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1 Samuel 22:4

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1 Samuel 22:4 in Multiple Translations

Berean Standard Bible BSB

So he left them in the care of the king of Moab, and they stayed with him the whole time David was in the stronghold.

King James Version KJV

And he brought them before the king of Moab: and they dwelt with him all the while that David was in the hold.

American Standard Version ASV

And he brought them before the king of Moab: and they dwelt with him all the while that David was in the stronghold.

Bible in Basic English BBE

And he took them to the king of Moab and they went on living with him while David was in his safe place.

Free Bible Version FBV

So he left them with the king of Moab, and they stayed with the king all the time David lived in the stronghold.

Geneva Bible 1599 GNV

And he brought them before the King of Moab, and they dwelt with him all the while that Dauid was in the holde.

Young's Literal Translation YLT

and he leadeth them before the king of Moab, and they dwell with him all the days of David's being in the fortress.

World English Bible WEB

He brought them before the king of Moab; and they lived with him all the time that David was in the stronghold.

Noah Webster Bible WBS

And he brought them before the king of Moab: and they dwelt with him all the while that David was in the hold.

Douay-Rheims 1899 DRV

And he left them under the eyes of the king of Moab, and they abode with him all the days that David was in the hold.

Translation for Translators T4T

The king gave him permission, so David’s parents stayed with the king of Moab all the time that David and the men who were with him were hiding in that area.

Study Highlights

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Berean Amplified Bible — 1 Samuel 22:4

BAB
Word Study

Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.

Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.

1 Samuel 22:4 Interlinear (Deep Study)

BIB
HEB וַ/יַּנְחֵ֕/ם אֶת פְּנֵ֖י מֶ֣לֶךְ מוֹאָ֑ב וַ/יֵּשְׁב֣וּ עִמּ֔/וֹ כָּל יְמֵ֥י הֱיוֹת דָּוִ֖ד בַּ/מְּצוּדָֽה
וַ/יַּנְחֵ֕/ם nâchâh H5148 to lead Conj | V-Hiphil-ConsecImperf-3ms | Suff
אֶת ʼêth H854 with Prep
פְּנֵ֖י pânîym H6440 face N-cp
מֶ֣לֶךְ melek H4428 King's N-ms
מוֹאָ֑ב Môwʼâb H4124 Moab N-proper
וַ/יֵּשְׁב֣וּ yâshab H3427 to dwell Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp
עִמּ֔/וֹ ʻim H5973 with Prep | Suff
כָּל kôl H3605 all N-ms
יְמֵ֥י yôwm H3117 day N-mp
הֱיוֹת hâyâh H1961 to be V-Qal-Inf-a
דָּוִ֖ד Dâvid H1732 David N-proper
בַּ/מְּצוּדָֽה mâtsûwd H4686 net Prep | N-cs
Hebrew Word Study

Select any word above to explore its original meaning, root, and usage across Scripture.

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Hebrew Word Reference — 1 Samuel 22:4

