Proverbs 1:23 — Word Study
WLCתָּשׁ֗וּבוּ לְֽת֫וֹכַחְתִּ֥י הִנֵּ֤ה אַבִּ֣יעָה לָכֶ֣ם רוּחִ֑י אוֹדִ֖יעָה דְבָרַ֣י אֶתְכֶֽם׃
BSAIf you had repentedshûwb▸ [turned back, changed your mind] at my rebuketôwkêchâh [correction, reproof] then surelyhinnêh I would have poured outnâbaʻ [uttered, gushed forth] spirit on yourûwach [breath of life, mind and emotions] I would have madeyâdaʻ my wordsdâbâr [thoughts, teachings] known to youʼêth [clear, understood]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| תָּשׁ֗וּבוּ | you will turn back | Verb, Qal, imperfect second person masculine plural |
| לְֽת֫וֹכַחְתִּ֥י | to rebuke my | Preposition, noun common feminine singular construct, suffix |
| הִנֵּ֤ה | here! | Particle |
| אַבִּ֣יעָה | I will pour out | Verb, Hiphil, infinitive construct first person common singular |
| לָכֶ֣ם | to you | Preposition, suffix |
| רוּחִ֑י | spirit my | Noun common both singular construct, suffix |
| אוֹדִ֖יעָה | let me declare | Verb, Hiphil, infinitive construct first person common singular |
| דְבָרַ֣י | words my | Noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
| אֶתְכֶֽם׃ | the object marker you | Particle, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | If you had repented at my rebuke, then surely I would have poured out my spirit on you; I would have made my words known to you. |
| KJV | Turn you at my reproof: behold, I will pour out my spirit unto you, I will make known my words unto you. |
| ASV | Turn you at my reproof: Behold, I will pour out my spirit upon you; I will make known my words unto you. |
| YLT | Turn back at my reproof, lo, I pour forth to you my spirit, I make known my words with you. |
| WEB | Turn at my reproof. Behold, I will pour out my spirit on you. I will make known my words to you. |
| BBE | Be turned again by my sharp words: see, I will send the flow of my spirit on you, and make my words clear to you. |
Where they part company is in the interpretation of תָּשׁ֗וּבוּ — see How Translations Differ.
The structure consists of a conditional main clause followed by two consequence clauses, indicating the relationship between repentance and divine response.







8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbשׁוּב
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Proverbs 1:23
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Wisdom's Call to Repentancegenerated
Proverbs 1:23 is part of a larger passage where Wisdom personified calls out to the simple and foolish, urging them to turn from their ways. This verse highlights the conditional nature of God's promises, indicating that repentance is necessary to receive His spirit and understanding. The surrounding verses emphasize the consequences of ignoring Wisdom's call, reinforcing the importance of heeding divine correction.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Isaiah 55:1–3 | “Come, all you who are thirsty, come to the waters; and you without money, come, buy, and eat! Come, buy wine and milk without money and without cost! |
| 2 | Jeremiah 3:14 | “Return, O faithless children,” declares the LORD, “for I am your master, and I will take you—one from a city and two from a family—and bring you to Zion. |
| 3 | Ezekiel 18:27–30 | But if a wicked man turns from the wickedness he has committed and does what is just and right, he will save his life. |
| 4 | Ezekiel 33:11 | Say to them: ‘As surely as I live, declares the Lord GOD, I take no pleasure in the death of the wicked, but rather that the wicked should turn from their ways and live. Turn! Turn from your evil ways! For why should you die, O house of Israel?’ |
| 5 | Hosea 14:1 | Return, O Israel, to the LORD your God, for you have stumbled by your iniquity. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 22 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — תָּשׁ֗וּבוּ, ta.Shu.vugenerated
The verb שׁוּב (shuwb) is a Qal imperfect form meaning 'to turn back' or 'to return.' It encompasses both literal and figurative meanings, often relating to repentance or a change of heart. This word is frequently used in the context of returning to God, making it significant in discussions of repentance.
