2 Samuel 3:4 — Word Study
WLCוְהָרְבִיעִ֖י אֲדֹנִיָּ֣ה בֶן־ חַגִּ֑ית וְהַחֲמִישִׁ֖י שְׁפַטְיָ֥ה בֶן־ אֲבִיטָֽל׃
BSAhis fourthrᵉbîyʻîy was AdonijahʼĂdônîyâh [a son of David, a name meaning my Lord is Yahweh] the sonbên [a descendant, offspring] of HaggithChaggîyth [a wife of King David, meaning festive] his fifthchămîyshîy was ShephatiahShᵉphaṭyâh [a son of David, a name meaning Yahweh has judged] the sonbên [a descendant, offspring] of AbitalʼĂbîyṭâl [a wife of King David, meaning my father is dew]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְהָרְבִיעִ֖י | and [was] the fourth | Conjunction, particle |
| אֲדֹנִיָּ֣ה | Adonijah | Noun proper masculine |
| בֶן־ | [the] son of | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| חַגִּ֑ית | Haggith | Noun proper feminine |
| וְהַחֲמִישִׁ֖י | and [was] the fifth | Conjunction, particle |
| שְׁפַטְיָ֥ה | Shephatiah | Noun proper masculine |
| בֶן־ | [the] son of | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| אֲבִיטָֽל׃ | Abital | Noun proper feminine |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | his fourth was Adonijah, the son of Haggith; his fifth was Shephatiah, the son of Abital; |
| KJV | And the fourth, Adonijah the son of Haggith; and the fifth, Shephatiah the son of Abital; |
| ASV | and the fourth, Adonijah the son of Haggith; and the fifth, Shephatiah the son of Abital; |
| YLT | and the fourth [is] Adonijah son of Haggith, and the fifth [is] Shephatiah son of Abital, |
| WEB | and the fourth, Adonijah the son of Haggith; and the fifth, Shephatiah the son of Abital; |
| BBE | And the fourth, Adonijah, the son of Haggith; and the fifth, Shephatiah, the son of Abital; |
Where they part company is in the inclusion of the meanings of the names.
The sentence consists of a main clause followed by descriptive phrases, clearly outlining the lineage of David's sons.
6 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Trapp, Ellicott & more — read them ›
clause
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 2 Samuel 3:4
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Sons of Davidgenerated
2 Samuel 3:4 identifies two of King David's sons, Adonijah and Shephatiah, along with their mothers. This verse highlights the familial ties and the significance of lineage in the context of Israel's monarchy. The mention of their mothers, Haggith and Abital, provides insight into David's relationships and the heritage of his offspring, which is further elaborated in the genealogical records found in 1 Kings 1:5–18 and 1 Kings 2:13–25.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 Kings 1:5–18 | At that time Adonijah, David’s son by Haggith, began to exalt himself, saying, “I will be king!” And he acquired chariots and horsemen and fifty men to run ahead of him. |
| 2 | 1 Kings 2:13–25 | Now Adonijah son of Haggith went to Bathsheba the mother of Solomon, and she asked, “Do you come in peace?” “Yes, in peace,” he replied. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 2 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — אֲדֹנִיָּה, 'a.do.ni.Yahgenerated
The name אֲדֹנִיָּה (Adoniyah) means 'my lord is Yahweh' and is derived from the roots for 'lord' and 'Yah', indicating a connection to divinity. This name was given to several individuals in the Old Testament, notably a son of David who attempted to claim the throne.
In this verse, Adonijah's placement as the fourth son emphasizes his position in David's lineage, which is significant in the context of royal succession. The use of the name reflects both familial identity and the theological implications of kingship in Israel.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb is implied in the structure, with the phrase וְהָרְבִיעִ֖י (and the fourth) leading the sentence. This establishes a clear order in listing David's sons.
The sentence is structured with noun phrases that describe each son and their respective mothers, indicating a genealogical format that is common in biblical texts. The use of conjunctions connects each phrase, showing the familial relationships succinctly.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates וְהָרְבִיעִ֖י as τέταρτος (tetartos), meaning 'fourth'. This choice reflects a direct correspondence to the ordinal number in Hebrew, maintaining the same order and significance.
