σάρξ, σαρκός, ἡ, (Aeol. σύρξ ; hence it seems to be derived fr. σύρω, akin to σαίρω, ‘to draw,’ ‘to draw off,’ and to signify what can be stripped off fr. the bones [ Etym. Magn. 708, 34; “sed quis ae ” (Lob. Paralip. p: 111)]), fr. Hom. down, Hebr. Ww 1. prop. flesh (the soft substance 5 the living body, which covers the bones and is permeated with blood) of both men and beasts: 1 Co. xv. 39; plur.—of the flesh of many beings, Rev. xix. 18, 21; of the parts of the flesh of one, Lk. xxiv. 39 Tdf.; Rev. xvii. 16; accordingly it is distinguished both from blood, σὰρξ καὶ αἷμα (on which expression see below, 2 a.; 3 bis; 4 fin. τς W. 191), and from bones, πνεῦμα σάρκα καὶ ὀστέα οὐκ ἔχει, Lk. xxiv. 39 (οὐ γὰρ ἔτι σάρκας τε καὶ ὀστέα ἶνες ἔχουσιν, Hom. Od. 11, 219). φαγεῖν Tas σάρκας τινός: prop., Rey. xvii. 16; xix. 18, (Lev. xxvi. 29; κατεσθίειν, 2 K. ix. 36, and often in Sept.; in class. Grk. freq. βιβρώσκειν σάρκας ; σαρκῶν ἐδωδή, Plut. septem sap. conviv. 6. 16) 5 trop. to torture one with eternal penal torments, Jas. ν. 3, cf. Mic. iii. 3; Ps. xxvi. (xxvii.) 2; φαγεῖν and τρώγειν τὴν σάρκα τοῦ υἱοῦ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου, in fig. disc. to appropriate to one’s self the saving results of the violent death endured by Christ, Jn. vi.52-56; ἀπέρχεσθαι or πορεύεσθαι ὀπίσω σαρκός, to follow after the flesh, is used of those who are on the search for persons with whom they can gratify their lust [see ὀπίσω, 2 a.], Jude 7; 2 Pet. ii. 10; τὸ σῶμα τῆς σαρκός, the body compacted of flesh [ef. W. 188 (177)], Col. i. 22. Since the flesh is the visible part of the body, σάρξ is 2. i. q. the body, not designating it, however, as a skilful combination of related parts (‘an organism,’ which is denoted by the word σῶμα), but signifying the material or substance of the living body [cf. Aeschyl. Sept. 622 γέροντα τὸν νοῦν σάρκα δ᾽ ἡβῶσαν φέρει]: a. univ.: Jn. vi. 63 (see πνεῦμα, 2 p. 5320" mid.); Acts ii. 26, 30 Rec.; 2 Co. xii. 7; Gal. iv. 14; Eph. v. 29; Heb. ix. 10,13; [1 Pet.iii. 21]; Jude 8; μία σάρξ. one body, of husband and wife, Mk. x. 8; so εἰς σάρκα μίαν (fr. Gen. ii. 24), Mt. xix. δ; Mk. x. 8; 1 Co. vi. 16; Eph. v. 31; opp. to ψυχή, Acts ii. 31 (ἔδωκεν .. . Ino. Xp... .7v σάρκα ὑπὲρ τῆς σαρκὸς ἡμῶν Kal THY ψυχὴν ὑπὲρ τῶν ψυχῶν ἡμῶν, Clem. Rom. 1 Cor. 49, 6 [ef. Iren. ὅ, 1,1; but ΑἸ, Τ' Tr W Hdrop ἡ ψυχὴ αὐτοῦ in Actsl.c.]); opp. to πνεῦμα (the human), 1 Co. ν. 5; 2Co. vii.1; Col. 11. δ; 1 Pet. iii. 18; iv. 6; σὰρξ x. αἷμα, i. q. ψυχικὸν σῶμα, 1 Co. xv. 50, ef. 44; ἡ περιτομὴ ἐν σαρκί, Ro. ii. 28; Eph. ii. 11; τὸ πρόσωπόν μου