In this verse, the imperative nature of תָּשׁ֗וּבוּ suggests a strong call for action. The second person masculine plural form indicates that the speaker addresses a group, urging them collectively to change their minds and return to the right path.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
In the Berean Standard Bible, the verse reads similarly across translations, emphasizing the importance of repentance for receiving divine spirit and knowledge.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb תָּשׁ֗וּבוּ (you will turn back) governs the conditional structure of the verse, indicating that the subsequent actions depend on this repentance. The sentence is built around this central action, with clauses detailing the consequences of repentance.
Following the main clause, the structure includes two additional clauses: one describing the outpouring of spirit and the other indicating the making known of words. This arrangement emphasizes the flow of action from repentance to divine response.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates תָּשׁ֗וּבוּ as μετανοήσετε, which means 'you will repent.' This choice highlights the emphasis on a change of heart, aligning with the Hebrew meaning but also reflecting a broader understanding of repentance in a Greek context.
The Greek word ἰδοὺ is used for הִנֵּ֤ה, indicating a direct call to attention, similar to the Hebrew, and reinforcing the urgency of the message.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Proverbs 1:23 indicates that if one repents at Wisdom's rebuke, they will receive God's spirit and understanding. This verse emphasizes the importance of turning back from foolishness to gain insight and knowledge.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Repenting at Wisdom's rebuke means to turn away from foolishness and acknowledge the need for correction, leading to a change in behavior.
The pouring out of God's spirit signifies a divine impartation of wisdom, understanding, and life, enabling the recipient to comprehend and follow God's teachings.
Making God's words known involves understanding and sharing His teachings with others, ensuring that they are clear and comprehensible.
Neglecting Wisdom's call leads to a lack of understanding and insight, resulting in continued folly and separation from divine guidance.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what areas of my life do I need to turn back and seek God's correction?
- How can I be more receptive to Wisdom's teachings and rebukes?
- What steps can I take to ensure that I am filled with God's spirit and understanding?
- How can I share God's words effectively with those around me?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early Church Fathers reference this verse to discuss the importance of heeding divine wisdom and correction, as shown in their quotations.
So, then, let us obey his most holy and glorious name and escape the threats which wisdom has predicted against the disobedient. In that way we shall live in peace, having our confidence in his most holy and majestic name.Early Church Fathers on Proverbs 1 →
For where at all have they found in divine Scripture, or from whom have they heard, that there is another Word and another wisdom besides this Son, that they should frame to themselves such a doctrine? True, indeed, it is written,Early Church Fathers on Proverbs 1 →
Turn at my reproof. He reproved the Jews through the mouths of the apostles, because they were unwilling to believe, and even then He admonished them to turn after He had risen and ascended.Early Church Fathers on Proverbs 1 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Proverbs 1:23 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleTurn ye at my reproof,.... Or rather "to my reproof", for the words are not an exhortation to the conversion of the heart, or to him repentance; but to an attendance to the external ministry of the
Read John Gill on Proverbs 1 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryTurn you at my reproof: behold, I will pour out my spirit unto you, I will make known my words unto you. Turn you at my reproof - to the God from whom ye have turned away.
Read Robert Jamieson on Proverbs 1 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleTurn ye from your evil courses unto me. At my reproof; upon this admonition here given to you. I will pour out; if you will do so, I will freely and abundantly impart unto you. My spirit; either my mind, as spirit is taken, ; or the gifts and graces of my Spirit, which he hath promised to such persons, 7:39. I will make known my words unto you; by my Spirit I will cause you truly and savingly to understand my word, which is hid from others,
Read Matthew Poole on Proverbs 1 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsProverbs 1:23 Turn you at my reproof: behold, I will pour out my spirit unto you, I will make known my words unto you.Ver. 23. Turn you at my reproof.] He that reproves, and then directs not how to do better, is as he that snuffs a lamp, but pours not in oil to maintain it. Behold, I will pour out my Spirit.] Now, if men make their hearts as an adamant, lest they should hear, &c., and wilfully withstand the Spirit, let them read their neck-verse in the following words, and in that parallel text. Resisting the Spirit is a step to the unpardonable sin.
