Menu

Psalms 95:9 — Word Study

Depth

WLCאֲשֶׁ֣ר נִ֭סּוּנִי אֲבוֹתֵיכֶ֑ם בְּ֝חָנ֗וּנִי גַּם־ רָא֥וּ פָעֳלִֽי׃

BSAwhereʼăsher your fathersʼâb [ancestors, forefathers] testednâçâh [tried, proved] and tried Mebâchan [put to the test, examined] thoughgam they had seenrâʼâh [looked upon, witnessed] My workpôʻal [deeds, accomplishments, divine acts]

Word
Listen & take awayPsalms 95
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 9 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (fo.'o.Li) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Psalms 95:9quick helps
In a sentenceThe psalm recalls how the ancestors tested God despite witnessing His deeds.
Who is speakingThe psalmist, reflecting on Israel's history.
Where we areA warning against hardening hearts, recalling the wilderness experience.
The hard wordנִ֭סּוּנִי
Take awayTesting God leads to consequences; recognition of His works is essential.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause verbרָאָה The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Psalms 95:9

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — A Warning Against Hardness of Heartgenerated

8do not harden your hearts as you did at Meribah, in the day at Massah in the wilderness,
9where your fathers tested and tried Me, though they had seen My work.
10For forty years I was angry with that generation, and I said, “They are a people whose hearts go astray, and they have not known My ways.”
11So I swore on oath in My anger, “They shall never enter My rest.”

Psalms 95:9 reflects on a critical moment in Israel's history, where the ancestors tested God in the wilderness despite having seen His miraculous works. This verse serves as a reminder of the consequences of disbelief and hard-heartedness, urging the current generation not to repeat the mistakes of their forefathers. The surrounding verses emphasize the importance of faith and recognition of God's deeds throughout Israel's journey.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Psalm 78:17–18But they continued to sin against Him, rebelling in the desert against the Most High.
21 Corinthians 10:9We should not test Christ, as some of them did, and were killed by snakes.
3Numbers 14:22not one of the men who have seen My glory and the signs I performed in Egypt and in the wilderness—yet have tested Me and disobeyed Me these ten times—
4Matthew 11:20–22Then Jesus began to denounce the cities in which most of His miracles had been performed, because they did not repent.
5John 15:24If I had not done among them the works that no one else did, they would not be guilty of sin; but now they have seen and hated both Me and My Father.

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 5 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word נִ֭סּוּנִי, Ni.su.nigenerated

The Hebrew word נִסּוּ (*nisu*) is a piel perfect form of the verb נָסָה (*nasah*), meaning 'to test' or 'to try.' It conveys the action of putting something to the test, often to prove its quality or character. The parsing indicates that it is used in the third person plural, referring to the ancestors testing God.

In this context, the word emphasizes the act of challenging God's authority and reliability, despite having witnessed His powerful acts. The use of the perfect tense suggests a completed action, highlighting the historical significance of their testing.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

In the Berean Standard Bible, the phrase is rendered as tested, which aligns with the KJV and ASV.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The finite verb נִ֭סּוּ governs the main clause, indicating the action performed by the ancestors. The structure includes additional clauses that describe the actions of testing and seeing, creating a layered understanding of the events.

The phrase אֲבוֹתֵיכֶם is in the construct form, linking it to the subject of the testing, while the verbs בְּחָנ֗וּ and רָא֥וּ serve as actions that further elaborate on the ancestors' relationship with God.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates נִ֭סּוּ as ἐπείρασαν (*epeirasan*), which carries a similar meaning of testing or trying. This choice reflects the translators' understanding of the act as a challenge to God's authority.

The use of ἐπείρασαν suggests a direct engagement with the divine, emphasizing the seriousness of the ancestors' actions.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Psalms 95:9 reminds us that the ancestors tested God despite having seen His miracles. This serves as a warning not to harden our hearts like they did, as seen in the surrounding verses.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean that the ancestors tested God?

It signifies a lack of faith and trust in God, despite having witnessed His powerful deeds.

Why is this verse significant?

It serves as a reminder to the current generation to remain faithful and not repeat the mistakes of their forefathers.

How can we avoid hardening our hearts today?

By recognizing and remembering God's past deeds and remaining open to His guidance.

What lessons can we learn from the ancestors' experience?