ev capki,[ A. V. my face in the flesh], my bodily countenance, Col. ii. 1; ἀσθένεια σαρκός, of disease, Gal. iv. 13; ἐν τῇ θνητῇ σαρκὶ ἡμῶν, 2 Co. iv. 11 (cf. ἐν τῷ σώματι ἡμῶν, VS. 10); ἐν τῇ σαρκὶ αὐτοῦ, by giving up his body to death, Eph. ii. 14 (15) ; also διὰ τῆς σαρκὸς αὐτοῦ, Heb. x. 20, ef. Jn. vi. 51, (προσφέρειν τὴν σάρκα μου, to offer in sacrifice my flesh — Christ is speaking, Barn. ep. 7,53 τὴν σάρκα παραδοῦναι εἰς καταφθοράν, ibid. 5,1). life on earth, which is passed in the body (flesh), is designated by the foll. phrases: ἐν σαρκὶ εἶναι, Ro. vii. 5 (where Paul uses this expression with designed ambiguity in order to involve also the ethical sense, ‘to be in the power of the flesh,’ to be prompted and governed by the flesh; see 4 below) ; ζῆν ἐν σαρκί, Gal. ii. 20; Phil. i. 22; ἐπιμένειν ev σαρκί, Phil. i. 24; ὁ ἐν σαρκὶ χρόνος, 1 Pet. iv. 2; ai ἡμέραι τῆς σαρκὸς αὐτοῦ, of Christ’s life on earth, Heb. v.7. ἐν σαρκί or ἐν τῇ σαρκί, in things pertaining to the flesh (body), such as circumcision, descent, ete.: Gal. vi. 12 36. ; πεποιθέναι, Phil. iii. 3 sq.; ἔχειν πεποίθησιν, Phil. iii. 4. b. used of natural or physical origin, generation, relationship: οἱ συγγενεῖς κατὰ σάρκα, Xo. ix. 3 [ef. W. 8.20, 2 4.7; τέκνα τῆς σαρκός, children by birth, natural posterity, ibid. 8; ἀδελφὸν ἐν σαρκὶ καὶ ἐν κυρίῳ, a natural brother (as it were) and a Christian brother, Philem. 16 ; of τῆς σαρκὸς ἡμῶν πατέρες, our natural fathers (opp. to God ὁ πατὴρ τῶν πνευμάτων, see πατήρ, 1 a. and 3 b.), Heb. xii. 9; τὰ ἔθνη ἐν σαρκί, Gentiles by birth, Eph. ii. 11; Ἰσραὴλ κατὰ σάρκα, 1 Co. x. 18 (the opposite term Ἰσραὴλ τοῦ θεοῦ, of Christians, is found in Gal. vi. 16); τὸ κατὰ σάρκα, as respects the flesh i.e. human origin, Ro. ix. 5 [(Clem. Rom. 1 Cor. 32, 2; Tren. haer. 4, 4, 1 and frag. 17 ed. Stieren p. 836)]; yevdμενος ἐκ σπέρματος Δαυεὶδ κατὰ σ. Ro. i. 3; ὁ κατὰ σάρκα γεννηθείς, born by natural generation (opp. to 6 κατὰ πνεῦμα yew. i. 6. by the supernatural power of God, operating in the promise), Gal. iv. 29, 23; τὸ γεγεννημένον ex τῆς σαρκὸς σάρξ ἐστιν, that which has been born of the natural man is a natural man (opp. to one who has been born again by the power of the Holy Spirit), Jn. iii. 6; ἡ σάρξ μου, those with whom I share my natural origin, my fellow-countrymen, Ro. xi. 14 (ἰδοὺ ὀστᾶ σου καὶ σάρκες σου, 2S. v.1; add, xix. 13; Gen. xxxvii. 27; Judg. ix. 2); εἶναι ἐκ τῆς σαρκὸς κ. ἐκ τῶν ὀστέων τινός, Which in its proper use signifies to be ‘ formed out of one’s flesh and bones’ (Gen. ii. 23; to be related to one by birth, Gen. xxix. 14), is transferred metaph. to the church, which spiritually derives its origin from Christ ‘and is united to him, just as Eve drew her origin from her husband Adam, Eph. v. 30 [RG Tr mrg. br.]