Read John Trapp on Proverbs 1 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(23) I will pour out my spirit unto you.—Comp. the prophecy of Joe 2:28, promised by our Lord (John 7:38-39), and fulfilled at Pentecost (Acts 2:17). I will make known my words unto you.—For a similar promise that God’s will shall be revealed to those who fear and follow Him, comp. Psalms 25:14 : “The secret of the Lord is with them that fear him;” and Christ’s promise: “If any man will do God’s will, he shall know of the doctrine,” &c. (John 7:17).
Read Charles John Ellicott on Proverbs 1 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 23. Turn you at my reproof] לתוכחתי lethochachti, at my convincing mode of arguing; attend to my demonstrations. This is properly the meaning of the original word. I will pour out my spirit unto you] "I wil expresse my mynde unto you;" COVERDALE. Loo I shall bryngen to you my Spirit; Old MS. Bible. If you will hear, ye shall have ample instruction.
Read AdamClarke on Proverbs 1 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges23. We have here the germ both of later prophecies (Isaiah 44:3; Joe 2:28 [Hebrews 3:1]), and of their fulfilment in Christ (John 7:37-39; Acts 2:33; John 7:17).
Read Cambridge on Proverbs 1 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleThe teaching of Divine Wisdom is essentially the same as that of the Divine Word John 7:38-39. “Turning,” repentance and conversion, this is what she calls the simple to. The promise of the Spirit is also like His John 14:26.
Read Albert Barnes on Proverbs 1 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
If you had repented at my rebuke, then surely I would have poured out my spirit on you; I would have made my words known to you.
Turn at my reproof. Behold, I will pour out my spirit on you. I will make known my words to you.
If you had repented at my rebuke, then surely I would have poured out my spirit on you; I would have made my words known to you.
If only you will respond to my rebuke, then I will pour out my thoughts to you and I will make my words known to you.
Tyndale line
Turn you at my reproof: behold, I will pour out my spirit unto you, I will make known my words unto you.
Turn you at my reproof: Behold, I will pour out my spirit upon you; I will make known my words unto you.
Turn you at my reproof: behold, I will pour out my spirit unto you, I will make known my words unto you.
Turn you at my reproof: behold, I will pour out my spirit to you, I will make known to you my words.
(Turne you at my correction: loe, I will powre out my mind vnto you, and make you vnderstand my wordes)
Strictly literal
Turn you at my reproof: behold, I will pour forth my spirit unto you, I will make known to you my words.
Turn back at my reproof, lo, I pour forth to you my spirit, I make known my words with you.
Turn back at my reproof, behold, || I pour forth my spirit to you, || I make known my words with you.
Turn back to my admonition: behold, I will pour out my spirit unto you, I will make known my words unto you.
Pay attention to my correction; I will pour out my thoughts to you; I will make my words known to you.
From the Latin
Turn ye at my reproof: behold I will utter my spirit to you, and will shew you my words.
Simplified
Pay attention to my warnings, and I'll pour out my deepest thoughts to you—I'll explain what I know to you.
Be turned again by my sharp words: see, I will send the flow of my spirit on you, and make my words clear to you.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text presents the verse as תָּשׁ֗וּבוּ לְֽת֫וֹכַחְתִּ֥י הִנֵּ֤ה אַבִּ֣יעָה לָכֶ֣ם רוּחִ֑י אוֹדִ֖יעָה דְבָרַ֣י אֶתְכֶֽם׃. The Septuagint aligns with some of the Hebrew wording but has a different structure, showing partial agreement in content while differing in expression.
תָּשׁ֗וּבוּ לְֽת֫וֹכַחְתִּ֥י הִנֵּ֤ה אַבִּ֣יעָה לָכֶ֣ם רוּחִ֑י אוֹדִ֖יעָה דְבָרַ֣י אֶתְכֶֽם׃
4 of the 9 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Proverbs 1:23
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word שׁוּב (shuwb) means to turn back or return, covering a wide range of contexts including physical, spiritual, and relational. It can denote returning to a previous state, repenting, or even apostatizing. The entries describe various forms and uses, including bringing back, restoring, and refreshing. Notably, it can also imply a change in course of action.
