Ezekiel 6:4 — Word Study
WLCוְנָשַׁ֙מּוּ֙ מִזְבְּח֣וֹתֵיכֶ֔ם וְנִשְׁבְּר֖וּ חַמָּֽנֵיכֶ֑ם וְהִפַּלְתִּי֙ חַלְלֵיכֶ֔ם לִפְנֵ֖י גִּלּוּלֵיכֶֽם׃
BSAYour altarsmizbêach [places of sacrifice, sites of worship] will be demolishedshâmêm [torn down, made desolate] and your incense altarschammân [altars for burning incense] will be smashedshâbar [broken, shattered] and I will cast downnâphal [throw down, cause to fall] your slainchâlâl [killed, profaned] beforepânîym your idolsgillûwl [images, objects of worship, logs or round pieces of wood]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְנָשַׁ֙מּוּ֙ | and they will be made desolate | Verb, Niphal, sequential perfect third person common plural |
| מִזְבְּח֣וֹתֵיכֶ֔ם | altars your | Noun common feminine plural construct, suffix |
| וְנִשְׁבְּר֖וּ | and they will be shattered | Verb, Niphal, sequential perfect third person common plural |
| חַמָּֽנֵיכֶ֑ם | incense altars your | Noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
| וְהִפַּלְתִּי֙ | and I will make fall | Verb, Hiphil, sequential perfect first person common singular |
| חַלְלֵיכֶ֔ם | slain [ones] your | Suffix |
| לִפְנֵ֖י | before | Preposition, noun common masculine plural construct |
| גִּלּוּלֵיכֶֽם׃ | idols your | Noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Your altars will be demolished and your incense altars will be smashed; and I will cast down your slain before your idols. |
| KJV | And your altars shall be desolate, and your images shall be broken: and I will cast down your slain men before your idols. |
| ASV | And your altars shall become desolate, and your sun-images shall be broken; and I will cast down your slain men before your idols. |
| YLT | And desolated have been your altars, And broken your images, And I have caused your wounded to fall before your idols, |
| WEB | Your altars will become desolate, and your incense altars will be broken. I will cast down your slain men before your idols. |
| BBE | And your altars will be made waste, and your sun-images will be broken: and I will have your dead men placed before your images. |
Where they part company is in the rendering of חַלְלֵיכֶ֔ם — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence has a main clause followed by two subordinate clauses, creating a clear structure of judgment and consequence.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbשָׁמֵם
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Ezekiel 6:4
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Prophecy Against Israel's Idolatrygenerated
Ezekiel 6:4 is part of a prophecy where God declares judgment against Israel for their idolatry. The prophet Ezekiel is instructed to speak to the mountains and hills, warning them of the impending destruction of high places and altars. This judgment serves as a stark reminder of the consequences of turning away from God and worshiping false idols, as seen in the surrounding verses.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ezekiel 6:6 | Wherever you live, the cities will be laid waste and the high places will be demolished, so that your altars will be laid waste and desecrated, your idols smashed and obliterated, your incense altars cut down, and your works blotted out. |
| 2 | 2 Chronicles 14:5 | He also removed the high places and incense altars from all the cities of Judah, and under him the kingdom was at peace. |
| 3 | 2 Chronicles 34:4 | Then in his presence the altars of the Baals were torn down, and he cut to pieces the incense altars that were above them. He shattered the Asherah poles, the carved idols, and the cast images, crushed them to dust, and scattered them over the graves of those who had sacrificed to them. |
| 4 | Jeremiah 43:13 | He will demolish the sacred pillars of the temple of the sun in the land of Egypt, and he will burn down the temples of the gods of Egypt.’” |
| 5 | Ezekiel 6:5–13 | I will lay the corpses of the Israelites before their idols and scatter your bones around your altars. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 10 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — נָשַׁ֙מּוּ֙, ve.na.Sha.mugenerated
The verb שָׁמֵם (shamem) means to be desolate or devastated. It is built from a primitive root and encompasses meanings such as to stun, devastate, and cause horror. In this verse, it indicates that the altars will be made desolate, emphasizing the total destruction of places of worship.
The Niphal form indicates a passive action, meaning the altars themselves will be made desolate by an external force. This aligns with the context of divine judgment being enacted upon Israel for their unfaithfulness.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The translations agree here, using variations of 'demolished' and 'smashed' for the altars and incense altars, respectively.
