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Psalms 107:42 — Word Study

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WLCיִרְא֣וּ יְשָׁרִ֣ים וְיִשְׂמָ֑חוּ וְכָל־ עַ֝וְלָ֗ה קָ֣פְצָה פִּֽיהָ׃

BSAThe uprightyâshâr [righteous, just] seerâʼâh [perceive, look after] and rejoicesâmach [be glad, celebrate] and allkôl [every, everything] iniquityʻevel [injustice, moral evil] shutsqâphats [stops, closes] its mouthpeh [lips, speech]

Word
Listen & take awayPsalms 107
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 42 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (Pi.ha) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Psalms 107:42quick helps
In a sentenceThe upright see and rejoice, while iniquity is silenced.
Who is speakingThe psalmist, reflecting on the fate of the righteous and the wicked.
Where we areIn a psalm celebrating God's deliverance and justice.
The hard wordעַוְלָה
Take awayThe contrast between the joy of the righteous and the silence of wrongdoing.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Poole, Trapp, Ellicott & more — read them › clause subjectיָשָׁר verbרָאָה The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Psalms 107:42

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — The Celebration of God's Justicegenerated

40He pours out contempt on the nobles and makes them wander in a trackless wasteland.
41But He lifts the needy from affliction and increases their families like flocks.
42The upright see and rejoice, and all iniquity shuts its mouth.
43Let him who is wise pay heed to these things and consider the loving devotion of the LORD.

Psalm 107:42 reflects on the outcomes of the righteous and the wicked. The psalmist describes how the upright, or righteous people, not only see the truth of God's justice but also respond with joy. In contrast, iniquity, representing moral evil and injustice, is rendered mute. This verse emphasizes the ultimate triumph of righteousness over wrongdoing, a theme that resonates throughout the psalm.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Psalm 52:6The righteous will see and fear; they will mock the evildoer, saying,
2Psalm 58:10–11The righteous will rejoice when they see they are avenged; they will wash their feet in the blood of the wicked.
3Job 22:19The righteous see it and are glad; the innocent mock them:
4Isaiah 66:10–11Be glad for Jerusalem and rejoice over her, all who love her. Rejoice greatly with her, all who mourn over her,
5Psalm 63:11But the king will rejoice in God; all who swear by Him will exult, for the mouths of liars will be shut.

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 10 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word יְשָׁרִ֣ים, ye.sha.Rimgenerated

The Hebrew word יָשָׁר (yashar) means straight or upright, encompassing moral correctness and justice. It describes individuals who align their actions with God's standards, highlighting their role in society as those who see God's works and respond positively.

As an adjective, it signifies not just moral uprightness but also a state of being that is pleasing and just. The upright are characterized by their perception of God's actions, which leads them to rejoice.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The verse is structured around two main clauses: the first describes the action of the upright seeing and rejoicing, while the second states that all iniquity shuts its mouth. The finite verbs יִרְא֣וּ and וְיִשְׂמָ֑חוּ govern the actions of the subjects, with the conjunction וְכָל־ introducing the contrast with iniquity.

The Hebrew word order emphasizes the actions of the upright first, highlighting their positive response to God's justice before presenting the silence of wrongdoing.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

In the Septuagint, יְשָׁרִ֣ים is rendered as εὐθεῖς, which carries a similar meaning of uprightness and moral correctness. This choice reinforces the idea of righteousness in the context of divine justice.

The term for iniquity, עַוְלָה, is translated as ἀνομία, which emphasizes lawlessness and moral evil, aligning with the Hebrew understanding of injustice.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Psalm 107:42 highlights the joy of the upright who see God's justice, contrasting it with the silence of iniquity. The verse celebrates the triumph of righteousness over wrongdoing, illustrating the outcomes of both the righteous and the wicked.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean for the upright to see and rejoice?

It means that those who are righteous recognize God's justice and goodness, leading them to respond with joy.

What is the significance of iniquity shutting its mouth?

It signifies that wrongdoing and injustice will ultimately be silenced in the face of God's righteousness.