שׁוּב 1056 vb. turn back, return
Qal 683;—turn back, return:
turn back
return, come or go back
esp. return unto
of dying
of revival from death
fig. of human relations:
return to leader, king
= change so as to appoach (in purpose, desire)
turn, i.e. resort to
return to a physical condition
abs. = change course of action
fig., specif. of spiritual relations:
turn back from God = apostatize
of י׳, turn away
turn back to God (= seek penitently)
abs. repent
turn back from evil
of י׳
of י׳, return (to shew favour)
of inanimate things (sts. personified, or treated as things of life):
denoting repetition, etc.
trans.
Pō‛l.
bring back
fig. restore, refresh
restore, repair
lead away (enticingly)
shew turning = apostatize
Hiph. 353 cause to return, bring back
bring back into bondage
put back
= draw back
= give back, restore
= relinguish
= give in payment, requital
bring one back (from dead)
bring back heart
= refresh
H7725 שׁוּב turn back, return .—turn back, return: . turn back
. return, come or go back
. esp. return unto
. . of dying
. of revival from death
. fig. of human relations: . return to leader, king
. = change so as to appoach (in purpose, desire)
. turn, i.e. resort to
. return to a physical condition
. abs. = change course of action
. fig., specif. of spiritual relations: . turn back from God = apostatize
. of י׳, turn away
. turn back to God (= seek penitently)
. abs. repent
. turn back from evil
. of י׳
. of י׳, return (to shew favour)
. of inanimate things (sts. personified, or treated as things of life):
. denoting repetition, etc.
. trans.
. . bring back
. . fig. restore, refresh
. restore, repair
. lead away (enticingly)
. shew turning = apostatize
. cause to return, bring back . . bring back into bondage
. put back
. = draw back
. = give back, restore
. = relinguish
. = give in payment, requital
7725 shuwb shoob
a primitive root; to turn back (hence, away) transitively or
intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily
with the idea of return to the starting point); generally to
retreat; often adverbial, again:--((break, build, circumcise,
dig, do anything, do evil, feed, lay down, lie down, lodge,
make, rejoice, send, take, weep)) X again, (cause to) answer
(+ again), X in any case (wise), X at all, averse, bring
(again, back, home again), call (to mind), carry again (back),
cease, X certainly, come again (back), X consider, +
continually, convert, deliver (again), + deny, draw back,
fetch home again, X fro, get (oneself) (back) again, X give
(again), go again (back, home), (go) out, hinder, let, (see)
more, X needs, be past, X pay, pervert, pull in again, put
(again, up again), recall, recompense, recover, refresh,
relieve, render (again), requite, rescue, restore, retrieve,
שׁוּב (shuv) — to return: return.
: return
1) to return, turn back
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to turn back, return
1a1a) to turn back
1a1b) to return, come or go back
1a1c) to return unto, go back, come back
1a1d) of dying
1a1e) of human relations (fig)
1a1f) of spiritual relations (fig)
1a1f1) to turn back (from God), apostatise
1a1f2) to turn away (of God)
1a1f3) to turn back (to God), repent
1a1f4) turn back (from evil)
1a1g) of inanimate things
1a1h) in repetition
1b) (Polel)
1b1) to bring back
1b2) to restore, refresh, repair (fig)
1b3) to lead away (enticingly)
1b4) to show turning, apostatise
1c) (Pual) restored (participle)
1d) (Hiphil) to cause to return, bring back
1d1) to bring back, allow to return, put back, draw back, give back, restore, relinquish, give in payment
1d2) to bring back, refresh, restore
1d3) to bring back, report to, answer
1d4) to bring back, make requital, pay (as recompense)
V-Qal-Imperf-2mp — Verb · Qal · imperfect second person masculine pluralHVqi2mp
תּוֹכֵחָה (towkechah) refers to rebuke or correction, while תּוֹכַ֫חַת (towkachath) pertains to argument or reproof. Both terms involve verbal expressions of correction or chastisement. The entries emphasize their use in contexts of correction and reasoning, but do not provide specific verse references.
