Exodus 15:15
Exodus 15:15 in Multiple Translations
Then the chiefs of Edom will be dismayed; trembling will seize the leaders of Moab; those who dwell in Canaan will melt away,
Then the dukes of Edom shall be amazed; the mighty men of Moab, trembling shall take hold upon them; all the inhabitants of Canaan shall melt away.
Then were the chiefs of Edom dismayed; The mighty men of Moab, trembling taketh hold upon them: All the inhabitants of Canaan are melted away.
The chiefs of Edom were troubled in heart; the strong men of Moab were in the grip of fear: all the people of Canaan became like water.
The Edomite chiefs will be terrified. The Moabite leaders will tremble. The people living in Canaan will melt away in panic.
Then the dukes of Edom shalbe amased, and trembling shall come vpon the great men of Moab: all the inhabitantes of Canaan shall waxe faint hearted.
Then have chiefs of Edom been troubled: Mighty ones of Moab — Trembling doth seize them! Melted have all inhabitants of Canaan!
Then the chiefs of Edom were dismayed. Trembling takes hold of the mighty men of Moab. All the inhabitants of Canaan have melted away.
Then the dukes of Edom shall be amazed; the mighty men of Moab, trembling shall take hold upon them; all the inhabitants of Canaan shall melt away.
Then were the princes of Edom troubled, trembling seized on the stout men of Moab: all the inhabitants of Chanaan became stiff.
The chiefs in Edom will be dismayed. The leaders in Moab will be so afraid, they will shake. All those who live in Canaan will faint.
Berean Amplified Bible — Exodus 15:15
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
Exodus 15:15 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
אָ֤ז
נִבְהֲלוּ֙
אַלּוּפֵ֣י
אֱד֔וֹם
אֵילֵ֣י
מוֹאָ֔ב
יֹֽאחֲזֵ֖/מוֹ
רָ֑עַד
נָמֹ֕גוּ
כֹּ֖ל
יֹשְׁבֵ֥י
כְנָֽעַן
אָ֤ז
ʼâz
H227
then
Adv
נִבְהֲלוּ֙
bâhal
H926
to dismay
V-Niphal-Perf-3cp
אַלּוּפֵ֣י
ʼallûwph
H441
tame
N-mp
אֱד֔וֹם
ʼĔdôm
H123
Edom
N-proper
אֵילֵ֣י
ʼayil
H352
ram
N-mp
מוֹאָ֔ב
Môwʼâb
H4124
Moab
N-proper
יֹֽאחֲזֵ֖/מוֹ
ʼâchaz
H270
to grasp
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms | Suff
רָ֑עַד
raʻad
H7461
trembling
N-ms
נָמֹ֕גוּ
mûwg
H4127
to melt
V-Niphal-Perf-3cp
כֹּ֖ל
kôl
H3605
all
N-ms
יֹשְׁבֵ֥י
yâshab
H3427
to dwell
V-Qal
כְנָֽעַן
Kᵉnaʻan
H3667
Canaan
N-proper
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — Exodus 15:15
אָ֤ז
ʼâz
H227
"then"
Adv
This Hebrew word refers to a past time or place, often used to describe something that happened earlier. It can also be used as a conjunction to show a cause-and-effect relationship. In the Bible, it appears in books like Genesis and Isaiah.
Definition: 1) then, at that time 1a) temporal expressions 1a1) then (past) 1a2) then, if...then (future) 1a3) earlier 1b) logical expressions 1b1) in that case 1b2) that (being so)
Usage: Occurs in 133 OT verses. KJV: beginning, for, from, hitherto, now, of old, once, since, then, at which time, yet. See also: Genesis 4:26; 1 Chronicles 22:13; Psalms 2:5.
נִבְהֲלוּ֙
bâhal
H926
"to dismay"
V-Niphal-Perf-3cp
This verb means to be alarmed or agitated, often suddenly. It's used in the Bible to describe people's reactions to frightening events, like battles or natural disasters. It can also mean to hurry or act hastily.
