would we gain if we pray to Him?’
4Job 31:2For what is the allotment of God from above, or the heritage from the Almighty on high?
5Job 34:9For he has said, ‘It profits a man nothing that he should delight in God.’

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 7 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word יִּסְכָּן, yis.kongenerated

The verb סָכַן (cakan) means to be of use or to benefit. It is derived from a root that conveys the idea of usefulness or service. In this context, Job is asking whether his righteousness will yield any benefit or usefulness to him.

The parsing as an imperfect third person masculine singular indicates an ongoing or future action, suggesting Job's uncertainty about whether his righteousness will indeed be of any value.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, which uses profit and benefit consistently with the original Hebrew.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The finite verb תֹ֭אמַר (to.mar) governs the entire verse, with multiple clauses and phrases expanding on Job's inquiry. The structure emphasizes Job's questioning nature.

The first clause introduces Job's statement, followed by a series of interrogative phrases, creating a layered inquiry into the value of righteousness in the absence of reward.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

In the Septuagint, the Hebrew יִּסְכָּן is rendered as ὠφελήσει (ōphelēsei), meaning 'will it be of benefit?'. This choice narrows the focus to the idea of benefit, aligning closely with Job's questioning of the usefulness of his actions.

The Greek translation does not capture the full range of the Hebrew verb's implications, which includes service and utility.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Job 35:3 shows Job questioning the value of being righteous if it does not bring any benefit. He is expressing frustration about the apparent lack of reward for not sinning, asking what good it does him.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does Job mean by 'what does it profit me'?

Job is questioning the value of his righteousness and what he gains from it if it does not lead to any benefit.

Why does Job mention sin in his question?

Job refers to sin to highlight the contrast between righteousness and wrongdoing, questioning the reward for living a righteous life.

What is the significance of Job's questioning tone?

Job's questioning reflects his deep struggle with understanding divine justice and the relationship between human actions and their consequences.

How does this verse relate to the overall theme of Job?

This verse encapsulates the central theme of Job's dialogue about suffering, righteousness, and the seeming lack of reward for good behavior.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. What does this verse reveal about our understanding of righteousness and its rewards?
  2. In what ways can we relate to Job's feelings of frustration regarding justice?
  3. How do we reconcile the idea of suffering with the belief in a just God?
  4. What can we learn from Job's questioning attitude in our own struggles?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

The early church fathers comment on this verse to discuss the nature of righteousness and divine justice. Their insights are drawn from their reflections on Job's words.

Julian of EclanumEXPOSITION ON THE BOOK OF Job 35:3-4 c. 386–455
“He said, you do not like what is virtuous.” Elihu says that holy Job had a wrong opinion about God, and these words are gathered from his reflections, because God is offended by this fact, as Job ascribes to him the errors of others.
Early Church Fathers on Job 35 →
Gregory the DialogistMorals on the Book of Job, Book XXVI c. 540–604
For thou saidst, that which is right doth not please thee, or what will it profit thee, if I shall have sinned. If the whole course of the book is attended to, blessed Job is proved to have said none of these things.
Early Church Fathers on Job 35 →

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Job 35:3 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

For thou saidst, what advantage will it be unto thee?.... Meaning that his righteousness, his holy life and conversation, were of no avail to him: he received no more benefit by being righteous than

Read John Gill on Job 35 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

For thou saidst, What advantage will it be unto thee? and, What profit shall I have, if I be cleansed from my sin?

Read Robert Jamieson on Job 35 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

This verse contains the proof of the foregoing charges. Job had oft affirmed that he was, and still continued to be, righteous, though he had no present benefit by it, but much bitterness with it; and God was not kind to Job, notwithstanding all his former and present piety, but dealt with him as if he had been a most wicked man; which was in effect to say, that he was more righteous than God. What advantage will it, to wit, his righteousness last mentioned, be unto thee, i.e. unto me; such changes of persons being very frequent in the Hebrew language. If I be cleansed from my sin; or, by the expiation of my sin; for the same Hebrew word signifies both to sin and to purge out or expiate…