תּוֹכֵחָה n.f. rebuke, correction
base
תּוֹכַ֫חַת n.f. argument, reproof
argument, impeachment, spoken by lips and mouth
reproof, chiding
correction, rebuke
base
H8433a תּוֹכֵחָה rebuke, correction H8433b תּוֹכַ֫חַת argument, reproof . argument, impeachment, spoken by lips and mouth
. reproof, chiding
. correction, rebuke
8433 towkechah to-kay-khaw'
and towkachath {to-kakh'-ath}; from 3198; chastisement;
figuratively (by words) correction, refutation, proof (even in
defence):--argument, X chastened, correction, reasoning,
rebuke, reproof, X be (often) reproved.
see HEBREW for 03198
תּוֹכֵחָה (to.khe.chah) — rebuke.
rebuke, correction, punishment, chastisement
תּוֹכַ֫חַת (to.kha.chat) — argument.
1) argument, reproof
1a) argument, impeachment
1b) reproof, chiding
1c) correction, rebuke
Prep | N-fs | Suff — Preposition · noun common feminine singular construct · suffixHR/Ncfsc/Sp1bs
הִנֵּה (hinneh) is a Hebrew word meaning 'behold' or 'lo!' It serves as a demonstrative particle used to draw attention, appearing in contexts such as Genesis 19:2. The word is derived from a prolongation of another Hebrew term, but the entries do not provide further details on its usage beyond this.
הִנֵּה, once הִנֶּה־ Gn 19:2, demonstr.part. lo!, behold!
base
H2009 הִנֵּה, הִנֶּה־ lo!, behold!
2009 hinneh hin-nay'
prolongation for 2005; lo!:--behold, lo, see.
see HEBREW for 02005
הִנֵּה (hin.neh) — behold.
behold, lo, see, if
Part — ParticleHTj
her, in composition:
נָבַע (naba`) is a primitive root meaning to gush forth or bubble up. It encompasses actions like flowing, pouring out, and emitting, with uses in both literal and figurative contexts, including the utterance of words. The entries indicate that it can also refer to producing a foul odor, as in belching forth.
[נָבַע] vb. flow, spring, bubble up, poet. and late
Qal a flowing wady
Hiph. pour out, emit, cause to bubble, belch forth
base
H5042 נָבַע
5042 naba` naw-bah'
a primitive root; to gush forth; figuratively, to utter (good
or bad words); specifically, to emit (a foul odor):--belch
out, flowing, pour out, send forth, utter (abundantly).
נָבַע (na.va) — to bubble.
1) to flow, pour out, pour, gush forth, spring, bubble up, ferment
1a) (Qal) to flow
1b)(Hiphil) to pour out, emit, cause to bubble, belch forth
1b1) to pour out
1b2) to cause to bubble, ferment
1b3) to pour forth, emit, belch forth
V-Hiphil-1cs — Verb · Hiphil · infinitive construct first person common singularHVhc1cs
כֶם (khem) — you.
Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 2nd person masculine plural
HR/Sp2mp — Preposition · suffixHR/Sp2mp
רוּחַ (ruach) means breath, wind, or spirit. It encompasses various meanings, including the breath of life, emotional disposition, and the spirit of God. The term can refer to both physical phenomena, like wind, and abstract concepts, such as moral character or mental acts. Notably, it is used frequently in the context of divine inspiration and the Holy Spirit.
רוּחַ 378 n.f. (less oft. m.) breath, wind, spirit
breath of mouth or nostrils (33 t.)
wind (117 t.)
spirit, as that which breathes quickly in animation or agitation = temper, disposition (76 t.)
spirit of the living, breathing being
spirit as seat of emotion
occasionally (and late) = seat or organ of mental acts
rarely of the will
רוּחַ esp. of moral character
spirit of God (94 t.)
base
H7307 רוּחַ breath, wind, spirit . breath of mouth or nostrils (33 t.)