How does this verse relate to the overall message of Psalm 107?

This verse encapsulates the theme of God's deliverance and justice, showing how the righteous are rewarded and the wicked are silenced.

What can we learn from the contrast between the upright and iniquity?

We learn that living righteously leads to joy, while injustice will not prevail.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. How do I recognize God's justice in my own life?
  2. In what ways can I celebrate the goodness of God like the upright?
  3. What does it mean for me to stand against iniquity in my community?
  4. How can I encourage others to see and rejoice in God's righteousness?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

Augustine of Hippo comments on this verse, noting how the righteous will consider it and rejoice, while the mouth of wickedness shall be stopped.

Augustine of HippoExposition on Psalms 107 354–430
Therefore, "the righteous will consider this, and rejoice: and the mouth of all wickedness shall be stopped" [Psalms 107:42].
Early Church Fathers on Psalms 107 →

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Psalms 107:42 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

The righteous shall see it, and rejoice,.... Shall see the increase and prosperity of the saints, the glory of the church in the latter day, and rejoice at it; the judgments of God upon the wicked,

Read John Gill on Psalms 107 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

Shall see it; or rather, these things, as it is expressed in the next verse. They shall diligently observe these wonderful works of God’ s mercy and justice. Rejoice; not only in the mercies of God vouchsafed to them and to other persons in want and misery, but also in God’ s judgments upon his implacable enemies, which afford matter of rejoicing to good men, as hath been once and again declared in this book, both for the honour which God hath by them, and for the sins and calamities of others, which by this means are prevented. Iniquity, i.e. unrighteous or ungodly men, the abstract being put for the concrete, as faithfulnesses for the faithful, , and pride for the proud, . Shall stop her…

Read Matthew Poole on Psalms 107 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Psalms 107:42 The righteous shall see [it], and rejoice: and all iniquity shall stop her mouth.Ver. 42. The righteous shall see it, and rejoice] It shall cheer them up to see that the reins of government are in God’ s hand; and to behold such love in such providence. And all iniquity shall stop her mouth] Shall be down in the mouth, as we use to say, and have her tongue chambered.

Read John Trapp on Psalms 107 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(42) Again the dependence on the book of Job is seen. (See marginal reference.)

Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 107 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 42. The righteous shall see it] The wicked are as inconsiderate as they are obstinate and headstrong. And rejoice] To have such ample proofs that God ruleth in the earth, and that none that trust in him shall be desolate. All iniquity shall stop her mouth. ] God's judgments and mercies are so evident, and so distinctly marked, that atheism, infidelity, and irreligion are confounded, and the cause of error and falsehood has become hopeless. It was only the mouth that could do any thing; and that only by lies, calumnies, and blasphemies: but God closes this mouth, pours contempt upon the head and judgment upon the heart. This may also be applied to the case of the Israelites and the…

Read AdamClarke on Psalms 107 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

42. The upright see and are glad; And all unrighteousness stoppeth her mouth. All mockery of Israel and blasphemy of Israel’s God are silenced. Cp. Psalms 115:2. The first line is from Job 22:19; the second from Job 5:16.

Read Cambridge on Psalms 107 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

The righteous shall see it, and rejoice - Shall see all these changes; shall see in their own case the proofs of the divine favor. They shall thus have occasion for praise.

Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 107 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

42. This verse is quoted from Job 22:19; Job 5:16. Iniquity shall stop her mouth—Shall cease to reproach and revile, God’s favour to the righteous being so evident. See Psalms 86:17

Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Psalms 107 →

The verse in English, compared — 16 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

The upright see and rejoice, and all iniquity shuts its mouth.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

The upright will see it, and be glad. All the wicked will shut their mouths.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

The upright see and rejoice, and all iniquity shuts its mouth.

NETBNew English Translation2006

When the godly see this, they rejoice, and every sinner shuts his mouth.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

The righteous shall see it, and rejoice: and all iniquity shall stop her mouth.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

The upright shall see it, and be glad; And all iniquity shall stop her mouth.

