1 Chronicles 23:8 — Word Study
WLCבְּנֵ֣י לַעְדָּ֗ן הָרֹ֧אשׁ יְחִיאֵ֛ל וְזֵתָ֥ם וְיוֹאֵ֖ל שְׁלֹשָֽׁה׃ ס
BSAThe sonsbên [descendants, offspring] of LadanLaʻdân [a Gershonite Levite] JehielYᵉchîyʼêl [God lives, a common Israelite name] the firstrôʼsh [chief, head] ZethamZêthâm [a Gershonite Levite] and JoelYôwʼêl [Jehovah is God] three [in all]shâlôwsh [a triad, a small group of three]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| בְּנֵ֣י | [the] sons of | Noun common, masculine plural construct |
| לַעְדָּ֗ן | Ladan | Noun proper masculine |
| הָרֹ֧אשׁ | the chief | Particle, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| יְחִיאֵ֛ל | Jehiel | Noun proper masculine |
| וְזֵתָ֥ם | and Zetham | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| וְיוֹאֵ֖ל | and Joel | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| שְׁלֹשָֽׁה׃ ס | three | Noun common, both singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | The sons of Ladan: Jehiel the first, Zetham, and Joel—three in all. |
| KJV | The sons of Laadan; the chief was Jehiel, and Zetham, and Joel, three. |
| ASV | The sons of Ladan: Jehiel the chief, and Zetham, and Joel, three. |
| YLT | Sons of Laadan: the head [is] Jehiel, and Zetham, and Joel, three. |
| WEB | The sons of Ladan: Jehiel the chief, Zetham, and Joel, three. |
| BBE | The sons of Ladan: Jehiel the chief, and Zetham and Joel, three. |
Where they part company is שְׁלֹשָֽׁה — see How Translations Differ.
The structure is straightforward, presenting the subjects and their attributes in a clear order.
5 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Ellicott & more — read them ›
clause
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 1 Chronicles 23:8
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Lineage of the Levitesgenerated
1 Chronicles 23:8 provides a record of the descendants of Ladan, a Levite, detailing his sons and their roles within the Levitical priesthood. This genealogical listing is part of a broader narrative that establishes the heritage and responsibilities of the Levites, who were set apart for service in the temple and worship of God. Understanding these lineages helps illuminate the structure of Israelite society and the significance of priestly roles, as seen throughout the Old Testament.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 Chronicles 15:18–20 | and with them their brothers next in rank: Zechariah, Jaaziel, Shemiramoth, Jehiel, Unni, Eliab, Benaiah, Maaseiah, Mattithiah, Eliphelehu, Mikneiah, and the gatekeepers Obed-edom and Jeiel. |
| 2 | 1 Chronicles 6:33–34 | These are the men who served, together with their sons. From the Kohathites: Heman the singer, the son of Joel, the son of Samuel, |
| 3 | 1 Chronicles 15:7–11 | from the Gershomites, Joel the chief and 130 of his relatives; |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 3 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — בֵּן, be.Neigenerated
The word בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'descendant' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including grandson and qualities associated with lineage. It signifies familial relationships and is foundational in genealogical contexts, such as this verse, where it connects the descendants to their ancestral heritage.
The parsing as a masculine plural construct indicates that this term refers to multiple sons, emphasizing the collective identity of Ladan's descendants. This word is crucial for understanding family dynamics and inheritance laws in ancient Israel.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb is implied, with the structure listing the subjects and their attributes: בְּנֵי לַעְדָּן — the sons of Ladan — followed by the names of the sons and the total count. This structure highlights the familial relationships within the context of the Levite lineage.
The sentence is organized in a straightforward manner, presenting the subjects first, followed by their names and concluding with the total number, which emphasizes the importance of each individual within the lineage.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates בֵּן as υἱοὶ (huioi), which also means 'sons' and aligns with the Hebrew meaning. This choice reflects the translators' intent to maintain the familial context.
The name לַעְדָּן is rendered as εδαν, preserving the identity of Ladan while adapting it to Greek phonetics. This indicates a consistent understanding of the character across both texts.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
1 Chronicles 23:8 tells us about the sons of Ladan, who are Jehiel, Zetham, and Joel. This verse highlights their names and indicates that there are three sons in total, showing the importance of family lineage in the context of the Levites.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The sons of Ladan were Jehiel, Zetham, and Joel, as mentioned in 1 Chronicles 23:8.
