Daniel 2:21 — Word Study
WLCוְ֠הוּא מְהַשְׁנֵ֤א עִדָּנַיָּא֙ וְזִמְנַיָּ֔א מְהַעְדֵּ֥ה מַלְכִ֖ין וּמְהָקֵ֣ים מַלְכִ֑ין יָהֵ֤ב חָכְמְתָא֙ לְחַכִּימִ֔ין וּמַנְדְּעָ֖א לְיָדְעֵ֥י בִינָֽה׃
BSA◂Hehûwʼ [the Sovereign God] changesshᵉnâʼ [alters, transforms] the timesʻiddân [seasons, epochs] and seasonszᵉmân [appointed periods, years] He removesʻădâʼ [takes away, deposes] kingsmelek [rulers, monarchs] and establishesqûwm [sets up, confirms] [them]melek He givesyᵉhab [grants, imparts] wisdomchokmâh [insight, discernment] to the wisechakkîym [intelligent, discerning ones] and knowledgemandaʻ [understanding, perception] to the discerningyᵉdaʻ [those who understand, have insight]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְ֠הוּא | and he | Conjunction, pronoun |
| מְהַשְׁנֵ֤א | [is] changing | Verb, Hiphil, participle (active) masculine singular |
| עִדָּנַיָּא֙ | times the | Noun common masculine plural determined, particle |
| וְזִמְנַיָּ֔א | and appointed times the | Conjunction, noun common masculine plural determined, particle |
| מְהַעְדֵּ֥ה | [he is] removing | Verb, Hiphil, participle (active) masculine singular |
| מַלְכִ֖ין | kings | Noun common, masculine plural absolute |
| וּמְהָקֵ֣ים | and [he is] setting up | Conjunction, verb hiphil participle (active) masculine singular |
| מַלְכִ֑ין | kings | Noun common, masculine plural absolute |
| יָהֵ֤ב | [he is] giving | Verb, Qal, participle (active) masculine singular |
| חָכְמְתָא֙ | wisdom | Noun common feminine singular determined, particle |
| לְחַכִּימִ֔ין | to wise men | Preposition |
| וּמַנְדְּעָ֖א | and understanding | Conjunction, noun common both singular determined, particle |
| לְיָדְעֵ֥י | to ones knowing | Preposition, verb qal participle (active) masculine plural common |
| בִינָֽה׃ | discernment | Noun common, feminine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | He changes the times and seasons; He removes kings and establishes them. He gives wisdom to the wise and knowledge to the discerning. |
| KJV | And he changeth the times and the seasons: he removeth kings, and setteth up kings: he giveth wisdom unto the wise, and knowledge to them that know understanding: |
| ASV | And he changeth the times and the seasons; he removeth kings, and setteth up kings; he giveth wisdom unto the wise, and knowledge to them that have understanding; |
| YLT | And He is changing times and seasons, He is causing kings to pass away, and He is raising up kings; He is giving wisdom to the wise, and knowledge to those possessing understanding. |
| WEB | He changes the times and the seasons. He removes kings and sets up kings. He gives wisdom to the wise, and knowledge to those who have understanding. |
| BBE | By him times and years are changed: by him kings are taken away and kings are lifted up: he gives wisdom to the wise, and knowledge to those whose minds are awake: |
Where they part company is in the nuances of the verbs used — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence has a main clause with two subordinate phrases detailing God's actions.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectהוּא
verbשׁנה
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
1 of 14 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Daniel 2:21
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Daniel's Praise for Divine Revelationgenerated
Daniel 2:21 is part of a larger narrative where Daniel praises God for revealing the meaning of King Nebuchadnezzar's dream. This acknowledgment emphasizes God's control over time and authority, as well as His ability to grant wisdom and knowledge to those who seek it. The surrounding verses highlight the contrast between human rulers and God's ultimate sovereignty.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Daniel 2:9 | If you do not tell me the dream, there is only one decree for you. You have conspired to speak before me false and fraudulent words, hoping the situation will change. Therefore tell me the dream, and I will know that you can give me its interpretation.” |
| 2 | Daniel 7:25 | He will speak out against the Most High and oppress the saints of the Most High, intending to change the appointed times and laws; and the saints will be given into his hand for a time, and times, and half a time. |
| 3 | Daniel 11:6 | After some years they will form an alliance, and the daughter of the king of the South will go to the king of the North to seal the agreement. But his daughter will not retain her position of power, nor will his strength endure. At that time she will be given up, along with her royal escort and her father and the one who supported her. |
| 4 | 1 Chronicles 29:30 | together with all the details of his reign, his might, and the circumstances that came upon him and Israel and all the kingdoms of the lands. |
| 5 | Esther 1:13 | Then the king consulted the wise men who knew the times, for it was customary for him to confer with the experts in law and justice. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 29 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — מְהַשְׁנֵ֤א, me.hash.Ne'generated
The word שׁנה (shana') means to change or alter. In this context, it describes God's active role in changing the times and seasons, indicating a transformation of circumstances or authority.