Read Matthew Poole on Job 35 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Job 35:3 For thou saidst, What advantage will it be unto thee? [and], What profit shall I have, [if I be cleansed] from my sin?Ver. 3. For thou saidst, What advantage will it be unto thee?] Here he endeavours to prove the charge, grounding upon some words of Job’ s, as Job 9:22; Job 10:15, which seem to hold out thus much, that no good was to be gotten by leaving evil ways, since good men and bad suffer and perish together. But we must know, that Job herein reasoned not of those things that happen after death, but only of the prosperous or unhappy estate of this life present; denying, and that rightly, that we are hereby to judge God’ s love or hatred, or of any man’ s honest or dishonest…

Read John Trapp on Job 35 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 3. What advantage will it be unto thee?] As if he had said to God, "My righteousness cannot profit thee, nor do I find that it is of any benefit to myself." Or perhaps Elihu makes here a general assertion, which he afterwards endeavours to exemplify: Thou hast been reasoning how it may profit thee, and thou hast said, "What profit shall I have in righteousness more than in sin?"

Read AdamClarke on Job 35 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

2–4. Statement of Job’s charge against God that under His rule of the world to be righteous is no advantage to a man. The verses read, 2. Thinkest thou this to be thy right, And callest thou it, My just cause against God, 3. That thou sayest, What advantage hast thou? And, What am I profited more than if I had sinned? Throughout Elihu’s speeches there runs the idea of a cause or plea between Job and God. Job is regarded by him as maintaining that he has a right or just cause against God. Elihu here asks if Job considers that the rectitude of his cause will appear in his maintaining that godliness profits a man nothing?—the word this in Job 35:2 refers to the questions in Job 35:3. If Job…

Read Cambridge on Job 35 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

For thou saidst - Another sentiment of a similar kind which Elihu proposes to examine.

Read Albert Barnes on Job 35 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

3. What profit… my sin — Literally, What shall I gain more than by my sin? In Job 9:22; Job 21:23-26 Job had seemed to say that the perfect and the wicked are alike to God.

Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Job 35 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

For you ask, ‘What does it profit me, and what benefit do I gain apart from sin?’

WEBWorld English Bible2000

that you ask, ‘What advantage will it be to you? What profit will I have, more than if I had sinned?’

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

For you ask, ‘What does it profit me, and what benefit do I gain apart from sin?’

NETBNew English Translation2006

But you say, ‘What will it profit you,’ and, ‘What do I gain by not sinning?’

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

For thou saidst, What advantage will it be unto thee? and, What profit shall I have, if I be cleansed from my sin?

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

That thou sayest, What advantage will it be unto thee? And, What profit shall I have, more than if I had sinned?

RVARevised Version, American1894

That thou sayest, What advantage will it be unto thee? and, What profit shall I have, more than if I had sinned?

NWBWebster's Bible1833

For thou saidst, What advantage will it be to thee? and , What profit shall I have, if I be cleansed from my sin?

GNVGeneva Bible1599

For thou hast said, What profiteth it thee and what auaileth it me, to purge me from my sinne?

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

For thou hast asked of what profit it is unto thee: what do I gain more than if I had sinned?

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

For thou sayest, 'What doth it profit Thee! What do I profit from my sin?'

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

For you say, What does it profit You? What do I profit from my sin?

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

For thou sayest, “What benefit will it be unto thee? what more profit shall I have, than if I had sinned?”

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

For you ask, 'What use is it to me?' and, 'Would I be better off if I had sinned?'

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

For thou saidst: That which is right doth not please thee: or what will it profit thee if I sin?

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

And you ask, ‘What benefit do I get? What good has it done me by not sinning?’

BBEBible in Basic English1949

What profit is it to me, and how am I better off than if I had done wrong?

