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Psalms 79:13 — Word Study

Depth

WLCוַאֲנַ֤חְנוּ עַמְּךָ֨׀ וְצֹ֥אן מַרְעִיתֶךָ֮ נ֤וֹדֶ֥ה לְּךָ֗ לְע֫וֹלָ֥ם לְדֹ֥ר וָדֹ֑ר נְ֝סַפֵּ֗ר תְּהִלָּתֶֽךָ׃

BSAThen weʼănachnûw [a nation] Your peopleʻam the sheeptsôʼn [a flock of sheep or goats] of Your pasturemirʻîyth [the act of caring for them, like a shepherd] will thankyâdâh [to give thanks, praise] foreverʻôwlâm [always, eternally] from generationdôwr [a period of time, a group of people] to generationdôwr [a succession of people] we will declareçâphar [recount, show forth] Your praisetᵉhillâh [a song of praise, an act of worship]

Word
Listen & take awayPsalms 79
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 13 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (te.hi.la.Te.kha) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Psalms 79:13quick helps
In a sentenceThe psalmist expresses gratitude on behalf of God's people, affirming their commitment to praise Him eternally.
Who is speakingThe psalmist, representing the community of Israel.
Where we areIn a prayerful declaration of thanks amid a context of suffering and oppression.
The hard wordנְ֝סַפֵּ֗ר
Take awayThe commitment to praise God spans generations.
7 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Trapp, Ellicott & more — read them › clause verbיָדָה The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Psalms 79:13

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — A Declaration of Praisegenerated

10Why should the nations ask, “Where is their God?” Before our eyes, make known among the nations Your vengeance for the bloodshed of Your servants.
11May the groans of the captives reach You; by the strength of Your arm preserve those condemned to death.
12Pay back into the laps of our neighbors sevenfold the reproach they hurled at You, O Lord.
13Then we Your people, the sheep of Your pasture, will thank You forever; from generation to generation we will declare Your praise.

Psalm 79:13 emphasizes the collective voice of God's people, who, despite their circumstances, vow to thank Him forever. This verse is part of a prayer asking for God's intervention against their oppressors, reflecting a deep reliance on God's mercy and faithfulness. The psalmist reminds the community of their identity as God's flock, encouraging a spirit of gratitude and worship that is to be passed down through generations.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Psalm 74:1Why have You rejected us forever, O God? Why does Your anger smolder against the sheep of Your pasture?
2Psalm 95:7For He is our God, and we are the people of His pasture, the sheep under His care. Today, if you hear His voice,
3Psalm 100:3Know that the LORD is God. It is He who made us, and we are His; we are His people, and the sheep of His pasture.
4Psalm 45:17I will commemorate your name through all generations; therefore the nations will praise you forever and ever.
5Psalm 74:18–22Remember how the enemy has mocked You, O LORD, how a foolish people has spurned Your name.

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 7 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word נְ֝סַפֵּ֗ר, ne.sa.Pergenerated

The verb נְ֝סַפֵּ֗ר (ne.saper) is a Piel imperfect form, meaning 'we will recount' or 'we will tell.' This form indicates an ongoing or future action, emphasizing the act of declaring or narrating.

The root of the word, סָפַר (safar), relates to counting or recording, which connects to the idea of sharing stories or praises. This highlights the importance of communal memory and the act of worship as a collective responsibility.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

Translations of this verse are consistent in conveying the idea of giving thanks and declaring praise.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The main verb driving the verse is נ֤וֹדֶ֥ה (we will give thanks), which governs the rest of the sentence. The structure includes a subject phrase identifying God's people and their relationship to Him, followed by a commitment to thank Him and declare His praise across generations.

The sentence is constructed with a series of noun phrases and prepositional phrases that elaborate on the subject and the action, emphasizing the communal aspect of worship and the continuity of praise through time.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

In the Septuagint, the Hebrew words are rendered with corresponding Greek terms, maintaining the essence of the original meaning. The Greek word for 'we will recount' reflects a similar commitment to proclaiming God's deeds.

This choice of translation suggests a continuity of thought from the Hebrew text, emphasizing the importance of declaring God's praise in both traditions.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Psalm 79:13 shows God's people promising to thank Him forever and to tell of His praises from one generation to the next. This verse is part of a larger prayer asking for God's help, and it reflects the community's commitment to worship and remember God's goodness.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean to declare God's praise?

To declare God's praise means to publicly acknowledge and celebrate His goodness, faithfulness, and mighty acts, as a community and individually.

Why is the imagery of sheep used?