וַ/יַּנְחֵ֕/ם nâchâh H5148 "to lead" Conj | V-Hiphil-ConsecImperf-3ms | Suff
To lead or guide is the meaning of this Hebrew word, which can also imply transporting people into exile or as colonists. It appears in various forms throughout the Bible, including in Exodus and 1 Kings, to describe leadership and migration.
Definition: 1) to lead, guide 1a) (Qal) to lead, bring 1b) (Hiphil) to lead, guide
Usage: Occurs in 39 OT verses. KJV: bestow, bring, govern, guide, lead (forth), put, straiten. See also: Genesis 24:27; Psalms 31:4; Psalms 5:9.
אֶת ʼêth H854 "with" Prep
This Hebrew preposition means 'with' or 'near', indicating a close relationship or physical proximity. It's used in Genesis 1:26 to describe God's relationship with humanity, and in many other places to show connection or closeness.
Definition: 1) with, near, together with 1a) with, together with 1b) with (of relationship) 1c) near (of place) 1d) with (poss.) 1e) from...with, from (with other prep)
Usage: Occurs in 787 OT verses. KJV: against, among, before, by, for, from, in(-to), (out) of, with. Often with another prepositional prefix. See also: Genesis 4:1; Genesis 42:32; Numbers 1:5.
פְּנֵ֖י pânîym H6440 "face" N-cp
This word means face or presence, like being in front of someone or something. It's used in many contexts, like in Genesis, Exodus, and Psalms, to describe interactions and relationships.
Definition: : face 1) face 1a) face, faces 1b) presence, person 1c) face (of seraphim or cherubim) 1d) face (of animals) 1e) face, surface (of ground) 1f) as adv of loc/temp 1f1) before and behind, toward, in front of, forward, formerly, from beforetime, before 1g) with prep 1g1) in front of, before, to the front of, in the presence of, in the face of, at the face or front of, from the presence of, from before, from before the face of
Usage: Occurs in 1891 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] accept, a-(be-) fore(-time), against, anger, [idiom] as (long as), at, [phrase] battle, [phrase] because (of), [phrase] beseech, countenance, edge, [phrase] employ, endure, [phrase] enquire, face, favour, fear of, for, forefront(-part), form(-er time, -ward), from, front, heaviness, [idiom] him(-self), [phrase] honourable, [phrase] impudent, [phrase] in, it, look(-eth) (-s), [idiom] me, [phrase] meet, [idiom] more than, mouth, of, off, (of) old (time), [idiom] on, open, [phrase] out of, over against, the partial, person, [phrase] please, presence, propect, was purposed, by reason of, [phrase] regard, right forth, [phrase] serve, [idiom] shewbread, sight, state, straight, [phrase] street, [idiom] thee, [idiom] them(-selves), through ([phrase] -out), till, time(-s) past, (un-) to(-ward), [phrase] upon, upside ([phrase] down), with(-in, [phrase] -stand), [idiom] ye, [idiom] you. See also: Genesis 1:2; Genesis 43:31; Exodus 30:16.
מֶ֣לֶךְ melek H4428 "King's" N-ms
This word refers to a king or royal person, like King David or King Saul. It can also describe something related to a king, like the King's Valley in Genesis. The Bible often uses this word to talk about the rulers of Israel.
Definition: King's (Valley) (Gen.14.17)
Usage: Occurs in 1919 OT verses. KJV: king, royal. See also: Genesis 14:1; Joshua 10:39; 1 Samuel 16:1.
מוֹאָ֑ב Môwʼâb H4124 "Moab" N-proper
Moab refers to the land and descendants of the son of Lot, who was born out of an incestuous relationship. The land of Moab is mentioned in the book of Numbers and the book of Ruth.
Definition: Combined with a.ra.vah (עֲרָבָה " Plains" H6160I) § Moab = "of his father" the land inhabited by the descendants of the son of Lot
Usage: Occurs in 158 OT verses. KJV: Moab. See also: Genesis 19:37; 2 Kings 3:21; Psalms 60:10.
וַ/יֵּשְׁב֣וּ yâshab H3427 "to dwell" Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp
This verb means to sit or dwell, and can also mean to remain or abide. It's used in the Bible to describe people living in a place or staying with someone, like in the book of Genesis.
Definition: 1) to dwell, remain, sit, abide 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to sit, sit down 1a2) to be set 1a3) to remain, stay 1a4) to dwell, have one's abode 1b) (Niphal) to be inhabited 1c) (Piel) to set, place 1d) (Hiphil) 1d1) to cause to sit 1d2) to cause to abide, set 1d3) to cause to dwell 1d4) to cause (cities) to be inhabited 1d5) to marry (give an dwelling to) 1e) (Hophal) 1e1) to be inhabited 1e2) to make to dwell Aramaic equivalent: ye.tiv (יְתִב "to dwell" H3488)
Usage: Occurs in 977 OT verses. KJV: (make to) abide(-ing), continue, (cause to, make to) dwell(-ing), ease self, endure, establish, [idiom] fail, habitation, haunt, (make to) inhabit(-ant), make to keep (house), lurking, [idiom] marry(-ing), (bring again to) place, remain, return, seat, set(-tle), (down-) sit(-down, still, -ting down, -ting (place) -uate), take, tarry. See also: Genesis 4:16; Leviticus 25:18; Joshua 13:6.
עִמּ֔/וֹ ʻim H5973 "with" Prep | Suff
This Hebrew word means with or together, like when God is with his people in Exodus 33:14-15. It's used to describe accompaniment or association, and can also mean against or beside. The word is used to convey a sense of relationship or proximity between people or things.