Sentence Structuregenerated
Three finite verbs govern the verse: נָשַׁ֙מּוּ֙ (they will be made desolate), נִשְׁבְּר֖וּ (they will be shattered), and הִפַּלְתִּי֙ (I will make fall). Each verb corresponds to the destruction of different types of altars and the slain.
The structure emphasizes the sequential destruction: first the altars, then the incense altars, and finally the act of casting down the slain before the idols, underscoring the totality of judgment.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates נָשַׁ֙מּוּ֙ with ὑμῶν, indicating a direct address to the people regarding their altars. This choice emphasizes the personal nature of the judgment.
The Greek word καταβαλῶ for הִפַּלְתִּי֙ suggests an active throwing down, which aligns with the violent imagery of destruction present in the Hebrew.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Ezekiel 6:4 describes how God will destroy the altars used for worship and lay the slain before the idols. This prophecy warns Israel of the consequences of their idolatry and the judgment that will come as a result.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It signifies the complete destruction of places of worship that were used for idolatrous practices, indicating God's judgment against such actions.
This act symbolizes the ultimate defeat of the idols and the futility of worshiping them, as they cannot protect their followers from judgment.
The incense altars represent the prayers and offerings made to false gods. Their destruction signifies the rejection of those practices by God.
It emphasizes the themes of judgment and the call to repentance, warning Israel of the consequences of their unfaithfulness to God.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What does this passage reveal about God's stance on idolatry?
- How can we apply the message of judgment in our lives today?
- In what ways do we see modern forms of idolatry that may need to be addressed?
- How can we ensure our worship is directed solely towards God?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Jerome comments on this verse, highlighting the prophetic declaration of judgment against Israel's idolatry and the destruction of their altars.
Behold, I will bring a sword upon you, and I will destroy your high places. And I will overthrow your altars, and break your images, and cast down your slain before your idols.Early Church Fathers on Ezekiel 6 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Ezekiel 6:4 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd your altars shall be desolate,.... Being pulled down; or because the priests and worshippers would now be slain, and there would be none to attend them: and your images shall be broken; the "images of the sun" (b).
Read John Gill on Ezekiel 6 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd your altars shall be desolate, and your images shall be broken: and I will cast down your slain men before your idols.
Read Robert Jamieson on Ezekiel 6 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleYour altars; God’ s altar was only at Jerusalem, these were their altars. Desolate; no priest to attend, no sacrifice offered, nor a votary come to them. Images; statues, and perhaps the particular images made to the sun, as the Hebrew word including heat may signify. Or the open places on the tops of your houses, where you worshipped the sun, ; and , mentions this piece of idolatry. Broken; either torn down from their places to be carried captives, which was a part of heathen conquerors’ insolence, or torn in pieces in contempt, and to be destroyed. I will cast down; my hand shall guide the pursuing enemy, who shall slay your men before the altars of those idols they worshipped formerly…
Read Matthew Poole on Ezekiel 6 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsEzekiel 6:4 And your altars shall be desolate, and your images shall be broken: and I will cast down your slain [men] before your idols.Ver. 4. Your images shall be broken down.] Heb., Your sun images, whence also Jupiter Hammon had his name, which Macrobius saith was the same with the sun. See 2 Chronicles 23:5. And I will cast down your slain men.] Cruentatos vulneratos, vel interfectos vestros; such as when wounded, fly to their idols for safety. Before your idols.] Heb., Your dii stercorei, dunghill deities, more loathsome than any excrements. Lib. i. Sat., cap. 23.
Read John Trapp on Ezekiel 6 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(4) Your images.—The original word indicates, as is shown in the margin, that these were images used in connection with the worship of the sun. The whole verse is taken from Leviticus 26:30. The same woes were there foretold by Moses in the contingency of the people’s disobedience; that contingency had now come to pass, the promised judgments had already begun, and Ezekiel declares that the fulfilment of them was close at hand. Your slain men before your idols.—Their idols should be worshipped no longer by the living, but by the prostrate bodies of their dead worshippers. In this and the following verse a kind of poetic justice is described. There was nothing so utterly defiling under the…
Read Charles John Ellicott on Ezekiel 6 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 4. Your images shall be broken] Literally, your sun images; representations of the sun, which they worshipped. See the margin.