RVARevised Version, American1894

The upright shall see it, and be glad; and all iniquity shall stop her mouth.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

The righteous shall see it , and rejoice: and all iniquity shall stop her mouth.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

The righteous shall see it, and reioyce, and all iniquitie shall stoppe her mouth.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

The upright shall see it, and rejoice; and all unrighteousness shall stop its mouth.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

The upright do see and rejoice, And all perversity hath shut her mouth.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

The upright see and rejoice, || And all perversity has shut her mouth.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

The righteous shall see it, and rejoice; but all wickedness shall stop her mouth.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

The upright will see this and rejoice, and all wickedness shuts its mouth.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

Those who live right will observe what is happening and be glad, but the wicked will be silenced.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

The upright see it and are glad: the mouth of the sinner is stopped.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clauseverbיִרְא֣וּthey.seesubjectיְשָׁרִ֣יםupright.[people]וְandclauseverbיִשְׂמָ֑חוּthey.rejoiceוְandclausenoun phrase · subjectכָלallעַ֝וְלָ֗הunrighteousnessverbקָ֣פְצָהit.shutsnoun phrase · objectפִּֽיmouthהָits

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text reads, "The upright see and rejoice, and all iniquity shuts its mouth." The Septuagint agrees with this wording, matching all seven words in a word-by-word correspondence, although its structure differs due to its own sentence formation. The Dead Sea Scrolls (4Q88) also align closely with the Masoretic Text, containing the phrases for the upright seeing and rejoicing, but it includes some partly restored words and has editorial additions. Overall, the main witnesses show agreement in the essential meaning of the verse, though the Dead Sea Scrolls have some textual variations due to restoration efforts.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

יִרְא֣וּ יְשָׁרִ֣ים וְיִשְׂמָ֑חוּ וְכָל־ עַ֝וְלָ֗ה קָ֣פְצָה פִּֽיהָ׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
יִרְא֣וּὄψονταιיְשָׁרִ֣יםεὐθεῖςוְיִשְׂמָ֑חוּεὐφρανθήσονταιוְכָל־πᾶσαעַ֝וְלָ֗הἀνομίαקָ֣פְצָהἐμφράχειפִּֽיהָ׃τὸ

7 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Dead Sea Scrolls — 4Q88a copy a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex

יראו ישרים [וישמחו] [וכל] עולה קפץ פי׳ה

3 words on the leather — 2 partly restored, 2 supplied entire by an editor.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Psalms 107:42רָאָהthey seethey seeרָאָהיָשָׁרupright [peupright [peopleיָשָׁרשָׂמַחso they mayso they may rejשָׂמַחכֹּלand alland allכֹּלעָ֫וֶלunrighteousunrighteousnessעָ֫וֶלקָפַץit shutsit shutsקָפַץפֶּהmouth itsmouth itsפֶּהיָשַׁרto smoothto smoothיָשַׁרכָּלַלto perfectto perfectכָּלַלעָוַלto act unjto act unjustlyעָוַלפָּאָהto cleaveto cleaveפָּאָהצַדִּיקrighteousrighteousצַדִּיקעֳנִיafflictionafflictionעֳנִינָבַטto lookto lookנָבַטעַ֫יִןeyeeyeעַ֫יִןגִּילto rejoiceto rejoiceגִּילשִׂמְחָהjoyjoyשִׂמְחָהעֵדָהcongregaticongregationעֵדָהעֲבֹדָהserviceserviceעֲבֹדָהצְדָקָהrighteousnrighteousnessצְדָקָהעָ֫וֶלinjusticeinjusticeעָ֫וֶלפֶּהliplipפֶּהאֹמֶרwordwordאֹמֶרפָּתַחto opento openפָּתַח
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Psalms 107:42