The imagery of sheep emphasizes the relationship between God and His people, portraying them as cared for and guided by Him, much like a shepherd cares for his flock.

How can we pass down praise from generation to generation?

Passing down praise can be done through teaching, storytelling, worship, and sharing experiences of God's faithfulness with younger generations.

What is the significance of thanking God forever?

Thanking God forever signifies an eternal commitment to recognize His goodness, regardless of circumstances, and to maintain a posture of gratitude in all aspects of life.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. In what ways can I express gratitude to God in my daily life?
  2. How can I share stories of God's faithfulness with others?
  3. What does it mean to be part of God's flock in today's context?
  4. How can I encourage others to declare God's praise in their lives?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

Early church fathers, such as Augustine, referenced this verse to discuss themes of justice and divine retribution in their writings.

Augustine of HippoExposition on Psalms 79 354–430
"Render," he says, "to our neighbours seven times so much into their bosoms" [Psalms 79:13].
Early Church Fathers on Psalms 79 →

Commentators on this verse — 7 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Psalms 79:13 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

So we thy people, and sheep of thy pasture,.... Who were the people of God, not by creation and providence only, as all men are, being his creatures, and provided for by him; but by special choice,

Read John Gill on Psalms 79 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

So we thy people and sheep of thy pasture will give thee thanks for ever: we will shew forth thy praise to all generations.

Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 79 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Psalms 79:13 So we thy people and sheep of thy pasture will give thee thanks for ever: we will shew forth thy praise to all generations. Ver. 13. So we thy people … will give thee praise] A service which the saints know to be so acceptable to God, that they commonly promise it, and accordingly perform it, Hosea 14:2, engaging also their children, as here, to do the like.

Read John Trapp on Psalms 79 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(13) “The last word of the psalm is Tehillah; the one crowning privilege of God’s people; the exulting and triumphant confidence in God, which only His chosen can entertain and express. It is here placed in splendid contrast with the reproach of the heathen, and of the malicious neighbours mentioned in the preceding verse. Let them curse so long as thou dost bless (Burgess, Notes on the Hebrew Psalms).

Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 79 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 13. We thy people] Whom thou hast chosen from among all the people of the earth. And sheep of thy pasture] Of whom thou thyself art the Shepherd. Let us not be destroyed by those who are thy enemies; and we, in all our generations, will give thanks unto thee for ever. ANALYSIS OF THE SEVENTY-NINTH PSALM This Psalm contains the four following parts: - I. A complaint for the desolation of Jerusalem, Psalms 79:1-5. II. A deprecation of God's anger, Psalms 79:5. III. A twofold petition: - 1. Against the enemies of God's people, Psalms 79:6-7; Psalms 79:10-12. 2. For the people, Psalms 79:8-9. IV. A doxology, Psalms 79:13. I. The complaint is bitter, and is amplified by a climax, - 1. "The…

Read AdamClarke on Psalms 79 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

13. Concluding vow of thanksgiving. Israel will then be able to render its tribute of unceasing praise to its Lord and Shepherd. sheep of thy pasture] Cp. Psalms 74:1, note; Psalms 80:1. thy praise] Cp. Psalms 74:21; Psalms 78:4. To set forth Jehovah’s praise was Israel’s mission, Isaiah 43:21.

Read Cambridge on Psalms 79 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

So we thy people, and sheep of thy pasture - See the notes at Psalms 74:1. Will give thee thanks for ever - Will praise thee always; will acknowledge thee as our God, and will evermore render thee thanksgiving.

Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 79 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

Then we Your people, the sheep of Your pasture, will thank You forever; from generation to generation we will declare Your praise.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

So we, your people and sheep of your pasture, will give you thanks forever. We will praise you forever, to all generations.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

Then we Your people, the sheep of Your pasture, will thank You forever; from generation to generation we will declare Your praise.

NETBNew English Translation2006

Then we, your people, the sheep of your pasture, will continually thank you. We will tell coming generations of your praiseworthy acts.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

So we thy people and sheep of thy pasture will give thee thanks for ever: we will shew forth thy praise to all generations.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

So we thy people and sheep of thy pasture Will give thee thanks for ever: We will show forth thy praise to all generations.

RVARevised Version, American1894

So we thy people and sheep of thy pasture will give thee thanks for ever: we will shew forth thy praise to all generations.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

So we thy people and sheep of thy pasture will give thee thanks for ever: we will show forth thy praise to all generations.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

So wee thy people, and sheepe of thy pasture shall praise thee for euer: and from generation to generation we will set foorth thy praise.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

And we, thy people and the sheep of thy pasture, will give thanks unto thee for ever; we will shew forth thy praise from generation to generation.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

And we, Thy people, and the flock of Thy pasture, We give thanks to Thee to the age, To all generations we recount Thy praise!