Read AdamClarke on Ezekiel 6 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges4. your images] As marg., sun-images, i.e. symbols of the sun-god, probably in the shape of a pyramid or obelisk. They stood beside the altars. So again Ezekiel 6:6. your idols] The term used is an opprobrious or contemptuous epithet, applied to idols, though its precise meaning is doubtful. Most probably it means block-gods; though others connect it with the word dung (ch. Ezekiel 4:12) and render dung-gods, which is less probable. The term occurs in Ez. nearly 40 times, otherwise Leviticus 26:30; Deuteronomy 29:17; Jeremiah 50:2; 1 Kings 15:12; 1 Kings 21:26; 2 Kings 17:12; 2 Kings 21:11; 2 Kings 21:21; 2 Kings 23:24. These idols were probably of Jehovah for the most part.
Read Cambridge on Ezekiel 6 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleImages - See the margin and margin reference, and the Ezekiel 8:16 note.
Read Albert Barnes on Ezekiel 6 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Your altars will be demolished and your incense altars will be smashed; and I will cast down your slain before your idols.
Your altars will become desolate, and your incense altars will be broken. I will cast down your slain men before your idols.
Your altars will be demolished and your incense altars will be smashed; and I will cast down your slain before your idols.
Your altars will be ruined and your incense altars will be broken. I will throw down your slain in front of your idols.
Tyndale line
And your altars shall be desolate, and your images shall be broken: and I will cast down your slain men before your idols.
And your altars shall become desolate, and your sun-images shall be broken; and I will cast down your slain men before your idols.
your altars shall become desolate, and your sun-images shall be broken: and I will cast down your slain men before your idols.
And your altars shall be desolate, and your images shall be broken: and I will cast down your slain men before your idols.
And your altars shalbe desolate, and your images of the sunne shalbe broken: and I will cast downe your slaine men before your idoles.
Strictly literal
And your altars shall be desolate, and your sun-images shall be broken; and I will cast down your slain [men] before your idols;
And desolated have been your altars, And broken your images, And I have caused your wounded to fall before your idols,
And your altars have been desolated, || And your images have been broken, || And I have caused your wounded to fall before your idols,
And your altars shall be made desolate, and your sun-images shall be broken: and I will cause your slain ones to fall before your idols.
Then your altars will become desolate and your pillars will be destroyed, and I will throw down your dead in front of their idols.
From the Latin
And I will throw down your altars, and your idols shall be broken in pieces: and I will cast down your slain before your idols.
Simplified
Your pagan altars will be torn down, and your incense altars will be smashed to pieces. I will kill your idol worshipers right in front of their idols.
And your altars will be made waste, and your sun-images will be broken: and I will have your dead men placed before your images.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree, with six out of eight words matched. The differences in word order and articles reflect the distinct grammatical structures of Hebrew and Greek.
וְנָשַׁ֙מּוּ֙ מִזְבְּח֣וֹתֵיכֶ֔ם וְנִשְׁבְּר֖וּ חַמָּֽנֵיכֶ֑ם וְהִפַּלְתִּי֙ חַלְלֵיכֶ֔ם לִפְנֵ֖י גִּלּוּלֵיכֶֽם׃
6 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Ezekiel 6:4
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
שָׁמֵם (shamem) is a Hebrew verb meaning to be desolated or appalled. It is built from a primitive root and encompasses a range of meanings including to stun, devastate, and cause horror. The verb appears in various forms, such as Qal, Niphal, and Hiphil, indicating different nuances like being made desolate or causing desolation.
[שָׁמֵם] vb. be desolated, appalled
Qal
be desolated
be appalled, awestruck
Niph.
be desolated
be appalled
Pō‛.
I sat appalled
transit. appalling, causing horror
Hiph.
devastate, ravage
appal
inwardly trans., shewing horror
Hoph. all the days of (its) being desolate
Hithpō‛.
be appalled, astounded
cause oneself desolation, ruin
base
H8074 [שָׁמֵם] be desolated, appalled
8074 shamem shaw-mame'
a primitive root; to stun (or intransitively, grow numb),
i.e. devastate or (figuratively) stupefy (both usually in a
passive sense):--make amazed, be astonied, (be an)
astonish(-ment), (be, bring into, unto, lay, lie, make)
desolate(-ion, places), be destitute, destroy (self), (lay,
lie, make) waste, wonder.
שָׁמֵם (sha.mem) — be desolate: destroyed.
