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Job 6:28 — Word Study

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WLCוְ֭עַתָּה הוֹאִ֣ילוּ פְנוּ־ בִ֑י וְעַל־ פְּ֝נֵיכֶ֗ם אִם־ אֲכַזֵּֽב׃

BSABut nowʻattâh [at this present time, in this moment] pleaseyâʼal lookpânâh [be willing to gaze, turn your eyes] Would I liekâzab [deceive, speak falsely] toʻal your facepânîym [presence, before you]

Word
Listen & take awayJob 6
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 28 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration ('a.kha.Zev) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Job 6:28quick helps
In a sentenceJob appeals to his friends to look at him and questions whether he would lie to them.
Who is speakingJob, addressing his friends directly.
Where we areIn a discourse where Job defends his integrity amid accusations.
The hard wordאֲכַזֵּֽב
Take awayJob insists on his honesty and challenges the judgment of his friends.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause verbיָאַל The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Job 6:28

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — Job Defends His Integritygenerated

27You would even cast lots for an orphan and barter away your friend.
28But now, please look at me. Would I lie to your face?
29Reconsider; do not be unjust. Reconsider, for my righteousness is at stake.
30Is there iniquity on my tongue? Can my mouth not discern malice?

Job 6:28 is part of Job's response to his friends, where he emphasizes his honesty and challenges their accusations. He calls for them to look at him and consider his words carefully, asserting that he would not deceive them. This moment is crucial as it highlights Job's struggle against the unjust perception of his character and the need for truth in their dialogue.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Job 11:3Should your babbling put others to silence? Will you scoff without rebuke?
2Job 13:4You, however, smear with lies; you are all worthless physicians.

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 2 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word אֲכַזֵּֽב, 'a.kha.Zevgenerated

The verb כָּזַב (kazab) is in the Piel stem, indicating an action of lying or deceiving. This form often conveys a more intense or deliberate act of falsehood. Job uses this word to assert his integrity, emphasizing that he would not engage in deceitful behavior.

The parsing indicates that it is in the imperfect tense, first person singular, which shows Job is speaking about his own actions and intentions. This personal declaration underscores the weight of his claim to honesty in a moment of distress.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The main clause centers around the verb הוֹאִ֣ילוּ, be willing, which governs the imperative phrases that follow. Job is asking his friends to turn their attention to him and consider his honesty.

The structure emphasizes Job's direct appeal to his friends, with the imperative verbs הוֹאִ֣ילוּ and פְנוּ commanding them to look at him, followed by the conditional clause introduced by אִם that questions his integrity.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

In the Septuagint, the verb הוֹאִ֣ילוּ is rendered as εἰσβλέψας, which means having looked in. This choice suggests a focus on the act of observing Job closely, which aligns with Job's plea for his friends to consider his situation carefully.

The translation of אֲכַזֵּֽב is not directly represented, indicating a possible interpretive choice by the translators that may not emphasize the notion of lying as strongly as the Hebrew does.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Job 6:28 shows Job asking his friends to look at him and questioning whether he would lie to them. He emphasizes his honesty and challenges their accusations, expressing his desire for them to see the truth in his words.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does Job mean by asking his friends to look at him?

Job is urging his friends to consider his situation and words carefully, emphasizing his integrity and honesty.

Why does Job question if he would lie to their face?

Job is defending himself against accusations and asserting that he is truthful, challenging his friends to recognize his sincerity.

What is the significance of the word 'lie' in this context?

The word 'lie' highlights the seriousness of Job's claim to honesty and the gravity of the accusations against him.

How does Job's plea reflect his emotional state?

Job's plea reveals a deep sense of distress and a desire for understanding from his friends, showcasing his vulnerability in a time of suffering.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. How can I ensure that I communicate honestly with others, especially in difficult situations?
  2. What steps can I take to better understand the perspectives of those who may be in distress, like Job?
  3. In what ways do I confront accusations or misunderstandings in my own life?
  4. How does Job's insistence on honesty challenge me to reflect on my own integrity?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

The early commentators reference this verse to discuss Job's integrity and the nature of his suffering, highlighting the importance of honesty in the face of adversity.