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

And we, Your people, and the flock of Your pasture, || We give thanks to You for all time, || We recount Your praise from generation to generation!

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

But we thy people and the flock of thy pasture will give thanks unto thee for ever: from generation to generation will we relate thy praise.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

So we your people and sheep of your pasture will give you thanks forever. We will tell your praises to all generations.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

Why hast thou broken down the hedge thereof, so that all they who pass by the way do pluck it?

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

Then we your people, the flock of your pasture, will praise you forever. We will thank you for all generations to come.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

So we your people, and the sheep of your flock, will give you glory for ever: we will go on praising you through all generations.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

וַandclausenoun phrase · subjectאֲנַ֤חְנוּwenoun phrasenoun phraseעַמְּpeopleךָ֨yourוְandnoun phraseצֹ֥אןthe.sheepnoun phraseמַרְעִיתֶyour.pastureךָ֮yourverbנ֤וֹדֶ֥הwe.will.give.thanksprepositional phrase · prepositionalלְּtoךָ֗youprepositional phrase · prepositionalלְforeverע֫וֹלָ֥םof.perpetuityclauseprepositional phrase · prepositionalלְtonoun phraseדֹ֥רa.generationוָandדֹ֑רa.generationverbנְ֝סַפֵּ֗רwe.will.recountnoun phrase · objectתְּהִלָּתֶֽpraiseךָyour

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text aligns with the Septuagint in this verse, with all words matched. This agreement indicates a consistent understanding of the text across these ancient witnesses.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

וַאֲנַ֤חְנוּ עַמְּךָ֨׀ וְצֹ֥אן מַרְעִיתֶךָ֮ נ֤וֹדֶ֥ה לְּךָ֗ לְע֫וֹלָ֥ם לְדֹ֥ר וָדֹ֑ר נְ֝סַפֵּ֗ר תְּהִלָּתֶֽךָ׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
וַאֲנַ֤חְנוּἡμεῖςעַמְּךָ֨׀σουוְצֹ֥אןπρόβαταמַרְעִיתֶךָ֮σουנ֤וֹדֶ֥הἀνθομολογησόμεθάלְּךָ֗σοιלְע֫וֹלָ֥םαἰῶναלְדֹ֥רγενεὰνוָדֹ֑רγενεὰνנְ֝סַפֵּ֗רἐχαγγελοῦμενתְּהִלָּתֶֽךָ׃σου

11 of the 11 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Psalms 79:13אֲנַ֫חְנוּand weand weאֲנַ֫חְנוּעַםpeople yourpeople yourעַםצֹאןand [the] sand [the] sheepצֹאןמַרְעִיתpasture youpasture yourמַרְעִיתיָדָהwe will givwe will give thיָדָהךָּto youto youךָּעוֹלָםfor everfor everעוֹלָםדּוֹרto a generato a generationדּוֹרדּוֹרand a generand a generatioדּוֹרסָפַרwe will recwe will recountסָפַרתְּהִלָּהpraise yourpraise yourתְּהִלָּהדּוּרדּוּראָֽנֹכִ֫יIIאָֽנֹכִ֫יעָמַםto darkento darkenעָמַםיָדhandhandיָדעָלַםto concealto concealעָלַםבֵּית־עֵ֫קֶדHouse of SHouse of Shepheבֵּית־עֵ֫קֶדהָלַלto shineto shineהָלַלזֵ֫כֶרmemorialmemorialזֵ֫כֶראֵיךְhow?how?אֵיךְפֹּהherehereפֹּהבָּקַרcattlecattleבָּקַרפּוּץto scatterto scatterפּוּץצֹאןSheep (GatSheep (Gate)צֹאןפָּלַלto prayto prayפָּלַלעַדperpetuityperpetuityעַדדּוֹרgenerationgenerationדּוֹרעֶזְרָאEzraEzraעֶזְרָאשָׁפָןrock badgerock badgerשָׁפָן
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Psalms 79:13

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

and we people your and [the] sheep of pasture your we will give thanks to you for ever to a generation and a generation we will recount praise your
וַאֲנַ֤חְנוּva.'a.Nach.nu and we H587 Conjunction · pronoun
120× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A Hebrew word for we or us, used for emphasis, like when Moses said we will follow God's commands, emphasizing the community's commitment.
Amplified meaning
a nation
Tyndale gloss
we
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֲנַ֫חְנוּ (anachnuw) is the first-person plural pronoun meaning 'we' or 'ourselves.' It is used for emphasis and is derived from another Hebrew word, אֲנִי (ani), meaning 'I.' The entries consistently define it as a pronoun without significant disagreement.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֲנַ֫חְנוּ, אֲנָ֑חְנוּ pron. 1pl. comm. we