: destroyed/deserted
1) to be desolate, be appalled, stun, stupefy
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be desolated, be deflowered, be deserted, be appalled
1a2) to be appalled, be awestruck
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be desolated, be made desolate
1b2) to be appalled
1c) (Polel)
1c1) to be stunned
1c2) appalling, causing horror (participle)
1c2a) horror-causer, appaller (subst)
1d) (Hiphil)
1d1) to devastate, ravage, make desolated
1d2) to appal, show horror
1e) (Hophal) to lay desolate, be desolated
1f) (Hithpolel)
1f1) to cause to be desolate
1f2) to be appalled, be astounded
1f3) to cause oneself desolation, cause oneself ruin
שָׁמֵם (sha.mem) — be desolate: appalled.
: appalled
1) to be desolate, be appalled, stun, stupefy
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be desolated, be deflowered, be deserted, be appalled
1a2) to be appalled, be awestruck
1b) (Niphal)
Conj | V-Niphal-3cp — Verb · Niphal · sequential perfect third person common pluralHc/VNq3cp
des'-o-lat (very frequently in the Old Testament for shamem, and its derivatives; less frequently, charebh, and its derivatives, and other words. In the New Testament it stands for eremos (Mt 23:38; Ac 1:20; Ga 4:27) eremoo (Re 17:16), and monoo (1Ti 5:5)): From Latin de, intens., solus, alone. Several shades of meaning can be distinguished:
(1) Its primary sense is "left lonely," "forlorn," e. g. Ps 25:16, "Have mercy upon me; for I am desolate" (Hebrew yachidh, "alone"); 1Ti 5:5, "she that is a widow indeed, and…
מִזְבֵּחַ (mizbeach) means 'altar' in Hebrew. It is derived from the root word meaning to slay or kill, indicating its use in sacrificial contexts. The term is consistently used throughout the Old Testament to refer to places of sacrifice and worship.
מִזְבֵּחַ 401 n.m. altar
base
H4196 מִזְבֵּחַ altar
4196 mizbeach miz-bay'-akh
from 2076; an altar:--altar.
see HEBREW for 02076
מִזְבֵּחַ (miz.be.ach) — altar.
altar
N-mp | Suff — Noun common feminine plural construct · suffixHNcfpc/Sp2mp
שָׁבַר (shabar) means to break or shatter, with various nuances including breaking in pieces, causing to break out (like bringing to birth), and being broken or crushed. It appears in different forms, such as Qal, Niphal, Piel, Hiphil, and Hophal, indicating active and passive meanings. The lexicons do not present any significant disagreements.
שָׁבַר 148 vb. break, break in pieces
Qal 53 break, lit.
Niph. 57 be broken
Pi. 26 shatter, break
Hiph. cause to break out, i.e. bring to the birth
Hoph. be broken, shattered (in heart)
base
H7665 שָׁבַר break, break in pieces .break, lit.
. be broken
. shatter, break
. cause to break out, i.e. bring to the birth
. be broken, shattered (in heart)
7665 shabar shaw-bar'
a primitive root; to burst (literally or
figuratively):--break (down, off, in pieces, up),
broken((-hearted)), bring to the birth, crush, destroy, hurt,
quench, X quite, tear, view (by mistake for 7663).
see HEBREW for 07663
שָׁבַר (sha.var) — to break.
1) to break, break in pieces
1a) (Qal)
1a1) break, break in or down, rend violently, wreck, crush, quench
1a2) to break, rupture (fig)
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be broken, be maimed, be crippled, be wrecked
1b2) to be broken, be crushed (fig)
1c) (Piel) to shatter, break
1d) (Hiphil) to cause to break out, bring to the birth
1e) (Hophal) to be broken, be shattered
Aramaic equivalent: te.var (תְּבַר "to break" H8406)
Conj | V-Niphal-3cp — Verb · Niphal · sequential perfect third person common pluralHc/VNq3cp
חַמָּן (chamman) refers to a 'sun-pillar' and is associated with idolatrous worship. The term is derived from a root meaning 'to be warm' or 'to be hot.' It encompasses meanings related to idols and images, particularly in the context of worship practices.
[חַמָּן] n.m. sun-pillar, used in idolatrous worship
base
H2553 [חַמָּן] sun-pillar, used in idolatrous worship
2553 chamman kham-mawn'
from 2535; a sun-pillar:--idol, image.
see HEBREW for 02535
חַמָּן (cham.man) — pillar.
