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Daniel 4:20 — Word Study

Depth

WLCאִֽילָנָא֙ דִּ֣י חֲזַ֔יְתָ דִּ֥י רְבָ֖ה וּתְקִ֑ף וְרוּמֵהּ֙ יִמְטֵ֣א לִשְׁמַיָּ֔א וַחֲזוֹתֵ֖הּ לְכָל־ אַרְעָֽא׃

BSAThe treeʼîylân you sawchăzâʼ [perceived, gazed upon] thatdîy the skyshâmayin [heaven, the atmosphere] the earthʼăraʻ [the world, the land]

Word
Listen & take awayDaniel 4
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 20 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration ('ar.'A') — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Daniel 4:20quick helps
In a sentenceDaniel describes a magnificent tree seen in a dream, symbolizing the king's greatness.
Who is speakingDaniel, interpreting a dream for King Nebuchadnezzar.
Where we areIn the context of a dream interpretation, where Daniel reveals the meaning behind the king's vision.
The hard wordאִֽילָנָא֙
Take awayThe imagery of the tree illustrates the king's power and the visibility of his reign.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Trapp, Ellicott & more — read them › clause verbמֶלֶךְ The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Daniel 4:20

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — Daniel's Interpretation of the King's Dreamgenerated

19For a time, Daniel, who was also known as Belteshazzar, was perplexed, and his thoughts alarmed him. So the king said, “Belteshazzar, do not let the dream or its interpretation alarm you.” “My lord,” replied Belteshazzar, “may the dream apply to those who hate you, and its interpretation to your enemies!
20The tree you saw that grew large and strong, whose top reached the sky and was visible to all the earth,
21whose foliage was beautiful and whose fruit was abundant, providing food for all, under which the beasts of the field lived, and in whose branches the birds of the air nested—
22you, O king, are that tree! For you have become great and strong; your greatness has grown to reach the sky, and your dominion extends to the ends of the earth.

Daniel 4:20 recounts a dream seen by King Nebuchadnezzar, where a great tree symbolizes his kingdom. Daniel interprets this vision, explaining that the tree represents the king's strength and the vastness of his dominion over the earth. This interpretation serves as a warning about pride and the consequences of failing to acknowledge God's sovereignty, as seen in the following verses where Daniel elaborates on the tree's significance.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Daniel 4:10–12In these visions of my mind as I was lying in bed, I saw this come to pass: There was a tree in the midst of the land, and its height was great.
2Ezekiel 31:3–16Look at Assyria, a cedar in Lebanon, with beautiful branches that shaded the forest. It towered on high; its top was among the clouds.

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 2 references, hung on the phrase they belong to

The tree that thou sawest, which grew, and was strong, whose height reached unto the heaven, and the sight thereof to all the earth;Daniel 4:10–12 Ezekiel 31:3–16

The Key Word אִֽילָנָא֙, 'i.la.Na'generated

The word אִילָן (iylan) simply means 'tree' in Hebrew, and it is often used to describe trees in various contexts, such as in the garden of Eden or the tree of life. This word conveys not just the physical presence of a tree but also its symbolic meaning in the biblical narrative.

In this verse, the tree represents the king's greatness and power, illustrating how his reign is vast and visible to all. The use of this word emphasizes the significance of the king's dominion and the grandeur of his kingdom.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The finite verb חֲזַ֔יְתָ (you saw) governs the entire verse, with several phrases elaborating on the tree's characteristics. The structure emphasizes the vision experienced by the king, leading to a detailed description of the tree's attributes.

The sentence flows from the action of seeing to the description of the tree, creating a vivid image of its grandeur and significance. The use of conjunctions and relative clauses connects the various elements, enhancing the overall clarity of the interpretation.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates אִֽילָן as δένδρον (dendron), which also means 'tree.' This choice aligns with the Hebrew meaning but may carry additional connotations in the Greek context, emphasizing the tree's role as a symbol of life and strength.