Definition: 1) with 1a) with 1b) against 1c) toward 1d) as long as
Usage: Occurs in 919 OT verses. KJV: accompanying, against, and, as ([idiom] long as), before, beside, by (reason of), for all, from (among, between), in, like, more than, of, (un-) to, with(-al). See also: Genesis 3:6; Exodus 21:14; Deuteronomy 29:11.
כָּל kôl H3605 "all" N-ms
The Hebrew word for 'all' or 'everything' is used throughout the Bible, like in Genesis 1:31, where God sees all He has made as very good. It encompasses the entirety of something, whether people, things, or situations.
Definition: 1) all, the whole 1a) all, the whole of 1b) any, each, every, anything 1c) totality, everything Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)
Usage: Occurs in 4242 OT verses. KJV: (in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any (manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as many as, (no-) thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole, whoso(-ever). See also: Genesis 1:21; Genesis 17:10; Genesis 41:40.
יְמֵ֥י yôwm H3117 "day" N-mp
The Hebrew word 'yom' refers to a day, which can be a literal 24-hour period or a figurative space of time. It is used in the Bible to describe a wide range of time periods, from a single day to a year or a lifetime. The word 'yom' is used in many different contexts throughout the Bible.
Definition: : day/when/time/period 1) day, time, year 1a) day (as opposed to night) 1b) day (24 hour period) 1b1) as defined by evening and morning in Genesis 1 1b2) as a division of time 1b2a) a working day, a day's journey 1c) days, lifetime (pl.) 1d) time, period (general) 1e) year 1f) temporal references 1f1) today 1f2) yesterday 1f3) tomorrow
Usage: Occurs in 1930 OT verses. KJV: age, [phrase] always, [phrase] chronicals, continually(-ance), daily, ((birth-), each, to) day, (now a, two) days (agone), [phrase] elder, [idiom] end, [phrase] evening, [phrase] (for) ever(-lasting, -more), [idiom] full, life, as (so) long as (... live), (even) now, [phrase] old, [phrase] outlived, [phrase] perpetually, presently, [phrase] remaineth, [idiom] required, season, [idiom] since, space, then, (process of) time, [phrase] as at other times, [phrase] in trouble, weather, (as) when, (a, the, within a) while (that), [idiom] whole ([phrase] age), (full) year(-ly), [phrase] younger. See also: Genesis 1:5; Genesis 33:13; Exodus 23:15.
הֱיוֹת hâyâh H1961 "to be" V-Qal-Inf-a
The Hebrew word for to be means to exist or come into being. It is used to describe something that happens or comes to pass, like in Genesis where God creates the world.
Definition: 1) to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out 1a) (Qal) 1a1) --- 1a1a) to happen, fall out, occur, take place, come about, come to pass 1a1b) to come about, come to pass 1a2) to come into being, become 1a2a) to arise, appear, come 1a2b) to become 1a2b1) to become 1a2b2) to become like 1a2b3) to be instituted, be established 1a3) to be 1a3a) to exist, be in existence 1a3b) to abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time) 1a3c) to stand, lie, be in, be at, be situated (with word of locality) 1a3d) to accompany, be with 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to occur, come to pass, be done, be brought about 1b2) to be done, be finished, be gone
Usage: Occurs in 3131 OT verses. KJV: beacon, [idiom] altogether, be(-come), accomplished, committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint, fall, [phrase] follow, happen, [idiom] have, last, pertain, quit (one-) self, require, [idiom] use. See also: Genesis 1:2; Genesis 17:4; Genesis 36:11.
דָּוִ֖ד Dâvid H1732 "David" N-proper
David was the youngest son of Jesse and a king of Judah, first mentioned in Ruth 4:17, and an ancestor of Jesus.
Definition: A king of the tribe of Judah living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at Rut.4.17; son of: Jesse (H3448) and Nahash (H5176I); brother of: Eliab (H0446I), Abinadab (H0041I), Shimeah (H8093), Zeruiah (H6870), Abigail (H0026H)(?), Nethanel (H5417H), Raddai (H7288), Ozem (H0684) and Elihu (H0453J); married to Michal (H4324), Abigail (H0026), Ahinoam (H0293H), Maacah (H4601I), Haggith (H2294), Abital (H0037), Eglah (H5698) and Bathsheba (H1339); father of: Amnon (H0550), Chileab (H3609), Absalom (H0053), Adonijah (H0138), Shephatiah (H8203), Ithream (H3507), Shammua (H8051H), Shobab (H7727), Nathan (H5416), Solomon (H8010), Ibhar (H2984), Elishua (H0474), Nepheg (H5298H), Japhia (H3309I), Elishama (H0476H), Eliada (H0450), Eliphelet (H0467), Tamar (H8559H), Elpelet (H0467I), Nogah (H5052) and Jerimoth (H3406N) Also named: Daueid, Dauid, Dabid (Δαυείδ, Δαυίδ, Δαβίδ "David" G1138) § David = "beloved" youngest son of Jesse and second king of Israel
Usage: Occurs in 912 OT verses. KJV: David. See also: Ruth 4:17; 1 Samuel 20:41; 1 Samuel 27:9.
בַּ/מְּצוּדָֽה mâtsûwd H4686 "net" Prep | N-cs
Matsud is a fortress or strong hold, like a castle or net, used for protection and capture, as mentioned in Psalm 31:4. It is a place of safety and security.
Definition: 1) net, prey, net prey 1a) net 1b) prey
Usage: Occurs in 23 OT verses. KJV: castle, defense, fort(-ress), (strong) hold, be hunted, net, snare, strong place. See also: 1 Samuel 22:4; Job 39:28; Psalms 18:3.