. ο. the sensuous nature of man, ‘the animal nature’: without any suggestion of depravity, τὸ θέλημα τῆς σαρκός, of sexual desire, Jn. i. 133; the animal nature with cravings which incite to sin: Mt. xxvi. 41; Mk. xiv. 38; Ro. vii. 18 (for which τὰ μέλη is used in 22 sq.); xiii. 14; Jude 23; opp. to ὁ νοῦς, Ro. vii. 25; ἡ ἐπιθυμία τῆς σαρκός, 1 Jn. ii. 16 (with its manifestation, ἡ ἐπιθυμία τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν ; [al. regard this last as a new specification ; οἵ. Westcott ad loc.]); plur. 2 Pet. ii. 18, (ra τῆς σαρκὸς πάθη, 4 Mace. vii. 18; τὸ μὴ δεδουλῶσθαι σαρ κὶ καὶ τοῖς πάθεσι ταύτης διάγειν, ὑφ᾽ ὧν κατασπώμενος ὁ νοῦς τῆς θνητῆς ἀναπίμπλαται φλυαρίας. εὔδαιμόν τι καὶ μακάριον, Plut. consol. ad Apoll. c. 13; τῆς σαρκὸς ἡδονή, opp. to ψυχή, Plut. de virt. et vit.c.3; add, Philo de gigant. 8 7; Diog. Laért. 10, 145; animo cum hae carne grave certamen est, Sen. consol. ad Mare. 24 ; animus liber habitat; nunquam me caro ista compellet ad metum, Sen. epp. 65 [7, 3, 22]; non est summa felicitatis nostrae in carne ponenda, ibid. 74 [9, 3, 16]). the physical nature of man as subject to suffering: παθεῖν σαρκί, 1 Pet. iv. 1; ἐν τῇ σαρκί μου, in that my flesh suffers afflictions, Col. i. 24 (where cf. Meyer and De Wette [and Bp. Lghtft.]); θλίψιν ἔχειν τῇ σαρκί, 1 Co. vii. 28. 3. a living creature (because possessed of a body of flesh), whether man or beast: πᾶσα σάρξ (in imitation of the Hebr. .w3-53 [W. 33]), every living creature, 1 Pet. i. 24; with od preceding (qualifying the verb [W. § 26,1; B. 121 (106)]), no living creature, Mt. xxiv. 22; Mk. xiii. 20; spec. a man (ἄνθρωπος for 1w3, Gen. vi. 13), generally with a suggestion of weakness, frailty, mortality: Sir. xxviii. 5; ἐν τῷ θεῷ ἤλπισα, οὐ φοβηθήσομαι τί ποιήσει μοι σάρξ, Ps. lv. (1ν1.} 5; ef. Jer. xvii. 5; ἐμνήσθη. ὅτι σάρξ εἰσιν, Ps. Ixxvii. (Ixxviii.) 39; σὰρξ x. αἷμα, Eph. vi. 12; γενεὰ σαρκὸς x. αἵματος, ἣ μὲν τελευτᾷ, ἑτέρα δὲ γεννᾶται, Sir. xiv. 18; 6 λόγος σὰρξ ἐγένετο, entered into participation in human nature, Jn. i. 14 (the apostle used σάρξ, not ἄνθρωπος, apparently in order to indicate that he who possessed supreme majesty did not shrink from union with extreme weakness); εὑρίσκειν τι κατὰ σάρκα, to attain to anything after the manner of a (weak) man, i. e. by the use of merely human powers, Ro. iv. 1 (for substance equiv. to ἐξ ἔργων in vs. 2); Hebraistically (see