Definition: 1) to disturb, alarm, terrify, hurry, be disturbed, be anxious, be afraid, be hurried, be nervous 1a) (Niphal) 1a1) to be disturbed, dismayed, terrified, anxious 1a2) to be in haste, be hasty 1b) (Piel) 1b1) to make haste, act hastily, be hurried, be hastened 1b2) to dismay, terrify 1c) (Pual) 1c1) to hasten 1c2) hastened, hastily gained (part.) 1d) (Hiphil) 1d1) to hasten, hurry, make haste 1d2) to dismay, terrify
Usage: Occurs in 39 OT verses. KJV: be (make) affrighted (afraid, amazed, dismayed, rash), (be, get, make) haste(-n, -y, -ily), (give) speedy(-ily), thrust out, trouble, vex. See also: Genesis 45:3; Psalms 6:4; Psalms 2:5.
אַלּוּפֵ֣י
ʼallûwph
H441
"tame"
N-mp
A chief or leader is referred to as 'alluwph' in Hebrew. The word can also mean friend or governor. It describes someone in a position of authority or guidance.
Definition: 1) tame, docile 2) friend, intimate
Usage: Occurs in 29 OT verses. KJV: captain, duke, (chief) friend, governor, guide, ox. See also: Genesis 36:15; 1 Chronicles 1:52; Psalms 55:14.
אֱד֔וֹם
ʼĔdôm
H123
"Edom"
N-proper
Edom was the twin brother of Jacob and the region where he lived. He was the son of Isaac and Rebekah, and his story is told in Genesis 25. Edom is also another name for Esau.
Definition: A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.25.25; son of: Isaac (H3327) and Rebekah (H7259); brother of: Israel (H3478); married to Oholibamah (H0173), Judith (H3067), Adah (H5711H) and Mahalath (H4258); father of: Eliphaz (H0464), Reuel (H7467), Jeush (H3266), Jalam (H3281) and Korah (H7141); also called Edom at Gen.25.30; 36.1,8,19,21; 1x,54; Another name of e.sav (עֵשָׂו "Esau" H6215G) § Edom = "red" 1) Edom 2) Edomite, Idumean-descendants of Esau 3) land of Edom, Idumea-land south and south east of Palestine
Usage: Occurs in 93 OT verses. KJV: Edom, Edomites, Idumea. See also: Genesis 25:30; 1 Chronicles 1:54; Psalms 60:2.
אֵילֵ֣י
ʼayil
H352
"ram"
N-mp
A strong tree, like an oak or a ram, symbolizes strength and power, as seen in 1 Kings 7:2 where Solomon builds a house with strong pillars. It can also refer to a chief or leader, like in 1 Chronicles 12:14 where the leaders of the tribes are listed.
Definition: 1) ram 1a) ram (as food) 1b) ram (as sacrifice) 1c) ram (skin dyed red, for tabernacle)
Usage: Occurs in 171 OT verses. KJV: mighty (man), lintel, oak, post, ram, tree. See also: Genesis 15:9; Numbers 28:20; Psalms 66:15.
מוֹאָ֔ב
Môwʼâb
H4124
"Moab"
N-proper
Moab refers to the land and descendants of the son of Lot, who was born out of an incestuous relationship. The land of Moab is mentioned in the book of Numbers and the book of Ruth.
Definition: Combined with a.ra.vah (עֲרָבָה " Plains" H6160I) § Moab = "of his father" the land inhabited by the descendants of the son of Lot
Usage: Occurs in 158 OT verses. KJV: Moab. See also: Genesis 19:37; 2 Kings 3:21; Psalms 60:10.
יֹֽאחֲזֵ֖/מוֹ
ʼâchaz
H270
"to grasp"
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms | Suff
The Hebrew word means to grasp or take hold of something, often holding it in possession. It can also mean to be caught or settled. This verb is used in various forms throughout the Bible, including in the books of Exodus and Psalms.