The translation of חֲזָה as εἶδες (eides) indicates a direct observation, reinforcing the personal experience of the king in witnessing the vision.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Daniel 4:20 describes a tree that grew large and strong, reaching high into the sky and visible to everyone on earth. This tree symbolizes King Nebuchadnezzar's power and dominion, illustrating how his reign is extensive and recognized by all.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does the tree represent in this verse?

The tree symbolizes King Nebuchadnezzar's greatness and the vastness of his kingdom, indicating his power and influence over the earth.

Why is the visibility of the tree significant?

The visibility of the tree signifies that the king's reign is recognized by all, highlighting the extent of his dominion and the impact of his rule.

How does this verse connect to the overall message of Daniel?

This verse illustrates the theme of divine authority and the consequences of pride, as Daniel interprets the dream to remind the king of his dependence on God.

What can we learn from the imagery of the tree?

The imagery of the tree serves as a reminder of the importance of humility and the recognition of God's sovereignty over all earthly powers.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. How does the symbolism of the tree relate to the concept of leadership and authority in your life?
  2. In what ways can you recognize and acknowledge God's sovereignty in your own circumstances?
  3. What lessons can you draw from the king's experience regarding pride and humility?
  4. How can the imagery of the tree inspire you to reflect on your own growth and influence in your community?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

Early Church Fathers reference this verse to discuss themes of pride and humility in leadership, drawing insights from Daniel's interpretation of the king's dream.

JeromeSt. Jerome, Commentary on Daniel, CHAPTER FOUR c. 347–420
Verse 20. "'The lofty and vigorous tree which thou sawest, the height of which reached the heavens...'" He explains the truth without insulting the king, so as to avoid appearing to charge the king with sinful pride,
Early Church Fathers on Daniel 4 →
Theodoret of CyrusCOMMENTARY ON Daniel 4:20-22 c. 393–460
Daniel’s wisdom is worth admiring: he did not say simply, the big tree, but grown to great size and strength—in other words, instead of being great from the beginning, you became great gradually,
Early Church Fathers on Daniel 4 →

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Daniel 4:20 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

The tree which thou sawest, e.] In these two verses is related part of the dream, which respects the flourishing estate of Nebuchadnezzar and his kingdom [See comments on Daniel 4:10], [See comments

Read John Gill on Daniel 4 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

The tree that thou sawest, which grew, and was strong, whose height reached unto the heaven, and the sight thereof to all the earth; The tree that thou sawest ... Whose leaves were fair, and the

Read Robert Jamieson on Daniel 4 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Daniel 4:20 The tree that thou sawest, which grew, and was strong, whose height reached unto the heaven, and the sight thereof to all the earth;Ver. 20. The tree that thou sawest.] See on Daniel 4:11.

Read John Trapp on Daniel 4 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(20) It should be noticed that both in this and in the following verse the description of the tree given in Daniel 4:11-12 is curtailed. It was observed that, on the contrary, there was an expansion of details in the interpretation of the former dream. (See Note on Daniel 4:23.)

Read Charles John Ellicott on Daniel 4 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 20. The tree that thou sawest] The dream is so fully interpreted in the following verses that it needs no comment.

Read AdamClarke on Daniel 4 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

19–27. Daniel’s interpretation of the dream.

Read Cambridge on Daniel 4 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

The tree that thou sawest ... - In these two verses Daniel refers to the leading circumstances respecting the tree as it appeared in the dream, without any allusion as yet to the order to cut it down.

Read Albert Barnes on Daniel 4 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

20-22. See Daniel 4:10-12, and for the greatness of Nebuchadnezzar’s empire, Introduction, III, 3, 4.

Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Daniel 4 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

The tree you saw that grew large and strong, whose top reached the sky and was visible to all the earth,

WEBWorld English Bible2000

The tree that you saw, which grew and was strong, whose height reached to the sky and its sight to all the earth;

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

The tree you saw that grew large and strong, whose top reached the sky and was visible to all the earth,

NETBNew English Translation2006

The tree that you saw that grew large and strong, whose top reached to the sky, and which could be seen in all the land,

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

The tree that thou sawest, which grew, and was strong, whose height reached unto the heaven, and the sight thereof to all the earth;

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

The tree that thou sawest, which grew, and was strong, whose height reached unto heaven, and the sight thereof to all the earth;

RVARevised Version, American1894

The tree that thou sawest, which grew, and was strong, whose height reached unto the heaven, and the sight thereof to all the earth;

NWBWebster's Bible1833

The tree that thou sawest, which grew, and was strong, whose hight reached to the heaven, and the sight of it to all the earth;

GNVGeneva Bible1599

Where as the King sawe a watchman, and an holy one, that came downe from heauen, and said, Hew downe the tree and destroy it, yet leaue the stumpe of the rootes thereof in the earth, and with a bande of yron and brasse binde it among the grasse of the fielde, and let it be wette with the dewe of heauen, and let his portion be with the beastes of the fielde, till seuen times passe ouer him,

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

The tree that thou sawest, which grew and was strong, whose height reached unto the heavens, and the sight of it to all the earth;

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

The tree that thou hast seen, that hath become great and strong, and its height doth reach to the heavens, and its vision to all the land,

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

The tree that you have seen, that has become great and strong, and its height reaches to the heavens, and its vision to all the land,

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

(4:17) The tree that thou hast seen, which grew, and was strong, the height of which reached unto the heaven, and which was visible to all the earth;

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

The tree that you saw—which grew and became strong, and whose top reached up to the heavens, and which could be seen to the ends of the whole earth—

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

And whereas the king saw a watcher, and a holy one come down from heaven, and say: Cut down the tree and destroy it, but leave the stump of the roots thereof in the earth, and let it be bound with iron and brass among the grass without, and let it be sprinkled with the dew of heaven, and let his feeding be with the wild beasts, till seven times pass over him.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

“The tree you saw was growing strong and tall, reaching high into the sky so it could be seen by everyone in the whole world.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

The tree which you saw, which became tall and strong, stretching up to heaven and seen from the ends of the earth;

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clausenoun phrasenoun phrasenoun phraseאִֽילָנָtheא֙treerelpדִּ֣יwhichclauseverbחֲזַ֔יְתָyou.sawrelpדִּ֥יwhichclauseclauseverbרְבָ֖הit.grew.greatוּandclauseverbתְקִ֑ףit.grew.strongוְandclausenoun phrase · subjectרוּמֵheightהּ֙itsverbיִמְטֵ֣אit.reachedprepositional phrase · prepositionalלִtonoun phraseשְׁמַיָּ֔theאheavensוַandclausenoun phrase · subjectחֲזוֹתֵ֖the.sightהּof.itprepositional phrase · predicateלְ[was].tonoun phraseכָלallnoun phraseאַרְעָֽtheאland

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text describes the tree as large and strong, with its top reaching the sky and visible to all the earth. The Septuagint, while it has a significant word-by-word correspondence with the Masoretic Text, does not provide a complete translation of this verse, leaving some details unspecified. Therefore, it is unclear if the Septuagint agrees or differs in meaning from the Masoretic Text in this instance. The Samaritan Pentateuch and the Dead Sea Scrolls do not provide additional information for this specific verse, so their agreement or disagreement with the Masoretic Text cannot be determined from the available witnesses.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

אִֽילָנָא֙ דִּ֣י חֲזַ֔יְתָ דִּ֥י רְבָ֖ה וּתְקִ֑ף וְרוּמֵהּ֙ יִמְטֵ֣א לִשְׁמַיָּ֔א וַחֲזוֹתֵ֖הּ לְכָל־ אַרְעָֽא׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
אִֽילָנָא֙ἣνדִּ֣יεἶδεςוּתְקִ֑ףἄγγελοςוְרוּמֵהּ֙τοῦיִמְטֵ֣אκυρίουלִשְׁמַיָּ֔אἐχᾶραιוַחֲזוֹתֵ֖הּδένδρονלְכָל־ἐκκόψαιאַרְעָֽא׃’’