Julian of EclanumEXPOSITION ON THE BOOK OF Job 6:29 c. 386–455
While convincing his friends that they are not acting friendly but speaking against common sense, Job now tries to show that he cannot appropriately be accused of speaking harshly or of desiring death by just judges.
Early Church Fathers on Job 6 →
Gregory the DialogistMorals on the Book of Job, Book VIII c. 540–604
But fulfil what ye have begun; give ear, and see if I lie. For because he does not fear to endure adversities, let him say, But fulfil what ye have begun;
Early Church Fathers on Job 6 →

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Job 6:28 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Now therefore be content,.... Or, "may it now please you" (f); Job addresses them in a respectful manner, and entreats them they would be so kind as to look favourably on him, and entertain better

Read John Gill on Job 6 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

Now therefore be content, look upon me; for it is evident unto you if I lie. Be content - rather, be pleased to-look.

Read Robert Jamieson on Job 6 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

Look upon me; be pleased either, 1. To look upon my countenance, if it betrays any fear or guilt, as if I spoke contrary to my own conscience. Or rather, 2. To consider me and my cause further and better than you have done, that you may give a more true and righteous judgment concerning it. Is evident unto you; you will plainly discover it. A little further consideration and discourse will make it manifest, and I shall readily acknowledge it.

Read Matthew Poole on Job 6 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Job 6:28 Now therefore be content, look upon me; for [it is] evident unto you if I lie.Ver. 28. Now therefore be content, look upon me] Let it suffice you to have thus hardly handled me; cast now a more benign aspect upon me, and be not henceforth so hot and so harsh. Now therefore be content, regard me, so Mr Broughton translateth it, or look upon me, sc. with a critical eye: what guiltiness can you find in my face? do I look like a hypocrite, and can you read my conscience in my countenance? It is evident to you if I lie] You may soon see mine integrity if you please, for my heart sitteth and showeth itself in my forehead, neither can I collude. I am one of those children that will not…

Read John Trapp on Job 6 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(28) Now therefore be content to look upon me; for it will be evident unto you if I lie; or, for surely I shall not lie to your face.

Read Charles John Ellicott on Job 6 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 28. Look upon me] View me; consider my circumstances; compare my words; and you must be convinced that I have spoken nothing but truth.

Read AdamClarke on Job 6 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

28. The verse means as a whole, Now, therefore, be pleased to look upon me, I will not surely lie to your face! “Be pleased,” or, as we say, be good enough. “To your face,” as in ch. Job 1:11. Job desires that instead of speaking at him with averted faces they would look him in the face, and judge from his countenance whether he would lie directly in asserting his innocence—a test that only conscious honesty would propose.

Read Cambridge on Job 6 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

Now, therefore, be content - Rosenmuller has better rendered this, “if it please you.” The sense is, “if you are willing, look upon me.” That is, “if you are disposed, you may take a careful view of me.

Read Albert Barnes on Job 6 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

But now, please look at me. Would I lie to your face?

WEBWorld English Bible2000

Now therefore be pleased to look at me, for surely I will not lie to your face.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

But now, please look at me. Would I lie to your face?

NETBNew English Translation2006

“Now then, be good enough to look at me; and I will not lie to your face!

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

Now therefore be content, look upon me; for it is evident unto you if I lie.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

Now therefore be pleased to look upon me; For surely I shall not lie to your face.

RVARevised Version, American1894

Now therefore be pleased to look upon me; for surely I shall not lie to your face.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

Now therefore be content, look upon me; for it is evident to you if I lie.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

Nowe therefore be content to looke vpon me: for I will not lie before your face.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

Now therefore if ye will, look upon me; and it shall be to your face if I lie.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

And, now, please, look upon me, Even to your face do I lie?

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

And now, please, look on me, || Even to your face do I lie?

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

But now, if it please you, turn yourselves toward me, and [say] whether I would lie before your face.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

Now, therefore, please look at me, for surely I would not lie to your face.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

However finish what you have begun, give ear, and see whether I lie.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

Look me in the eye and see if I'm lying to your face!

BBEBible in Basic English1949

Now then, let your eyes be turned to me, for truly I will not say what is false to your face.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

conjunction phraseוְ֭andעַתָּהthereforeclauseverbהוֹאִ֣ילוּbe.willingclauseverbפְנוּturnprepositional phrase · prepositionalבִ֑onיmeוְandclauseclauseprepositional phrase · prepositionalעַלonnoun phraseפְּ֝נֵיfacesכֶ֗םyourclauseאִםifclauseverbאֲכַזֵּֽבI.will.lie

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text reads: וְ֭עַתָּה הוֹאִ֣ילוּ פְנוּ־ בִ֑י וְעַל־ פְּ֝נֵיכֶ֗ם אִם־ אֲכַזֵּֽב׃. The Septuagint matches 6 of the 8 words in the Hebrew text, but its word order and specific wording differ, reflecting a unique interpretive approach.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