As a Hiphil participle, it emphasizes God's power to effect change actively. This is not merely a passive observation; it asserts God's sovereignty over the unfolding of history and the establishment of rulers.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The verse is rendered in the Berean Standard Bible as 'He changes the times and seasons; He removes kings and establishes them.' This wording is consistent across other translations like the KJV and ASV.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb מְהַשְׁנֵ֤א (changing) governs the entire verse, with multiple clauses detailing what God does: changing times, removing kings, establishing kings, and giving wisdom.
The structure emphasizes God's active role in both the temporal and spiritual realms, with each action linked to His sovereignty.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
In the Septuagint, the Hebrew מְהַשְׁנֵ֤א is rendered as ἀλλοιοῖ, which suggests a transformation or alteration. This choice reflects a broader interpretation of God's ability to change not just circumstances but also the essence of situations.
This translation aligns with the overall theme of God's sovereignty, emphasizing His power to effect profound changes in the world.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Daniel 2:21 tells us that God changes the times and seasons, removes and establishes kings, and gives wisdom and knowledge to those who seek understanding. This verse highlights God's sovereignty over all aspects of life.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It means that God has control over history and the unfolding of events, determining when things happen and how they progress.
God grants wisdom and knowledge to those who seek it, enabling them to understand His ways and the world around them.
This signifies God's ultimate authority over earthly rulers, showing that He can elevate or depose leaders according to His divine plan.
The verse illustrates God's control over time, authority, and the imparting of wisdom, reinforcing the belief that He governs all aspects of existence.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways have I seen God's hand at work in the changing circumstances of my life?
- How can I seek wisdom and understanding from God in my daily decisions?
- What does it mean for me to acknowledge God's sovereignty over leaders and authorities in my community?
- How can I share the wisdom I receive from God with others around me?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early Church Fathers referenced this verse to discuss God's sovereignty and the nature of His gifts, citing its implications for understanding divine authority.
Many other things may also be called gifts of God, such as riches and bodily strength, physical beauty and earthly power. These things are also given by God,Early Church Fathers on Daniel 2 →
Verse 21. "And it is He who changes times and seasons, who transfers kingdoms and establishes kingdoms." Let us not marvel, therefore, whenever we see kings and empires succeed one another,Early Church Fathers on Daniel 2 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Daniel 2:21 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd he changeth the times and the season,.... Not only of day and night, summer and winter, and times and seasons of prosperity and adversity; but all the changes and revolutions in states and
Read John Gill on Daniel 2 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd he changeth the times and the seasons: he removeth kings, and setteth up kings: he giveth wisdom unto the wise, and knowledge to them that know understanding: He changeth the times and the
Read Robert Jamieson on Daniel 2 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleGod made time; God made the sun, moon, and stars, the measure of time; he made the day and the night, and seasons of the year, yea, the revolutions and change of times; he can make bad times better, and turn night into day. He can make the sun go backward or stand still, as in Ahaz’ s and Joshua’ s time; it is the great part of God’ s power and prerogative to change times. Daniel here attributes that to God which heathens attributed to nature, which they deified, or to chance; seeing that God only, that made all by his power, doth rule, and sometimes overrule all by his providence.
Read Matthew Poole on Daniel 2 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsDaniel 2:21 And he changeth the times and the seasons: he removeth kings, and setteth up kings: he giveth wisdom unto the wise, and knowledge to them that know understanding:Ver. 21. He changeth the times and the seasons, &c.] And so showeth that strength is his, such as is irresistible. He removeth kings, &c.] As by the king’ s dream, Daniel was well advertised. He giveth wisdom unto the wise.] And so showeth that wisdom is his; since all the wisdom found in the creature is but a spark of his flame, a drop of his ocean.