We learn the importance of faith and the consequences of testing God.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. In what ways have I seen God work in my life, and how can I acknowledge those works?
  2. How can I ensure that I do not harden my heart like the ancestors did?
  3. What steps can I take to strengthen my faith in challenging times?
  4. How can I share the stories of God's faithfulness with others?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

Early Church Fathers, such as Augustine, reference this verse to highlight the importance of faith and the dangers of imitating the ancestors' lack of trust in God.

Augustine of HippoExposition on Psalms 95 354–430
"As in the provocation, and in the day of temptation in the wilderness, where your fathers proved Me" [Psalms 95:9]. Let such be no more your fathers: imitate them not.
Early Church Fathers on Psalms 95 →

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Psalms 95:9 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

When your fathers tempted me,.... Or, "where" (i); that is, in the wilderness, particularly at Meribah and Massah; it was Christ they tempted, as appears from 1 Corinthians 10:9 proved me: had proof

Read John Gill on Psalms 95 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

For he is our God; and we are the people of his pasture, and the sheep of his hand.

Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 95 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

When; or, in which place; which may belong either to Meribah and Massah, or to the wilderness last mentioned. Or, surely, as this word is oft used in Scripture, as hath been observed once and again. And saw; or, although or after that they saw or had seen; which is added as a just and great aggravation of their unbelief, after such a sensible and evident experience of God’ s power and goodness to them. My works; both my works of mercy, which gave them abundant cause to trust me; and my works of justice, for which they had reason to fear and please me. Heb. my work, to wit, that great and stupendous work of bringing my people out of Egypt with a strong hand, and of conducting them safely…

Read Matthew Poole on Psalms 95 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Psalms 95:9 When your fathers tempted me, proved me, and saw my work.Ver. 9. When your fathers tempted me] Ten times, all along the wilderness, Numbers 14:22, though They saw my work] Both mercies and judgments, Psalms 98:8, yet they were refractory and unmalleable.

Read John Trapp on Psalms 95 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(9) Proved me.—Properly, of trying metals. This term is used of man’s attitude towards Providence, both in a good and bad sense (Malachi 3:10; Malachi 3:15). And saw my work.—Better (as in Isaiah 49:15), Yea, they saw my works, watched, that is, God’s dealings with ever the same readiness to murmur and repine, and try the Divine patience.

Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 95 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 9. When your fathers tempted me] Tried me, by their insolence, unbelief, and blasphemy. They proved me - they had full proof of my power to save and to destroy. There they saw my works - they saw that nothing was too hard for God.

Read AdamClarke on Psalms 95 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

9. The Israelites tempted and tried God by faithless doubts of His goodness and arbitrary demands that He should prove His power (Exodus 17:2; Exodus 17:7; Psalms 78:18; Psalms 78:41; Psalms 78:56). and saw my work] While they on their part tempted God, He on His part was ever working out His providential plan, by mercy and by chastisement. But it suits the context better to render, Though they had seen my work. (For the construction cp. Nehemiah 6:1.) Though they had just had proof of God’s power and goodwill in the Exodus, it had not taught them to trust Him. Cp. Numbers 14:22.

Read Cambridge on Psalms 95 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

When your fathers - Your ancestors. See this verse explained in the notes on Hebrews 3:9. Tempted me - Tried me; tried my patience, to see how much I would bear.

Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 95 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

where your fathers tested and tried Me, though they had seen My work.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

when your fathers tempted me, tested me, and saw my work.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

where your fathers tested and tried Me, though they had seen My work.

NETBNew English Translation2006

where your ancestors challenged my authority, and tried my patience, even though they had seen my work.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

When your fathers tempted me, proved me, and saw my work.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

When your fathers tempted me, Proved me, and saw my work.

RVARevised Version, American1894

When your fathers tempted me, proved me, and saw my work.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

When your fathers tempted me, proved me, and saw my work.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

Where your fathers tempted me, proued me, though they had seene my worke.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

When your fathers tempted me, proved me, and saw my work.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

Where your fathers have tried Me, Have proved Me, yea, have seen My work.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

Where your fathers have tried Me, || Have proved Me, indeed, have seen My work.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

When your fathers tempted me, proved me, although they had seen my doing.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

where your forefathers tested me and tried me, though they had seen my deeds.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

Adore ye the Lord in his holy court. Let all the earth be moved at his presence.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

when your forefathers provoked me, testing my patience, even though they had seen everything I'd done.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