. wind (117 t.)
. spirit, as that which breathes quickly in animation or agitation = temper, disposition (76 t.)
. spirit of the living, breathing being
. spirit as seat of emotion
. occasionally (and late) = seat or organ of mental acts
. rarely of the will
. רוּחַ esp. of moral character
. spirit of God (94 t.)
7307 ruwach roo'-akh
from 7306; wind; by resemblance breath, i.e. a sensible (or
even violent) exhalation; figuratively, life, anger,
unsubstantiality; by extension, a region of the sky; by
resemblance spirit, but only of a rational being (including
its expression and functions):--air, anger, blast, breath, X
cool, courage, mind, X quarter, X side, spirit((-ual)),
tempest, X vain, ((whirl-))wind(-y).
see HEBREW for 07306
רוּחַ (ru.ach) — spirit.
: spirit
1) wind, breath, mind, spirit
1a) breath
1b) wind
1b1) of heaven
1b2) quarter (of wind), side
1b3) breath of air
1b4) air, gas
1b5) vain, empty thing
1c) spirit (as that which breathes quickly in animation or agitation)
1c1) spirit, animation, vivacity, vigour
1c2) courage
1c3) temper, anger
1c4) impatience, patience
1c5) spirit, disposition (as troubled, bitter, discontented)
1c6) disposition (of various kinds), unaccountable or uncontrollable impulse
1c7) prophetic spirit
1d) spirit (of the living, breathing being in man and animals)
1d1) as gift, preserved by God, God's spirit, departing at death, disembodied being
1e) spirit (as seat of emotion)
1e1) desire
1e2) sorrow, trouble
1f) spirit
1f1) as seat or organ of mental acts
1f2) rarely of the will
1f3) as seat especially of moral character
N-cs | Suff — Noun common both singular construct · suffixHNcbsc/Sp1fs
יָדַע (yada`) is a Hebrew verb meaning 'to know,' encompassing a wide range of senses including perception, recognition, and experience. It can refer to knowing someone intimately or being skilled in a task. The word has various forms, indicating actions such as making known or being made known. Lexicons note its use in both literal and figurative contexts, but there is no significant disagreement among them.
יָדַע 943 vb. know
Qal
know, learn to know
perceive
perceive and see; find out and discern
discriminate, distinguish
know by experience
recognize, admit, acknowledge, confess
consider
not know = not expect
know a person, be acquainted with
know a person carnally, of sexual intercourse
know how, to do a thing, be able to do it
be skilful in
abs. have knowledge, be wise
Niph.
be made known, be or become known, of things
make oneself known of pers.
be perceived
be instructed
Pi. cause to know
Pu. known
Hiph. make known, declare
Hoph. made known
Hithp. make oneself known
base
H3045 יָדַע know .. . know, learn to know
. perceive
. perceive and see; find out and discern
. discriminate, distinguish
. know by experience
. recognize, admit, acknowledge, confess
. consider
. not know = not expect
. know a person, be acquainted with
. know a person carnally, of sexual intercourse
. . know how, to do a thing, be able to do it
. be skilful in
. abs. have knowledge, be wise
. . be made known, be or become known, of things
. make oneself known of pers.
. be perceived
. be instructed
. cause to know
. known
. make known, declare
. made known
. make oneself known
3045 yada` yaw-dah'
a primitive root; to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing);
used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally,
euphemistically and inferentially (including observation,
care, recognition; and causatively, instruction, designation,
punishment, etc.) (as follow):--acknowledge, acquaintance(-ted
with), advise, answer, appoint, assuredly, be aware,
(un-)awares, can(-not), certainly, comprehend, consider, X
could they, cunning, declare, be diligent, (can, cause to)
discern, discover, endued with, familiar friend, famous, feel,
can have, be (ig-)norant, instruct, kinsfolk, kinsman, (cause
to let, make) know, (come to give, have, take) knowledge, have
(knowledge), (be, make, make to be, make self) known, + be
learned, + lie by man, mark, perceive, privy to, X
prognosticator, regard, have respect, skilful, shew, can (man
of) skill, be sure, of a surety, teach, (can) tell,
יָדַע (ya.da) — to know.