The translation of אֲדֹנִיָּה as ορνια does not carry the same meaning as the Hebrew, indicating a potential divergence in interpretation or understanding of the name's significance.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
2 Samuel 3:4 lists two of King David's sons: Adonijah, the fourth son, and Shephatiah, the fifth son. It notes their mothers, Haggith and Abital, respectively, showing the importance of lineage in David's family.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Adonijah means 'my lord is Yahweh' and is associated with several figures in the Old Testament, including a son of King David.
The lineage is significant as it establishes the royal line and the claims to the throne in Israel's history.
Adonijah's mother was Haggith, and Shephatiah's mother was Abital, both of whom were wives of King David.
Genealogies in the Bible provide insight into family relationships, heritage, and the fulfillment of God's promises through specific lineages.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What does the name Adonijah tell us about his identity and significance in David's family?
- How do the names of David's sons reflect the cultural and religious beliefs of their time?
- In what ways do genealogies in the Bible help us understand the unfolding of God's plan?
- How can we apply the lessons of lineage and heritage in our own lives today?
Commentators on this verse — 6 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 2 Samuel 3:4 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd the fourth, Adonijah the son of Haggith,.... The same that usurped the throne before his father's death, to anticipate Solomon, and died by his order, 1 Kings 1:5; and the fifth, Shephatiah the
Read John Gill on 2 Samuel 3 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd the fourth, Adonijah the son of Haggith; and the fifth, Shephatiah the son of Abital; No JFB commentary on this verse.
Read Robert Jamieson on 2 Samuel 3 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments2 Samuel 3:4 And the fourth, Adonijah the son of Haggith; and the fifth, Shephatiah the son of Abital;Ver. 4. And the fourth, Adonijah.] This also was one of David’ s tres vomicae, tria carcinomata, imposthumated ulcers, as Augustus called his three untoward daughters. And the fifth, Shephatiah the son of Abital.] By six wives he had but six sons. God was not pleased with his polygamy. Erasmus telleth of one Combe, a woman of Eubaea, who brought her husband a hundred children: and of another, an English woman, who, being blind, and married to a poor cripple, was blessed with twelve lusty sons, no way deformed or defective. Eras. Chil. De Instit. Matr.
Read John Trapp on 2 Samuel 3 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(2-5) And unto David.—The list of David’s sons born during his seven and a half years’ reign in Hebron rather interrupts the continuity of the narrative, but is quite in accordance with the habit of the sacred historians to insert at the beginning or at some turning point in each reign statistics about the house or family of the king. (See 1 Samuel 14:49-51; 2 Samuel 5:13; 1 Kings 3:1; 1 Kings 14:21; 1 Kings 15:2; 1 Kings 15:9, &c.) Amnon.—Written “Aminon” in 2 Samuel 13:20. His great crime and miserable end are related in 2 Samuel 13. Chileab.—Called “Daniel” in 1 Chronicles 3:1. None of the attempts to explain these as two forms of the same name have been successful. Either, therefore…
Read Charles John Ellicott on 2 Samuel 3 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges4. Adonijah] Who made an ill return for his father’s indulgence (1 Kings 1:6) by setting up a rival claim to the throne in opposition to Solomon, in which he was supported by Joab and Abiathar (1 Kings 1:5 ff.). He was pardoned at the time, but shortly afterwards put to death for preferring a request which, viewed in the light of Oriental customs, was tantamount to repeated treason. Thus three of the six sons born to David in Hebron attained an unenviable notoriety; the remaining three, who are not mentioned again in the history, are happy in their obscurity.
Read Cambridge on 2 Samuel 3 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleAdonijah - The same who, when David was dying, aspired to the crown, and was put to death by Solomon.
Read Albert Barnes on 2 Samuel 3 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
his fourth was Adonijah, the son of Haggith; his fifth was Shephatiah, the son of Abital;
and the fourth, Adonijah the son of Haggith; and the fifth, Shephatiah the son of Abital;
his fourth was Adonijah, the son of Haggith; his fifth was Shephatiah, the son of Abital;
His fourth son was Adonijah, the son of Haggith. His fifth son was Shephatiah, the son of Abitail.