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H587 אֲנַ֫חְנוּ, אֲנָ֑חְנוּ we

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

587 'anachnuw an-akh'-noo

apparently from 595; we:--ourselves, us, we.

see HEBREW for 0595

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֲנַ֫חְנוּ (a.nach.nu) — we.

we (first pers. pl. -usually used for emphasis)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | Pron — Conjunction · pronoun
HC/Pp1bp
and we people your and [the] sheep of pasture your we will give thanks to you for ever to a generation and a generation we will recount praise your
עַמְּךָ֨׀'a.me.Kha people your H5971 Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
1,873× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A people or nation is what this Hebrew word represents, like the nation of Israel in Exodus 33:13. It can also mean a tribe, troops, or attendants, and is used to describe a group of people gathered together. The word is often used to refer to the people of God.
Tyndale gloss
Amaw
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עַם (am) primarily means 'people' or 'nation,' referring to a collective group, often in the context of tribes such as those of Israel. It can also denote kinsmen or compatriots. The term appears in various contexts, including military and familial references. There is a mention of a specific individual named Ammi in Song of Solomon 6:12.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עַם, עָם 1810 n.m. people

a people, nation

= smaller units

= common people

people in gen., persons

phrases

base

[עַם] n.[m.] kinsman (on father's side)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5971a עַם, עָם people H5971b עַם kinsman (on father's side)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5971 `am am

from 6004; a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a

tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or

attendants; figuratively, a flock:--folk, men, nation,

people.

see HEBREW for 06004

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עַם (am) — people.

: people/nation

1) nation, people

1a) people, nation

1b) persons, members of one's people, compatriots, country-men

עַם (am) — kinsman.

kinsman, kindred

עַם (am) — Ammi.

A man living at the time of United Monarchy, only mentioned at Sng.6.12

§ kinsman, kindred

עַם (am) — People's (Gate).

§ kinsman, kindred

עַם (am) — (Ibleam)-am.

Combined with yiv.le.am (יִבְלְעָם "Ibleam" H2991)

§ kinsman, kindred

עַם (am) — Amaw.

This name means nation, people

עַם (am) — people: soldiers.

: soldiers/army

1) nation, people

1a) people, nation

1b) persons, members of one's people, compatriots, country-men

עַם (am) — people: creatures.

: creatures

1) nation, people

1a) people, nation

1b) persons, members of one's people, compatriots, country-men

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
HNcmsc/Sp2ms
and we people your and [the] sheep of pasture your we will give thanks to you for ever to a generation and a generation we will recount praise your
וְצֹ֥אןve.Tzon and [the] sheep of H6629 Conjunction · noun common both singular construct
274× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word refers to a flock of sheep or goats, and is sometimes used to describe people in a figurative sense. It is also associated with the Sheep Gate in Jerusalem, a significant location in biblical times.
Amplified meaning
a flock of sheep or goats
Tyndale gloss
Sheep (Gate)
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

צֹאן (tso'n) refers to small cattle, specifically sheep and goats, and is used to denote a flock or flocks. It can also be used metaphorically to describe a multitude. The term appears in contexts such as Psalm 144:13, where it emphasizes the collective nature of these animals.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

צֹאן 273 n.coll.f. small cattle, sheep and goats, flock, flocks

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6629 צֹאן small cattle, sheep and goats, flock, flocks

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6629 tso'n tsone

or tsaown (Psalm 144:13) {tseh-one'}; from an unused root

meaning to migrate; a collective name for a flock (of sheep or

goats); also figuratively (of men):--(small) cattle, flock

(+ -s), lamb (+ -s), sheep((-cote, -fold, -shearer, -herds)).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

צֹאן (tson) — flock.

1) small cattle, sheep, sheep and goats, flock, flocks

1a) small cattle (usually of sheep and goats)

1b) of multitude (simile)

1c) of multitude (metaphor)

צֹאן (tson) — Sheep (Gate).