9 of the 12 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Daniel 4:20אִילָןtree thetree theאִילָןדִּיwhichwhichדִּיחֲזָהyou sawyou sawחֲזָהדִּיwhichwhichדִּירְבָהit grew greit grew greatרְבָהתְּקֵףand it grewand it grew strתְּקֵףרוּםand height and height itsרוּםמְטָאit reachedit reachedמְטָאשָׁמַ֫יִןto heavens to heavens theשָׁמַ֫יִןחֲזוֹתand [the] sand [the] sightחֲזוֹתכֹּל[was] to al[was] to allכֹּלאֲרַעland theland theאֲרַעדָּאthisthisדָּארוּםto riseto riseרוּםחֲזָהto seeto seeחֲזָהאֵלוֹןElonElonאֵלוֹןחָזָהto seeto seeחָזָהרָבָהto multiplto multiplyרָבָהתָּקֵףto prevailto prevailתָּקֵףמָצָאto findto findמָצָאשָׁמַיheavenheavenשָׁמַיכֹּלallallכֹּלאֶ֫רֶץland: soilland: soilאֶ֫רֶץיְדַעto knowto knowיְדַעאֱלָהּgodgodאֱלָהּתְּקֵףto grow stto grow strongתְּקֵףרוּםheightheightרוּםחֲזוֹתvisibilityvisibilityחֲזוֹתגְּדַדגְּדַדעִקַּרrootrootעִקַּר
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Daniel 4:20

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

tree the which you saw which it grew great and it grew strong and height its it reached to heavens the and [the] sight of it [was] to all land the
אִֽילָנָא֙'i.la.Na' tree the H363 Noun common both singular determined · particle
6× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word simply means a tree, like the ones found in the garden of Eden in Genesis 2:9 or the tree of life in Revelation 22:2. It is often used in biblical descriptions of nature and creation.
Tyndale gloss
tree
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אִילָן (iylan) means 'tree' in Hebrew and is noted in Aramaic as well. The word is linked to the concept of a tree and is derived from a related term for 'terebinth.' The entries consistently define it as a tree without significant disagreement.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אִילָן n.m. tree

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H363 אִילָן

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

363 'iylan ee-lawn'

(Aramaic) corresponding to 356; a tree:--tree.

see HEBREW for 0356

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אִילָן (i.lan) — tree.

ram

Aramaic of a.yil (אַ֫יִל "terebinth" H0352D)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Adj | Art — Noun common both singular determined · particle
ANcbsd/Ta
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

tre.

See BOTANY.

Nave's Topical Bible

→ Of life Ge 2:9; 3:22,24; Re 22:14

→ Of knowledge Ge 2:9,17; 3:3-6,11,12,17

→ FIGURATIVE Ps 1:3; Jer 17:8

→ SYMBOLICAL Da 4:10-12

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
tree the which you saw which it grew great and it grew strong and height its it reached to heavens the and [the] sight of it [was] to all land the
דִּ֣יdi which H1768 Conjunction
345× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word is used as a relative conjunction, like 'that' or 'which', to connect ideas in sentences. It appears in Genesis and Exodus to describe relationships between people and things. The KJV translates it as 'that' or 'which'.
Tyndale gloss
that
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

דִּי (diy) is an Aramaic word meaning 'that,' functioning as a relative conjunction and a preposition in various contexts. It can indicate relationships such as 'who,' 'which,' or 'because,' and is used in adverbial phrases. The entries highlight its role in connecting clauses and marking possession.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

דִּי part. of relation, who, which, that, used also as mark of gen. and conj. that, because

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1768 דִּי

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1768 diy dee

(Aramaic) apparently for 1668; that, used as relative

conjunction, and especially (with a preposition) in adverbial

phrases; also as preposition of:--X as, but, for(-asmuch +), +

now, of, seeing, than, that, therefore, until, + what

(-soever), when, which, whom, whose.