Tyndale line
And the fourth, Adonijah the son of Haggith; and the fifth, Shephatiah the son of Abital;
and the fourth, Adonijah the son of Haggith; and the fifth, Shephatiah the son of Abital;
and the fourth, Adonijah the son of Haggith; and the fifth, Shephatiah the son of Abital;
And the fourth, Adonijah the son of Haggith; and the fifth, Shephatiah the son of Abital;
And the fourth, Adoniiah the sonne of Haggith, and the fifth, Shephatiah the sonne of Abital,
Strictly literal
and the fourth, Adonijah the son of Haggith; and the fifth, Shephatiah the son of Abital;
and the fourth [is] Adonijah son of Haggith, and the fifth [is] Shephatiah son of Abital,
and the fourth [is] Adonijah son of Haggith, and the fifth [is] Shephatiah son of Abital,
And the fourth, Adoniyah, the son of Chaggith; and the fifth, Shephatyah, the son of Abital;
David's fourth son, Adonijah, was the son of Haggith. His fifth son was Shephatiah son of Abital,
From the Latin
And the fourth Adonias, the son of Haggith: and the fifth Saphathia the son of Abital:
Simplified
Adonijah (fourth), by Haggith; Shephatiah (fifth), by Abital;
And the fourth, Adonijah, the son of Haggith; and the fifth, Shephatiah, the son of Abital;
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree in the naming of Adonijah and Shephatiah, with the same order and structure. The Dead Sea Scrolls fragment contains most of the verse but has some words restored, indicating that it aligns closely with the Masoretic Text.
וְהָרְבִיעִ֖י אֲדֹנִיָּ֣ה בֶן־ חַגִּ֑ית וְהַחֲמִישִׁ֖י שְׁפַטְיָ֥ה בֶן־ אֲבִיטָֽל׃
8 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
והרביעי [אדניה] [בן] חגית והחמישי שפטיה לאביטל
7 words of the verse are on this fragment — 2 partly restored, 2 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 2 Samuel 3:4
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
רְבִיעִי (rbiy`iy) means 'fourth' and can also refer to a 'fourth part' or describe something as 'foursquare.' It is derived from the root word for 'four' and has both masculine and feminine forms. The term appears in contexts where ordinal numbers are used.
רְבִיעִי m., רְבִיעִית f., adj.num.ordin. fourth
base
H7243 רְבִיעִי, רְבִיעִית fourth
7243 rbiy`iy reb-ee-ee'
or rbiiy {reb-ee-ee'}; from 7251; fourth; also
(fractionally) a fourth:--foursquare, fourth (part).
see HEBREW for 07251
רְבִיעִי (re.vi.i) — fourth.
1) fourth
1a) fourth
1b) four square
1c) fourth part
Aramaic equivalent: re.vi.ay (רְבִיעִי "fourth" H7244)
Conj | Art | Adj — Conjunction · particleHC/Td/Aomsa
אֲדֹנִיָּ֫הוּ (Adoniyah) means "my lord is Jehovah" and refers to a name associated with three Israelites, including David's fourth son who sought the throne. The entries note his roles as a Levite and a chief during different periods, including the United Monarchy and the Exile and Return.
אֲדֹנִיָּ֫הוּ (אֲדֹיִּנָה) n.pr.m. (my Lord is Yahweh)
fourth son of David
a Levite
a chief of the people
base
H138 אֲדֹנִיָּ֫הוּ, אֲדֹיִּנָה
138 'Adoniyah ad-o-nee-yaw'
original (prolonged) dAdoniyahuw {ad-o-nee- yaw'-hoo}; from
113 and 3050; lord (i.e. worshipper) of Jah; Adonijah, the
name of three Israelites:--Adonijah.
see HEBREW for 0113
see HEBREW for 03050
אֲדֹנִיָּ֫הוּ (a.do.niy.yah) — Adonijah.
A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.3.4;
son of: David (H1732) and Haggith (H2294);
half-brother of: Amnon (H0550), Chileab (H3609), Absalom (H0053), Shephatiah (H8203), Ithream (H3507), Shammua (H8051H), Shobab (H7727), Nathan (H5416), Solomon (H8010), Ibhar (H2984), Elishua (H0474), Nepheg (H5298H), Japhia (H3309I), Elishama (H0476H), Eliada (H0450), Eliphelet (H0467), Tamar (H8559H), Elpelet (H0467I), Nogah (H5052) and Jerimoth (H3406N)
§ Adonijah = "my lord is Jehovah"
1) fourth son of David and Solomon's rival for the throne
2) Levite sent by Jehoshaphat to teach the Law
3) a chief of the people who co-operated with Nehemiah
אֲדֹנִיָּ֫הוּ (a.do.niy.yah) — Adonijah.