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

כִּֽי(cmp)clauseverbתֹ֭אמַרyou.sayclauseclausesubjectמַהwhat?verbיִּסְכָּןwill.it.be.of.useprepositional phrase · prepositionalלָ֑toךְyouclauseobjectמָֽהwhat?verbאֹ֝עִ֗ילwill.I.profitprepositional phrase · prepositionalמֵֽfromnoun phraseחַטָּאתִֽsinיmy

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text reads כִּֽי־ תֹ֭אמַר מַה־ יִּסְכָּן־ לָ֑ךְ מָֽה־ אֹ֝עִ֗יל מֵֽחַטָּאתִֽי׃, while the Septuagint matches only 4 of the 8 words, indicating a partial correspondence in meaning but differing in structure and emphasis.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

כִּֽי־ תֹ֭אמַר מַה־ יִּסְכָּן־ לָ֑ךְ מָֽה־ אֹ֝עִ֗יל מֵֽחַטָּאתִֽי׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
כִּֽי־תֹ֭אמַרἐρεῖςמָֽה־τίאֹ֝עִ֗ילποιήσω

4 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Job 35:3כִּיforforכִּיאָמַרyou sayyou sayאָמַרמָהwhat?what?מָהסָכַןwill it be will it be of uסָכַןךְto youto youךְמָהwhat?what?מָהיָעַלwill I profwill I profitיָעַלחַטָּאָהfrom sin myfrom sin myחַטָּאָהחָטָאto sinto sinחָטָאכָּ֫כָהthusthusכָּ֫כָהפָּעַלto workto workפָּעַליָדַעto knowto knowיָדַעכֹּהthusthusכֹּהיהוהYHWH/GodYHWH/Godיהוהיָעַלto gainto gainיָעַלתֹּ֫הוּformlessneformlessnessתֹּ֫הוּשָׂעִרhairyhairyשָׂעִרעֵזgoatgoatעֵז
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Job 35:3

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

for you say what? will it be of use to you what? will I profit from sin my
כִּֽי־ki- for H3588 Particle
4,483× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A conjunction used to show cause or connection, as in Genesis 2:23 where Adam says the woman is bone of his bone because she was taken out of him. It is often translated as 'for', 'because', or 'since'.
Amplified meaning
because, since
Tyndale gloss
for
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כִּי (ki) is a conjunction primarily meaning 'that,' 'for,' or 'when.' It indicates causal relationships and can express conditions like 'if' or 'though.' The word is versatile, appearing in various contexts to convey certainty, exception, or concession. Notably, it can combine with other particles to modify its meaning, such as in the phrase כִּי אם־ (ki im), meaning 'that if.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כִּי conj. that, for, when

that

Of time, when, of the past

elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם

when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though

Because, since

base

כִּי אם־

each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause:

that if

for if

(About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause—

limiting the prec. clause, except

the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but

after an oath, surely

base

כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3588a כִּי that, for, when . that

. . Of time, when, of the past

. elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם

. when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though

. Because, since

H3588b כִּי אם־ . each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause: . that if

. for if

. (About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause— . limiting the prec. clause, except

. the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but

. after an oath, surely

H3588c כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3588 kiy kee

a primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional

prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent

or consequent; (by implication) very widely used as a relative

conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by

other particles annexed:--and, + (forasmuch, inasmuch,

where-)as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else,

even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, +

nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then,

therefore, + (al- )though, + till, truly, + until, when,

whether, while, whom, yea, yet.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כִּי (ki) — for.

1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since

1a) that

1a1) yea, indeed

1b) when (of time)

1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)

1c) because, since (causal connection)

1d) but (after negative)

1e) that if, for if, indeed if, for though, but if

1f) but rather, but

1g) except that

1h) only, nevertheless

1i) surely

1j) that is

1k) but if

1l) for though

1m) forasmuch as, for therefore

כִּי [אם] (ki im) — that if: except.

1) except if

1a) but if

1b) even though

כִּי [עַל כֵּן] (ki [al ken]) — for as that: since.

1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since

1a) that

1a1) yea, indeed

1b) when (of time)

1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)

1c) because, since (causal connection)

1d) but (after negative)

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj — Particle
HTc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

for (ki (conjunction), le, from 'el (preposition), and various other words. In the New Testament also the words are various, chiefly gar, kai gar, hoti (conjunctions); anti apo eis dia (accusative), epi (dative and accusative), peri (genitive), pros (genitive and accusative), huper (genitive) (prepositions)): the English Revised Version and the American Standard Revised Version give in many cases more literal or more accurate renderings than those in the King James Version.