This name means sheep and goats

Also named: probatikos (προβατικός "Sheep Gate" G4262)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | N-cs — Conjunction · noun common both singular construct
HC/Ncbsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

and we people your and [the] sheep of pasture your we will give thanks to you for ever to a generation and a generation we will recount praise your
מַרְעִיתֶךָ֮mar.'i.te.Kha pasture your H4830 Noun common feminine singular construct · suffix
10× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Refers to the act of caring for sheep or goats, like a shepherd. It can also mean the animals themselves, as in a flock. This word is used in the Bible to describe the work of a shepherd.
Amplified meaning
the act of caring for them, like a shepherd
Tyndale gloss
pasturing
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מַרְעִית (mir`iyth) refers to concepts related to pasturing and shepherding, including pasturage and a flock. It is derived from a root meaning to feed. The term encompasses both the act of grazing and the collective group of animals being tended.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[מַרְעִית] n.f. pasturing, shepherding, pasturage

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4830 [מַרְעִית] pasturing, shepherding, pasturage

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4830 mir`iyth meer-eeth'

from 7462 in the sense of feeding; pasturage; concretely, a

flock:--flock, pasture.

see HEBREW for 07462

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מַרְעִית (mir.it) — pasturing.

1) pasturing, pasturage, shepherding

1a) pasturing, shepherding

1b) pasturage

1c) flock (meton)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-fs | Suff — Noun common feminine singular construct · suffix
HNcfsc/Sp2ms
and we people your and [the] sheep of pasture your we will give thanks to you for ever to a generation and a generation we will recount praise your
נ֤וֹדֶ֥הno.Deh we will give thanks H3034 Verb · Hiphil · imperfect first person common plural
114× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To give thanks or praise, originally meaning to throw or cast, like shooting an arrow. In the Bible, it's used to describe worship or confession with extended hands. It appears in Psalms and other books, like 1 Chronicles.
Amplified meaning
to give thanks, praise
Tyndale gloss
to give thanks
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יָדָה (yadah) is a Hebrew verb meaning to throw or cast, particularly in the context of shooting arrows or stones. It also encompasses the meanings of giving thanks, praising, and confessing, especially in a ritual context. The word is built from a primitive root and has various forms, including Qal, Piel, Hiphil, and Hithpael, indicating different nuances of action.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[יָדָה] vb. throw, cast

Qal shoot (arrows) at

Pi. and they cast (stones) on me

Hiph.

give thanks, laud, praise

confess

Hithp.

confess

give thanks, in ritual worship

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3034 [יָדָה] throw, cast .shoot (arrows) at

. and they cast (stones) on me

. . give thanks, laud, praise

. confess

. . confess

. give thanks, in ritual worship

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3034 yadah yaw-daw'

a primitive root; used only as denominative from 3027;

literally, to use (i.e. hold out) the hand; physically, to

throw (a stone, an arrow) at or away; especially to revere or

worship (with extended hands); intensively, to bemoan (by

wringing the hands):--cast (out), (make) confess(-ion),

praise, shoot, (give) thank(-ful, -s, -sgiving).

see HEBREW for 03027

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יָדָה (ya.dah) — to give thanks.

1) to throw, shoot, cast

1a) (Qal) to shoot (arrows)

1b) (Piel) to cast, cast down, throw down

1c) (Hiphil)

1c1) to give thanks, laud, praise

1c2) to confess, confess (the name of God)

1d) (Hithpael)

1d1) to confess (sin)

1d2) to give thanks

Aramaic equivalent: ye.da (יְדָא "to praise" H3029)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Hiphil-Imperf-1cp — Verb · Hiphil · imperfect first person common plural
HVhi1cp
and we people your and [the] sheep of pasture your we will give thanks to you for ever to a generation and a generation we will recount praise your
לְּךָ֗le.Kha to you H9031 Preposition · suffix
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

ךָּ (ka) — you.

Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 2nd person masculine singular

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HR/Sp2ms — Preposition · suffix
HR/Sp2ms
and we people your and [the] sheep of pasture your we will give thanks to you for ever to a generation and a generation we will recount praise your
לְע֫וֹלָ֥םle.'o.Lam for ever H5769 Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
438× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means forever or always, describing something that lasts an eternity. It is used in the Bible to describe God's eternal nature and his lasting promises.
Amplified meaning
always, eternally
Tyndale gloss
forever: antiquity
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עוֹלָם (owlam) refers to concepts of long duration, antiquity, and futurity, encompassing meanings like eternity and perpetual existence. It is derived from a root meaning 'concealed' or 'the vanishing point.' The term is used to describe both ancient times and an indefinite future, indicating continuity and everlastingness.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עוֹלָם 439 n.m. long duration, antiquity, futurity

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5769 עוֹלָם long duration, antiquity, futurity

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5769 `owlam o-lawm'

or lolam {o-lawm'}; from 5956; properly, concealed, i.e. the

vanishing point; generally, time out of mind (past or future),

i.e. (practically) eternity; frequentatively, adverbial

(especially with prepositional prefix) always:--alway(-s),

ancient (time), any more, continuance, eternal, (for,

(n-))ever(-lasting, -more, of old), lasting, long (time), (of)

old (time), perpetual, at any time, (beginning of the) world

(+ without end). Compare 5331, 5703.

see HEBREW for 05956

see HEBREW for 05331

see HEBREW for 05703

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עוֹלָם (o.lam) — forever: enduring.