When your fathers put me to the test and saw my power and my work.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clausenoun phrase · predicaterelpאֲשֶׁ֣רwhenclauseverbנִ֭סּוּtheyobjectנִיput.me.to.the.testnoun phrase · subjectאֲבוֹתֵיancestorsכֶ֑םyourclauseverbבְּ֝חָנ֗וּtheyobjectנִיtested.meגַּםalsoclauseverbרָא֥וּthey.had.seennoun phrase · objectפָעֳלִֽworkיmy

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree on the wording of this verse, with all seven words matched. This consistency indicates a strong preservation of the original meaning across these texts.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

אֲשֶׁ֣ר נִ֭סּוּנִי אֲבוֹתֵיכֶ֑ם בְּ֝חָנ֗וּנִי גַּם־ רָא֥וּ פָעֳלִֽי׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
אֲשֶׁ֣רοὗנִ֭סּוּנִיἐπείρασανאֲבוֹתֵיכֶ֑םὑμῶνבְּ֝חָנ֗וּנִיἐδοκίμασανגַּם־καὶרָא֥וּεἴδοσανפָעֳלִֽי׃μου

7 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Psalms 95:9אֲשֶׁרwhenwhenאֲשֶׁרנָסָהthey put tothey put to [thנָסָהאָבancestors yancestors yourאָבבָּחַןthey testedthey tested meבָּחַןגַּםalsoalsoגַּםרָאָהthey had sethey had seenרָאָהפֹּ֫עַלwork mywork myפֹּ֫עַלפָּעַלto workto workפָּעַלצָוָהto commandto commandצָוָהמַ֫עַןbecausebecauseמַ֫עַןאֵלgodgodאֵלקָבַרto buryto buryקָבַראֵםmothermotherאֵםצָרַףto refineto refineצָרַףכִּלְיָהkidneykidneyכִּלְיָהתְּמוֹלyesterdayyesterdayתְּמוֹלשִׁלְשֹׁםthree daysthree days agoשִׁלְשֹׁםעֳנִיafflictionafflictionעֳנִינָבַטto lookto lookנָבַטזַךְpurepureזַךְשָׁלֵםto completto completeשָׁלֵם
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Psalms 95:9

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

when they put to [the] test me ancestors your they tested me also they had seen work my
אֲשֶׁ֣ר'a.Sher when H834 Particle
5,500× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word is a conjunction that connects ideas and events in the Bible, like in the book of Genesis, where it's used to describe the relationship between God and His creation.
Tyndale gloss
which
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word אֲשֶׁר (*asher*) is a relative pronoun that can mean 'who,' 'which,' or 'that.' It serves various grammatical functions, including as an adverb or conjunction, indicating relationships between clauses, places, or conditions. Variants like בַאֲשֶׁר (*ba-asher*), מֵאֲשֶׁר (*me-asher*), and כַּאֲשֶׁר (*ka-asher*) expand its usage to specific contexts such as location, causation, and time.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֲשֶׁר part. of relation A sign of relation, bringing the clause introduced by it into relation with an antecedent clause.

base

בַאֲשֶׁר

in (that) which

adv. in (the place) where

conj. in that, inasmuch as

on account of whom?

base

מֵאֲשֶׁר

from (or than) that which

adv. from (the place) where

conj. from (the fact) that …, since

base

כַּאֲשֶׁר conj. according as, as, when

according to that which, according as, as

with a causal force, in so far as, since

with a temporal force, when

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H834a אֲשֶׁר part. of relation A sign of relation, bringing the clause introduced by it into relation with an antecedent clause. H834b בַאֲשֶׁר . in (that) which

. adv. in (the place) where

. conj. in that, inasmuch as

. on account of whom?

H834c מֵאֲשֶׁר . from (or than) that which

. adv. from (the place) where

. conj. from (the fact) that …, since

H834d כַּאֲשֶׁר conj. according as, as, when . according to that which, according as, as

. with a causal force, in so far as, since

. with a temporal force, when

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

834 'aher ash-er'

a primitive relative pronoun (of every gender and number);

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction)

when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.:--X after, X

alike, as (soon as), because, X every, for, + forasmuch, +

from whence, + how(-soever), X if, (so) that ((thing) which,

wherein), X though, + until, + whatsoever, when, where

(+ -as, -in, -of, -on, -soever, -with), which, whilst, +

whither(- soever), who(-m, -soever, -se). As it is

indeclinable, it is often accompanied by the personal pronoun

expletively, used to show the connection.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֲשֶׁר (a.sher) — which.