1) to know
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to know
1a1a) to know, learn to know
1a1b) to perceive
1a1c) to perceive and see, find out and discern
1a1d) to discriminate, distinguish
1a1e) to know by experience
1a1f) to recognise, admit, acknowledge, confess
1a1g) to consider
1a2) to know, be acquainted with
1a3) to know (a person carnally)
1a4) to know how, be skilful in
1a5) to have knowledge, be wise
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be made known, be or become known, be revealed
1b2) to make oneself known
1b3) to be perceived
1b4) to be instructed
1c) (Piel) to cause to know
1d) (Poal) to cause to know
1e) (Pual)
1e1) to be known
1e2) known, one known, acquaintance (participle)
1f) (Hiphil) to make known, declare
1g) (Hophal) to be made known
1h) (Hithpael) to make oneself known, reveal oneself
Aramaic equivalent: ye.da (יְדַע "to know" H3046)
V-Hiphil-1cs — Verb · Hiphil · infinitive construct first person common singularHVhc1cs
דָּבָר (dabar) means 'word' or 'speech' and encompasses a range of meanings including discourse, saying, and matter. It can refer to anything spoken or a topic of discussion, extending to concepts like business or affairs. The entries consistently highlight its use in various contexts, but do not indicate any significant disagreement among lexicographers.
דָּבָר 1439 n.m. speech, word
sg. speech, discourse, saying, word, as the sum of that which is spoken
sg. saying, utterance, sentence, as a section of a discourse
sg. a word, words
sg. matter, affair, thing about which one speaks
base
H1697 דָּבָר speech, word . sg. speech, discourse, saying, word, as the sum of that which is spoken
. sg. saying, utterance, sentence, as a section of a discourse
. sg. a word, words
. sg. matter, affair, thing about which one speaks
1697 dabar daw-baw'
from 1696; a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or
thing; adverbially, a cause:--act, advice, affair, answer, X
any such (thing), because of, book, business, care, case,
cause, certain rate, + chronicles, commandment, X
commune(-ication), + concern(-ing), + confer, counsel, +
dearth, decree, deed, X disease, due, duty, effect, +
eloquent, errand, (evil favoured-)ness, + glory, + harm, hurt,
+ iniquity, + judgment, language, + lying, manner, matter,
message, (no) thing, oracle, X ought, X parts, + pertaining, +
please, portion, + power, promise, provision, purpose,
question, rate, reason, report, request, X (as hast) said,
sake, saying, sentence, + sign, + so, some (uncleanness),
somewhat to say, + song, speech, X spoken, talk, task, + that,
X there done, thing (concerning), thought, + thus, tidings,
what(-soever), + wherewith, which, word, work.
see HEBREW for 01696
דָּבָר (da.var) — word.
: word/speech/command
1) speech, word, speaking, thing
1a) speech
1b) saying, utterance
1c) word, words
1d) business, occupation, acts, matter, case, something, manner (by extension)
דָּבָר (da.var) — word: speaking.
: speaking
1) speech, word, speaking, thing
1a) speech
1b) saying, utterance
1c) word, words
1d) business, occupation, acts, matter, case, something, manner (by extension)
דָּבָר (da.var) — word: thing.
: thing/matter
1) speech, word, speaking, thing
1a) speech
1b) saying, utterance
1c) word, words
1d) business, occupation, acts, matter, case, something, manner (by extension)
דָּבָר (da.var) — word: promised.
: promised/duty
1) speech, word, speaking, thing
1a) speech
1b) saying, utterance
1c) word, words
1d) business, occupation, acts, matter, case, something, manner (by extension)
דָּבָר (da.var) — word: deed.
: deed
N-mp | Suff — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHNcmpc/Sp1bs
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
DirObjM | Suff — Particle · suffixHTo/Sp2mp