In the New Testament the most important preps. from a doctrinal point of view are anti, "face to face," "over against," "instead," "on behalf of," peri, "around," "about," "concerning," huper, "over," "on behalf of." The first has been claimed as stating the substitutionary nature of Christ's sacrifice as contrasted with huper and peri, more frequently used of it. But, although anti in the New Testament often means…

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
for you say what? will it be of use to you what? will I profit from sin my
תֹ֭אמַרTo.mar you say H559 Verb · Qal · imperfect second person masculine singular
5,309× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to say or speak, and it's used in many different ways in the Bible. It can mean to command, promise, or think, and it's translated in the KJV as 'answer', 'appoint', or 'command'.
Amplified meaning
say, speak
Tyndale gloss
to say
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אָמַר (amar) is a Hebrew verb meaning 'to say' or 'to utter,' with a broad range of uses including to promise, command, or even boast. It appears in various forms, such as in the Qal (to say), Niphal (to be told), and Hiphil (to avow). The entries highlight its versatility in both spoken and internal contexts, though no specific verse is noted.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אָמַר 5287 vb. utter, say

Qal

Say

Say in the heart (= think)

Promise

Command (esp. late)

Niph. be said, told

Hiph. avow, avouch (lit. cause to declare)

Hithp. act proudly, boast

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H559 אָמַר utter, say .. Say

. Say in the heart (= think)

. Promise

. Command (esp. late)

. be said, told

. avow, avouch (lit. cause to declare)

. act proudly, boast

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

559 'amar aw-mar'

a primitive root; to say (used with great

latitude):--answer, appoint, avouch, bid, boast self, call,

certify, challenge, charge, + (at the, give) command(-ment),

commune, consider, declare, demand, X desire, determine, X

expressly, X indeed, X intend, name, X plainly, promise,

publish, report, require, say, speak (against, of), X still, X

suppose, talk, tell, term, X that is, X think, use (speech),

utter, X verily, X yet.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אָמַר (a.mar) — to say.

1) to say, speak, utter

1a) (Qal) to say, to answer, to say in one's heart, to think, to command, to promise, to intend

1b) (Niphal) to be told, to be said, to be called

1c) (Hithpael) to boast, to act proudly

1d) (Hiphil) to avow, to avouch

Aramaic equivalent: a.mar (אֲמַר "to say" H0560)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Imperf-2ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect second person masculine singular
HVqi2ms
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
for you say what? will it be of use to you what? will I profit from sin my
מַה־mah- what? H4100 Pronoun
753× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means what or how, often used to ask questions or express surprise, like in Genesis when God asks Adam what he has done. It can also mean why or when, and is used in various ways throughout the Old Testament. It appears in many KJV translations, including how or what.
Amplified meaning
in what way, how
Tyndale gloss
what?
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מָה (mah) is a Hebrew word primarily used as an interrogative particle meaning 'what?' or 'how?'. It can also function as an indefinite pronoun, encompassing meanings like 'anything' or 'whatever'. The word is versatile, appearing in various adverbial forms and often used with prefixes to express different nuances, such as reason or manner.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מָה, rarely מָה־, מַה־, מַה‍ּ, מֶה, מַ‍ּ, מָ—pron.interrog. and indef. what? how? aught

interrog. what?

Used adverbially

Indef. pron.

With preps.

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4100 מָה, rarely מָה־, מַה־, מַה‍ּ, מֶה, מַ‍ּ, מָ—pron. interrog. and indef. what? how? aught . interrog. what?

. Used adverbially

. Indef. pron.

. With preps.

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4100 mah maw

or mah {mah}; or ma {maw}; or ma {mah}; also meh {meh}; a

primitive particle; properly, interrogative what? (including

how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including

how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and even

relatively, that which); often used with prefixes in various

adverbial or conjunctive senses:--how (long, oft, (-

soever)), (no-)thing, what (end, good, purpose, thing),

whereby(-fore, -in, -to, -with), (for) why.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מָה (mah) — what?.

interr pron

1) what, how, of what kind

1a) (interrogative)

1a1) what?