above), πᾶσα σάρξ, all men, Lk. iii. 6; Jn. xvii. 2 [W. § 80,1 4.1; Acts ii. 17; Sir. xlv. 4; with od or μή preceding (qualifying the verb [W. and B. as referred to above]), no man, no mortal, Ro. iii. 20; 1 Co. i. 29; Gal. ii. 16. man as he appears, such as he presents himself to view, man’s external appearance and condition: κατὰ σάρκα κρίνειν, Jn. viii. 15 [ef. W. 583 : (542)] (( q. κρίνειν κατ᾽ ὄψιν, Vil. 24); γινώσκειν or εἰδέναι τινὰ κατὰ σάρκα, 2 Co. v.16; οἱ κατὰ σάρκα κύριοι (see κατά, 11. 3b.), Eph. vi. 5; Col. iii. 22. univ. human nature, the soul included: ἐν ὁμοιώματι σαρκὸς ἁμαρτίας, in a visible form, like human nature which is subject to sin, Ro. viii. 3 [ef. ὁμοίωμα, b.]; ἐν σαρκὶ ἔρχεσθαι, to appear clothed in human nature, 1 Jn. iv. 2and Rec. in 3; 2Jn. 7, (Barn. ep. 5, 10); φανεροῦσθαι, 1 Tim. iii. 16 (Barn. ep. 5, 6; 6, 7; 12,10); κεκοινωνηκέναι αἵματος k. σαρκός, Heb. ii. 14. 4. σάρξ, when either expressly or tacitly opp. to τὸ πνεῦμα (τοῦ θεοῦ), has an ethical sense and denotes mere human nature, the earthly nature of man apart from divine influence, and therefore prone to sin and opposed to God; accordingly it includes whatever in the soul is weak, low, debased, tending to ungodliness and vice (“ Thou must not understand ‘flesh’, therefore, as though that only were ‘flesh’ which is connected with unchastity, but St. Paul uses ‘flesh’ of the whole man, body and soul, reason and all his faculties included, because all that is in him longs and strives after the flesh” (Luther, Pref. to the Ep. to the Rom.); “note that ‘flesh’ signifies the entire nature of man, sense and reason, without the Holy Spirit” (Melanchthon, Loci, ed. of 1535, in Corpus Reform. xxi. p. 277). This definition is strikingly supported by these two utterances of Paul: οὐδεμίαν ἔσχηκεν ἄνεσιν ἡ σὰρξ ἡμῶν, 2 Co. vii. 5; οὐκ ἔσχηκα ἄνεσιν τῷ πνεύματί μου, 2 Co. 11.135}: Ro. viii. 8; Gal. ν. 18,19; opp- to τὸ πνεῦμα (τοῦ θεοῦ), Ro. viii. 6 sq. 12 sq.; Gal. v. 16 sq.; vi. 8; Col. ii. 13 (on which see ἀκροβυστία, ¢.) ; 23 (see πλησμονή); ἐπιθυμία σαρκός, Gal. v.16; αἱ ἐπιθυμίαι and τὰ θελήματα τῆς σαρκός, Eph. ii. 3; ὁ νοῦς τῆς σαρκός, Col. ii. 18; σῶμα τῆς σαρκός, a body given up to the control of the flesh, i. e. a body whose members our nature, estranged from God, used as its instruments (cf. Ro. vi. 19), Col. ii. 11 GL T Tr WH; τὰ τῆς σαρκός (opp. to τὰ τοῦ πνεύματος), the things which please the flesh, which the flesh craves, Ro. viii. 5; σαρκὶ ἐπιτελοῦμαι, to make for one’s self an end [see ἐπιτελέω, 1 fin.] by devoting one’s self to the flesh, i. e. by gradually