1 Chronicles 8:17 — Word Study
WLCוּזְבַדְיָ֥ה וּמְשֻׁלָּ֖ם וְחִזְקִ֥י וָחָֽבֶר׃
BSAZebadiahZᵉbadyâh [endowment of Jehovah] MeshullamMᵉshullâm [given of God] HizkiChizqîy△ [Hezeki, strong one] HeberCheber [comrade, united one]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וּזְבַדְיָ֥ה | and Zebadiah | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| וּמְשֻׁלָּ֖ם | and Meshullam | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| וְחִזְקִ֥י | and Hizki | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| וָחָֽבֶר׃ | and Heber | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Zebadiah, Meshullam, Hizki, Heber, |
| KJV | And Zebadiah, and Meshullam, and Hezeki, and Heber, |
| ASV | and Zebadiah, and Meshullam, and Hizki, and Heber, |
| YLT | and Zebadiah, and Meshullam, and Hezeki, and Heber, |
| WEB | Zebadiah, Meshullam, Hizki, Heber, |
| BBE | And Zebadiah and Meshullam and Hizki and Heber |
Where they part company is in the rendering of the names, but all translations agree on their presence in this verse.
The verse consists of a simple list of names with no additional clauses or verbs.
2 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson & more — read them ›
clause
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
1 of 4 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 1 Chronicles 8:17
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Genealogy of Benjamingenerated
1 Chronicles 8:17 presents a list of names from the tribe of Benjamin, showing the descendants of Elpaal. This genealogical record highlights the importance of lineage in Israelite culture, as seen throughout the book of Chronicles, which emphasizes the history and heritage of the Israelite people.
Cross References
The Key Word — זְבַדְיָה, u.ze.vad.Yahgenerated
The name זְבַדְיָה (Zebadiah) is a proper masculine noun, meaning 'endowment of Jehovah.' It is derived from the root meaning 'to give' and is associated with several figures in the Old Testament. The parsing indicates it is a conjunction followed by a noun, suggesting a list format.
Zebadiah is one of nine individuals named in the Old Testament, primarily from the tribes of Benjamin and Levi. This name is often linked to themes of divine provision and leadership within the Israelite community.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The structure of this verse is straightforward, comprising a list of names. The finite verb is absent as it is a noun phrase, presenting the names of individuals in a genealogical format.
Each name is presented in a simple conjunction format, indicating a series of individuals related to the lineage of Benjamin.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates זְבַדְיָה as ζαβαδια, maintaining the personal name and its significance. This choice reflects a direct correspondence with the Hebrew, indicating continuity in the identification of these figures.
The other names are also rendered similarly, preserving their meanings and connections to the Hebrew text.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
1 Chronicles 8:17 lists four names: Zebadiah, Meshullam, Hizki, and Heber. These names belong to the tribe of Benjamin and reflect the genealogical records important in Israel's history.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Zebadiah means 'endowment of Jehovah' and signifies a gift or provision from God.
Genealogies establish heritage, identity, and the fulfillment of God's promises to His people.
Meshullam is a name given to several individuals in the Bible, meaning 'friend,' indicating relationships and connections within the community.
Hizki means 'strong' and reflects the qualities valued in the lineage of the Israelites.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- How do genealogies help us understand the history of God's people?
- What significance do names hold in our own lives and communities?
- In what ways can we learn from the heritage of faith represented in the Bible?
- How might understanding these names deepen our appreciation for the narratives in Scripture?
Commentators on this verse — 2 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 1 Chronicles 8:17 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleVer. 17,18. And Zebadiah, and Meshullam,.... These, with those that follow, Hezeki, Heber, Ishmerai, Jezliah, and Jobab, were the sons of Elpaal
Read John Gill on 1 Chronicles 8 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd Ahio, Shashak, and Jeremoth, No JFB commentary on these verses.