Listing the names emphasizes the importance of lineage and the roles of these individuals within the Levitical priesthood.
This verse is part of a genealogical record that establishes the heritage and responsibilities of the Levites, who served in the temple.
The name Ladan means 'put in order,' reflecting the significance of order and structure within the Levitical family.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- Why is it important to know the names and roles of the Levites in Israel's history?
- How does understanding genealogy enhance our comprehension of biblical narratives?
- What can we learn about family and heritage from this verse?
- In what ways does this verse connect to the broader themes of service and worship in the Old Testament?
Commentators on this verse — 5 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 1 Chronicles 23:8 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleThe sons of Laadan; the chief was Jehiah, and Zetham, and Joel. Not his immediate sons, but some that descended from him.
Read John Gill on 1 Chronicles 23 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryThe sons of Laadan; the chief was Jehiel, and Zetham, and Joel, three. No JFB commentary on these verses.
Read Robert Jamieson on 1 Chronicles 23 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleThe sons of Laadan, i.e. his posterity; and so in the following verses; for these could not be their immediate sons.
Read Matthew Poole on 1 Chronicles 23 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(8) The sons of Laadan.—These are named in two groups: viz., first, the three mentioned in this verse; secondly, the three named in 1 Chronicles 23:9, and called “sons of Shimei.” This Shimei is not the same as the Shimei of 1 Chronicles 23:7, whose sub-divisions are not given till 1 Chronicles 23:10.
Read Charles John Ellicott on 1 Chronicles 23 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges2–23. Organisation of the Levites (first account) Two accounts are given of David’s organisation of the Levites. According to the first the Levites were admitted to service at thirty years of age; 1 Chronicles 23:3; cp. Numbers 4:3; Numbers 4:23; Numbers 4:30, where the period from thirty to fifty is fixed as the period for service. According to the second account (Numbers 4:24; Numbers 4:47) the Levites were taken from twenty years old and upwards; this was apparently the later custom; cp. 2 Chronicles 31:17; Ezra 3:8. The discrepancy probably arises from an actual variation in practice. The original age of admission for Levites was probably thirty, but owing to the scarcity of their…
Read Cambridge on 1 Chronicles 23 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
The sons of Ladan: Jehiel the first, Zetham, and Joel—three in all.
The sons of Ladan: Jehiel the chief, Zetham, and Joel, three.
The sons of Ladan: Jehiel the first, Zetham, and Joel—three in all.
The sons of Ladan: Jehiel the oldest, Zetham, and Joel – three in all.
Tyndale line
The sons of Laadan; the chief was Jehiel, and Zetham, and Joel, three.
The sons of Ladan: Jehiel the chief, and Zetham, and Joel, three.
The sons of Ladan; Jehiel the chief, and Zetham, and Joel, three.
The sons of Laadan: the chief was Jehiel, and Zetham, and Joel, three.
The sonnes of Laadan, the chiefe was Iehiel, and Zetham and Ioel, three.
Strictly literal
The sons of Laadan: the head was Jehiel, and Zetham, and Joel, three.
Sons of Laadan: the head [is] Jehiel, and Zetham, and Joel, three.
Sons of Laadan: the head [is] Jehiel, and Zetham, and Joel—three.
The sons of La'dan: The chief was Jechiel, and Zetham, and Joel, three.
There were three of Ladan's sons: Jehiel the leader, Zetham, and Joel.
From the Latin
The sons of Leedan: the chief Jahiel, and Zethan, and Joel, three.
Simplified
The sons of Ladan: Jehiel (chief), and Zetham, and Joel, three in total.
The sons of Ladan: Jehiel the chief, and Zetham and Joel, three.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text lists the sons of Ladan as Jehiel, Zetham, and Joel, totaling three. The Septuagint agrees with this count and the names, matching all seven words in the verse, although the word order and articles are different due to the nature of the Greek language. There are no significant differences in the content of the verse across these witnesses.