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 2Ch.17.8
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
ad-o-ni'-ja ('adhoniyahu or 'adhoniyah, "my lord is Yahweh"):
(1) The son of David and Haggith, the forth of David's sons, born in Hebron after David became king of Judah, principally known for his attempt to become king instead of Solomon (2Sa 3:4; 1Ch 3:2; 1Ki 1,2). The record gives no details concerning Chileab, the son of David and Abigail. Leaving him out, Adonijah was the oldest living son of David, after the death of Amnon and Absalom.
In treating the record it has been needlessly obscured by neglecting or distorting the time data. It says that the rebellion of Absalom broke out "at an end of forty years" (2Sa 15:7). The natural meaning is not forty years after the last-mentioned preceding date, but at the close of the…
Adonijah
My Lord is Jehovah. (1.) The fourth son of David (2 Sam. 3:4). After the death of his elder brothers, Amnon and Absalom, he became heir-apparent to the throne. But Solomon, a younger brother, was preferred to him. Adonijah, however, when his father was dying, caused himself to be proclaimed king. But Nathan and Bathsheba induced David to give orders that Solomon should at once be proclaimed and admitted to the throne. Adonijah fled and took refuge at the altar, and received pardon for his conduct from Solomon on the condition that he showed himself “a worthy man” (1 Kings 1:5-53). He afterwards made a second attempt to gain the throne, but was seized and put to death (1 Kings 2:13-25).
(my Lord is Jehovah). The fourth son of David by Haggith, born at Hebron while his father was king of Judah. (2 Samuel 3:4) (B.C. about 1050.) After the death of his three brothers, Amnon, Chileab and Absalom, he became eldest son; and when his father’s strength was visibly declining, put forward his pretensions to the crown. Adonijah’s cause was espoused by Abiathar and by Joab the famous commander of David’s army. [JOAB] His name and influence secured a large number of followers among the captains of the royal army belonging to the tribe of Judah, comp. (1 Kings 1:5) and these, together with all the princes except Solomon, were entertained by Adonijah at the great sacrificial feast held "by the stone Zoheleth, which is by En-rogel." [EN-ROGEL] Apprised of these proceedings, David…
The fourth son of David, by Haggith, 2Sa 3:4. After the death of Amnon and Absalom, he aspired to the throne, although it was promised to Solomon, his younger brother. Having gained over Joab and Abiathar and other adherents, he at length openly revolted and claimed the crown while David was yet living. The news of this revolt being brought to the king at once; upon which the friends of Adonijah dispersed, and he took refuge at the horns of the altar. Solomon dismissed him with only an admonition. But soon after the death of David, he applied for the hand of Abishag, thus renewing his pretensions to the throne, for which he was put to death, 1Ki 1:1-2:46.
בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'male child' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including descendants, young animals, and even figurative uses like sparks or arrows. It can refer to members of a tribe or class and is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, such as in 1 Chronicles 24:26. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to build' and implies a connection to family or lineage.
בֵּן 4870 n.m. son
son, male child, born of a woman
children (male and female)
youth, young men
the young of animals
of plant shoots
fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
member of a guild, order or class
of animals son of (the) herd
ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
n. relat. of age
base
בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 27 as n.pr.m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.
done
H1121a בֵּן son . son, male child, born of a woman
. children (male and female)
. youth, young men
. the young of animals
. of plant shoots
. fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
. . member of a guild, order or class
. of animals son of (the) herd
. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
. n. relat. of age
H1121b בְּנוֹ as n. pr. m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son
1121 ben bane
from 1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the
widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship,
including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,
etc., (like 1, 251, etc.)):--+ afflicted, age, (Ahoh-)
(Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to,
(+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born,
bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X
came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of
first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, +
kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+)
people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, +
spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous
one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.
see HEBREW for 01129
see HEBREW for 01
see HEBREW for 0251
בֵּן (ben) — son: child.
: child/son
בְּנוֹ (be.no) — Beno.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.24.26;
son of: Jaaziah (H3269);
brother of: Shoham (H7719), Zaccur (H2139I) and Ibri (H5681)
§ Beno = "his son"
the sons of Jaaziah and the sons of Merari by Jaahziah (his son)
בֵּן (ben) — son: descendant/people.