see HEBREW for 01668

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

דִּי (di) — that.

part of relation

1) who, which, that

mark of genitive

2) that of, which belongs to, that

conj

3) that, because

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Adj — Conjunction
AC
tree the which you saw which it grew great and it grew strong and height its it reached to heavens the and [the] sight of it [was] to all land the
חֲזַ֔יְתָcha.Zay.ta you saw H2370 Verb · Qal · perfect second person masculine singular
31× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Chaza means to see or gaze, and can also mean to dream or seem. It is used to describe seeing something with your eyes or in a vision.
Amplified meaning
perceived, gazed upon
Tyndale gloss
to see
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

חֲזָה (chaza') means to see or behold, and can refer to witnessing something directly or perceiving it in a dream or vision. The word is built from a root that emphasizes the act of gazing or observing, and it covers meanings related to sight and customary appearances. It appears in contexts where vision or perception is significant.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

חֲזָה vb. see, behold

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2370 חֲזָה, חֲזָא

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2370 chaza' khaz-aw'

(Aramaic) or chazah (Aramaic) {khaz-aw'}; corresponding to

2372; to gaze upon; mentally to dream, be usual (i.e.

seem):--behold, have (a dream), see, be wont.

see HEBREW for 02372

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

חֲזָה (cha.zah) — to see.

1) to see, behold

1a)(P'al)

1a1) to see

1a2) to see, behold, witness

1a3) to behold (in a dream or vision)

1a4) customary, seemly (passive)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Adj — Verb · Qal · perfect second person masculine singular
AVqp2ms
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

so.

See TOOLS.

Smith's Bible Dictionary

Egyptian saws, so far as has yet been discovered, are single-handed. As is the case in modern Oriental saws, the teeth usually incline toward the handle, instead of away from it like ours. They have, in most cases, bronze blades, apparently attached to the handles by leathern thongs. No evidence exists of the use of the saw applied to stone in Egypt, but we read of sawn stones used in the temple. (1 Kings 7:9) The saws "under" or "in" which David is said to have placed his captives were of iron. The expression in (2 Samuel 12:31) does not necessarily imply torture, but the word "cut" in (1 Chronicles 20:3) can hardly be understood otherwise.

Nave's Topical Bible

→ Used as an instrument of torture 2Sa 12:31; Heb 11:37

→ Used for cutting stone 1Ki 7:9

→ FIGURATIVE Isa 10:15

tree the which you saw which it grew great and it grew strong and height its it reached to heavens the and [the] sight of it [was] to all land the
דִּ֥יdi which H1768 Conjunction
345× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word is used as a relative conjunction, like 'that' or 'which', to connect ideas in sentences. It appears in Genesis and Exodus to describe relationships between people and things. The KJV translates it as 'that' or 'which'.
Tyndale gloss
that
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

דִּי (diy) is an Aramaic word meaning 'that,' functioning as a relative conjunction and a preposition in various contexts. It can indicate relationships such as 'who,' 'which,' or 'because,' and is used in adverbial phrases. The entries highlight its role in connecting clauses and marking possession.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

דִּי part. of relation, who, which, that, used also as mark of gen. and conj. that, because

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1768 דִּי

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1768 diy dee

(Aramaic) apparently for 1668; that, used as relative

conjunction, and especially (with a preposition) in adverbial

phrases; also as preposition of:--X as, but, for(-asmuch +), +

now, of, seeing, than, that, therefore, until, + what

(-soever), when, which, whom, whose.

see HEBREW for 01668

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

דִּי (di) — that.