בְּנֵ֣י לַעְדָּ֗ן הָרֹ֧אשׁ יְחִיאֵ֛ל וְזֵתָ֥ם וְיוֹאֵ֖ל שְׁלֹשָֽׁה׃ ס
7 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 1 Chronicles 23:8
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'male child' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including descendants, young animals, and even figurative uses like sparks or arrows. It can refer to members of a tribe or class and is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, such as in 1 Chronicles 24:26. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to build' and implies a connection to family or lineage.
בֵּן 4870 n.m. son
son, male child, born of a woman
children (male and female)
youth, young men
the young of animals
of plant shoots
fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
member of a guild, order or class
of animals son of (the) herd
ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
n. relat. of age
base
בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 27 as n.pr.m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.
done
H1121a בֵּן son . son, male child, born of a woman
. children (male and female)
. youth, young men
. the young of animals
. of plant shoots
. fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
. . member of a guild, order or class
. of animals son of (the) herd
. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
. n. relat. of age
H1121b בְּנוֹ as n. pr. m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son
1121 ben bane
from 1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the
widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship,
including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,
etc., (like 1, 251, etc.)):--+ afflicted, age, (Ahoh-)
(Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to,
(+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born,
bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X
came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of
first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, +
kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+)
people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, +
spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous
one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.
see HEBREW for 01129
see HEBREW for 01
see HEBREW for 0251
בֵּן (ben) — son: child.
: child/son
בְּנוֹ (be.no) — Beno.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.24.26;
son of: Jaaziah (H3269);
brother of: Shoham (H7719), Zaccur (H2139I) and Ibri (H5681)
§ Beno = "his son"
the sons of Jaaziah and the sons of Merari by Jaahziah (his son)
בֵּן (ben) — son: descendant/people.
: descendant, people, tribe, nation
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : child/son
בֵּן (ben) — son: young animal.
: calf/lamb/young(ANIMAL)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : descendant
בֵּן (ben) — son: type of.
: rebel/son(Belial)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : people/men/nation/tribe
בֵּן (ben) — son.
: [inheriting]son/heir
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
בֵּן (ben) — son: warrior.
: warrior/son(strong)
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural constructHNcmpc
See SON, SONS.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
לַעְדָּן (La`dan) refers to a name associated with two Israelites, specifically a Levite from the tribe of Gershon and an Ephraimite ancestor of Joshua. The name is linked to the idea of 'putting in order.' It first appears in Exodus 6:17 and is also mentioned in 1 Chronicles.
לַעְדָּן n.pr.m.
an Ephraimite
a Gershonite
base
H3936 לַעְדָּן
3936 La`dan lah-dawn'
from the same as 3935; Ladan, the name of two
Israelites:--Laadan.
see HEBREW for 03935
לַעְדָּן (la.dan) — Ladan.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Exo.6.17;
son of: Gershon (H1648);
brother of: Shimei (H8096G);
father of: Jehieli= Jehiel (H3171H), Zetham (H2241), Joel (H3100O); also called Jahath at 1Ch.6.43; Libni;
§ Laadan = "put in order"
1) an Ephraimite ancestor of Joshua, son of Nun
2) a Levite son of Gershom; also 'Libni'
לַעְדָּן (la.dan) — Ladan.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Exo.6.17;
son of: Gershon (H1648);
brother of: Shimei (H8096);
father of: Jahath (H3189H), Libni (H3936H), Shimei (H8096G); also called Jahath at 1Ch.6.43; Ladan (KJV: Laadan) at 1Ch.23.7,9; 26.21;
Another name of liv.ni (לִבְנִי "Libni" H3845G)
§ Laadan = "put in order"
1) an Ephraimite ancestor of Joshua, son of Nun
2) a Levite son of Gershom; also 'Libni'
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
רֹאשׁ (ro'sh) means 'head' and encompasses various meanings related to position and rank. It can refer to the head of a person or animal, the top of a mountain, or a chief in various contexts, such as a city or nation. The word also signifies beginnings and sums, appearing in phrases related to enumeration. Additionally, it serves as a proper noun for 'Rosh,' a title for a chief or prince.
רֹאשׁ 599 n.m.