וְ֭עַתָּה הוֹאִ֣ילוּ פְנוּ־ בִ֑י וְעַל־ פְּ֝נֵיכֶ֗ם אִם־ אֲכַזֵּֽב׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
וְ֭עַתָּהνυνὶפְנוּ־εἰσβλέψαςוְעַל־εἰςפְּ֝נֵיכֶ֗םὑμῶνאִם־οὐאֲכַזֵּֽב׃ψεύσομαι

6 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Job 6:28עַתָּ֫הand therefoand thereforeעַתָּ֫היָאַלbe willingbe willingיָאַלפָּנָהturnturnפָּנָהנִיon meon meנִיעַלand onand onעַלפָּנֶהfaces yourfaces yourפָּנֶהאִםififאִםכָּזַבI will lieI will lieכָּזַבעֵתtimetimeעֵתפָּנָהCorner (GaCorner (Gate)פָּנָהיָאַלbe foolishbe foolishיָאַלעַלheightheightעַלנָאpleasepleaseנָאאֲנַ֫חְנוּweweאֲנַ֫חְנוּכְּנַעֲנִיCanaanitesCanaanitessכְּנַעֲנִיאֱמֹרִיAmoriteAmoriteאֱמֹרִיצָפוֹןZaphonZaphonצָפוֹןכִּפֶּרto atoneto atoneכִּפֶּרכִּסֵּאthronethroneכִּסֵּאסָתַרto hideto hideסָתַרנוּסto fleeto fleeנוּסחֵןfavorfavorחֵןיֵשׁtherethereיֵשׁפּוּחַto breatheto breatheפּוּחַכָּזָבlielieכָּזָב
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Job 6:28

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

and therefore be willing turn on me and on faces your if I will lie
וְ֭עַתָּהVe.'a.tah and therefore H6258 Conjunction · adverb
433× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means now or at this time, like in Exodus when God says now is the time to act. It can also be used to connect ideas or show a change in time, as seen in the book of Isaiah.
Amplified meaning
at this present time, in this moment
Tyndale gloss
now
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עַתָּ֫ה (attah) is an adverb of time meaning 'now.' It can also function as a conjunction or expletive, indicating immediacy or a current moment. The word is derived from a related term, עַת (att), and is used in various contexts to denote the present time.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עַתָּ֫ה 435, עָ֑֫תָּה, adv. of time, now

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6258 עַתָּ֫ה, עָ֑֫תָּה of time, now

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6258 `attah at-taw'

from 6256; at this time, whether adverb, conjunction or

expletive:--henceforth, now, straightway, this time, whereas.

see HEBREW for 06256

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עַתָּ֫ה (at.tah) — now.

1) now

1a) now

1b) in phrases

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | Adv — Conjunction · adverb
HC/D
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and therefore be willing turn on me and on faces your if I will lie
הוֹאִ֣ילוּho.'I.lu be willing H2974 Verb · Hiphil · imperative second person masculine plural
19× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To be willing or undertake something is the meaning of this word. It involves agreeing to or showing willingness to do something, like accepting an invitation or resolving to take action.
Tyndale gloss
be willing
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יָאַל (ya'al) is a Hebrew verb primarily found in the Hiphil form, meaning to show willingness or to undertake something. It conveys a sense of agreement, determination, and the act of beginning or accepting an invitation. The entries suggest a focus on voluntary action and mental assent, but do not provide specific verse references.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[יָאַל] vb. only Hiph. shew willingness, be pleased, determine, undertake to do anything (and do it)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2974 יָאַל only Hiph. shew willingness, be pleased, determine, undertake to do anything (and do it)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2974 ya'al yaw-al'

a primitive root (probably rather the same as 2973 through

the idea of mental weakness); properly, to yield, especially

assent; hence (pos.) to undertake as an act of

volition:--assay, begin, be content, please, take upon, X

willingly, would.

see HEBREW for 02973

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יָאַל (ya.al) — be willing.