part of relation

1) who, which, that

mark of genitive

2) that of, which belongs to, that

conj

3) that, because

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
AC — Conjunction
AC
tree the which you saw which it grew great and it grew strong and height its it reached to heavens the and [the] sight of it [was] to all land the
רְבָ֖הre.Vah it grew great H7236 Verb · Qal · perfect third person masculine singular
6× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb means to grow or increase, like a person getting taller. It is used in the Bible to describe something or someone getting bigger or more important. The KJV translates it as grow or make great.
Tyndale gloss
to grow great
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רְבָה (rbah) means to grow great or to increase. It can refer to growing tall or large in the P'al form, while the Pael form indicates making something great. The word is linked to the Aramaic root corresponding to another Hebrew word, רָב (rav), which also conveys the idea of greatness.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

רְבָה vb. grow great

Pe. grow tall and large

Pa. make great

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7236 רְבָה

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7236 rbah reb-aw'

(Aramaic) corresponding to 7235:--make a great man, grow.

see HEBREW for 07235

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רְבָה (re.vah) — to grow great.

1) to grow great

1a) (P'al) to grow long, grow tall and large, grow great, increase

1b) (Pael) to make great

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
AVqp3ms — Verb · Qal · perfect third person masculine singular
AVqp3ms
tree the which you saw which it grew great and it grew strong and height its it reached to heavens the and [the] sight of it [was] to all land the
וּתְקִ֑ףu.te.Kif and it grew strong H8631 Conjunction · verb qal perfect third person masculine singular
5× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means to become strong or stubborn. It can describe someone growing in physical or emotional strength, but also becoming hardened or arrogant. It's used in various contexts, including descriptions of God's power and human relationships.
Tyndale gloss
to grow strong
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

תְּקֵף (tqeph) means to grow strong or to become mighty. It can refer to both a literal strengthening and a figurative hardening or arrogance. The verb has forms indicating both intransitive and causative actions, such as making something strong or firm.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[תְּקֵף] vb. grow strong

Pe. grow arrogant, of spirit of man

Pa. make strong, stringent

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H8631 תְּקֵף

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

8631 tqeph tek-afe'

(Aramaic) corresponding to 8630; to become (causatively,

make) mighty or (figuratively) obstinate:--make firm, harden,

be(-come) strong.

see HEBREW for 08630

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

תְּקֵף (te.qeph) — to grow strong.

1) to grow strong, be hardened

1a) (P'al)

1a1) to grow strong, be hardened

1a2) to grow arrogant (fig)

1b) (Pael) to make strong, make firm, make stringent

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
AC/Vqp3ms — Conjunction · verb qal perfect third person masculine singular
AC/Vqp3ms
tree the which you saw which it grew great and it grew strong and height its it reached to heavens the and [the] sight of it [was] to all land the
וְרוּמֵהּ֙ve.ru.Meh and height its H7314 Conjunction · noun common both singular construct · suffix
5× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means height or altitude, used to describe something lofty or elevated, like a mountain peak in the Bible.
Tyndale gloss
height
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רוּם (ruwm) means 'height' in Hebrew and is derived from an Aramaic root. The entries consistently define it as referring to altitude or height, with no significant disagreement among the lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[רוּם] n.m. height

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7314 רוּם

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7314 ruwm room

(Aramaic) from 7313; (literally) altitude:--height.

see HEBREW for 07313

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רוּם (rum) — height.

height

Aramaic of rum (רוּם "height" H7312)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
AC/Ncbsc/Sp3ms — Conjunction · noun common both singular construct · suffix
AC/Ncbsc/Sp3ms
tree the which you saw which it grew great and it grew strong and height its it reached to heavens the and [the] sight of it [was] to all land the
יִמְטֵ֣אyim.Te' it reached H4291 Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singular
8× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to reach or arrive at a place, like when the Israelites finally reached the Promised Land in Joshua 1:11.
Tyndale gloss
to reach
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מְטָא (mta') means to reach or attain. It covers the ideas of coming upon, extending, or arriving. The word is used in an intransitive sense in Aramaic, suggesting a sense of presence or occurrence. There are no significant disagreements among the lexicons regarding its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מְטָא, מְטָה vb. reach, attain

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4291 מְטָא, מְטָה

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4291 mta' met-aw'

(Aramaic) or mtah (Aramaic) {met-aw'}; apparently

corresponding to 4672 in the intransitive sense of being found

present; to arrive, extend or happen:--come, reach.

see HEBREW for 04672

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מְטָא (me.ta) — to reach.