Read John Trapp on Daniel 2 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(21) Changeth times—i.e., He orders the events which occur at different times and seasons. Daniel refers to the dream which had been recently revealed to him, in which the changes of future times and seasons were depicted in so marvellous a way. “Times” are opposed to “seasons,” as circumstances of time may be contrasted with epochs of time. (Comp. Daniel 7:12.) He removeth.—Comp. 1 Samuel 2:8. Wisdom . . .—Comp. Jeremiah 32:19. The wise—i.e., wise men generally. Wise men become what they are, not through their own study and natural ability, but by the grace and mercy of God.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Daniel 2 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 21. He changeth the times] Time, duration, succession are his, and under his dominion. It is in the course of his providence that one king is put down, and another raised up; and therefore he can distinctly tell what he has purposed to do in the great empires of the earth.
Read AdamClarke on Daniel 2 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges21. the times and the seasons] more exactly seasons and times; cf. Daniel 7:12; Acts 1:7; 1 Thessalonians 5:1. The meaning is, History does not move with the regularity of a clock: the order of things established at a given time is not necessarily permanent; it frequently happens that kings are overthrown and a new régime is established. he giveth wisdom, &c.] The doxology now assumes special reference to Daniel’s own case. As Joseph ascribed his skill in interpreting dreams to God (Genesis 40:8; Genesis 41:16), so Daniel acknowledges that He is the source of wisdom to those who possess it. know understanding] Cf. Proverbs 4:1.
Read Cambridge on Daniel 2 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleAnd he changeth the times and the seasons - The object of this is to assert the general control of God in reference to all changes which occur.
Read Albert Barnes on Daniel 2 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
He changes the times and seasons; He removes kings and establishes them. He gives wisdom to the wise and knowledge to the discerning.
He changes the times and the seasons. He removes kings and sets up kings. He gives wisdom to the wise, and knowledge to those who have understanding.
He changes the times and seasons; He removes kings and establishes them. He gives wisdom to the wise and knowledge to the discerning.
He changes times and seasons, deposing some kings and establishing others. He gives wisdom to the wise; he imparts knowledge to those with understanding;
Tyndale line
And he changeth the times and the seasons: he removeth kings, and setteth up kings: he giveth wisdom unto the wise, and knowledge to them that know understanding:
And he changeth the times and the seasons; he removeth kings, and setteth up kings; he giveth wisdom unto the wise, and knowledge to them that have understanding;
And he changeth the times and the seasons: he removeth kings, and setteth up kings: he giveth wisdom unto the wise, and knowledge to them that know understanding:
And he changeth the times and the seasons; he removeth kings, and setteth up kings; he giveth wisdom to the wise, and knowledge to them that know understanding:
And hee changeth the times and seasons: he taketh away kings: he setteth vp kings: he giueth wisedome vnto the wise, and vnderstanding to those that vnderstand.
Strictly literal
And it is he that changeth times and seasons; He deposeth kings, and setteth up kings; He giveth wisdom to the wise, And knowledge to them that know understanding.
And He is changing times and seasons, He is causing kings to pass away, and He is raising up kings; He is giving wisdom to the wise, and knowledge to those possessing understanding.
And He is changing times and seasons, He is causing kings to pass away, and He is raising up kings; He is giving wisdom to the wise, and knowledge to those possessing understanding.
And he changeth times and seasons; he removeth kings, and raiseth up kings: he giveth wisdom unto the wise, and knowledge to those that possess understanding.
He changes the times and seasons; he removes kings and places kings on their thrones. He gives wisdom to the wise and knowledge to those who have understanding.
From the Latin
And he changeth times and ages: taketh away kingdoms and establisheth them, giveth wisdom to the wise, and knowledge to them that have understanding.
Simplified
He is in charge of time and history. He removes kings, and he sets kings in place. He gives wisdom to make people wise; he gives knowledge to people so they can understand.
By him times and years are changed: by him kings are taken away and kings are lifted up: he gives wisdom to the wise, and knowledge to those whose minds are awake:
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Dead Sea Scrolls agree on the wording of this verse, with minor restorations in the scrolls. Both sources affirm the same key themes of God's authority and wisdom.
וְ֠הוּא מְהַשְׁנֵ֤א עִדָּנַיָּא֙ וְזִמְנַיָּ֔א מְהַעְדֵּ֥ה מַלְכִ֖ין וּמְהָקֵ֣ים מַלְכִ֑ין יָהֵ֤ב חָכְמְתָא֙ לְחַכִּימִ֔ין וּמַנְדְּעָ֖א לְיָדְעֵ֥י בִינָֽה׃
10 of the 14 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
והוא משנא עדני א וזמני א מהעדה מלכין ומהקים מלכין יהב חכמת א לחכימין ומנדע א לידעי בינה
15 words on the leather — 3 partly restored.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Daniel 2:21
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
הוּא is a pronoun meaning 'he,' 'she,' or 'it,' with variations in usage based on gender. It serves to emphasize or resume the subject, anticipate the subject, or affirm existence. The word appears in both masculine and feminine forms, with 14 occurrences for the masculine and 7 for the feminine.