1) to begin, make a beginning, show willingness, undertake to do, be pleased, be determined

1a) (Hiphil)

1a1) to agree to, show willingness, acquiesce, accept an invitation, be willing

1a2) to undertake

1a3) to resolve, be pleased, be determined

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Hiphil-Impv-2mp — Verb · Hiphil · imperative second person masculine plural
HVhv2mp
and therefore be willing turn on me and on faces your if I will lie
פְנוּ־fe.nu- turn H6437 Verb · Qal · imperative second person masculine plural
135× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to turn or face something, like looking at a corner or a gate. It appears in descriptions of daily life and interactions, like in Genesis and Psalms. It's about changing direction or focus.
Amplified meaning
be willing to gaze, turn your eyes
Tyndale gloss
Corner (Gate)
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

פָּנָה (panah) is a Hebrew verb meaning to turn, with various implications such as turning toward, away, or doing something. It can refer to both physical and figurative actions, like looking or regarding something. The entries indicate it can also mean to decline or approach, and it has different forms, including Qal, Piel, and Hiphil, each with specific nuances.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

פָּנָה 135 vb. turn

Qal 117

turn toward

turn from

turn and do a thing

turn, decline

turn toward, approach

turn and look, look

of inanimate things, face

esp. fig. look at, regard

look for = expect

fig. look at = consider

Hiph.

turn

make a turn, shew (signs of) turning

Hoph. be ye turned back!

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6437 פָּנָה turn .. . turn toward

. turn from

. turn and do a thing

. turn, decline

. turn toward, approach

. . turn and look, look

. of inanimate things, face

. esp. fig. look at, regard

. look for = expect

. fig. look at = consider

. . turn

. make a turn, shew (signs of) turning

. be ye turned back!

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6437 panah paw-naw'

a primitive root; to turn; by implication, to face, i.e.

appear, look, etc.:--appear, at (even-)tide, behold, cast

out, come on, X corner, dawning, empty, go away, lie, look,

mark, pass away, prepare, regard, (have) respect (to),

(re-)turn (aside, away, back, face, self), X right (early).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

פָּנָה (pa.nah) — to turn.

1) to turn

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to turn toward or from or away

1a2) to turn and do

1a3) to turn, decline (of day)

1a4) to turn toward, approach (of evening)

1a5) to turn and look, look, look back or at or after or for

1b) (Piel) to turn away, put out of the way, make clear, clear away

1c) (Hiphil)

1c1) to turn

1c2) to make a turn, show signs of turning, turn back

1d) (Hophal) to be turned back

פָּנָה (pa.nah) — Corner (Gate).

This name means corner, to turn, to turn back

Another spelling of pin.nah (פִּנָּה "Corner( Gate)" H6438)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Impv-2mp — Verb · Qal · imperative second person masculine plural
HVqv2mp
and therefore be willing turn on me and on faces your if I will lie
בִ֑יVi on me H9030 Preposition · suffix
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נִי (ni) — me.

Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 1st person singular

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HR/Sp1bs — Preposition · suffix
HR/Sp1bs
and therefore be willing turn on me and on faces your if I will lie
וְעַל־ve.'al- and on H5921 Conjunction · preposition
5,774× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means on or above something, like a physical object or a situation. It can also imply a sense of responsibility or accountability, as in being on behalf of someone.
Tyndale gloss
upon
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as

base

עַל, עָ֑ל

subst. height

As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against

Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed

of clothing, etc., which any one wears

With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it

Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him

Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him

על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him

חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)

Read the full entry →
Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears

. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it

. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him

. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him

. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him

. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)

Read the full entry →
Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5921 `al al

properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the

singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a

particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always

in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great

variety of applications (as follow):--above, according

to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because

of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both

and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in

(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,

through(-out), to, touching, X with.

see HEBREW for 05920

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עַל (al) — upon.

prep

1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against

1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards

1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)

1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)

1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)

1e) over (of suspension or extension)

1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)

1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)

1h) to (as a dative)

[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.

conj

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Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | Prep — Conjunction · preposition
HC/R
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Easton's Bible Dictionary

On

Light; the sun, (Gen. 41:45, 50), the great seat of sun-worship, called also Bethshemesh (Jer. 43:13) and Aven (Ezek. 30:17), stood on the east bank of the Nile, a few miles north of Memphis, and near Cairo, in the north-east. The Vulgate and the LXX. Versions have “Heliopolis” (“city of the sun”) instead of On in Genesis and of Aven in Ezekiel. The “city of destruction” Isaiah speaks of (19:18, marg. “of Heres;” Heb. ‘Ir-ha-heres, which some MSS. read Ir-ha-heres, i.e., “city of the sun”) may be the name given to On, the prophecy being that the time will come when that city which was known as the “city of the sun-god” shall become the “city of destruction” of the sun-god, i.e., when idolatry shall cease, and the worship…