Read Robert Jamieson on 1 Chronicles 8 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Zebadiah, Meshullam, Hizki, Heber,
Zebadiah, Meshullam, Hizki, Heber,
Zebadiah, Meshullam, Hizki, Heber,
Zebadiah, Meshullam, Hizki, Heber,
Tyndale line
And Zebadiah, and Meshullam, and Hezeki, and Heber,
and Zebadiah, and Meshullam, and Hizki, and Heber,
and Zebadiah, and Meshullam, and Hizki, and Heber;
And Zebadiah, and Meshullam, and Hezeki, and Heber,
And Zebadiah, and Meshullam, and Hizki, and Heber,
Strictly literal
And Zebadiah, and Meshullam, and Hiski, and Heber,
and Zebadiah, and Meshullam, and Hezeki, and Heber,
and Zebadiah, and Meshullam, and Hezeki, and Heber,
And Zebadyah, and Meshullam, and Chiski, and Cheber,
Elpaal had these sons: Zebadiah, Meshullam, Hizki, Heber, Ishmerai, Izliah, and Jobab.
From the Latin
And Zabadia, and Mosollam, and Hezeci, and Heber,
Simplified
Zebadiah, Meshullam, Hizki, Heber,
And Zebadiah and Meshullam and Hizki and Heber
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text lists the names as וּזְבַדְיָ֥ה וּמְשֻׁלָּ֖ם וְחִזְקִ֥י וָחָֽבֶר׃, and the Septuagint matches all four names, showing agreement between these witnesses.
וּזְבַדְיָ֥ה וּמְשֻׁלָּ֖ם וְחִזְקִ֥י וָחָֽבֶר׃
4 of the 4 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 1 Chronicles 8:17
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
זְבַדְיָהוּ (Zebadiah) means 'Jah has given' and is a personal name associated with several individuals in the Old Testament, primarily from the tribes of Benjamin and Levi. The entries detail various figures named Zebadiah, including a Levite and officers under King David and Jehoshaphat, as well as a priest during Ezra's time. The name appears in contexts related to leadership and priesthood.
זְבַדְיָהוּ, זְבַדְיָה n.pr.m. (י׳ hath bestowed)
Levites
an officer of Jehoshaphat
Benjamites
one of David’s men
an officer of David
a returning exile
one of priestly house
base
H2069 זְבַדְיָהוּ, זְבַדְיָה, זְבַדיָה
2069 Zbadyah zeb-ad-yaw'
or Zbadyahuw {zeb-ad-yaw'-hoo}; from 2064 and 3050; Jah has
given; Zebadjah, the name of nine Israelites:--Zebadiah.
see HEBREW for 02064
see HEBREW for 03050
זְבַדְיָהוּ (ze.vad.yah) — Zebadiah.
A man of the tribe of Benjamin living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, only mentioned at 1Ch.8.15;
son of: Beriah (H1283I);
brother of: Arad (H6166B), Ahio (H0283H), Shashak (H8349), Jeremoth (H3406I), Eder (H5738), Michael (H4317L), Ishpah (H3472) and Joha (H3109)
§ Zebadiah = "endowment of Jehovah"
1) a Benjamite of the sons of Beriah
2) a Benjamite of the sons of Elpaal
3) one of the sons of Jeroham of Gedor and one of David's men
4) son of Asahel, brother of Joab, and one of David's men
5) son of Michael, of the sons of Shephatiah
6) a priest of the sons of Immer, who had a foreign wife in the time of Ezra
7) a Levite, 3rd son of Meshelemiah the Korhite
8) a Levite in the reign of Jehoshaphat
9) son of Ishmael and prince of the house of Judah in the reign of Jehoshaphat
זְבַדְיָהוּ (ze.vad.yah) — Zebadiah.
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
zeb-a-di'-a
(1) zebhadhyaha,
(2) zebhadhyah, "Yah has bestowed";
the form (1) is the Hebrew name in (1), (a), (b), (2), below; the form (2) in the rest. Some manuscripts have Zechariah in (1), (a), (b), (3)).
Compare ZABDI; ZABDIEL:
(1) Levites:
(a) a Korahite doorkeeper of David's reign (1Ch 26:2);
(b) one of the Levites sent by King Jehoshaphat to teach the Torah in Judah (2Ch 17:8).
Zebadiah
Gift of Jehovah. (1.) A son of Asahel, Joab’s brother (1 Chr. 27:7).
(2.) A Levite who took part as one of the teachers in the system of national education instituted by Jehoshaphat (2 Chr. 17:7, 8).