losing the Holy Spirit and giving one’s self up to the control of the flesh, Gal. iii. 3; σταυροῦν τὴν σάρκα αὐτοῦ (see σταυρόω, 3b.), Gal. v. 24; ἐν σαρκὶ εἶναι (opp. to ἐν πνεύματι, 80. τοῦ θεοῦ), to be in the power of the flesh, under the control of the flesh, Ro. viii. 8 sq., ef. vii. 5 (see 2 a. above) ; οἱ κατὰ σάρκα ὄντες, who exhibit the nature of the flesh, i. α. of capxtxoi (opp. to of κατὰ πνεῦμα ὄντες), Ro. viii. 5; κατὰ σάρκα περιπατεῖν, to live ace. to the standard of the flesh, to comply in conduct with the impulse of the flesh, Ro. viii. 1 Rec.; 2 Co. x. 2; opp. to κατὰ πνεῦμα, Ro. viii. 4; βουλεύεσθαι, 2 Co. i. 17; Kavχᾶσθαι, 2 Co. xi. 18 where cf. Meyer; (opp. to κατὰ πνεῦμα) ζῆν, Ro. viii. 12 sq. (ἐν σαρκὶ τυγχάνουσιν, ἀλλ᾽ οὐ κατὰ σάρκα ζῶσιν, of Christians, Ep. ad Diogn. 5, 8); ἐν caTap σαρκὶ περιπατοῦντες οὐ κατὰ σάρκα στρατευόμεθα, although the nature in which we live is earthly and therefore weak, yet we do not carry on our warfare according to its law, 2 Co. x. 3, (οὐ κατὰ σάρκα γράφειν, ἀλλὰ κατὰ γνώμην θεοῦ, Ignat. ad Rom. 8,3); with the suggestion of weakness as respects knowledge: σὰρξ x. αἷμα, a man liable to err, fallible man: Mt. xvi.17; Gal. i. 16; ἡ ἀσθένεια τῆς σαρκός, Ro. vi. 19; σοφοὶ κατὰ σάρκα, 1 Co. i. 26. Cf. Tholuck, Ueber σάρξ als Quelle der Siinde, in the Theol. Stud. u. Krit. for 1855, p. 477 sqq. ; C. Holsten, Die Bedeut. des Wortes σάρξ im Lehrbegriffe des Paulus, 4to, Rostock 1855 [reprinted in his Zum Evang. des Paul. u. Petr. p. 365 sqq. (Rostock, 1867); see also (with esp. ref. to Holsten) Liidemann, Die Anthropologie des Apost. Paul. (Kiel, 1872)]; Ritschl, Entstehung der altkathol. Kirche, ed. 2, p. 66 sqq-; Baur in the Theol. Jahrbb. for 1857, p. 96 sqq., and in his Bibl. Theol. des N. T. p. 142 sqq., ete.; Wieseler, Br. an die Galater, pp. 443 sqq. 448 sqq.- [cf. Riddle in Schaft’s Lange’s Com. on Rom. p. 235 sq-]; Weiss, Bibl. Theol. des N. T. (ed. 3) ὃ 68 p. 243 sqq., § 100 p. 414 sq.; Rich. Schmidt, Paulin. Christologie, p. 8 sqq-; Eklund, σάρξ vocabulum quid ap. Paulum apost. significet (Lund, 1872); P/leiderer, Paulinismus, p. 47 sqq- [Eng. trans. vol. i. p. 47 sqq.]; Wendt, Die Begriffe Fleisch u. Geist im bibl. Sprachgebr. (Gotha, 1878) ; [Cremer in Herzog ed. 2 8. v. Fleisch, but esp. in his Bibl.-theol. Worterbuch, 3te (or 4te) Aufl. s. v.; Laidlaw, The Bible Doctr. of Man (Edinb. 1879), pp. 74 sqq. 373 sq.; Philippi, Glaubensl. ed. 2, vol. iii. pp. 231-250; esp. Dickson, St. Paul’s use of the terms Flesh and Spirit (Glasgow, 1883)]; and the reff. in Meyer on Ro. iv. 1 (6te Aufl.).