: descendant, people, tribe, nation
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : child/son
בֵּן (ben) — son: young animal.
: calf/lamb/young(ANIMAL)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : descendant
בֵּן (ben) — son: type of.
: rebel/son(Belial)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : people/men/nation/tribe
בֵּן (ben) — son.
: [inheriting]son/heir
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
בֵּן (ben) — son: warrior.
: warrior/son(strong)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
חַגִּית (Chaggiyith) is a feminine noun meaning 'festive.' It refers specifically to Haggith, a wife of King David and the mother of Adonijah, mentioned in 2 Samuel 3:4. The word is derived from a root associated with festivity, highlighting a celebratory aspect.
חַגִּית n.pr.f. (festal) wife of David and mother of Adonijah
base
H2294 חַגִּית
2294 Chaggiyith khag-gheeth'
feminine of 2291; festive; Chaggith, a wife of
David:--Haggith.
see HEBREW for 02291
חַגִּית (chag.git) — Haggith.
A woman living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.3.4; married to David (H1732);
mother of: Adonijah (H0138)
§ Haggith = "festive"
a wife of David and mother of Adonijah
N-proper — Noun proper feminineHNpf
Haggith
Festive; the dancer, a wife of David and the mother of Adonijah (2 Sam. 3:4; 1 Kings 1:5, 11; 2:13; 1 Chr. 3:2), who, like Absalom, was famed for his beauty.
(festive; a dancer), one of David’s wives, the mother of Adonijah. (2 Samuel 3:4; 1 Kings 1:6) (B.C. 1053.)
rejoicing
חֲמִישִׁי (chamiyshiy) means 'fifth' and serves as an ordinal number indicating the position of five. It can also refer to a fifth part. The word is derived from a root associated with the number five, as noted in various lexicons.
חֲמִישִׁי m., חֲמִישִׁית f.adj.num.ordin. fifth
base
H2549 חֲמִישִׁי, חֲמִישִׁית fifth
2549 chamiyshiy kham-ee-shee'
or chamishshiy {kham-ish-shee'}; ord. from 2568; fifth; also
a fifth:--fifth (part).
see HEBREW for 02568
חֲמִישִׁי (cha.mi.shi) — fifth.
ordinal number, 5th
Conj | Art | Adj — Conjunction · particleHC/Td/Aomsa
שְׁפַטְיָה (Shphatyah) means 'Jehovah has judged' and refers to several individuals in the Old Testament, particularly a son of King David and various heads of families returning from Babylon. The name is built from the roots meaning 'to judge' and 'Yah' (God). It appears in contexts related to the United Monarchy and the Exile, with specific mentions in 2 Samuel and 1 Chronicles.
שְׁפַטְיָה(וּ) n.pr.m. (י׳ hath judged, vindicated)
יָה:
fifth son of David
contemp. of Jerem.
man of Judah
chiefs of families of restoration
Benjamite
יָהוּ:
son of Jehosh.
hero of David
Simeonite
base
H8203 שְׁפַטְיָה(וּ), שְׁפַטְיָה, שְׁפַטְיָהוּ
8203 Shphatyah shef-at-yaw'
or Shphatyahuw {shef-at-yaw'-hoo}; from 8199 and 3050; Jah
has judged; Shephatjah, the name of ten Israelites:--
Shephatiah.
see HEBREW for 08199
see HEBREW for 03050
שְׁפַטְיָהוּ (she.phat.yah) — Shephatiah.
A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.3.4;
son of: David (H1732) and Abital (H0037);
half-brother of: Amnon (H0550), Chileab (H3609), Absalom (H0053), Adonijah (H0138), Ithream (H3507), Shammua (H8051H), Shobab (H7727), Nathan (H5416), Solomon (H8010), Ibhar (H2984), Elishua (H0474), Nepheg (H5298H), Japhia (H3309I), Elishama (H0476H), Eliada (H0450), Eliphelet (H0467), Tamar (H8559H), Elpelet (H0467I), Nogah (H5052) and Jerimoth (H3406N)
§ Shephatiah = "Jehovah has judged"
1) a son of David by Abital; David's 5th son
2) head of a family of exiles returning from Babylon with Zerubbabel
3) another head of a family of exiles returning from Babylon with Zerubbabel
4) a Judaite, son of Mahalaleel and father of Amariah
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
Shephatiah
Judged of the Lord. (1.) A son of David by Abital (2 Sam. 3:4).