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

they see upright [people] so they may rejoice and all unrighteousness it shuts mouth its
יִרְא֣וּyir.'U they see H7200 Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine plural
1,300× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for provider means to see or look after, and is used to describe God's care for his people. It appears in various forms throughout the Bible, including in Genesis and other books.
Amplified meaning
perceive, look after
Tyndale gloss
Provider
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רָאָה (ra'ah) is a Hebrew verb meaning 'to see' and encompasses a wide range of visual and perceptual actions, including looking, observing, and causing others to see. It can refer to both literal sight and figurative understanding, with various grammatical forms indicating different nuances, such as appearing or being visible. The entries indicate a rich semantic field without significant disagreement among lexicographers.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

רָאָה 1315 vb. see

Qal 1141

see, subj.

see, c. acc. rei

see, sq. acc. cl. or phr. of closer design

see, so as to learn to know

abs. see, have (power of) vision

see = perceive

look at, see, by direct volition

of mental observation

c. ב, lit., look into, hence look at with interest

see, c. acc. rei

Niph.

appear

be seen

be visible

Pu. appar. his bones are not detected

Hithp. recipr. look at each other

Hiph.

cause one to see something, shew

cause to experience something

cause to look intently at, to behold

Hoph.

be caused to see, be shewn

be exhibited to

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7200a רָאָה see .. . see, subj.

. see, c. acc. rei

. see, sq. acc. + cl. or phr. of closer design

. see, so as to learn to know

. abs. see, have (power of) vision

. see = perceive

. look at, see, by direct volition

. of mental observation

. . c. ב, lit., look into, hence look at with interest

. see, c. acc. rei

. . appear

. be seen

. be visible

. appar. his bones are not detected

. recipr. look at each other

. . . cause one to see something, shew

. cause to experience something

. cause to look intently at, to behold

. . be caused to see, be shewn

. be exhibited to

H7200b רְאוּת look

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7200 ra'ah raw-aw'

a primitive root; to see, literally or figuratively (in

numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive,

intransitive and causative):--advise self, appear, approve,

behold, X certainly, consider, discern, (make to) enjoy, have

experience, gaze, take heed, X indeed, X joyfully, lo, look

(on, one another, one on another, one upon another, out, up,

upon), mark, meet, X be near, perceive, present, provide,

regard, (have) respect, (fore-, cause to, let) see(-r, -m, one

another), shew (self), X sight of others, (e-)spy, stare, X

surely, X think, view, visions.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רָאָה (ra.ah) — to see: see.

: see/show

1) to see, look at, inspect, perceive, consider

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to see

1a2) to see, perceive

1a3) to see, have vision

1a4) to look at, see, regard, look after, see after, learn about, observe, watch, look upon, look out, find out

1a5) to see, observe, consider, look at, give attention to, discern, distinguish

1a6) to look at, gaze at

1a7) to provide, choose

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to appear, present oneself

1b2) to be seen

1b3) to be visible

1c) (Pual) to be seen

1d) (Hiphil)

1d1) to cause to see, show

1d2) to cause to look intently at, behold, cause to gaze at

1e) (Hophal)

1e1) to be caused to see, be shown

1e2) to be exhibited to

1f) (Hithpael) to look at each other, face

רָאָה (ra.ah) — to see: examine.

: examine/consider

1) to see, look at, inspect, perceive, consider

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to see

1a2) to see, perceive

1a3) to see, have vision

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Imperf-3mp — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine plural
HVqi3mp
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

se: In addition to the ordinary sense of perceiving by the eye, we have

(1) chazah, "to see" (in vision): "Words of Amos .... which he saw concerning Israel" (Am 1:1). The revelation was made to his inward eye. "The word of Yahweh .... which he (Micah) saw concerning Samaria" (Mic 1:1), describing what he saw in prophetic vision (compare Hab 1:1); see REVELATION, III, 4;

(2) horao, "to take heed": "See thou say nothing" (Mr 1:44);