1) incense altar, sun-pillar, idol, image
1a) used in idolatrous worship
N-mp | Suff — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHNcmpc/Sp2mp
נָפַל (naphal) is a Hebrew verb meaning 'to fall,' encompassing a wide range of applications, including falling by accident, experiencing violent death, or going to ruin. It can also refer to prostrating oneself, attacking, or causing someone to fall. The term appears in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, often indicating physical or metaphorical downfall.
נָפַל 433 vb. fall, lie
Qal 366
fall, by accident
Esp. of violent death
fig. = go to ruin, perish, etc.
fig. = experience calamity
fall, of a city
Fall prostrate
fall = prostrate oneself before
fall upon one's neck, in embrace
Fall upon = attack
desert or fall away to, go over to
Fig., of deep sleep
Other idiomatic uses
= lie; = lie prostrate
Hiph.
cause to fall
Of causing death; = overthrow, bring to destruction
Esp. of casting lot
Fig., let drop, cause to fail
cause deep sleep to fall
Other idioms
Hithp. throw, or prostrate oneself
base
H5307 נָפַל fall, lie .. fall, by accident
. . Esp. of violent death
. fig. = go to ruin, perish, etc.
. fig. = experience calamity
. fall, of a city
. . Fall prostrate
. fall = prostrate oneself before
. fall upon one's neck, in embrace
. . Fall upon = attack
. desert or fall away to, go over to
. Fig., of deep sleep
. Other idiomatic uses
. = lie; = lie prostrate
. . cause to fall
. Of causing death; = overthrow, bring to destruction
. Esp. of casting lot
. Fig., let drop, cause to fail
. cause deep sleep to fall
. Other idioms
. throw, or prostrate oneself
5307 naphal naw-fal'
a primitive root; to fall, in a great variety of applications
(intransitive or causative, literal or figurative):--be
accepted, cast (down, self, (lots), out), cease, die, divide
(by lot), (let) fail, (cause to, let, make, ready to) fall
(away, down, -en, -ing), fell(-ing), fugitive, have
(inheritance), inferior, be judged (by mistake for 6419), lay
(along), (cause to) lie down, light (down), be (X hast) lost,
lying, overthrow, overwhelm, perish, present(-ed, -ing), (make
to) rot, slay, smite out, X surely, throw down.
see HEBREW for 06419
נָפַל (na.phal) — to fall: fall.
: fall/drop/fail
1) to fall, lie, be cast down, fail
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to fall
1a2) to fall (of violent death)
1a3) to fall prostrate, prostrate oneself before
1a4) to fall upon, attack, desert, fall away to, go away to, fall into the hand of
1a5) to fall short, fail, fall out, turn out, result
1a6) to settle, waste away, be offered, be inferior to
1a7) to lie, lie prostrate
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to cause to fall, fell, throw down, knock out, lay prostrate
1b2) to overthrow
1b3) to make the lot fall, assign by lot, apportion by lot
1b4) to let drop, cause to fail (fig.)
1b5) to cause to fall
1c) (Hithpael)
1c1) to throw or prostrate oneself, throw oneself upon
1c2) to lie prostrate, prostrate oneself
1d) (Pilel) to fall
נָפַל (na.phal) — to fall: deserting.
: deserting
1) to fall, lie, be cast down, fail
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to fall
1a2) to fall (of violent death)
Conj | V-Hiphil-1cs — Verb · Hiphil · sequential perfect first person common singularHc/Vhq1cs
fol (vb.): The idea of falling is most frequently expressed in Hebrew by naphal, but also by many other words; in Greek by pipto, and its compounds. The uses of the word in Scripture are very varied. There is the literal falling by descent; the falling of the countenance in sorrow, shame, anger, etc. (Ge 4:5,6); the falling in battle (Ge 14:10; Nu 14:3, etc.); the falling into trouble, etc. (Pr 24:16,17); prostration in supplication and reverence (Ge 17:3; Nu 14:5, etc.); falling of the Spirit of Yahweh (Eze 11:5…
חָלָל (chalal) primarily means 'pierced' or 'slain,' often in a context of fatal wounding. It can also refer to something that is 'profaned' or 'defiled.' The word is built from the root associated with piercing and carries both literal and figurative meanings related to death and pollution.
חָלָל 90 n.m. pierced
pierced, fatally wounded
slain
base
חָלָל adj. profaned
base
H2491a חָלָל pierced H2491b חָלָל profaned
2491 chalal khaw-lawl'
from 2490; pierced (especially to death); figuratively,
polluted:--kill, profane, slain (man), X slew, (deadly)
wounded.
see HEBREW for 02490
חָלָל (cha.lal) — slain: killed.