1a2) of what kind

1a3) what? (rhetorical)

1a4) whatsoever, whatever, what

1b) (adverb)

1b1) how, how now

1b2) why

1b3) how! (exclamation)

1c) (with prep)

1c1) wherein?, whereby?, wherewith?, by what means?

1c2) because of what?

1c3) the like of what?

1c3a) how much?, how many?, how often?

1c3b) for how long?

1c4) for what reason?, why?, to what purpose?

1c5) until when?, how long?, upon what?, wherefore?

indef pron

2) anything, aught, what may

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Part — Pronoun
HPi
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
for you say what? will it be of use to you what? will I profit from sin my
יִּסְכָּן־yis.kon- will it be of use H5532 Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singular
12× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to be useful or serve someone, like a steward helping their master. It appears in various forms, including being profitable or customary. In the Bible, it is used to describe being of benefit to others.
Amplified meaning
be useful, benefit
Tyndale gloss
be useful
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

סָכַן (cakan) is a Hebrew verb meaning to be of use, service, or benefit. It encompasses the idea of being familiar with something and implies ministering or being customary. The Qal form indicates usefulness or service, while the Hiphil form suggests exhibiting habits or familiarity.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[סָכַן] vb. be of use or service, benefit

Qal

be of use or service

benefit, profit

Hiph. be used, wont, strictly exhibit use, or habit

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5532 [סָכַן] be of use or service, benefit

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5532 cakan saw-kan'

a primitive root; to be familiar with; by implication, to

minister to, be serviceable to, be customary:--acquaint

(self), be advantage, X ever, (be, (un-))profit(-able),

treasurer, be wont.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

סָכַן (sa.khan) — be useful.

1) to be of use or service or profit or benefit

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to be of use or service

1a2) servitor, steward (participle)

1a3) to benefit, profit

1b) (Hiphil) to be used, be wont, exhibit use or habit, show harmony with, be familiar with, know intimately

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singular
HVqi3ms
for you say what? will it be of use to you what? will I profit from sin my
לָ֑ךְLakh to you H9032 Preposition · suffix
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

ךְ (kh) — you.

Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 2nd person feminine singular

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HR/Sp2ms — Preposition · suffix
HR/Sp2ms
for you say what? will it be of use to you what? will I profit from sin my
מָֽה־mah- what? H4100 Pronoun
753× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means what or how, often used to ask questions or express surprise, like in Genesis when God asks Adam what he has done. It can also mean why or when, and is used in various ways throughout the Old Testament. It appears in many KJV translations, including how or what.
Amplified meaning
in what way, how
Tyndale gloss
what?
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מָה (mah) is a Hebrew word primarily used as an interrogative particle meaning 'what?' or 'how?'. It can also function as an indefinite pronoun, encompassing meanings like 'anything' or 'whatever'. The word is versatile, appearing in various adverbial forms and often used with prefixes to express different nuances, such as reason or manner.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מָה, rarely מָה־, מַה־, מַה‍ּ, מֶה, מַ‍ּ, מָ—pron.interrog. and indef. what? how? aught

interrog. what?

Used adverbially

Indef. pron.

With preps.

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4100 מָה, rarely מָה־, מַה־, מַה‍ּ, מֶה, מַ‍ּ, מָ—pron. interrog. and indef. what? how? aught . interrog. what?

. Used adverbially

. Indef. pron.

. With preps.

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4100 mah maw

or mah {mah}; or ma {maw}; or ma {mah}; also meh {meh}; a

primitive particle; properly, interrogative what? (including

how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including

how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and even

relatively, that which); often used with prefixes in various

adverbial or conjunctive senses:--how (long, oft, (-

soever)), (no-)thing, what (end, good, purpose, thing),

whereby(-fore, -in, -to, -with), (for) why.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מָה (mah) — what?.

interr pron

1) what, how, of what kind

1a) (interrogative)

1a1) what?

1a2) of what kind

1a3) what? (rhetorical)

1a4) whatsoever, whatever, what

1b) (adverb)

1b1) how, how now

1b2) why

1b3) how! (exclamation)

1c) (with prep)

1c1) wherein?, whereby?, wherewith?, by what means?

1c2) because of what?

1c3) the like of what?