(3) eidon, "to know," "to note with the mind": "Jesus saw that he answered discreetly" (Mr 12:34);

they see upright [people] so they may rejoice and all unrighteousness it shuts mouth its
יְשָׁרִ֣יםye.sha.Rim upright [people] H3477 Adj
119× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Jashar refers to being straight or just, like doing what is convenient and right. A man named Jashar lived before Israel's monarchy, as mentioned in Joshua 10:13. He wrote a book of poetry and songs, now lost.
Amplified meaning
righteous, just
Tyndale gloss
Jashar
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יָשָׁר (yashar) means straight or upright, covering a range of meanings from physical straightness to moral correctness. It can refer to something that is pleasing, just, or fitting, as well as the concept of uprightness itself. The term is also associated with a figure named Jashar, mentioned in Joshua 10:13.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יָשָׁר adj. straight, right

straight, level

right, pleasing

straightforward, just, upright

abstr., uprightness

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3477 יָשָׁר straight, right . straight, level

. right, pleasing

. straightforward, just, upright

. abstr., uprightness

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3477 yashar yaw-shawr'

from 3474; straight (literally or figuratively):--convenient,

equity, Jasher, just, meet(-est), + pleased well right(-eous),

straight, (most) upright(-ly, -ness).

see HEBREW for 03474

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יָשָׁר (ya.shar) — upright.

1) straight, upright, correct, right

1a) straight, level

1b) right, pleasing, correct

1c) straightforward, just, upright, fitting, proper

1d) uprightness, righteous, upright

1e) that which is upright (subst)

Also means: ya.shar (יָשָׁר "upright" H3477I)

יָשָׁר (ya.shar) — Jashar.

A man living before Israel's Monarchy, first mentioned at Jos.10.13

יָשָׁר (ya.shar) — upright.

1) straight, upright, correct, right

1a) straight, level

1b) right, pleasing, correct

1c) straightforward, just, upright, fitting, proper

1d) uprightness, righteous, upright

1e) that which is upright (subst)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Adj — Adj
HAampa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

pe'-p'-l: In English Versions of the Bible represents something over a dozen Hebrew and Greek words. Of these, in the Old Testament, `am, is overwhelmingly the most common (about 2,000 times), with le'om, and goy, next in order; but the various Hebrew words are used with very little or no difference in force (e.g. Pr 14:28; but, on the other hand, in Ps 44 contrast verses 12 and 14). Of the changes introduced by the Revised Version (British and American) the only one of significance (cited explicitly in the Preface to the English Revised Version) is the frequent use of the plural "peoples" (strangely avoided in the King James Version except Re 10:11; 17:15), where other nations than Israel are in question. So, for instance, in Ps…

they see upright [people] so they may rejoice and all unrighteousness it shuts mouth its
וְיִשְׂמָ֑חוּve.yis.Ma.chu so they may rejoice H8055 Conjunction · verb qal third person masculine plural
155× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb means to rejoice or be glad, often used in a religious sense, like when the Israelites rejoiced at the dedication of the temple in 1 Kings 8:66.
Amplified meaning
be glad, celebrate
Tyndale gloss
to rejoice
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שָׂמַח (samach) is a Hebrew verb meaning to rejoice or be glad. It can express joy in everyday life, religious contexts, or even exultation. The verb has different forms: Qal (to rejoice), Piel (to cause to rejoice), and Hiphil (to make glad). The entries indicate a range of meanings related to joy and merriment.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שָׂמַח, שָׂמִ֑חַ 154 vb. rejoice, be glad

Qal 126

in common life

rejoice religiously

subj. י׳

Pi. cause to rejoice, gladden

Hiph. = Pi.

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H8055 שָׂמַח, שָׂמִ֑חַ rejoice, be glad

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

8055 samach saw-makh'

a primitive root; probably to brighten up, i.e.

(figuratively) be (causatively, make) blithe or

gleesome:--cheer up, be (make) glad, (have, make) joy(-ful),

be (make) merry, (cause to, make to) rejoice, X very.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שָׂמַח (sa.mach) — to rejoice.