: killed
1) slain, fatally wounded, pierced
1a) pierced, fatally wounded
1b) slain
Also means: cha.lal (חָלָל ": wounded" H2491H)
חָלָל (cha.lal) — profaned.
adj
1) (CLBL) profaned
1a) defiled, profaned (by divorce)
חָלָל (cha.lal) — slain: wounded.
: wounded
1) slain, fatally wounded, pierced
1a) pierced, fatally wounded
1b) slain
Adj | Suff — SuffixHAampc/Sp2mp
The Hebrew word פָּנֶה (*pāneh*) is a noun meaning 'face' or 'presence,' and it appears in various contexts, including the faces of seraphim and animals, as well as the surface of the ground. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'in front of.' The word is built from a root that suggests turning or facing, and it encompasses a wide range of applications, both literal and figurative.
[פָּנֶה], pl. פָּנִים 2123 n.m. face, also faces
face, faces
presence, person
technically, see one's face, i.e. appear before one, in one's presence
face of seraphim
face of animals
face (= surface) of ground
as adv.loc. before
for other phrases
with prepositions
base
H6440 פָּנֶה, pl. פָּנִים face, also faces . . face, faces
. . presence, person
. technically, see one's face, i.e. appear before one, in one's presence
. face of seraphim
. face of animals
. face (= surface) of ground
. as adv. loc. before
. for other phrases
. with prepositions
6440 paniym paw-neem'
plural (but always as singular) of an unused noun (paneh
{paw-neh'}; from 6437); the face (as the part that turns);
used in a great variety of applications (literally and
figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a
preposition (before, etc.):--+ accept, a-(be- )fore(-time),
against, anger, X as (long as), at, + battle, + because (of),
+ beseech, countenance, edge, + employ, endure, + enquire,
face, favour, fear of, for, forefront(-part), form(-er
time, -ward), from, front, heaviness, X him(-self), +
honourable, + impudent, + in, it, look(-eth) (- s), X me, +
meet, X more than, mouth, of, off, (of) old (time), X on,
open, + out of, over against, the partial, person, + please,
presence, propect, was purposed, by reason of, + regard, right
forth, + serve, X shewbread, sight, state, straight, + street,
X thee, X them(-selves), through (+ - out), till, time(-s)
פָּנֶה (pa.neh) — face: before.
: before/to/front
1) face
1a) face, faces
1b) presence, person
1c) face (of seraphim or cherubim)
1d) face (of animals)
1e) face, surface (of ground)
1f) as adv of loc/temp
1f1) before and behind, toward, in front of, forward, formerly, from beforetime, before
1g) with prep
1g1) in front of, before, to the front of, in the presence of, in the face of, at the face or front of, from the presence of, from before, from before the face of
פָּנֶה (pa.neh) — face.
: face
1) face
1a) face, faces
1b) presence, person
1c) face (of seraphim or cherubim)
1d) face (of animals)
1e) face, surface (of ground)
1f) as adv of loc/temp
1f1) before and behind, toward, in front of, forward, formerly, from beforetime, before
1g) with prep
1g1) in front of, before, to the front of, in the presence of, in the face of, at the face or front of, from the presence of, from before, from…
Prep | N-cp — Preposition · noun common masculine plural constructHR/Ncmpc
be-for': The translation of a great variety of Hebrew and Greek words. "Haran died before (the English Revised Version "in the presence of," literally "before the face of") his father Terah" (Ge 11:28). To be "before" God is to enjoy His favor (Ps 31:22). "The Syrians before" (Isa 9:12 the Revised Version, margin "on the east," as "behind," owing to the position of Canaan, relative to Syria, implies the west).
גִּלּוּל (gilluwl) refers to idols, specifically in the plural form, and implies shapeless objects like logs or blocks. The term is derived from a root meaning 'log' and is used in contexts related to idolatry.
[גִּלּוּל] n.m. only pl. idols (= logs, blocks, shapeless things)
base
H1544 [גִּלּוּל] only pl. idols (= logs, blocks, shapeless things)
1544 gilluwl ghil-lool'
or (shortened) gillul {ghil-lool'}; from 1556; properly, a
log (as round); by implication, an idol:--idol.
see HEBREW for 01556
גִּלּוּל (gil.lul) — idol.
idols
N-mp | Suff — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHNcmpc/Sp2mp