(c. 230 t.) head, of human being
head, of animals
top (88 t.)
height, of stars
head = chief (man)
= chief (city)
chief nation
= chief (place, position)
= chief priest
= head of a family
head = front, leader's place
of time, beginning, of night watch
of things, river-heads
chief, choicest, best, of spices
head = division of army, company, band
= sum, esp. in phr. take sum of, enumerate
other phr.
base
רֹאשׁ n.pr.gent. Rôsh
base
H7218a רֹאשׁ . . (c. 230 t.) head, of human being
. head, of animals
. . top (88 t.)
. height, of stars
. . head = chief (man)
. = chief (city)
. chief nation
. = chief (place, position)
. = chief priest
. = head of a family
. . head = front, leader's place
. of time, beginning, of night watch
. of things, river-heads
. chief, choicest, best, of spices
. head = division of army, company, band
. = sum, esp. in phr. take sum of, enumerate
. other phr.
H7218b רֹאשׁ n. pr. gent. Rôsh
7218 ro'sh roshe
from an unused root apparently meaning to shake; the head (as
most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many
applications, of place, time, rank, itc.):--band, beginning,
captain, chapiter, chief(-est place, man, things), company,
end, X every (man), excellent, first, forefront, ((be-))head,
height, (on) high(-est part, (priest)), X lead, X poor,
principal, ruler, sum, top.
רֹאשׁ (rosh) — head.
: head
1) head, top, summit, upper part, chief, total, sum, height, front, beginning
1a) head (of man, animals)
1b) top, tip (of mountain)
1c) height (of stars)
1d) chief, head (of man, city, nation, place, family, priest)
1e) head, front, beginning
1f) chief, choicest, best
1g) head, division, company, band
1h) sum
רֹאשׁ (rosh) — prince.
Rosh, a tite for a chief or prince
רֹאשׁ (rosh) — head: leader.
: leader
1) head, top, summit, upper part, chief, total, sum, height, front, beginning
1a) head (of man, animals)
1b) top, tip (of mountain)
1c) height (of stars)
1d) chief, head (of man, city, nation, place, family, priest)
1e) head, front, beginning
1f) chief, choicest, best
1g) head, division, company, band
1h) sum
רֹאשׁ (rosh) — head: top.
: top/best
1) head, top, summit, upper part, chief, total, sum, height, front, beginning
1a) head (of man, animals)
Art | N-ms — Particle · noun common masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ncmsa
chef: The English word is in the King James Version of Old Testament the translation of some 17 different Hebrew words, most frequently of ro'sh, "head," sar, "prince," and re'shith, "beginning." The principal changes made by the Revised Version (British and American) are:
(1) Hebrew beth'abh, "house of a father," being recognized as a technical term denoting a subdivision of a tribe, ro'sh is rendered literally "head," when it occurs in connection with this phrase, so that "chief fathers" (Num 31:26) and "chief of the fathers" (Ezr 1:5) become "heads of fathers' houses";
(2) Hebrew naghidh and nasi' are more accurately translated "prince" in such passages as 1Ch 5:2; Nu 3:32;
The Hebrew word יְחִיאֵל (*Ychiy'el*) means 'God will live' and is associated with several individuals in the Old Testament, particularly during the Divided Monarchy. It refers to a Levite musician under David, a ruler in the temple during Josiah's reforms, and various figures connected to Ezra. The name appears in multiple contexts, highlighting its significance among the Israelites.
יְחִיאֵל n.pr.m. (may Ēl live)
one of David’s chief musicians
one of David’s chiefs of the Levites
tutor of David’s sons
son of Jehoshaphat
Hemanite of Hezekiah’s reign
overseer in Hezekiah’s reign
ruler over the temple in Josiah’s reign
contemporaries of Ezra
base
H3171 יְחִיאֵל
3171 Ychiy'el yekh-ee-ale'
or (2 Chron. 29:14) Ychavrel {yekh-av-ale'}; from 2421 and
410; God will live; Jechiel (or Jechavel), the name of eight
Israelites:--Jehiel.
see HEBREW for 02421
see HEBREW for 0410
יְחִיאֵל (ye.chi.el) — Jehiel.