Study Notes — 1 Samuel 22:4

Show Verse Quote Highlights

Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1 Psalms 11:1 In the LORD I take refuge. How then can you say to me: “Flee like a bird to your mountain!
2 1 Chronicles 12:16 Other Benjamites and some men from Judah also came to David in his stronghold.
3 1 Chronicles 29:29 Now the acts of King David, from first to last, are indeed written in the Chronicles of Samuel the Seer, the Chronicles of Nathan the Prophet, and the Chronicles of Gad the Seer,
4 Matthew 10:23 When they persecute you in one town, flee to the next. Truly I tell you, you will not reach all the towns of Israel before the Son of Man comes.
5 2 Samuel 23:13–14 At harvest time, three of the thirty chief men went down to David at the cave of Adullam, while a company of Philistines was encamped in the Valley of Rephaim. At that time David was in the stronghold, and the garrison of the Philistines was at Bethlehem.
6 1 Samuel 23:1–6 Now it was reported to David, “Look, the Philistines are fighting against Keilah and looting the threshing floors.” So David inquired of the LORD, “Should I go and attack these Philistines?” And the LORD said to David, “Go and attack the Philistines and save Keilah.” But David’s men said to him, “Look, we are afraid here in Judah; how much more if we go to Keilah against the armies of the Philistines?” Once again, David inquired of the LORD, and the LORD answered him: “Go at once to Keilah, for I will deliver the Philistines into your hand.” Then David and his men went to Keilah, fought against the Philistines, and carried off their livestock, striking them with a mighty blow. So David saved the people of Keilah. (Now Abiathar son of Ahimelech had brought the ephod with him when he fled to David at Keilah.)
7 Isaiah 8:12–14 “Do not call conspiracy everything these people regard as conspiracy. Do not fear what they fear; do not live in dread. The LORD of Hosts is the One you shall regard as holy. Only He should be feared; only He should be dreaded. And He will be a sanctuary— but to both houses of Israel a stone of stumbling and a rock of offense, to the dwellers of Jerusalem a trap and a snare.
8 2 Chronicles 29:25 Hezekiah stationed the Levites in the house of the LORD with cymbals, harps, and lyres according to the command of David, of Gad the king’s seer, and of Nathan the prophet. For the command had come from the LORD through His prophets.
9 1 Chronicles 21:9 And the LORD instructed Gad, David’s seer,
10 Nehemiah 6:11 But I replied, “Should a man like me run away? Should one like me go into the temple to save his own life? I will not go!”

1 Samuel 22:4 Summary

[This verse shows that David cared about his parents and wanted to keep them safe from harm. He asked the king of Moab to take care of them while he was away, which shows that David trusted God to provide for his family, just like it says in Matthew 6:33 and Luke 12:22-31. David's actions demonstrate his faith in God's protection and provision. By trusting God, David was able to focus on his own journey and the plans God had for him.]

Frequently Asked Questions

Why did David ask the king of Moab to care for his parents?

David asked the king of Moab to care for his parents because he wanted to protect them from King Saul, who was seeking to harm him, as seen in 1 Samuel 18:8 and 1 Samuel 20:33. This shows David's concern for his family's well-being.

What does this verse reveal about David's relationship with his parents?

This verse suggests that David had a close relationship with his parents and was concerned about their safety, which is also seen in 1 Samuel 17:12 where Jesse sends David to care for his brothers. David's actions demonstrate his love and respect for his family.

How long did David's parents stay with the king of Moab?

According to 1 Samuel 22:4, David's parents stayed with the king of Moab for the whole time David was in the stronghold. The duration of their stay is not specified, but it was likely until David received further guidance from God, as seen in 1 Samuel 22:5.

What can we learn from David's decision to leave his parents in the care of the king of Moab?

David's decision shows that he trusted God to take care of his family, even when he could not be with them, which is a principle also seen in Psalms 37:3-7 and Proverbs 3:5-6. This teaches us to have faith in God's provision and protection for our loved ones.