A: 1) (relative part.)

1a) which, who

1b) that which

2) (conj)

2a) that (in obj clause)

2b) when

2c) since

2d) as

2e) conditional if

B: Beth+ 1) in (that) which

2) (adv)

2a) where

3) (conj)

3a) in that, inasmuch as

3b) on account of

C: Mem+ 1) from (or than) that which

2) from (the place) where

3) from (the fact) that, since

D: Kaph+

1) (conj.), according as, as, when

1a) according to that which, according as, as

1b) with a causal force: in so far as, since

1c) with a temporal force: when

בַאֲשֶׁר (ba.a.sher) — in which.

1) in (that) which

2) (adv)

2a) where

3) (conj)

3a) in that, inasmuch as

3b) on account of

מֵאֲשֶׁר (me.a.sher) — whence.

1) from (or than) that which

2) from (the place) where

3) from (the fact) that, since

כַּאֲשֶׁר (ka.a.sher) — as which.

conj

1) according as, as, when

1a) according to that which, according as, as

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Rel — Particle
HTr
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
when they put to [the] test me ancestors your they tested me also they had seen work my
נִ֭סּוּנִיNi.su.ni they put to [the] test me H5254 Verb piel perfect third person common plural · suffix
36× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to test or try something, often to prove its worth or character. It is used in stories like Job, where God allows Satan to test Job's faith. The idea of testing is also seen in the wilderness, where the Israelites were tested by God.
Amplified meaning
tried, proved
Tyndale gloss
to test
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

נָסָה (nasah) is a Hebrew verb meaning to test or try. It encompasses actions like attempting, proving, and tempting, though not in a modern context. The word is built from a primitive root and is primarily used in the Piel form. All entries agree on its core meanings without significant disagreement.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[נָסָה] vb. Pi. test, try

test, try

attempt, assay, try to do a thing

test, try, prove, tempt [but not in the modern sense of the word]

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5254 נָסָה Pi. test, try . test, try

. attempt, assay, try to do a thing

. test, try, prove, tempt [but not in the modern sense of the word]

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5254 nacah naw-saw'

a primitive root; to test; by implication, to

attempt:--adventure, assay, prove, tempt, try.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נָסָה (na.sah) — to test.

: test

1) to test, try, prove, tempt, assay, put to the proof or test

1a) (Piel)

1a1) to test, try

1a2) to attempt, assay, try

1a3) to test, try, prove, tempt

נָסָה (na.sah) — to test: try.

: try/attempt

1) to test, try, prove, tempt, assay, put to the proof or test

1a) (Piel)

1a1) to test, try

1a2) to attempt, assay, try

1a3) to test, try, prove, tempt

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Piel-Perf-3cp | Suff — Verb piel perfect third person common plural · suffix
HVpp3cp/Sp1bs
when they put to [the] test me ancestors your they tested me also they had seen work my
אֲבוֹתֵיכֶ֑ם'a.vo.tei.Khem ancestors your H1 Noun common feminine plural construct · suffix
1,213× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In Hebrew, this word means father, whether literal or figurative. It is used to describe God as the father of his people, as well as human fathers like Abraham. The word is about a paternal relationship or authority.
Amplified meaning
ancestors, forefathers
Tyndale gloss
father
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אָב (av) means 'father' and encompasses various roles such as the literal father of an individual, God as the father of His people, and the head of a household or clan. It can also refer to an ancestor, originator of a profession, or a figure of respect and protection. Notably, it can imply a ruler or chief in later contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אָב 1101 n.m. father

father of individual

of God as father of his people

head of household, family or clan

ancestor

originator or patron of a class, profession, or art

fig. of producer, generator

fig. of benevolence & protection

term of respect & honor

specif., ruler, chief (late)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1 אָב father . father of individual

. of God as father of his people

. head of household, family or clan

. ancestor

. originator or patron of a class, profession, or art

. fig. of producer, generator

. fig. of benevolence & protection

. term of respect & honor

. specif., ruler, chief (late)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1 'ab awb

a primitive word; father, in a literal and immediate, or

figurative and remote application):--chief,

(fore-)father(-less), X patrimony, principal. Compare names

in "Abi-".

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אָב (av) — father.

1) father of an individual

2) of God as father of his people

3) head or founder of a household, group, family, or clan

4) ancestor

4a) grandfather, forefathers - of person

4b) of people

5) originator or patron of a class, profession, or art

6) of producer, generator (fig.)