1) to reach, come upon, attain

1a) (P'al)

1a1) to reach, come to

1a2) to reach, extend

1a3) to come upon

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
AVqi3ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singular
AVqi3ms
tree the which you saw which it grew great and it grew strong and height its it reached to heavens the and [the] sight of it [was] to all land the
לִשְׁמַיָּ֔אlish.mai.Ya' to heavens the H8065 Preposition · noun common masculine plural determined · particle
38× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Aramaic word for heaven is similar to the Hebrew word, referring to the sky and the abode of God. It is used to describe the dwelling place of God in the Bible.
Amplified meaning
heaven, the atmosphere
Tyndale gloss
heaven
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שָׁמַ֫יִן (shamayin) refers to 'heaven' or 'heavens' in Hebrew, encompassing both the visible sky and the spiritual abode of God. It is a plural noun and is related to the Aramaic term corresponding to the concept of heaven. The entries consistently highlight its meanings without significant disagreement.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[שָׁמַ֫יִן] n.m.pl. heavens

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H8065 שָׁמַ֫יִן

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

8065 shamayin shaw-mah'-yin

(Aramaic) corresponding to 8064:--heaven.

see HEBREW for 08064

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שָׁמַ֫יִן (sha.ma.yin) — heaven.

1) heaven, heavens, sky

1a) visible sky

1b) Heaven (as abode of God)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Adj | Art — Preposition · noun common masculine plural determined · particle
AR/Ncmpd/Ta
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

hev'-'nz (shamayim; ouranoi): On the physical heavens see ASTRONOMY; WORLD. Above these, in popular conception, were the celestial heavens, the abode of God and of the hosts of angels (Ps 11:4; 103:19-21; Isa 66:1; Re 4:2; 5:11; compare Da 7:10), though it was recognized that Yahweh's presence was not confined to any region (1Ki 8:27). Later Judaism reckoned seven heavens. The apostle Paul speaks of himself as caught up into "the third heaven," which he evidently identifies with Paradise (2Co 12:2).

See HEAVENLY.

tree the which you saw which it grew great and it grew strong and height its it reached to heavens the and [the] sight of it [was] to all land the
וַחֲזוֹתֵ֖הּva.cha.zo.Teh and [the] sight of it H2379 Conjunction · noun common feminine singular construct · suffix
2× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means a view or sight, often referring to something that can be seen or perceived with the physical eyes.
Tyndale gloss
visibility
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

חֲזוֹת (chazowth) refers to sight or visibility, derived from the Aramaic root for vision. The term encompasses the concept of viewing or perceiving something. It is linked to the word חָזוֹן (chazon), which means vision.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[חֲזוֹת] n.f. sight, visibility

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2379 חֲזוֹת

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2379 chazowth khaz-oth'

(Aramaic) from 2370; a view:--sight.

see HEBREW for 02370

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

חֲזוֹת (cha.zot) — visibility.

view, sight, visibility

Aramaic of cha.zon (חָזוֹן "vision" H2377)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
AC/Ncfsc/Sp3ms — Conjunction · noun common feminine singular construct · suffix
AC/Ncfsc/Sp3ms
tree the which you saw which it grew great and it grew strong and height its it reached to heavens the and [the] sight of it [was] to all land the
לְכָל־le.khol [was] to all H3606 Preposition · noun common both singular construct
82× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for all or everything, used in the Bible to describe the entirety of something, like all people or all things. It appears in Genesis and Psalms to emphasize God's power over everything. This word is often translated as 'all' or 'every' in English Bibles.
Tyndale gloss
all
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It encompasses meanings such as every, any, and none. The term is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, indicating totality or completeness.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כֹּל, כָּל־ n.m. the whole, all

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3606 כֹּל, כָּל־

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3606 kol kole

(Aramaic) corresponding to 3605:--all, any, + (forasmuch) as,

+ be-(for this) cause, every, + no (manner, -ne), + there

(where)-fore, + though, what (where, who)-soever, (the) whole.

see HEBREW for 03605

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כֹּל (kol) — all.