הוּא 14 m. הִיא 7 f. pron. of 3s. he, she, it
base
H1932 הוּא, הִיא
1932 huw hoo
(Aramaic) or (feminine) hiyo (Aramaic) {he}; corresponding to
1931:--X are, it, this.
see HEBREW for 01931
הוּא (hu) — he/she/it.
1) he, she, it
1a) (emphasising and resuming subject)
1b)(anticipating subj)
1c) as demons pron
1d) (relative)
1e) (affirming existence)
Adj | Pron — Conjunction · pronounAC/Pp3ms
ha: The fifth letter of the Hebrew alphabet; transliterated in this Encyclopedia as "h." It came also to be used for the number 5. For name, etc., see ALPHABET.
שְׁנָא (shna') means to change or be altered, with various forms indicating different aspects of change, such as transformation or frustration. The word appears in Aramaic and is related to the Hebrew word for change, שָׁנָה (shanah). It encompasses a range of meanings from simple alteration to more complex transformations.
[שְׁנָא] vb. change
Pe. intrans. change, be changed
Pa. trans. change
Ithpa. be changed
Haph. trans. change, alter
base
H8133 שְׁנָא
8133 shna' shen-aw'
(Aramaic) corresponding to 8132:--alter, change, (be)
diverse.
see HEBREW for 08132
שְׁנָא (she.na) — to change.
1) to change, be altered, be changed
1a) (P'al) to change, be changed
1b) (Pael) to change, transform, frustrate
1b1) different (participle)
1c) (Ithpael) to be changed
1d) (Aphel) to change, alter
Adj — Verb · Hiphil · participle (active) masculine singularAVhrmsa
עִדָּן (iddan) refers to a set time or duration, specifically indicating a year. The entries consistently define it as a term for time, with a focus on both general duration and the specific measurement of a year.
עִדָּן n.m. time
base
H5732 עִדָּן
5732 `iddan id-dawn'
(Aramaic) from a root corresponding to that of 5708; a set
time; technically, a year:--time.
see HEBREW for 05708
עִדָּן (id.dan) — time.
1) time
1a) time (of duration)
1b) year
Adj | Art — Noun common masculine plural determined · particleANcmpd/Ta
זְמַן (zeman) refers to 'time' or a 'set time' and is derived from the related word זְמַן (zeman) in Hebrew. The entries indicate that it covers the concept of seasons and specific times, with its usage found in Aramaic contexts.
H2166 זְמַן, זְמָן
2166 zman zem-awn'
(Aramaic) from 2165; the same as 2165:--season, time.
see HEBREW for 02165
see HEBREW for 02165
זְמַן (ze.man) — time.
a set time, time, season
Aramaic of ze.man (זְמָ֑ן "time" H2165)
Adj | N-mp | Art — Conjunction · noun common masculine plural determined · particleAC/Ncmpd/Ta
עֲדָה (*ada'*) is a Hebrew verb meaning to pass on, pass away, or remove. It can be used in various forms, such as to pass over or to take away. The entries indicate that it has a range of meanings related to movement or transition, but there is no significant disagreement among the lexicons.
[עֲדָה] vb. pass on, away
Pe.
pass on, over
pass away
Haph. take away
base
H5709 עֲדָה, עֲדָא
5709 `ada' ad-aw'
(Aramaic) or adah (Aramaic) {ad-aw'}; corresponding to
5710:--alter, depart, pass (away), remove, take (away).
see HEBREW for 05710
עֲדָה (a.dah) — to pass on/over/away.
1) to pass on, pass away
1a)(P'al)
1a1) to pass on, pass over
1a2) to pass away
1b) (Aphel) to take away, remove, depose
Adj — Verb · Hiphil · participle (active) masculine singularAVhrmsa
מֶ֫לֶךְ (melek) means 'king' in Hebrew and is also noted in Aramaic. The entries confirm its singular meaning related to royalty, with no significant disagreement among the lexicons.