7) of benevolence and protection (fig.)

8) term of respect and honour

9) ruler or chief (spec.)

Also means: av (אַב "father" H0002)

אָב (av) — (Huram)-abi.

A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ki.7.13; also called Huram-abi (KJV: "Huram my father's") at 2Ch.2.13; 4.16;

Combined with chi.ram (חִירָם "Hiram" H2438H)

אָב (av) — father of.

The father of Gibeon, also known as Abiel - a man of the tribe of Benjamin living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Sa.9.1;

son of: Zeror (H6872C); married to Maacah (H4601N);

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-mp | Suff — Noun common feminine plural construct · suffix
HNcfpc/Sp2mp
when they put to [the] test me ancestors your they tested me also they had seen work my
בְּ֝חָנ֗וּנִיbe.cha.Nu.ni they tested me H974 Verb qal perfect third person common plural · suffix
29× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To test or examine something, like gold or a person's heart, is what this word means. It appears in stories like Job's trials, where his faith is tested by God, and in Proverbs 17:3, which talks about refining silver.
Amplified meaning
put to the test, examined
Tyndale gloss
to test
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בָּחַן (bachan) is a Hebrew verb meaning to examine or test. It encompasses a range of actions, including scrutinizing, proving, and trying, particularly in relation to metals, individuals, or the heart. The verb appears in various forms, such as Qal (to examine) and Niphal (to be tried).

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[בָּחַן] vb. examine, try

Qal

examine, scrutinize, try

prove, test, try

Niph. to be tried, proved

Pu. the trial has been made

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H974 [בָּחַן] examine, try

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

974 bachan baw-khan'

a primitive root; to test (especially metals); generally and

figuratively, to investigate:--examine, prove, tempt, try

(trial).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בָּחַן (ba.chan) — to test.

1) to examine, try, prove

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to examine, scrutinise

1a2) to test, prove, try (of gold, persons, the heart, man of God)

1b) (Niphal) to be tried, proved

1c) (Pual) to make a trial

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Perf-3cp | Suff — Verb qal perfect third person common plural · suffix
HVqp3cp/Sp1bs
when they put to [the] test me ancestors your they tested me also they had seen work my
גַּם־gam- also H1571 Adverb
769× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Also means 'even' or 'too', used for emphasis or to connect ideas, like 'both...and' or 'neither...nor'. It can introduce a climax or show contrast.
Tyndale gloss
also
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

גַּם (gam) is an adverb meaning 'also' or 'moreover,' indicating addition or emphasis. It can express various nuances, such as 'even,' 'indeed,' or 'but.' The term is often used in a correlational manner, as in 'both...and.' It appears in contexts that require clarification or reinforcement of a statement.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

גַּם 768 adv. denoting addition, also, moreover, yea

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1571 גַּם denoting addition, also, moreover, yea

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1571 gam gam

by contraction from an unused root meaning to gather;

properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea,

though; often repeated as correl. both...and:--again, alike,

also, (so much) as (soon), both (so)...and , but, either...or,

even, for all, (in) likewise (manner), moreover,

nay...neither, one, then(-refore), though, what, with, yea.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

גַּם (gam) — also.

1) also, even, indeed, moreover, yea

1a) also, moreover (giving emphasis)

1b) neither, neither...nor (with negative)

1c) even (for stress)

1d) indeed, yea (introducing climax)

1e) also (of correspondence or retribution)

1f) but, yet, though (adversative)

1g) even, yea, yea though (with 'when' in hypothetical case)

2) (TWOT) again, alike

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
DirObjM — Adverb
HD
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ol'-so: In the Greek kai, when it is equivalent to "also" or "even," is always placed before the word or phrase which it is intended to emphasize (e.g. Ac 12:3; 1 Joh 4:21). Mt 6:14 should therefore read, "Your heavenly Father will forgive you also"; Lu 6:13, "Whom also he named apostles"; Heb 8:6, "The mediator of a better covenant also"; and 1Th 4:14, `If we believe that Jesus died and rose again, so also (we believe that) those who are fallen asleep in Jesus, God will bring with Him.'