Smith's Bible Dictionary

(abode or city of the sun), a town of lower Egypt, called BETH-SHEMESH in (Jeremiah 43:13) On is better known under its Greek name Heliopolis. It was situated on the east side of the Pelusiac branch of the Nile, just below the point of the Delta, and about twenty miles northeast of Memphis. The chief object of worship at Heliopolis was the sun, whose temple, described by Strabo, is now only represented by the single beautiful obelisk, of red granite so feet 2 inches high above the pedestal which has stood for more than 4000 years, having been erected by Usirtesen, the second king of the twelfth dynasty. Heliopolis was anciently famous for its learning, and Eudoxus and Plato studied under its priests. The first mention of this place in the Bible is in the history of Joseph, to whom we read Pharaoh gave "to wife Asenath the daughter…

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

See HELIOPOLIS.

Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary

pain; force; iniquity

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and therefore be willing turn on me and on faces your if I will lie
פְּ֝נֵיכֶ֗םpe.nei.Khem faces your H6440 Noun common masculine plural construct · suffix
2,127× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means face or presence, like being in front of someone or something. It's used in many contexts, like in Genesis, Exodus, and Psalms, to describe interactions and relationships.
Amplified meaning
presence, before you
Tyndale gloss
face
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word פָּנֶה (*pāneh*) is a noun meaning 'face' or 'presence,' and it appears in various contexts, including the faces of seraphim and animals, as well as the surface of the ground. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'in front of.' The word is built from a root that suggests turning or facing, and it encompasses a wide range of applications, both literal and figurative.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[פָּנֶה], pl. פָּנִים 2123 n.m. face, also faces

face, faces

presence, person

technically, see one's face, i.e. appear before one, in one's presence

face of seraphim

face of animals

face (= surface) of ground

as adv.loc. before

for other phrases

with prepositions

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6440 פָּנֶה, pl. פָּנִים face, also faces . . face, faces

. . presence, person

. technically, see one's face, i.e. appear before one, in one's presence

. face of seraphim

. face of animals

. face (= surface) of ground

. as adv. loc. before

. for other phrases

. with prepositions

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6440 paniym paw-neem'

plural (but always as singular) of an unused noun (paneh

{paw-neh'}; from 6437); the face (as the part that turns);

used in a great variety of applications (literally and

figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a

preposition (before, etc.):--+ accept, a-(be- )fore(-time),

against, anger, X as (long as), at, + battle, + because (of),

+ beseech, countenance, edge, + employ, endure, + enquire,

face, favour, fear of, for, forefront(-part), form(-er

time, -ward), from, front, heaviness, X him(-self), +

honourable, + impudent, + in, it, look(-eth) (- s), X me, +

meet, X more than, mouth, of, off, (of) old (time), X on,

open, + out of, over against, the partial, person, + please,

presence, propect, was purposed, by reason of, + regard, right

forth, + serve, X shewbread, sight, state, straight, + street,

X thee, X them(-selves), through (+ - out), till, time(-s)

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Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

פָּנֶה (pa.neh) — face: before.

: before/to/front

1) face

1a) face, faces

1b) presence, person

1c) face (of seraphim or cherubim)

1d) face (of animals)

1e) face, surface (of ground)

1f) as adv of loc/temp

1f1) before and behind, toward, in front of, forward, formerly, from beforetime, before

1g) with prep

1g1) in front of, before, to the front of, in the presence of, in the face of, at the face or front of, from the presence of, from before, from before the face of

פָּנֶה (pa.neh) — face.

: face

1) face

1a) face, faces

1b) presence, person

1c) face (of seraphim or cherubim)

1d) face (of animals)

1e) face, surface (of ground)

1f) as adv of loc/temp

1f1) before and behind, toward, in front of, forward, formerly, from beforetime, before

1g) with prep

1g1) in front of, before, to the front of, in the presence of, in the face of, at the face or front of, from the presence of, from before, from…

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-cp | Suff — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffix
HNcmpc/Sp2mp
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and therefore be willing turn on me and on faces your if I will lie
אִם־'im- if H518 Particle
1,070× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word is used to express conditions or questions, like if or whether. It can also be used to make oaths or express wishes, as in Oh that! It appears in various forms in the KJV, including if, though, and when.
Tyndale gloss
if
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אִם (im) is a Hebrew conjunction primarily meaning 'if' and is used in various contexts, including conditional clauses and interrogative situations. It can also express negation, alternatives, or exceptions, and appears frequently in the Old Testament. The lexicons note its use in oaths and its ability to connect different clauses, sometimes altering their meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אִם conj.

hypoth. part. if

Interrog. part.

base

כִּי אם־

each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause:

that if

for if

(About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause—

limiting the prec. clause, except

the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but

after an oath, surely

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H518a אִם conj. . hypoth. part. if

. Interrog. part.