σάρξ sarx 147x

flesh, Lk. 24:39; Jn. 3:6; the human body, 2 Cor. 7:5; flesh, human nature, human frame, Jn. 1:13, 14; 1 Pet. 4:1; 1 Jn. 4:2; kindred, Rom. 11:14; lineage, Rom. 1:3; 9:3; flesh, humanity, human beings, Mt. 24:22; Lk. 3:6; Jn. 17:2; the circumstances of the body, material condition, 1 Cor. 5:5; 7:28; Phlm. 16; flesh, mere humanity, human fashion, 1 Cor. 1:26; 2 Cor. 1:17; flesh as the seat of passion and frailty, Rom. 8:1, 3, 5; carnality, Gal. 5:24; materiality, material circumstance, as opposed to the spiritual, Phil. 3:3, 4; Col. 2:18; a material system or mode, Gal. 3:3; Heb. 9:10

σάρξ, σαρκός, ἡ

[in LXX chiefly for בָּשָׂר ;]

flesh; as in cl. generally, prop., of the soft substance of the animal body: I Co 15:39, II Co 12:7, Ga 6:13, al.; σ. καὶ αἷμα, I Co 5:50; σ. καὶ ὀστέα, Lk 24:39; pl., of the flesh of many or parts of the flesh of one (cl.), Re 17:16 19:18; φαγεῖν, Re, ll. c. (cf. κατεσθίειν, IV Ki 9:36, al., and βιβρώσκειν, freq. in l.); metaph., Ja 5:3; mystically, φ. (τρώγειν) τὴν σ. τοῦ υἱοῦ τ. ἀνθρώπου, Jo 6:52-56;

Of the whole substance of the body, = σῶμα: Ac 2:26 (LXX), 31, II Co 12:7, Ga 4:14, Eph 5:29; μία σ., Mk 10:8; εἰς σ. μίαν (Ge 2:24), Mt 19:5, Mk 10:8, I Co 6:16, Eph 5:31; hence, of the material as opp. to the immaterial part of man (cf. Lft., Notes, 88): opp. to πνεῦμα, I Co 5:5, II Co 7:1, Col 2:5, I Pe 3:18, 4:6; to ψύχη, Ac 2:31, Rec.; of the present life, ἐν (τῇ) σ., Ro 7:5, Ga 2:20, Phl 1:22, 24 I Pe 4:2; of Christ's life on earth, αἱ ἡμέραι τ. σαρκὸς αὐτοῦ, He 5:7; of things pertaining to the body, ἐν (τῇ) σ., Ga 6:12, 13, Phl 3:3, 4.

As in Heb. idiom, of a living creature: πᾶσα σ. (Heb. כָּל־בָּשָׂר; cf. Bl., § 47, 9), Mt 24:22, Mk 13:20, I Pe 1:24; esp. of man and his mortality (Ps 55 (56):5, Si 28:5, al.), Jo 1:14; πᾶσα σ. (v. supr.), Lk 3:6, Jo 17:2, Ac 2:17, ἐν σ., I Jo 4:2, I Ti 3:16;

of natural origin and relationship (Ge 2:24, Is 58:7, al.): τέκνα τῆς σ., Ro 9:8; κατὰ σάρκα, ib. 3, 5, I Co 10:18, Ga 4:23, 29; ἡ σ. μου, Ro 11:14 (cf. Jg 9:2, II Ki 5:1, al.).

Of the physical nature as subject to sensation and desire (Plut.), without any ethical disparagement: Ro 7:18 13:14; opp. to πνεῦμα, Mt 26:41, Mk 14:38; τ. θέλημα τῆς σ., Jo 1:13; ἡ ἐπιθυμία τῆς σ., I Jo 2:16; pl., II Pe 2:18; παθεῖν σαρκί, I Pe 4:1;

in ethical sense, esp. in Pauline Epp., of the flesh as the seat and vehicle of sinful desires: opp. to νοῦς, Ro 7:25; to πνεῦμα, Ro 8:4-9, 12, 13, Ga 5:16, 17, 19 6:8 (cf. DB, ii, 14f.; iv, 165f.; Cremer, 844 ff.).