: enduring/eternal

1) long duration, antiquity, futurity, for ever, ever, everlasting, evermore, perpetual, old, ancient, world

1a) ancient time, long time (of past)

1b) (of future)

1b1) for ever, always

1b2) continuous existence, perpetual

1b3) everlasting, indefinite or unending future, eternity

עוֹלָם (o.lam) — Everlasting.

This name means long duration, everlasting, perpetual

Another name of ye.ho.vah (יהוה "LORD" H3068G)

עוֹלָם (o.lam) — forever: any time.

: any_time

1) long duration, antiquity, futurity, for ever, ever, everlasting, evermore, perpetual, old, ancient, world

1a) ancient time, long time (of past)

1b) (of future)

1b1) for ever, always

1b2) continuous existence, perpetual

1b3) everlasting, indefinite or unending future, eternity

עוֹלָם (o.lam) — forever: antiquity.

: old/ancient

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
HR/Ncmsa
and we people your and [the] sheep of pasture your we will give thanks to you for ever to a generation and a generation we will recount praise your
לְדֹ֥רle.Dor to a generation H1755 Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
167× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word refers to a period of time or a generation of people. It is used in the Bible to describe a group of people living at the same time. In the book of Psalms, it describes a generation of people who follow God.
Amplified meaning
a period of time, a group of people
Tyndale gloss
generation
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word דּוֹר (dor) encompasses meanings related to a period or generation, often emphasizing the transitory nature of life. It can refer to a specific age, a class of people living at a certain time, or a dwelling place. The entries suggest a focus on both the temporal and spatial aspects of existence.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

דּוֹר, דֹּר n.m. period, generation, dwelling

period, age, generation, mostly poet.

of men living at a particular time (period, age), generation, as transitory

generation characterized by quality or condition, class of men

dwelling-place, habitation

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1755 דּוֹר, דֹּר period, generation, dwelling . period, age, generation, mostly poet.

. of men living at a particular time (period, age), generation, as transitory

. generation characterized by quality or condition, class of men

. dwelling-place, habitation

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1755 dowr dore

or (shortened) dor {dore}; from 1752; properly, a revolution

of time, i.e. an age or generation; also a dwelling:--age, X

evermore, generation, (n-)ever, posterity.

see HEBREW for 01752

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

דּוֹר (dor) — generation.

1) period, generation, habitation, dwelling

1a) period, age, generation (period of time)

1b) generation (those living during a period)

1c) generation (characterised by quality, condition, class of men)

1d) dwelling-place, habitation

Aramaic equivalent: dar (דָּר "generation" H1859)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
HR/Ncmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

jen-er-a'-shun (Latin generatio, from genero, "beget"):

(1) The translation

(a) of dor, "circle," "generation," hence, "age," "period," "cycle": "many generations" (De 32:7);

(b) the people of any particular period or those born about the same time: "Righteous before me in this generation" (Ge 7:1); "four generations" (Job 42:16);

(c) the people of a particular class or sort, with some implied reference to hereditary quality; the wicked (De 32:5; Pr 30:11); the righteous (Ps 14:5; 112:2).

(2) toledhoth, "births," hence

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Generation

Gen. 2:4, “These are the generations,” means the “history.” 5:1, “The book of the generations,” means a family register, or history of Adam. 37:2, “The generations of Jacob” = the history of Jacob and his descendants. 7:1, “In this generation” = in this age. Ps. 49:19, “The generation of his fathers” = the dwelling of his fathers, i.e., the grave. Ps. 73:15, “The generation of thy children” = the contemporary race. Isa. 53:8, “Who shall declare his generation?” = His manner of life who shall declare? or rather = His race, posterity, shall be so numerous that no one shall be able to declare it.