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.15.18
§ Jehiel = "God lives"
1) a Levite and one of the chief musicians in the time of David
2) a Gershonite Levite who had charge of the treasures in the time of David
3) son of Hachmoni and an officer of David and tutor of David's sons
4) a son of king Jehoshaphat of Judah put to death by his brother Jehoram
5) Hemanite who took part in the restoration of king Hezekiah
6) a Levite and overseer in the time of Hezekiah
7) a ruler of the temple during the reforms of Josiah
8) father of Obadiah of the sons of Joab in the time of Ezra
9) father of Shechaniah of the sons of Elam in the time of Ezra
10) a son of Elam who put away his foreign wife in the time of Ezra
11) a priest of the sons of Harim who also had to put away his foreign wife in the time of Ezra
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
Jehiel
God’s living one. (1.) The father of Gibeon (1 Chr. 9:35).
(2.) One of David’s guard (1 Chr. 11:44).
(3.) One of the Levites “of the second degree,” appointed to conduct the music on the occasion of the ark’s being removed to Jerusalem (1 Chr. 15:18, 20).
(4.) A Hachmonite, a tutor in the family of David toward the close of his reign (1 Chr. 27:32).
(5.) The second of Jehoshaphat’s six sons (2 Chr. 21:2).
(6.) One of the Levites of the family of Heman who assisted Hezekiah in his work of reformation (2 Chr. 29:14).
(treasured of God), a perfectly distinct name from the last. A man described as father of Gibeon; a fore-father of King Saul. (1 Chronicles 9:35) One of the sons of Hotham the Aroerite; a member of David’s guard. (1 Chronicles 11:44) (B.C. 1046.)
זֵתָם (Zetham) is a proper name referring to a Gershonite Levite mentioned in 1 Chronicles 23:8. He is identified as a son of Libni and brother of Joel and Jehiel. The name Zetham is noted to mean 'olive' and is considered a variation of another Hebrew word.
זֵתָם n.pr.m. a Levite (Gershonite)
base
H2241 זֵתָם
2241 Zetham zay-thawm'
apparently a variation for 2133; Zetham, an
&Š Israelite:--Zetham.
see HEBREW for 02133
זֵתָם (ze.tam) — Zetham.
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.23.8;
son of Libni (H3845G) ;
brother of: Joel (H3100O) and Jehiel (H3171H)
§ Zetham = "olive"
a Gershonite Levite, the son of Jehieli and grandson of Laadan
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
ze'-tham (zetham, meaning unknown): A Gershonite Levite (1Ch 23:8; 26:22). In the second passage Curtis holds that "the sons of Jehieli" is a gloss; he points the Massoretic Text to read "brethren" instead of "brother," and so has "Jehiel (1Ch 26:22) and his brethren, Zetham and Joel, were over the treasures."
Zetham
Olive planter, a Levite (1 Chr. 23:8).
(olive), the son of Laadan, a Gershonite Levite. (1 Chronicles 23:8) (B.C. 1043.)
→ A son of Laadan 1Ch 23:8; 26:22
יוֹאֵל (Yow'el) means 'Jehovah is God' and refers to several individuals in the Old Testament, including the second of the twelve minor prophets. The name is associated with various figures, such as Samuel's eldest son and leaders from the tribes of Simeon, Reuben, and Gad. The entries highlight a range of roles, from prophets to warriors, but do not indicate any significant disagreement among lexicons.
יוֹאֵל n.pr.m. (usu. interpr. as י׳ is God)
Samuel’s firstborn
a Simeonite prince
a Reubenite
a Gadite chief
a chief man of Issachar
one of David’s heroes
a chief of Manasseh
a Jew of Ezra’s time
a Benjamite
the prophet, son of Pethuel
Levites
base
H3100 יוֹאֵל
3100 Yow'el yo-ale'
from 3068 and 410; Jehovah (is his) God; Joel, the name of
twelve Israelites:--Joel.