σάρξ. It lies outside our purpose to discuss the theological implications underlying the use of this important word in the NT. They are due partly to tie influence of the LXX, and partly to the language-forming power of Christianity by which old terms were ‘‘ baptized” into new conditions: see the full discussion of the term in Greek and Hebrew writings until A.p. 180 in Burton, ‘‘ Spirit, Soul, and Flesh” (Chicago, 1918), and the same writer’s ‘‘ Commentary on Galatians ’’ (in ZCC) p. 492 ff., also Lightfoot Notes, p. 88. All that can be attempted here is to cite a few exx. of the word from the inscrr. It does not seem to occur in the papyri. Thus for σάρξ Ξε κρέας see OG/S γ815 (B.c. 221-205) SiSwv . .. σάρκα πεντάμναιον ἀπίὸ τῶ Blods τῶ θυομένω τῶ Δὶ τῶ Σώϊτηρ]ι, and, for the plur., Sy// 645 (= *1047)" (c. B.C. 100) παρατιθέτω]σαν δὲ καὶ é[r]l τὴν τράπεζαν τοῦ μὲν βοὸς .. . . - καὶ] γλῶσσαν καὶ σάρκας τρεῖς (tres carnium portiones): cf. also Pretstgke 43145 (iii/B.C.) σάρκας ἔδευσε πυρί, and Sy// 805 (= 51171)" (Rom.) ὥστε σάρκας ἐνπύουϊς καὶ] ἡμαγμένας δι᾿ ὅλης ἡμέρας ἀποβάλλειν, in an account of healing worked by Aesculapius. The common contrast between πνεῦμα and σάρξ is seen in the ii/i B.c. Jewish invocation for vengeance from Rheneia (Rhenea), which begins— *Emkadotpar kal ἀξιῶ τὸν θεὸν τὸν ὕψιστον, τὸν κύριον τῶν πνευμάτων καὶ πάσης σαρκός. See further Deissmann ZAZ?, p. 413ff., and for a similar formula in Christian inserr. cf. Preésighke 2034% ὃ Q(€d)s δίλγων m(vev]patav καὶ πάσης σαρκός, and similarly 3901%, 4949%. For the Hellenistic use of σάρξ instead of σῶμα in Epicurus, see Sevzentiae iv. and xx., with Bailey’s notes, Pp- 350, 360. oupow, a late form of σαίρω, ‘“‘sweep.” For the pass., as in Mt 1244, cf. P Giss I. 1128 (A.D. 118) (= Chrest. I. p. 524)

σάρξ (sarx) — flesh. σάρξ, genitive σαρκός, ἡ, Aeolic dialect σύρξ [Refs]:— flesh, [Refs 8th c.BC+] always in plural, except [Refs 8th c.BC+]; sometimes to represent the whole body, μήτε γῆ δέξαιτό μου σάρκας θανόντος [Refs 5th c.BC+]: also collectively, of the body, γέροντα τὸν νοῦν, σάρκα δ᾽ ἡβῶσαν φέρει [Refs 4th c.BC+]; σαρκὸς περιβόλαια, ἐνδυτά, [Refs 5th c.BC+] uses singular and plural in much the same manner, ταῖς σαρξὶ σάρκες προσγένωνται [Refs], etc.: portions of meat, usually in plural, σάρκας τρεῖς [Refs 3rd c.BC+]; but, pieces of flesh or membrane, βήσσοντα.. ὥστε σάρκας ἐνπύους.. ἀποβάλλειν [Refs] __b εἰς σάρκα πημαίνειν to the quick, [Refs 1st c.BC+]

2. ἡ σ. τοῦ σκύτεος the inner or flesh-side of leather, [Refs 5th c.BC+]

3. fleshy, pulpy substance of fruit, [Refs 4th c.BC+]

II. the flesh, as the seat of the affections and lusts, fleshly nature, ἐν τῇ σ. ἡ ἡδονή [Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἀδούλωτον (probable reading) τῇ σαρκὶ καὶ τοῖς ταύτης πάθεσι [Refs 1st c.AD+], compare 101b; frequently in NT, [NT]

II.2. in “NT” also, the body, τῆς σαρκὸς πρόνοια [NT], = every-body, [LXX+NT]; οὐ.. πᾶσα σάρξ nobody, [NT]

II.3. the physical or natural order of things, opposed to the spiritual or supernatural, σοφοὶ κατὰ σάρκα [NT]; τὸν κύριον τῶν πνευμάτων καὶ πάσης σ. [Refs 5th c.BC+] twr[kcirc]- 'portion', cf. Avest. θwar[schwa]s- 'cut'.)