Definition: 1) grasp, take hold, seize, take possession 1a) (Qal) to grasp, take hold of 1b) (Niphal) to be caught, grasped, be settled 1c) (Piel) to enclose, overlay 1d) (Hophal) fastened
Usage: Occurs in 63 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] be affrighted, bar, (catch, lay, take) hold (back), come upon, fasten, handle, portion, (get, have or take) possess(-ion). See also: Genesis 22:13; Nehemiah 7:3; Psalms 48:7.
רָ֑עַד
raʻad
H7461
"trembling"
N-ms
This noun describes a state of trembling or quaking, often caused by fear or anxiety. It is the result of the verb to tremble and is used to describe a physical response to a situation.
Definition: trembling Another spelling of re.a.dah (רְעַדָה "trembling" H7461B)
Usage: Occurs in 6 OT verses. KJV: trembling. See also: Exodus 15:15; Psalms 48:7; Psalms 2:11.
נָמֹ֕גוּ
mûwg
H4127
"to melt"
V-Niphal-Perf-3cp
To melt means to soften or dissolve, and can also describe feeling faint or fearful. In the Bible, it is used to describe times when people are overwhelmed or weakened, such as in the book of Psalms.
Definition: 1) to melt, cause to melt 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to melt, faint 1a2) to cause to melt 1b) (Niphal) to melt away 1c) (Polel) to soften, dissolve, dissipate 1d) (Hithpolel) to melt, flow
Usage: Occurs in 17 OT verses. KJV: consume, dissolve, (be) faint(-hearted), melt (away), make soft. See also: Exodus 15:15; Psalms 107:26; Psalms 46:7.
כֹּ֖ל
kôl
H3605
"all"
N-ms
The Hebrew word for 'all' or 'everything' is used throughout the Bible, like in Genesis 1:31, where God sees all He has made as very good. It encompasses the entirety of something, whether people, things, or situations.
Definition: 1) all, the whole 1a) all, the whole of 1b) any, each, every, anything 1c) totality, everything Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)
Usage: Occurs in 4242 OT verses. KJV: (in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any (manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as many as, (no-) thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole, whoso(-ever). See also: Genesis 1:21; Genesis 17:10; Genesis 41:40.
יֹשְׁבֵ֥י
yâshab
H3427
"to dwell"
V-Qal
This verb means to sit or dwell, and can also mean to remain or abide. It's used in the Bible to describe people living in a place or staying with someone, like in the book of Genesis.
Definition: 1) to dwell, remain, sit, abide 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to sit, sit down 1a2) to be set 1a3) to remain, stay 1a4) to dwell, have one's abode 1b) (Niphal) to be inhabited 1c) (Piel) to set, place 1d) (Hiphil) 1d1) to cause to sit 1d2) to cause to abide, set 1d3) to cause to dwell 1d4) to cause (cities) to be inhabited 1d5) to marry (give an dwelling to) 1e) (Hophal) 1e1) to be inhabited 1e2) to make to dwell Aramaic equivalent: ye.tiv (יְתִב "to dwell" H3488)
Usage: Occurs in 977 OT verses. KJV: (make to) abide(-ing), continue, (cause to, make to) dwell(-ing), ease self, endure, establish, [idiom] fail, habitation, haunt, (make to) inhabit(-ant), make to keep (house), lurking, [idiom] marry(-ing), (bring again to) place, remain, return, seat, set(-tle), (down-) sit(-down, still, -ting down, -ting (place) -uate), take, tarry. See also: Genesis 4:16; Leviticus 25:18; Joshua 13:6.
כְנָֽעַן
Kᵉnaʻan
H3667
"Canaan"
N-proper
Canaan was a son of Ham and the name of the country where he lived, which is now modern-day Israel. The Canaanites were known for being merchants and traders, as seen in Genesis and other books.