1) to rejoice, be glad

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to rejoice

1a2) to rejoice (arrogantly), exult (at)

1a3) to rejoice (religiously)

1b) (Piel) to cause to rejoice, gladden, make glad

1c) (Hiphil) to cause to rejoice, gladden, make glad

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Qal-Imperf-3mp — Conjunction · verb qal third person masculine plural
HC/Vqu3mp
they see upright [people] so they may rejoice and all unrighteousness it shuts mouth its
וְכָל־ve.khol and all H3605 Conjunction · noun common masculine singular construct
5,415× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for 'all' or 'everything' is used throughout the Bible, like in Genesis 1:31, where God sees all He has made as very good. It encompasses the entirety of something, whether people, things, or situations.
Amplified meaning
every, everything
Tyndale gloss
all
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It can refer to totality, including every person or thing, and is often used with a following genitive to specify what is included. The term can also denote a broader sense of everything in existence or all circumstances of life. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all

with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every

Absolutely:

without the art., all things, all

with the art. הַכֹּל

where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned

in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3605 כֹּל once כּוֹל the whole, all . with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every

. Absolutely: . without the art., all things, all

. with the art. הַכֹּל . where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned

. in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3605 kol kole

or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole;

hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a

plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any

(manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as

many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole,

whoso(-ever).

see HEBREW for 03634

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כֹּל (kol) — all.

1) all, the whole

1a) all, the whole of

1b) any, each, every, anything

1c) totality, everything

Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | N-ms — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular construct
HC/Ncmsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ol: Used in various combinations, and with different meanings.

(1) All along, "Weeping all along as he went" (Jer 41:6), i.e. throughout the whole way he went, feigning equal concern with the men from Shiloh, etc., for the destruction of the Temple, so as to put them off their guard.

(2) All in all, "That God may be all in all" (1Co 15:28, Greek: panta en pasin, "all things in all (persons and) things"). "The universe, with all it comprises, will wholly answer to God's will and reflect His mind" (Dummelow).

(3) All one, "It is all one" (Job 9:22), "it makes no difference whether I live or die."

(4) At all, "If thy father miss me at all" (1Sa 20:6), "in any way," "in the least."

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
they see upright [people] so they may rejoice and all unrighteousness it shuts mouth its
עַ֝וְלָ֗ה'av.Lah unrighteousness H5766 Noun common · feminine singular absolute
54× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Injustice or moral evil is what this word represents, covering violent deeds, unfair speech, and general wrongdoing. It is used to describe actions that go against God's standards of righteousness.
Amplified meaning
injustice, moral evil
Tyndale gloss
injustice
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word עָ֫וֶל (*evel*) and its variant עַוְלָה (*avlah*) both denote concepts of injustice and unrighteousness. They encompass moral evil, including violent deeds and wrongful speech. The entries highlight their usage as nouns, with no significant disagreement among lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עָ֫וֶל n.m. injustice, unrighteousness

base

עַוְלָה n.f. injustice, unrighteousness, wrong

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5766a עָ֫וֶל injustice, unrighteousness H5766b עַוְלָה injustice, unrighteousness, wrong

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5766 `evel eh'-vel

or lavel {aw'-vel}; and (feminine) lavlah {av-law'}; or owlah

{o-law'}; or .olah {o-law'}; from 5765; (moral)

evil:--iniquity, perverseness, unjust(-ly),

unrighteousness(-ly); wicked(-ness).

see HEBREW for 05765

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עָ֫וֶל (e.vel) — injustice.

injustice, unrighteousness

Another spelling of av.lah (עַוְלָה "injustice" H5766B)

עַוְלָה (av.lah) — injustice.