see HEBREW for 03068
see HEBREW for 0410
יוֹאֵל (yo.el) — Joel.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Sa.8.2;
son of: Samuel (H8050);
brother of: Abijah (H0029);
father of: Heman (H1968I); also translated "second" at 1Ch.6.28;
Also named: vash.ni (וַשְׁנִי "`second`" H2059)
§ Joel = "Jehovah is God"
1) son of Pethuel and the 2nd of the 12 minor prophets with a book by his name; probably prophesied in the time of king Uzziah of Judah
2) eldest son of Samuel the prophet and father of Heman the singer
3) a Simeonite chief
4) a Reubenite
5) a chief of Gad
6) son of Izrahiah and a chief of Issachar
7) brother of Nathan of Zobah and one of David's mighty warriors
8) son of Pedaiah and a chief of the half tribe of Manasseh west of the Jordan in the time of David
9) a son of Nebo who returned with Ezra and had a foreign wife
10) a Benjamite, son of Zichri
11) a Levite
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
Joel
Jehovah is his God. (1.) The oldest of Samuel’s two sons appointed by him as judges in Beersheba (1 Sam. 8:2). (See VASHNI.) (2.) A descendant of Reuben (1 Chr. 5:4,8). (3.) One of David’s famous warriors (1 Chr. 11:38). (4.) A Levite of the family of Gershom (1 Chr. 15:7, 11). (5.) 1 Chr. 7:3. (6.) 1 Chr. 27:20. (7.) The second of the twelve minor prophets. He was the son of Pethuel. His personal history is only known from his book.
(to whom Jehovah is God). Eldest son of Samuel the prophet, (1 Samuel 8:2; 1 Chronicles 6:33; 15:17) and father of Heman the singer. (B.C. 1094.) In (1 Chronicles 6:36) Authorized Version, Joel seems to be merely a corruption of Shaul in ver. 24. A Simeonite chief. (1 Chronicles 4:35) A descendant of Reuben. Junius and Tremellius make him the son of Hanoeh, while others trace his descent through Carmi. (1 Chronicles 5:4) (B.C. before 1092.) Chief of the Gadites, who dwelt in the land of Bashan. (1 Chronicles 5:12) (B.C. 782.) The son of Izrahiah, of the tribe of…
One of the minor prophets, of whom nothing is known beyond the few hints furnished in his brief but valuable prophecy. He lived in the kingdom of Judah, and at a time when the temple and temple-worship still existed, Joe 1:14 2:1,15,32 3:1. Different authors assign to his prophecy different dates, but the prevailing opinion is that he prophesied in the reign of Uzziah, nearly 800 B. C.
The BOOK of JOEL opens with a most graphic and powerful description of the devastation caused by swarms of divers kinds of locusts, accompanied by a terrible drought. The plague of locusts, one of the most dreadful scourges of the East, (see LOCUSTS,) is highly suggestive of an invasion of hostile legions such as have often ravaged Judea; and many have understood, by the locusts of Joel, the Chaldeans, Persians, Greeks, or Romans. The prophet, however…
he that wills or commands
The Hebrew word שָׁלֹשׁ (*shalosh*) means 'three' or 'triad.' It can also refer to the ordinal 'third' and is used in various contexts, including multiplication as 'thrice.' The entries consistently define it as a primitive number without significant disagreement.
שָׁלֹשׁ, שָׁלוֹשׁ, שְׁלֹשָׁה 430 n.m. et f. a three, triad
base
H7969 שָׁלֹשׁ, שָׁלוֹשׁ, שְׁלֹשָׁה a three, triad
7969 shalowsh shaw-loshe'
or shalosh {shaw-loshe'}; masculine shlowshah {shel-o-shaw'};
or shloshah {shel-o-shaw'}; a primitive number; three;
occasionally (ordinal) third, or (multipl.) thrice:--+ fork,
+ often(-times), third, thir(-teen, -teenth), three, + thrice.
Compare 7991.
see HEBREW for 07991
שָׁלֹשׁ (sha.losh) — three.
1) three, triad
1a) 3, 300, third
Aramaic equivalent: te.lat (תְּלָת "three" H8532)
Adj — Noun common · both singular absoluteHNcbsa
(shalosh; treis).
See NUMBER.
The phrase "three days and three nights," Mt 12:40, was equivalent in Hebrew to the English "three days;" the Jews employing the expression "a day and a night" to denote our "day" of twentyfour hours. Nor did "three days," 1Sa 30:13, literally "this third day," according to their usage, necessarily include the whole of three days, but a part of three days, a continuous period including one whole day of twenty-four hours, and a portion of the day preceding it and the day following it. Compare Ge 7:12,17 1Sa 30:12-13.