1c3a) how much?, how many?, how often?

1c3b) for how long?

1c4) for what reason?, why?, to what purpose?

1c5) until when?, how long?, upon what?, wherefore?

indef pron

2) anything, aught, what may

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Part — Pronoun
HPi
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
for you say what? will it be of use to you what? will I profit from sin my
אֹ֝עִ֗יל'o.'Il will I profit H3276 Verb · Hiphil · imperfect first person common singular
23× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to gain or ascend, and can also mean to be valuable or beneficial. It is used in various forms in the Bible to convey the idea of profit or advantage.
Amplified meaning
gain, advantage, acquire, obtain
Tyndale gloss
to gain
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יָעַל (ya'al) is a Hebrew verb that primarily appears in the Hiphil form, meaning to profit, benefit, or avail. It is built from a root that suggests the idea of ascending or being valuable. The lexicons emphasize its use in contexts related to gaining or being useful.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[יָעַל] vb. only Hiph. profit, avail, benefit

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3276 יָעַל only Hiph. profit, avail, benefit

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3276 ya`al yaw-al'

a primitive root; properly, to ascend; figuratively, to be

valuable (objectively: useful, subjectively: benefited):--X at

all, set forward, can do good, (be, have) profit, (able).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יָעַל (ya.al) — to gain.

(Hiphil) to gain, profit, benefit, avail

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Hiphil-Imperf-1cs — Verb · Hiphil · imperfect first person common singular
HVhi1cs
for you say what? will it be of use to you what? will I profit from sin my
מֵֽחַטָּאתִֽי׃Me.cha.ta.Ti from sin my H2403 Preposition · noun common feminine singular construct · suffix
295× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word describes sin, guilt, or punishment for sin, and also the sacrifice or purification made to atone for it. It is used in the Bible to describe the consequences and solutions for sin. The KJV translates it as 'punishment' or 'sin'.
Amplified meaning
without, separate from, transgression, rebellion, or what good have I received for not sinning
Tyndale gloss
sin
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

חַטָּאָה (chatta'ah) refers to sin and encompasses various aspects such as the condition of sin, guilt, punishment, and sin-offering. It can denote both the act of sinning and the consequences, including purification from ceremonial uncleanness. The term is built from the root word for offense and is used in contexts relating to sin and its expiation.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

חַטָּאָה n.f. sinful thing, sin, Ex 34:7 (J E) Is 5:18.

done

חַטָּאת n.f. sin, sin-offering

sin

condition of sin, guilt of sin

punishment for sin

sin-offering

purification from sins of ceremonial uncleanness

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2403a חַטָּאָה sin, sin-offering(?) . sin

. sin-offering

H2403b חַטָּאת sin, sin-offering . sin

. condition of sin, guilt of sin

. punishment for sin

. sin-offering

. purification from sins of ceremonial uncleanness

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2403 chatta'ah khat-taw-aw'

or chattacth {khat-tawth'}; from 2398; an offence (sometimes

habitual sinfulness), and its penalty, occasion, sacrifice, or

expiation; also (concretely) an offender:--punishment (of

sin), purifying(-fication for sin), sin(-ner, offering).

see HEBREW for 02398

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

חַטָּאָה (chat.ta.ah) — sin.

sin, sinful thing

חַטָּאת (chat.tat) — sin.

: sin

1) sin, sin offering

1a) sin

1b) condition of sin, guilt of sin

1c) punishment for sin

1d) sin-offering

1e) purification from sins of ceremonial uncleanness

חַטָּאת (chat.tat) — sin: sin offering.

: sin_offering

1) sin, sin offering

1a) sin

1b) condition of sin, guilt of sin

1c) punishment for sin

1d) sin-offering

1e) purification from sins of ceremonial uncleanness

חַטָּאת (chat.tat) — sin: punishment.

: punishment/purification

1) sin, sin offering

1a) sin

1b) condition of sin, guilt of sin

1c) punishment for sin

1d) sin-offering

1e) purification from sins of ceremonial uncleanness

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-fs | Suff — Preposition · noun common feminine singular construct · suffix
HR/Ncfsc/Sp1bs
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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