Definition: A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.9.18; son of: Ham (H2526); brother of: Cush (H3568), Egypt (H4714) and Put (H6316); father of: Sidon (H6721), Heth (H2845), Jebusite (H2983), Amorite (H0567), Girgashite (H1622), Hivite (H2340), Arkite (H6208), Sinite (H5513), Arvadite (H0721), Zemarite (H6786) and Hamathite (H2577) § merchant, trader
Usage: Occurs in 91 OT verses. KJV: Canaan, merchant, traffick. See also: Genesis 9:18; Exodus 6:4; Psalms 105:11.
Study Notes — Exodus 15:15
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- Exodus 15:15 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on Exodus 15:15
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Exodus 15:15
- Trapp's Commentary on Exodus 15:15
- Ellicott's Commentary on Exodus 15:15
- Adam Clarke's Commentary on Exodus 15:15
- Cambridge Bible on Exodus 15:15
- Whedon's Commentary on Exodus 15:15
- Sermons on Exodus 15:15
Context — The Song at the Sea
13With loving devotion You will lead the people You have redeemed; with Your strength You will guide them to Your holy dwelling.
14The nations will hear and tremble; anguish will grip the dwellers of Philistia.
15Then the chiefs of Edom will be dismayed; trembling will seize the leaders of Moab; those who dwell in Canaan will melt away,
16and terror and dread will fall on them. By the power of Your arm they will be as still as a stone until Your people pass by, O LORD, until the people You have bought pass by. 17You will bring them in and plant them on the mountain of Your inheritance— the place, O LORD, You have prepared for Your dwelling, the sanctuary, O Lord, Your hands have established.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Joshua 5:1 | Now when all the Amorite kings west of the Jordan and all the Canaanite kings along the coast heard how the LORD had dried up the waters of the Jordan before the Israelites until they had crossed over, their hearts melted and their spirits failed for fear of the Israelites. |
| 2 | Joshua 2:11 | When we heard this, our hearts melted and everyone’s courage failed because of you, for the LORD your God is God in the heavens above and on the earth below. |
| 3 | Joshua 2:9 | and said to them, “I know that the LORD has given you this land and that the fear of you has fallen on us, so that all who dwell in the land are melting in fear of you. |
| 4 | Deuteronomy 2:4 | and command the people: ‘You will pass through the territory of your brothers, the descendants of Esau, who live in Seir. They will be afraid of you, so you must be very careful. |
| 5 | Genesis 36:40 | These are the names of Esau’s chiefs, according to their families and regions, by their names: Chiefs Timna, Alvah, Jetheth, |
| 6 | Joshua 14:8 | Although my brothers who went with me made the hearts of the people melt with fear, I remained loyal to the LORD my God. |
| 7 | 2 Samuel 17:10 | Then even the most valiant soldier with the heart of a lion will melt with fear, because all Israel knows that your father is a mighty man who has valiant men with him. |
| 8 | Joshua 2:24 | “The LORD has surely delivered the entire land into our hands,” they said to Joshua. “Indeed, all who dwell in the land are melting in fear of us.” |
| 9 | Habakkuk 3:7 | I saw the tents of Cushan in distress; the curtains of Midian were trembling. |
| 10 | 1 Chronicles 1:51–54 | Then Hadad died. Now the chiefs of Edom were Timna, Alvah, Jetheth, Oholibamah, Elah, Pinon, Kenaz, Teman, Mibzar, Magdiel, and Iram. These were the chiefs of Edom. |
Exodus 15:15 Summary
[This verse is saying that when the nations around Israel saw what God had done for His people, they would be filled with fear and lose their courage. This is because God is a powerful and mighty God who is able to do great things, as we see in Exodus 14:13-14 and Psalm 77:11-12. As believers, we can trust in God's power and authority to protect and guide us, just like He did for the Israelites. We can also learn to stand in awe of God's majesty and power, and to trust in His goodness and love for us, as seen in Romans 8:28 and Jeremiah 29:11.]