(3.) The son of Ishmael, “the ruler of the house of Judah in all the king’s matters” (2 Chr. 19:8-11).
(4.) A son of Beriah (1 Chr. 8:15).
(5.) A Korhite porter of the Lord’s house (1 Chr. 26:2). Three or four others of this name are also mentioned.
A Benjamite of the sons of Beriah. (1 Chronicles 8:15) A Benjamite of the sons of Elpaal. (1 Chronicles 8:17) One of the sons of Jeroham of Gedor. (1 Chronicles 12:7) Son of Asahel, the brother of Joab. (1 Chronicles 27:7) Son of Michael, of the sons of Shephatiah. (Ezra 8:8) A priest Of the sons of Immer, who had married a foreign wife after the return from Babylon. (Ezra 10:20) Third son of Meshelemiah the Korhite. (1 Chronicles 26:3) A Levite in the reign of Jehoshaphat. (
portion of the Lord; the Lord is my portion
מְשֻׁלָּם (Mshullam) is a Hebrew name meaning 'friend.' It refers to several individuals in the Old Testament, including a grandfather of Shaphan, a son of Zerubbabel, and various Benjamites and Levites involved in rebuilding Jerusalem. The name appears in contexts related to the Divided Monarchy and post-exilic restoration, notably in 2 Kings 22:3 and Ezra 10:29.
מְשֻׁלָּם n.pr.m.
grandfather of Shaphan
son of Zerub.
in Benj.
in Gad
wall-builders
a chief
H4918 מְשֻׁלָּם
4918 Mshullam mesh-ool-lawm'
from 7999; allied; Meshullam, the name of seventeen
Israelites:--Meshullam.
see HEBREW for 07999
מְשֻׁלָּם (me.shul.lam) — Meshullam.
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 2Ki.22.3;
father of: Azaliah (H0683)
§ Meshullam = "friend"
1) grandfather of Shaphan, the scribe
2) son of Zerubbabel
3) a Benjamite of the sons of Elpaal
4) a Benjamite, father of Sallu
5) a Benjamite who lived at Jerusalem after the captivity
6) a Benjamite
6a) perhaps the same as 3 or 4
7) a Gadite in the reign of king Jotham of Judah
8) son of Berechiah who assisted in rebuilding the wall of Jerusalem
9) son of Besodeiah who assisted Jehoiada the son of Paseah in restoring the old gate of Jerusalem
10) a chief of the people who sealed the covenant with Nehemiah
11) father of Hilkiah and high priest probably in the reign of king Amon of Judah
11a) perhaps the same as 'Shallum'
12) a priest, son of Meshillemith or Meshillemoth, son of Immer, and ancestor of Maasiai or Amashai
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
Meshullam
Befriended. (1.) One of the chief Gadites in Bashan in the time of Jotham (1 Chr. 5:13).
(2.) Grandfather of Shaphan, “the scribe,” in the reign of Josiah (2 Kings 22:3).
(3.) A priest, father of Hilkiah (1 Chr. 9:11; Neh. 11:11), in the reign of Ammon; called Shallum in 1 Chr. 6:12.
(4.) A Levite of the family of Kohath (2 Chr. 34:12), in the reign of Josiah.
(5.) 1 Chr. 8:17.
(6.) 1 Chr. 3:19.
(friend). Ancestor of Shaphan the scribe. (2 Kings 22:3) The son of Zerubbabel. (1 Chronicles 3:19) A Gadite in the reign of Jotham king of Judah. (1 Chronicles 5:13) A Benjamite, of the sons of Elpaal. (1 Chronicles 8:17) A Benjamite, father of Sallu. (1 Chronicles 9:7; Nehemiah 11:7) A Benjamite who lived at Jerusalem after the captivity. (1 Chronicles 9:8) The same as Shallum, who was high priest probably in the reign of Amon, and father of Hilkiah. (1 Chronicles…
peaceable; perfect; their parables
חִזְקִי (Chizqiy) refers to a man from the tribe of Benjamin, mentioned in 1 Chronicles 8:17. The name means 'strong' and is derived from the root word for strength, חָזַק (chazaq). He is noted as a descendant of Shaaraim and has several brothers listed in the genealogical record.