(2.) A Benjamite who joined David at Ziklag (1 Chr. 12:5).
(3.) A Simeonite prince in David’s time (1 Chr. 27:16).
(4.) One of Jehoshaphat’s sons (2 Chr. 21:2).
(5.) Ezra 2:4.
(7.) One of the princes who urged the putting of Jeremiah to death (Jer. 38:1-4).
(judged by Jehovah). The fifth son of David. (2 Samuel 3:4; 1 Chronicles 3:3) (B.C. about 1050.) The family of Shephatiah, 372 in number, returned with Zerubbabel. (Ezra 2:4; Nehemiah 7:9) see also Ezra 8:8 (B.C. 536.) The family of another Shephatiah, who came up with Zerubbabel. (Ezra 2:4) A descendant of Judah. (Nehemiah 11:4) One of the princes of Judah who counselled Zedekiah to put Jeremiah in the dungeon. (Jeremiah 38:1) (B.C. 589.) One of the Benjamite warriors…
בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'male child' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including descendants, young animals, and even figurative uses like sparks or arrows. It can refer to members of a tribe or class and is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, such as in 1 Chronicles 24:26. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to build' and implies a connection to family or lineage.
בֵּן 4870 n.m. son
son, male child, born of a woman
children (male and female)
youth, young men
the young of animals
of plant shoots
fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
member of a guild, order or class
of animals son of (the) herd
ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
n. relat. of age
base
בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 27 as n.pr.m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.
done
H1121a בֵּן son . son, male child, born of a woman
. children (male and female)
. youth, young men
. the young of animals
. of plant shoots
. fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
. . member of a guild, order or class
. of animals son of (the) herd
. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
. n. relat. of age
H1121b בְּנוֹ as n. pr. m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son
1121 ben bane
from 1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the
widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship,
including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,
etc., (like 1, 251, etc.)):--+ afflicted, age, (Ahoh-)
(Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to,
(+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born,
bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X
came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of
first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, +
kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+)
people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, +
spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous
one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.
see HEBREW for 01129
see HEBREW for 01
see HEBREW for 0251
בֵּן (ben) — son: child.
: child/son
בְּנוֹ (be.no) — Beno.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.24.26;
son of: Jaaziah (H3269);
brother of: Shoham (H7719), Zaccur (H2139I) and Ibri (H5681)
§ Beno = "his son"
the sons of Jaaziah and the sons of Merari by Jaahziah (his son)
בֵּן (ben) — son: descendant/people.
: descendant, people, tribe, nation
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : child/son
בֵּן (ben) — son: young animal.
: calf/lamb/young(ANIMAL)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : descendant
בֵּן (ben) — son: type of.
: rebel/son(Belial)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : people/men/nation/tribe
בֵּן (ben) — son.
: [inheriting]son/heir
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
בֵּן (ben) — son: warrior.
: warrior/son(strong)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
אֲבִיטָ֑ל (Abiytal) refers to a woman mentioned in the Old Testament, specifically as a wife of King David and the mother of Shephatiah. The name is interpreted as meaning 'my father is (the) dew.' It appears in 2 Samuel 3:4 and 1 Chronicles 3:3.
אֲבִיטָ֑ל n.pr.f. (my father is (the) dew) a wife of David 2 S 3:4 1 Ch 3:3.
done
H37 אֲבִיטָ֑ל
37 'Abiytal ab-ee-tal'
from 1 and 2919; father of dew (i.e. fresh); Abital, a wife
of King David:--Abital.
see HEBREW for 01
see HEBREW for 02919
אֲבִיטָ֑ל (a.vi.tal) — Abital.
A woman living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.3.4; married to David (H1732);
mother of: Shephatiah (H8203)
§ Abital = "my father is (the) dew"
a wife of David
N-proper — Noun proper feminineHNpf
Abital
Father of dew; i.e., “fresh”, David’s fifth wife (2 Sam. 3:4).
(father of the dew), one of David’s wives. (2 Samuel 3:4; 1 Chronicles 3:3)
the father of the dew; or of the shadow