Frequently Asked Questions
Why are the chiefs of Edom, leaders of Moab, and dwellers of Canaan mentioned specifically in Exodus 15:15?
These nations are mentioned because they were neighboring countries that would be affected by the Israelites' journey to the Promised Land, as seen in Deuteronomy 2:4-5 and Numbers 21:21-25.
What does it mean for the leaders to be 'dismayed' and for the people to 'melt away'?
This means that they will be filled with fear and lose their courage, similar to what happened to the Egyptians in Exodus 14:24-25, and will be unable to stand against the power of God.
How does this verse relate to God's larger plan of redemption?
This verse shows how God is working to fulfill His promise to Abraham in Genesis 12:3, where He said that all nations would be blessed through him, and is a demonstration of God's power and authority over all nations, as seen in Psalm 47:8.
What can we learn about God's character from this verse?
We can learn that God is a God of power and authority, who is able to inspire fear and awe in those who oppose Him, as seen in Isaiah 2:10-11, and that He is faithful to His people and will protect and guide them, as seen in Psalm 23:4.
Reflection Questions
- What are some ways that I can apply the concept of God's power and authority to my own life, and how can I trust in His protection and guidance?
- How can I, like the Israelites, stand in awe of God's power and majesty, and what are some ways that I can cultivate a deeper sense of reverence and worship in my daily life?
- What are some areas of my life where I am facing opposition or fear, and how can I, like the Israelites, trust in God's power and authority to overcome them?
- What can I learn from the examples of Edom, Moab, and Canaan, and how can I avoid falling into similar patterns of fear and disobedience in my own life?
Gill's Exposition on Exodus 15:15
Then the dukes of Edom shall be amazed, c,] Of which there were many, see Genesis 36:15 the land being first governed by dukes, as perhaps it was at this time, though in some few years after it had a
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Exodus 15:15
Then the dukes of Edom shall be amazed; the mighty men of Moab, trembling shall take hold upon them; all the inhabitants of Canaan shall melt away.
Trapp's Commentary on Exodus 15:15
Exodus 15:15 Then the dukes of Edom shall be amazed; the mighty men of Moab, trembling shall take hold upon them; all the inhabitants of Canaan shall melt away.Ver. 15. Then the dukes of Edom.] See Deuteronomy 2:4. The mighty men.] See it fulfilled, Numbers 22:3. Shall melt.] So they did.
Ellicott's Commentary on Exodus 15:15
(15) The dukes of Edom.—Comp. Genesis 36:15, where the same title is found. Apparently in the course of the thirty-eight years between the Exodus and the approach to. Canaan, the oligarchy of “dukes” had been replaced by a monarchy. (See Numbers 20:14.) The fear of Israel had also passed away; and the Edomites “came out against Moses with much people, and with a strong hand,” laying a foundation for that prolonged hatred of which we have traces in 2 Samuel 8:14; 1 Kings 11:14-22; 2 Kings 8:20-22; 2 Chronicles 20:16; Psalms 137:7, &c. The mighty men of Moab.—On the terror of the Moabites, when Israel approached their borders, see Numbers 22:3-4. The efforts made by Balak to procure Balaam’s curse upon them were indications of the alarm felt. All the inhabitants of Canaan shall melt away.—Compare Joshua 2:11 : “As soon as we had heard these things, our hearts did melt;” and Exodus 5:1 : “It came to pass . . . when all the kings of the Canaanites heard that the Lord had dried up the waters of Jordan, that their hearts melted, neither was there any spirit in them any more.”
Adam Clarke's Commentary on Exodus 15:15
Verse 15. The dukes of Edom] Idumea was governed at this time by those called אלפים alluphim, heads, chiefs, or captains. See Clarke on Genesis 36:15.