חִזְקִי n.pr.m. a Benjamite 1 Ch 8:17
ref
H2395 חִזְקִי
2395 Chizqiy khiz-kee'
from 2388; strong; Chizki, an Israelite:--Hezeki.
see HEBREW for 02388
חִזְקִי (chiz.qi) — Hizki.
A man of the tribe of Benjamin living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.8.17;
son of: Elpaal (H0508);
brother of: Eber (H5677I), Misham (H4936), Shemed (H8106B), Beriah (H1283I), Shema (H8087I), Zebadiah (H2069H), Meshullam (H4918J), Heber (H2268J), Ishmerai (H3461), Izliah (H3152) and Jobab (H3103K)
§ Hezeki = "strong"
a Benjamite, descendant of Shaaraim
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
hiz'-ki (chizqi; Septuagint Azaki; the King James Version Hezeki): A son of Elpaal, a descendant of Benjamin (1Ch 8:17).
חֶ֫בֶר (chever) refers to several individuals in the Old Testament, including a Kenite husband of Jael, a man from the tribe of Asher, and members of the tribes of Judah and Benjamin. The name means 'comrade.' Notably, the Kenite Heber is recognized for his role in the story of Sisera's defeat. There are multiple figures named Heber, each with distinct genealogies.
חֶ֫בֶר, חֵ֫בֶר n.pr.m.
the Kenite, husband of Deborah
a man of Asher
name in Judah
a Benjamite
base
H2268 חֶ֫בֶר, חֵ֫בֶר . the Kenite, husband of Deborah
. a man of Asher
. name in Judah
. a Benjamite
2268 Cheber kheh'-ber
the same as 2267; community; Cheber, the name of a Kenite and
of three Israelites:--Heber.
see HEBREW for 02267
חֶ֫בֶר (che.ver) — Heber.
A man of the tribe of Asher living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Gen.46.17;
son of: Beriah (H1283);
brother of: Malchiel (H4439);
father of: Japhlet (H3310), Shomer (H7763H), Hotham (H2369) and Shua (H7774)
Also named: chev.ri (חֶבְרִי "Heberite" H2277)
§ Heber = "comrade"
1) the Kenite, husband of Jael, who slew Sisera by driving a nail into his temple
2) grandson of Asher from whom came the Heberites
3) father of Socho, a Judahite
4) a Benjamite
5) another Benjamite
6) a Gadite
חֶ֫בֶר (che.ver) — Heber.
A man living before Israel's Monarchy, first mentioned at Jdg.4.11; married to Jael (H3278)
§ Heber = "comrade"
1) the Kenite, husband of Jael, who slew Sisera by driving a nail into his temple
2) grandson of Asher from whom came the Heberites
3) father of Socho, a Judahite
4) a Benjamite
5) another Benjamite
6) a Gadite
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
he'-ber (chebher, "associate" or, possibly, "enchanter"; Eber): A name occurring several times in the Old Testament as the name of an individual or of a clan.
(1) A member of the tribe of Asher and son of Beraiah (Ge 46:17; Nu 26:45; 1Ch 7:31 f).
(2) A Kenite, husband of Jael, who deceptively slew Sisera, captain of the army of Jabin, a Canaanite king (Jud 4:17; 5:24). He had separated himself from the main body of the Kenites, which accounts for his tent being near Kedesh, the place of Sisera's disastrous battle (Jud 4:11).
Heber
Passing over. (1.) Son of Beriah and grandson of Asher (Gen. 46:17; 1 Chr. 7:31, 32).
(2.) The Kenite (Judg. 4:11, 17; 5:24), a descendant of Hobab. His wife Jael received Sisera (q.v.) into her tent and then killed him.
(alliance). Grandson of the patriarch Asher, (Genesis 46:17; Numbers 26:45; 1 Chronicles 7:31) from whom came the Heberites. (Numbers 26:45) The patriarch Eber. (Luke 3:35) [EBER] The father of Socho; a Judite. (1 Chronicles 4:18) A Benjamite. (1 Chronicles 8:17) A Benjamite. (1 Chronicles 8:22) A Gadite. (1 Chronicles 5:13) The husband of Jael, who slew Sisera by driving a nail into his temple. (