1) injustice, unrighteousness, wrong

1a) violent deeds of injustice

1b) injustice (of speech)

1c) injustice (generally)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-cs — Noun common · feminine singular absolute
HNcfsa
they see upright [people] so they may rejoice and all unrighteousness it shuts mouth its
קָ֣פְצָהKa.fe.tzah it shuts H7092 Verb · Qal · perfect third person feminine singular
7× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To gather means to draw together or close, and can also imply leaping or springing into action. In some cases, it can mean to die, as in gathering up one's feet.
Amplified meaning
stops, closes
Tyndale gloss
to gather
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

קָפַץ (qaphats) is a Hebrew verb meaning to draw together or shut. It can imply actions like closing, leaping, or even dying, as it relates to gathering up one's limbs. The entries describe its uses in different forms, including shutting in the Qal stem and springing in the Piel stem, with a specific mention of contraction in death in the Niphal form.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

קָפַץ vb. draw together, shut

Qal shut

Niph. they drew themselves together, of contraction in death

Pi. springing (i.e. making repeated contractions of body, in taking leaps) upon the hills

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7092 קָפַץ draw together, shut

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7092 qaphats kaw-fats'

a primitive root; to draw together, i.e. close; by

implication, to leap (by contracting the limbs); specifically,

to die (from gathering up the feet):--shut (up), skip, stop,

take out of the way.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

קָפַץ (qa.phats) — to gather.

1) to draw together, close, shut, shut up, stop up

1a) (Qal) to shut

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to draw oneself together (of death)

1b2) to be shut up to death

1c) (Piel) springing, skipping (participle)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Perf-3fs — Verb · Qal · perfect third person feminine singular
HVqp3fs
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
they see upright [people] so they may rejoice and all unrighteousness it shuts mouth its
פִּֽיהָ׃Pi.ha mouth its H6310 Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
498× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this Hebrew word refers to the mouth, lips, or edge of something, and can also mean a portion or side of something. It is often used to describe speech or the act of speaking. This word appears in various forms, such as mouth, lip, or edge.
Amplified meaning
lips, speech
Tyndale gloss
lip
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word פֶּה (*peh*) means 'mouth' and encompasses various meanings, including the mouth of a person or animal, as well as openings or orifices. It can also refer to speech, edges, and portions. Additionally, it denotes a weight equal to one third of a shekel, found in 1 Samuel 13:21.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

פֶּה 485 n.m. mouth

mouth, of man, organ of eating and drinking

external organ

much oftener, as organ of speech, of man

as laughing; panting

of God

of idols

of musical instr. = sound

of animals; hence of edge of sword

mouth = opening, orifice

extremity, end

= portion

with preps.

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6310 פֶּה mouth . . mouth, of man, organ of eating and drinking

. external organ

. . much oftener, as organ of speech, of man

. as laughing; panting

. of God

. of idols

. of musical instr. = sound

. of animals

. mouth = opening, orifice

. . extremity, end

. = portion

. with preps.

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6310 peh peh

from 6284; the mouth (as the means of blowing), whether

literal or figurative (particularly speech); specifically

edge, portion or side; adverbially (with preposition)

according to:--accord(-ing as, -ing to), after, appointment,

assent, collar, command(-ment), X eat, edge, end, entry, +

file, hole, X in, mind, mouth, part, portion, X (should)

say(-ing), sentence, skirt, sound, speech, X spoken, talk,

tenor, X to, + two-edged, wish, word.

see HEBREW for 06284

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

פֶּה (peh) — lip.

: lip/mouth

peh

1) mouth

1a) mouth (of man)

1b) mouth (as organ of speech)

1c) mouth (of animals)

1d) mouth, opening, orifice (of a well, river, etc)

1e) extremity, end pim

2) a weight equal to one third of a shekel, occurs only in 1Sa 13:21

פֶּה (peh) — lip: edge.

: edge

peh

1) mouth

1a) mouth (of man)

1b) mouth (as organ of speech)

1c) mouth (of animals)

1d) mouth, opening, orifice (of a well, river, etc)

1e) extremity, end pim

2) a weight equal to one third of a shekel, occurs only in 1Sa 13:21

פֶּה (peh) — lip: word.

: word/command

peh

1) mouth

1a) mouth (of man)

1b) mouth (as organ of speech)

1c) mouth (of animals)

1d) mouth, opening, orifice (of a well, river, etc)

1e) extremity, end pim

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
HNcmsc/Sp3fs
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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