Smith's Bible Dictionary

In the long-lived patriarchal age a generation seems to have been computed at 100 years, (Genesis 15:16) comp. Genesis15:13 and Eccl 12:40 But subsequently the reckoning was the same which has been adopted by modern civilized nations, viz. from thirty to forty years (Job 42:16) (Generation is also used to signify the men of an age or time, as contemporaries, (Genesis 6:9; Isaiah 53:8) posterity , especially in legal formulae, (Leviticus 3:17) etc.; fathers, or ancestors. (Psalms 49:19)

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

Besides the common acceptation of this word, as signifying race, descent, lineage, it is used for the history and genealogy of a person, as in Ge 5:1, "the book of the generations of Adam," that is, the history of Adam’s creation and of his posterity. So in Ge 2:4, "The generations of the heavens and of the earth," that is, their genealogy, so to speak, the history of the creation of heaven and earth; also in Mt 1:1, "The book of the generation of Jesus Christ," that is, the genealogy of Jesus Christ," that is, the genealogy of Jesus Christ, the history of his descent and life. "The present generation" comprises all those who are now alive; "This generation shall not pass till all be fulfilled," some now living shall witness the…

and we people your and [the] sheep of pasture your we will give thanks to you for ever to a generation and a generation we will recount praise your
וָדֹ֑רva.Dor and a generation H1755 Conjunction · noun common masculine singular absolute
167× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word refers to a period of time or a generation of people. It is used in the Bible to describe a group of people living at the same time. In the book of Psalms, it describes a generation of people who follow God.
Amplified meaning
a succession of people
Tyndale gloss
generation
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word דּוֹר (dor) encompasses meanings related to a period or generation, often emphasizing the transitory nature of life. It can refer to a specific age, a class of people living at a certain time, or a dwelling place. The entries suggest a focus on both the temporal and spatial aspects of existence.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

דּוֹר, דֹּר n.m. period, generation, dwelling

period, age, generation, mostly poet.

of men living at a particular time (period, age), generation, as transitory

generation characterized by quality or condition, class of men

dwelling-place, habitation

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1755 דּוֹר, דֹּר period, generation, dwelling . period, age, generation, mostly poet.

. of men living at a particular time (period, age), generation, as transitory

. generation characterized by quality or condition, class of men

. dwelling-place, habitation

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1755 dowr dore

or (shortened) dor {dore}; from 1752; properly, a revolution

of time, i.e. an age or generation; also a dwelling:--age, X

evermore, generation, (n-)ever, posterity.

see HEBREW for 01752

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

דּוֹר (dor) — generation.

1) period, generation, habitation, dwelling

1a) period, age, generation (period of time)

1b) generation (those living during a period)

1c) generation (characterised by quality, condition, class of men)

1d) dwelling-place, habitation

Aramaic equivalent: dar (דָּר "generation" H1859)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | N-ms — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular absolute
HC/Ncmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

jen-er-a'-shun (Latin generatio, from genero, "beget"):

(1) The translation

(a) of dor, "circle," "generation," hence, "age," "period," "cycle": "many generations" (De 32:7);

(b) the people of any particular period or those born about the same time: "Righteous before me in this generation" (Ge 7:1); "four generations" (Job 42:16);

(c) the people of a particular class or sort, with some implied reference to hereditary quality; the wicked (De 32:5; Pr 30:11); the righteous (Ps 14:5; 112:2).

(2) toledhoth, "births," hence

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Generation

Gen. 2:4, “These are the generations,” means the “history.” 5:1, “The book of the generations,” means a family register, or history of Adam. 37:2, “The generations of Jacob” = the history of Jacob and his descendants. 7:1, “In this generation” = in this age. Ps. 49:19, “The generation of his fathers” = the dwelling of his fathers, i.e., the grave. Ps. 73:15, “The generation of thy children” = the contemporary race. Isa. 53:8, “Who shall declare his generation?” = His manner of life who shall declare? or rather = His race, posterity, shall be so numerous that no one shall be able to declare it.

Smith's Bible Dictionary

In the long-lived patriarchal age a generation seems to have been computed at 100 years, (Genesis 15:16) comp. Genesis15:13 and Eccl 12:40 But subsequently the reckoning was the same which has been adopted by modern civilized nations, viz. from thirty to forty years (Job 42:16) (Generation is also used to signify the men of an age or time, as contemporaries, (Genesis 6:9; Isaiah 53:8) posterity , especially in legal formulae, (Leviticus 3:17) etc.; fathers, or ancestors. (Psalms 49:19)