מֶ֫לֶךְ 178 n.m. king
base
H4430 מֶ֫לֶךְ
4430 melek meh'-lek
(Aramaic) corresponding to 4428; a king:--king, royal.
see HEBREW for 04428
מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) — king.
king
Aramaic of me.lekh (מֶ֫לֶךְ "king" H4428)
§ 1) king
Adj — Noun common · masculine plural absoluteANcmpa
of Judah and Israel. For the list see table at the end of this volume.
קוּם (qum) means to rise or stand, and encompasses a range of actions such as establishing, appointing, and enduring. It can denote both physical rising and figurative actions like coming on the scene or being made to stand. The entries reflect various grammatical forms, including P'al, Pael, Aphel, and Hophal, but do not present any significant disagreement among lexicographers.
[קוּם] vb. arise, stand
Pe.
lit. arise
fig. = come on the scene of history
arise (out of inaction), and build
stand
Pa. set up, establish an ordinance
Haph.
set up
lift up one side
establish
appoint
Hoph. be made to stand
base
H6966 קוּם
6966 quwm koom
(Aramaic) corresponding to 6965:--appoint, establish, make,
raise up self, (a-)rise (up), (make to) stand, set (up).
see HEBREW for 06965
קוּם (qum) — to stand: rise.
: rise/get_going
1) to arise, stand
1a) (P'al)
1a1) to arise from
1a2) to come on the scene (fig)
1a3) to arise (out of inaction)
1a4) to stand
1a5) to endure
1b) (Pael) to set up, establish
1c) (Aphel)
1c1) to set up
1c2) to lift up
1c3) to establish
1c4) to appoint
1d) (Hophal) to be made to stand
קוּם (qum) — to stand: raise.
: raise
1) to arise, stand
1a) (P'al)
1a1) to arise from
1a2) to come on the scene (fig)
1a3) to arise (out of inaction)
1a4) to stand
1a5) to endure
1b) (Pael) to set up, establish
1c) (Aphel)
1c1) to set up
1c2) to lift up
1c3) to establish
1c4) to appoint
1d) (Hophal) to be made to stand
קוּם (qum) — to stand: establish.
: establish/stand_firm/confirm/fulfill/fix
1) to arise, stand
1a) (P'al)
1a1) to arise from
1a2) to come on the scene (fig)
1a3) to arise (out of inaction)
1a4) to stand
1a5) to endure
1b) (Pael) to set up, establish
1c) (Aphel)
Adj | V-Hiphil — Conjunction · verb hiphil participle (active) masculine singularAC/Vhrmsa
מֶ֫לֶךְ (melek) means 'king' in Hebrew and is also noted in Aramaic. The entries confirm its singular meaning related to royalty, with no significant disagreement among the lexicons.
מֶ֫לֶךְ 178 n.m. king
base
H4430 מֶ֫לֶךְ
4430 melek meh'-lek
(Aramaic) corresponding to 4428; a king:--king, royal.
see HEBREW for 04428
מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) — king.
king
Aramaic of me.lekh (מֶ֫לֶךְ "king" H4428)
§ 1) king
Adj — Noun common · masculine plural absoluteANcmpa
of Judah and Israel. For the list see table at the end of this volume.
יְהַב (yhab) means to give or provide, and it can also imply laying foundations or being paid. It is derived from an Aramaic root and covers various forms, including giving, placing, and being given. The entries suggest a range of uses in contexts related to provision and payment.
יְהַב vb. give
Pe.
give
place, lay foundations
Pe‛îl, be given
Hithpe.
be given
be paid, of cost
base
H3052 יְהַב
3052 yhab yeh-hab'
(Aramaic) corresponding to 3051; -deliver, give, lay, +
prolong, pay, yield.
see HEBREW for 03051
יְהַב (ye.hav) — to give.
1) to give, provide
1a) (P'al)
1a1) to give
1a2) to place, lay (foundations)
1b) (Hithp'al)
1b1) to be given
1b2) to be paid
Adj — Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine singularAVqrmsa
חׇכְמָה (chokmah) means 'wisdom' in Hebrew. It is related to the Aramaic term for wisdom and is noted in various contexts within the Old Testament. The entries consistently define it as wisdom without significant disagreement among the lexicons.