1) all, whole, the whole

1a) the whole of, all

1b) every, any, none

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
AR/Ncbsc — Preposition · noun common both singular construct
AR/Ncbsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ol: Used in various combinations, and with different meanings.

(1) All along, "Weeping all along as he went" (Jer 41:6), i.e. throughout the whole way he went, feigning equal concern with the men from Shiloh, etc., for the destruction of the Temple, so as to put them off their guard.

(2) All in all, "That God may be all in all" (1Co 15:28, Greek: panta en pasin, "all things in all (persons and) things"). "The universe, with all it comprises, will wholly answer to God's will and reflect His mind" (Dummelow).

(3) All one, "It is all one" (Job 9:22), "it makes no difference whether I live or die."

(4) At all, "If thy father miss me at all" (1Sa 20:6), "in any way," "in the least."

tree the which you saw which it grew great and it grew strong and height its it reached to heavens the and [the] sight of it [was] to all land the
אַרְעָֽא׃'ar.'A' land the H772 Noun common both singular determined · particle
21× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for earth or planet, referring to the world we live in, as seen in the Bible's description of creation in Genesis. It can also imply something low or earthly. In Psalm 90:2, Moses prays to God who has been the earth's home since the beginning.
Amplified meaning
the world, the land
Tyndale gloss
earth: planet
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֲרַע (ara) refers to the earth or soil, with implications of being low or inferior. It is an Aramaic term corresponding to the Hebrew word for earth, אֶ֫רֶץ (erets). The entries suggest a range of meanings including earth, ground, and planet.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[אֲרַע] 21 n.[f.] earth

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H772 אֲרַע

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

772 'ara` ar-ah'

(Aramaic) corresponding to 776; the earth; by implication

(figuratively) low:--earth, interior.

see HEBREW for 0776

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֲרַע (a.ra) — earth: soil.

: soil

earth, world, ground

Aramaic of e.rets (אֶ֫רֶץ ": soil" H0776H)

אֲרַע (a.ra) — earth: inferior.

: inferior

earth, world, ground

Aramaic of e.rets (אֶ֫רֶץ ": soil" H0776H)

אֲרַע (a.ra) — earth: planet.

: planet

earth, world, ground

Aramaic of e.rets (אֶ֫רֶץ ": soil" H0776H)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Adj | N-fs | Art — Noun common both singular determined · particle
ANcbsd/Ta
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

((1) 'erets;

(2) 'adhamah;

(3) sadheh,

"a piece of land";

(4) ge, "earth";

(5) agros, "field";

(6) chora, "region";

(7) chorion, diminutive of chora;

(8) xeros, "dry land";

(9) 'ezrach, "native" the King James Version "born in the land," "born among you," the Revised Version (British and American) "home-born" (Le 19:34; 14:16; Nu 15:30); "like a green tree in its native soil" (Ps 37:35)):

'Erets occurs hundreds of times and is used in much the same way as 'adhamah, which also occurs often: e.g. "land of Egypt," 'erets mitsrayim (Ge 13:10), and 'adhmath mitsrayim (Ge 47:20). The other words occur less often, and are used in the…

Nave's Topical Bible

→ Appeared on the third creative day Ge 1:9

→ Original title to, from God Ge 13:14-17; 15:7; Ex 23:31; Le 25:23

→ Bought and sold Ge 23:3-18; 33:19; Ac 4:34; 5:1-8

→ Sale and redemption of, laws concerning Le 25:15,16,23-33; 27:17-24; Nu 36:4; Jer 32:7-16,25,44; Eze 46:18

Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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