Reflection Questions

  1. What are some ways I can demonstrate my love and concern for my family, just like David did for his parents?
  2. How can I trust God to take care of my loved ones when I am not able to be with them?
  3. What are some strongholds in my life that I need to trust God to help me overcome, just like David did in 1 Samuel 22:4-5?
  4. In what ways can I show hospitality and care for others, just like the king of Moab did for David's parents?

Gill's Exposition on 1 Samuel 22:4

And he brought them before the king of Moab,.... Having leave from him for it, and left them with him; so the Targum, "caused them to remain before him:'' and they dwelt with him all the whole time

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 1 Samuel 22:4

And he brought them before the king of Moab: and they dwelt with him all the while that David was in the hold. No JFB commentary on this verse.

Matthew Poole's Commentary on 1 Samuel 22:4

Before the king of Moab; into his presence, that he might see them, and give them leave to dwell in his dominion. In the hold; either, 1. In Mizpeh of Moab, which was a very strong hold. But it is apparent he speaks of some hold where his father and mother were exposed to fear and danger from Saul, which they were not in the king of Moab’ s royal city. Or, 2. In the cave of Adullam, mentioned above, . Or, 3. In holes; the singular number being put for the plural, as is frequent; i.e. as long as David was forced to go from place to place, and from hold to hold, to secure himself; for it concerned David to secure his father, and he did doubtless secure him for all that time; and not only whilst he was in the hold of Mizpeh, or of Adullam, which was but a little while.

Trapp's Commentary on 1 Samuel 22:4

1 Samuel 22:4 And he brought them before the king of Moab: and they dwelt with him all the while that David was in the hold.Ver. 4. And he brought them before the king of Moab.] To whom Jesse, a grave godly man, might haply be as useful and as dear as Solon was to Croesus, or Croesus afterwards to King Cyrus; by whose good counsel he was more enriched and benefited than by all his wealth. That David was in the hold.] In the cave of Adullam, or, as others think, in Mizpeh of Moab. See 1 Samuel 22:3.

Ellicott's Commentary on 1 Samuel 22:4

(4) While that David was in the hold.—This “hold” is, of course, identical with the “hold” of 1 Samuel 22:5, from which Gad the prophet directs David to depart, and to return into the land of Judah. It was, most likely, in the Land of Moab.

Cambridge Bible on 1 Samuel 22:4

4. in the hold] “Hold” = stronghold or fortress: here apparently the Mizpeh of 1 Samuel 22:3. What became of David’s parents when he quitted the hold does not appear. A Jewish tradition affirms that the king of Moab betrayed his trust and murdered them, for which David exacted a heavy vengeance when he came to the throne (2 Samuel 8:2).

Barnes' Notes on 1 Samuel 22:4

He brought them before ... - The Septuagint renders it “he persuaded (the face of) the king.” In the hold - Where David was after he left the cave of Adullam, probably in the land of Moab.

Whedon's Commentary on 1 Samuel 22:4

4. The hold — îöåãä, a stronghold, a fortress, or citadel. The reference is to some fortified place at Mizpeh, where David and his company abode during their stay in the land of Moab. See note on next verse.

Sermons on 1 Samuel 22:4

SermonDescription
Miki Hardy (New Covenant) 3. the Foundation of the New Covenant by Miki Hardy In this sermon, the preacher emphasizes that Christianity is not just about being poor or rich, but about walking in victory, holiness, righteousness, and love. He highlights the i
Anna Ng Having Hope Amidst Great Uncertainty and Fear in Society by Anna Ng In this sermon, the preacher emphasizes the urgency of sharing the hope of Christ with the world. He reminds the audience that God has entrusted them with the ministry of reconcili
Glenn Meldrum What Can the Righteous Do by Glenn Meldrum In this sermon, the preacher addresses the mindset of individuals who believe that society is beyond repair and that there is no point in trying to change it. He challenges the ide
Shane Idleman When the Storm Doesn't Stop by Shane Idleman Shane Idleman emphasizes the importance of turning to God during life's storms, using David's cries in Psalms 11-13 as a model for expressing our struggles and frustrations. He enc
David Wilkerson Teetering on Hopelessness by David Wilkerson David Wilkerson emphasizes the profound nature of trust in God, illustrating it as an active leap of faith rather than mere resignation to circumstances. He contrasts true trust, w
Henry Law Psalm 11 by Henry Law Henry Law preaches about the importance of putting our trust in the Lord during times of trouble, emphasizing that God is our safe shelter and refuge in the midst of storms. He enc
David Wilkerson The Coming Persecution by David Wilkerson In this sermon, the preacher shares a vision he had about five calamities that will come to America and the world. The first calamity is a worldwide recession caused by economic co
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