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

Besides the common acceptation of this word, as signifying race, descent, lineage, it is used for the history and genealogy of a person, as in Ge 5:1, "the book of the generations of Adam," that is, the history of Adam’s creation and of his posterity. So in Ge 2:4, "The generations of the heavens and of the earth," that is, their genealogy, so to speak, the history of the creation of heaven and earth; also in Mt 1:1, "The book of the generation of Jesus Christ," that is, the genealogy of Jesus Christ," that is, the genealogy of Jesus Christ, the history of his descent and life. "The present generation" comprises all those who are now alive; "This generation shall not pass till all be fulfilled," some now living shall witness the…

and we people your and [the] sheep of pasture your we will give thanks to you for ever to a generation and a generation we will recount praise your
נְ֝סַפֵּ֗רne.sa.Per we will recount H5608 Verb · Piel · imperfect first person common plural
159× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word refers to a scribe or secretary who records or inscribes information. It is used in the Bible to describe someone who counts or enumerates things. The KJV translates it as 'scribe, tell, writer'.
Amplified meaning
recount, show forth
Tyndale gloss
to recount
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

סָפַר (safar) is a Hebrew verb meaning to count or recount, with various forms indicating actions like declaring or rehearsing. The noun form סֹפֵר (sofer) refers to a scribe or secretary. The entries highlight its use in contexts of enumeration and record-keeping, but do not present significant disagreement among lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

סָפַר 107 vb. count, Pi. recount, relate

Qal 27

count things, to learn their number

number = take account of, carefully observe and consider, reckon

Niph. be counted, numbered

Pi. 67 recount, rehearse, declare

Pu. be recounted, related, rehearsed

base

סֹפֵר, סוֹפֵר n.m. enumerator, muster-officer, secretary, scribe

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5608a סָפַר count, Pi. recount, relate .. count things, to learn their number

. number = take account of, carefully observe and consider, reckon

. be counted, numbered

. recount, rehearse, declare

. be recounted, related, rehearsed

H5608b סֹפֵר, סוֹפֵר enumerator, muster-officer, secretary, scribe

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5608 caphar saw-far'

a primitive root; properly, to score with a mark as a tally

or record, i.e. (by implication) to inscribe, and also to

enumerate; intensively, to recount, i.e. celebrate:--commune,

(ac-)count; declare, number, + penknife, reckon, scribe, shew

forth, speak, talk, tell (out), writer.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

סָפַר (sa.phar) — to recount.

v

1) to count, recount, relate

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to count (things)

1a2) to number, take account of, reckon

1b) (Niphal) to be counted, be numbered

1c) (Piel) to recount, rehearse, declare

1c1) to recount (something), rehearse

1c2) to talk

1c3) to count exactly or accurately

1d) (Pual) to be recounted, be rehearsed, be related

סֹפֵר (so.pher) — secretary.

1) enumerator, muster-officer, secretary, scribe

1a) enumerator, muster-officer, secretary

1b) learned man, scribe

Aramaic equivalent: sa.pher (סָפִר "scribe" H5613)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Piel-Imperf-1cp — Verb · Piel · imperfect first person common plural
HVpi1cp
and we people your and [the] sheep of pasture your we will give thanks to you for ever to a generation and a generation we will recount praise your
תְּהִלָּתֶֽךָ׃te.hi.la.Te.kha praise your H8416 Noun common feminine singular construct · suffix
57× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Tehillah means praise or a song of praise, often directed towards God. It can also refer to a hymn or an act of public praise, acknowledging God's qualities or deeds.
Amplified meaning
a song of praise, an act of worship
Tyndale gloss
praise
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word תְּהִלָּה (*tehillah*) means praise, specifically in the form of a song or hymn. It encompasses acts of adoration and thanksgiving directed towards God, as well as general public praise and the qualities of God that warrant such praise. The word is derived from a root meaning to laud.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

תְּהִלָּה n.f. praise, song of praise

praise, adoration, thanksgiving, paid to י׳

the act of general, public, praise

praise-song, as title

qualities, deeds, etc., of י׳, demanding praise

renown, fame, glory

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H8416 תְּהִלָּה praise, song of praise . praise, adoration, thanksgiving, paid to י׳

. the act of general, public, praise

. praise-song, as title

. qualities, deeds, etc., of י׳, demanding praise

. renown, fame, glory

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

8416 thillah teh-hil-law'

from 1984; laudation; specifically (concretely) a

hymn:--praise.

see HEBREW for 01984

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

תְּהִלָּה (te.hil.lah) — praise.

1) praise, song or hymn of praise

1a) praise, adoration, thanksgiving (paid to God)

1b) act of general or public praise

1c) praise-song (as title)

1d) praise (demanded by qualities or deeds or attributes of God)

1e) renown, fame, glory

1e1) of Damascus, God

1e2) object of praise, possessor of renown (fig)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-fs | Suff — Noun common feminine singular construct · suffix
HNcfsc/Sp2ms
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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