H518b כִּי אם־ . each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause: . that if

. for if

. (About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause— . limiting the prec. clause, except

. the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but

. after an oath, surely

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

518 'im eem

a primitive particle; used very widely as demonstrative, lo!;

interrog., whether?; or conditional, if, although; also Oh

that!, when; hence, as a negative, not:--(and, can-,

doubtless, if, that) (not), + but, either, + except, +

more(-over if, than), neither, nevertheless, nor, oh that, or,

+ save (only, -ing), seeing, since, sith, + surely (no more,

none, not), though, + of a truth, + unless, + verily, when,

whereas, whether, while, + yet.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אִם (im) — if.

: if/whether_or/though

1) if

1a) conditional clauses

1a1) of possible situations

1a2) of impossible situations

1b) oath contexts

1b1) no, not

1c) if...if, whether...or, whether...or...or

1d) when, whenever

1e) since

1f) interrogative particle

1g) but rather

[כִּי] אם (ki im) — if: except.

1) except if

1a) but if

אִם (im) — if: surely no.

: surely_no

1) if

1a) conditional clauses

1a1) of possible situations

1a2) of impossible situations

1b) oath contexts

1b1) no, not

1c) if...if, whether...or, whether...or...or

1d) when, whenever

1e) since

1f) interrogative particle

1g) but rather

אִם (im) — if: surely yes.

: surely_yes

1) if

1a) conditional clauses

1a1) of possible situations

1a2) of impossible situations

1b) oath contexts

1b1) no, not

1c) if...if, whether...or, whether...or...or

1d) when, whenever

1e) since

1f) interrogative particle

1g) but rather

אִם (im) — if: until.

: until/except

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HTc — Particle
HTc
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and therefore be willing turn on me and on faces your if I will lie
אֲכַזֵּֽב׃'a.kha.Zev I will lie H3576 Verb · Piel · imperfect first person common singular
16× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to lie or deceive, and is used in the Bible to describe dishonesty and falsehood, as seen in the actions of those who oppose God's truth.
Amplified meaning
deceive, speak falsely
Tyndale gloss
to lie
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כָּזַב (kazab) is a Hebrew verb meaning to lie or deceive. It encompasses various forms, including being a liar, telling a lie, and failing or disappointing. The entries indicate its use in different stems, such as Qal, Niphal, Piel, and Hiphil, which express nuances of lying and deception. One example noted is the phrase, "who will make me a liar?"

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[כָּזַב] vb. lie, be a liar

Qal Pt.

Niph. his hope has been made deceptive

Pi.

lie, tell a lie

disappoint, fail

Hiph. who will make me a liar? i.e. prove me to be so

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3576 כָּזַב lie, be a liar .Pt.

. his hope has been made deceptive

. . lie, tell a lie

. disappoint, fail

. who will make me a liar? i.e. prove me to be so

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3576 kazab kaw-zab'

a primitive root; to lie (i.e. deceive), literally or

figuratively:--fail, (be found a, make a) liar, lie, lying, be

in vain.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כָּזַב (ka.zav) — to lie.

1) to lie, tell a lie, be a liar, be found a liar, be in vain, fail

1a) (Qal) liar (participle)

1b) (Niphal) to be proven to be lying

1c) (Piel)

1c1) to lie, tell a lie, tell a lie with, deceive

1c2) to disappoint, fail

1d) (Hiphil) to make a liar, prove to be a liar

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Piel-Imperf-1cs — Verb · Piel · imperfect first person common singular
HVpi1cs
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Easton's Bible Dictionary

Lie

An intentional violation of the truth. Lies are emphatically condemned in Scripture (John 8:44; 1 Tim. 1:9, 10; Rev. 21:27; 22:15). Mention is made of the lies told by good men, as by Abraham (Gen. 12:12, 13; 20:2), Isaac (26:7), and Jacob (27:24); also by the Hebrew midwives (Ex. 1:15-19), by Michal (1 Sam. 19:14), and by David (1 Sam. 20:6). (See ANANIAS.)

Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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