when they put to [the] test me ancestors your they tested me also they had seen work my
רָא֥וּra.'U they had seen H7200 Verb · Qal · perfect third person common plural
1,300× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for provider means to see or look after, and is used to describe God's care for his people. It appears in various forms throughout the Bible, including in Genesis and other books.
Amplified meaning
looked upon, witnessed
Tyndale gloss
Provider
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רָאָה (ra'ah) is a Hebrew verb meaning 'to see' and encompasses a wide range of visual and perceptual actions, including looking, observing, and causing others to see. It can refer to both literal sight and figurative understanding, with various grammatical forms indicating different nuances, such as appearing or being visible. The entries indicate a rich semantic field without significant disagreement among lexicographers.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

רָאָה 1315 vb. see

Qal 1141

see, subj.

see, c. acc. rei

see, sq. acc. cl. or phr. of closer design

see, so as to learn to know

abs. see, have (power of) vision

see = perceive

look at, see, by direct volition

of mental observation

c. ב, lit., look into, hence look at with interest

see, c. acc. rei

Niph.

appear

be seen

be visible

Pu. appar. his bones are not detected

Hithp. recipr. look at each other

Hiph.

cause one to see something, shew

cause to experience something

cause to look intently at, to behold

Hoph.

be caused to see, be shewn

be exhibited to

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7200a רָאָה see .. . see, subj.

. see, c. acc. rei

. see, sq. acc. + cl. or phr. of closer design

. see, so as to learn to know

. abs. see, have (power of) vision

. see = perceive

. look at, see, by direct volition

. of mental observation

. . c. ב, lit., look into, hence look at with interest

. see, c. acc. rei

. . appear

. be seen

. be visible

. appar. his bones are not detected

. recipr. look at each other

. . . cause one to see something, shew

. cause to experience something

. cause to look intently at, to behold

. . be caused to see, be shewn

. be exhibited to

H7200b רְאוּת look

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7200 ra'ah raw-aw'

a primitive root; to see, literally or figuratively (in

numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive,

intransitive and causative):--advise self, appear, approve,

behold, X certainly, consider, discern, (make to) enjoy, have

experience, gaze, take heed, X indeed, X joyfully, lo, look

(on, one another, one on another, one upon another, out, up,

upon), mark, meet, X be near, perceive, present, provide,

regard, (have) respect, (fore-, cause to, let) see(-r, -m, one

another), shew (self), X sight of others, (e-)spy, stare, X

surely, X think, view, visions.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רָאָה (ra.ah) — to see: see.

: see/show

1) to see, look at, inspect, perceive, consider

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to see

1a2) to see, perceive

1a3) to see, have vision

1a4) to look at, see, regard, look after, see after, learn about, observe, watch, look upon, look out, find out

1a5) to see, observe, consider, look at, give attention to, discern, distinguish

1a6) to look at, gaze at

1a7) to provide, choose

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to appear, present oneself

1b2) to be seen

1b3) to be visible

1c) (Pual) to be seen

1d) (Hiphil)

1d1) to cause to see, show

1d2) to cause to look intently at, behold, cause to gaze at

1e) (Hophal)

1e1) to be caused to see, be shown

1e2) to be exhibited to

1f) (Hithpael) to look at each other, face

רָאָה (ra.ah) — to see: examine.

: examine/consider

1) to see, look at, inspect, perceive, consider

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to see

1a2) to see, perceive

1a3) to see, have vision

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Perf-3cp — Verb · Qal · perfect third person common plural
HVqp3cp
when they put to [the] test me ancestors your they tested me also they had seen work my
פָעֳלִֽי׃fo.'o.Li work my H6467 Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
37× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A work or deed is what this word refers to, describing something that has been done or made. It can also mean wages or the result of an action.
Amplified meaning
deeds, accomplishments, divine acts
Tyndale gloss
work
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

פֹּ֫עַל (po'al) refers to an act or work, encompassing meanings like deed, thing done, and wages of work. It is noted as poetic and late in usage. The word is built from the root associated with action, and it can also imply acquisition, particularly of treasures.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

פֹּ֫עַל 37 n.m. doing, deed, work (poet. and late)

deed, thing done

work, thing made

wages of work

acquisition of treasures

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6467 פֹּ֫עַל doing, deed, work (poet. and late)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6467 po`al po'-al

from 6466; an act or work (concretely):--act, deed, do,

getting, maker, work.

see HEBREW for 06466

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

פֹּ֫עַל (po.al) — work.

1) work, deed, doing

1a) deed, thing done

1b) work, thing made

1c) wages of work

1d) acquisition (of treasure)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
HNcmsc/Sp1bs
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

Everything we make is available for free because of a generous community of supporters.

Donate