חׇכְמָה n.f. wisdom
base
H2452 חׇכְמָה
2452 chokmah khok-maw'
(Aramaic) corresponding to 2451; wisdom:--wisdom.
see HEBREW for 02451
חׇכְמָה (chokh.mah) — wisdom.
wisdom
Aramaic of chokh.mah (חׇכְמָה "wisdom" H2451)
Adj | Art — Noun common feminine singular determined · particleANcfsd/Ta
wiz'-dum:
1. Linguistic
2. History
3. Religious Basis
4. Ideals
5. Teaching of Christ
6. Remainder of the New Testament
(1) James
(2) Paul
7. Hypostasis
LITERATURE
1. Linguistic:
In the Revised Version (British and American) the noun "wisdom" and its corresponding adjective and verb ("be wise," "act wisely," etc.) represent a variety of Hebrew words: bin (binah, and in the English Revised Version tebunah), sakhal (sekhel, sekhel), lebh (and in the English Revised Version labhabh), tushiyah (and in the English Revised Version Te`em, `ormah, piqqach. None of these, however, is of very frequent occurrence and by far the most common group is the verb chakham, with the adjective chakham, and the nouns chokhmah, chokhmoth, with something over 300 occurrences in the Old Testament (of which rather more than half are in Job, Proverbs, and Ecclesiastes). Cokhmah, accordingly, may be treated as the Hebrew…
חַכִּים (chakkiym) means 'wise' and refers to a wise man or a Magian. It is derived from a root associated with wisdom, specifically noted in Strong's H2449. The term appears in contexts that emphasize wisdom.
[חַכִּים] 14 n.m. wise man
base
H2445 חַכִּים
2445 chakkiym khak-keem'
(Aramaic) from a root corresponding to 2449; wise, i.e. a
Magian:--wise.
see HEBREW for 02449
חַכִּים (chak.kim) — wise.
wise man, wise
Adj | N-mp — PrepositionAR/Aampa
wiz'-men: In addition to the uses of "wise" specified in the article WISDOM, the adjective is employed occasionally as the technical description of men who are adepts in magic, divination, etc. (e.g. in Ge 41:8; Ex 7:11; Es 1:13; Da 2:27; 5:15). Naturally, however, in the ancient world the boundary between genuine knowledge and astrology, etc., was exceedingly vague, and it was never denied that real knowledge could be gained along lines that we know to be futile. So the initiation of Moses into all the wisdom of the Egyptians (Ac 7:22) or of Daniel into all the learning of the Chaldeans (
Wise men
Mentioned in Dan. 2:12 included three classes, (1) astrologers, (2) Chaldeans, and (3) soothsayers. The word in the original (hakamim) probably means “medicine men. In Chaldea medicine was only a branch of magic. The “wise men” of Matt. 2:7, who came from the East to Jerusalem, were magi from Persia or Arabia.
[MAGI]
→ Of Egypt Ge 41:8,24; Ex 7:11
→ Solomon 1Ki 4:29-34
מַנְדַּע (manda) is an Aramaic word meaning knowledge or the power of knowing. It corresponds to the Hebrew word מַדָּע (mad.da, H4093) and covers concepts like wisdom, intelligence, and understanding. The entries consistently emphasize its relation to knowledge without significant disagreement.
מַנְדַּע n.[m.] knowledge, power of knowing
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H4486 מַנְדַּע
4486 manda` man-dah'
(Aramaic) corresponding to 4093; wisdom or
intelligence:--knowledge, reason, understanding.
see HEBREW for 04093
מַנְדַּע (man.da) — knowledge.
knowledge, power of knowing
Aramaic of mad.da (מַדָּע "knowledge" H4093)
Adj | N-ms | Art — Conjunction · noun common both singular determined · particleAC/Ncbsd/Ta
יְדַע (yda) means 'to know' and encompasses various forms of knowledge and communication. It can refer to knowing something personally or causing someone else to know. The entries indicate its use in both Hebrew and Aramaic contexts, with a focus on the act of informing or teaching.
יְדַע vb. know
Pe. know
Haph. cause to know, inform
base
H3046 יְדַע
3046 yda` yed-ah'
(Aramaic) corresponding to 3045:--certify, know, make known,
teach.
see HEBREW for 03045
יְדַע (ye.da) — to know.
1) to know
1a) (P'al) to know
1b) (Aphel) to let someone know, communicate, inform, cause to know
Adj | V-Qal — Preposition · verb qal participle (active) masculine plural commonAR/Vqrmpc
בִּינָה n.f. understanding;—abs. Dn 2:21.
ref
H999 בִּינָה
999 biynah bee-naw'
(Aramaic) corresponding to 998:--knowledge.
see HEBREW for 0998
בִּינָה (bi.nah) — understanding.
understanding, discernment
Aramaic of bi.nah (בִּינָה "understanding" H0998)
ANcfsa — Noun common · feminine singular absoluteANcfsa