Cambridge Bible on Exodus 15:15
15.Then were the chiefs of Edom dismayed; The mighty men of Moab, trembling took hold upon them; All the inhabitants of Canaan melted away (in fear). Then] when they heard the tidings of the great disaster to the Egyptians. The terror thus inspired into them continued till Israel had passed by them and entered Canaan (v. 16). The Israelites did, 40 years afterwards, pass round Edom and Moab on the S. and E. of the Dead Sea: see Numbers 20:21; Numbers 21:4; Numbers 21:13; Deuteronomy 2:1-9; Deuteronomy 2:18. chiefs] Properly, clan-chiefs, or heads of clans (from ’eleph, a family or clan, Judges 6:15, 1 Samuel 10:19, Micah 5:2); a word used specially of the clan-chiefs of Edom (see Genesis 36:15-19; Genesis 36:21; Genesis 36:29-30; Genesis 36:40-43 [= 1 Chronicles 1:51-54]), and rare besides (Zechariah 9:7; Zechariah 12:5-6, only). In EVV., here and in Genesis 36, ‘duke’ represents the Lat. dux (which in its turn is based upon the ἡγεμών of the LXX.), and means simply leader. dismayed] as Psalms 48:5, for the same Heb. ‘Amazed’ (AS. amasian, to perplex; connected with maze) meant formerly bewildered (cf. ‘to be in a maze’) or confounded by any strong emotion, especially by fear (cf. Judges 20:41, for the same word as here; Job 32:15 for ηϊε; and ‘amazement’ for πτόησις in 1 Peter 3:6, RV. ‘terror’: also ‘amazing,’ i.e. bewildering, ‘thunder’ in Shakespeare, Richard II. i. 3. 81); but now it suggests a wrong meaning (‘astonished’). mighty men] The same rare word recurs 2 Kings 24:15, Ezekiel 17:13; Ezekiel 31:11; Ezekiel 31:14; Ezekiel 32:21 (‘strong’). It seems to be identical with the Heb. word for ‘ram’: if this is really the case, it must have come to be used figuratively for leader; cf. the similar use of ‘he-goats’ in Isaiah 14:9 (see RVm.). trembling (ψςγ) took hold upon them] Cf. Psalms 48:6 (ψςγδ,—both rare words). melted away] fig. for, were incapacitated and helpless through terror and despair. Cf. Joshua 2:9 b, 24b, (reminiscences of the present passage), Isaiah 14:31, Nahum 2:6 (EVV. ‘is dissolved,’ to be understood in its old fig. sense of relaxed, enfeebled: the Heb. word is the same as here).
Whedon's Commentary on Exodus 15:15
14-17. Fifth strain. The Egyptians were conquered, but other foes yet lay between the Israelites and the promised inheritance.
Sermons on Exodus 15:15
| Sermon | Description | |
|---|---|---|
|
Week of Meetings 06 Christ the Nazarene by David Clifford | In this sermon, the preacher begins by discussing the importance of working together in pairs, as exemplified by Jesus sending out his disciples two by two. He then goes on to desc |
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Guilt and Freedom by David Roper | In this sermon, the preacher reflects on the book of Joshua and the thrilling days of Israel's conquest of the land. He emphasizes the importance of faith and obedience as crucial |
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Rahab: Holy or Hypocrite - Hebrews 11:31 by Jon Courson | Jon Courson delves into Hebrews 11, known as God's Hall of Faith, highlighting the surprising inclusions and exclusions. He focuses on Rahab, the only woman in the Hall of Faith be |
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The Spies by C.H. Spurgeon | In this sermon, the speaker discusses the concept of Canaan as a representation of religion. He argues that Canaan was never meant to symbolize heaven, as there are no negative ele |
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Caleb by Welcome Detweiler | In this sermon, the speaker focuses on the example of Caleb from the Bible who is commended for his wholehearted devotion to God. The speaker challenges the audience to examine the |
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Are You Ready to Leave the Wilderness? by Andrew Murray | Andrew Murray emphasizes the importance of faith in leaving the wilderness of unbelief and entering into a life of victory and communion with God. He points out that Israel's strug |