Quick Definition
be desolate: destroyed
Strong's Definition
to stun (or intransitively, grow numb), i.e. devastate or (figuratively) stupefy (both usually in a passive sense)
Derivation: a primitive root;
KJV Usage: make amazed, be astonied, (be an) astonish(-ment), (be, bring into, unto, lay, lie, make) desolate(-ion, places), be destitute, destroy (self), (lay, lie, make) waste, wonder.
TWOT Reference: 2409
Outline of Biblical Usage
Septuagint (LXX) Greek Equivalents
This Hebrew word is translated by the following Greek words in the Septuagint:
STEPBible — Tyndale Abridged Hebrew Lexicon
שָׁמֵם (sha.mem) — be desolate: destroyed. : destroyed/deserted 1) to be desolate, be appalled, stun, stupefy 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to be desolated, be deflowered, be deserted, be appalled 1a2) to be appalled, be awestruck 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be desolated, be made desolate 1b2) to be appalled 1c) (Polel) 1c1) to be stunned 1c2) appalling, causing horror (participle) 1c2a) horror-causer, appaller (subst) 1d) (Hiphil) 1d1) to devastate, ravage, make desolated 1d2) to appal, show horror 1e) (Hophal) to lay desolate, be desolated 1f) (Hithpolel) 1f1) to cause to be desolate 1f2) to be appalled, be astounded 1f3) to cause oneself desolation, cause oneself ruin
שָׁמֵם (sha.mem) — be desolate: appalled. : appalled 1) to be desolate, be appalled, stun, stupefy 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to be desolated, be deflowered, be deserted, be appalled 1a2) to be appalled, be awestruck 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be desolated, be made desolate 1b2) to be appalled 1c) (Polel) 1c1) to be stunned 1c2) appalling, causing horror (participle) 1c2a) horror-causer, appaller (subst) 1d) (Hiphil) 1d1) to devastate, ravage, make desolated 1d2) to appal, show horror 1e) (Hophal) to lay desolate, be desolated 1f) (Hithpolel) 1f1) to cause to be desolate 1f2) to be appalled, be astounded 1f3) to cause oneself desolation, cause oneself ruin
UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew
verb · יְשִׁימֹון · ישׁם · מְשַׁמָּה · שַׁמָּה · שָׁמֵם · שְׁמָמָה · שִׁמְמָה · שִׁמָּמֹון
Non-Contain | verb qal, verb hof
to be desolate, to become desolate, to be deserted = state in which an area has become empty as a result of destruction and depopulation
LEV 26:34 · LEV 26:35 · LEV 26:43 · PSA 69:26 · ISA 49:8 · ISA 49:19 · ISA 61:4 · ISA 61:4 · LAM 1:4 · LAM 1:16 · LAM 3:11 · EZK 33:28 · EZK 35:12 · EZK 35:15 · EZK 36:4 · DAN 9:18 · DAN 9:26 · DAN 9:27
Non-Contain | verb hif, verb nif
to make desolate, to lay waste = causative process or action by which humans or deities cause an area to become empty as a result of destruction and depopulation
LEV 26:22 · LEV 26:31 · LEV 26:32 · NUM 21:30 · PSA 79:7 · ISA 33:8 · ISA 54:3 · JER 10:25 · JER 12:11 · JER 33:10 · EZK 6:4 · EZK 25:3 · EZK 29:12 · EZK 30:7 · EZK 30:7 · EZK 30:12 · EZK 30:14 · EZK 32:15 · EZK 36:34 · EZK 36:35 · EZK 36:35 · EZK 36:36 · DAN 8:13 · HOS 2:14 · JOL 1:17 · AMO 7:9 · AMO 9:14 · MIC 6:13 · ZEP 3:6 · ZEC 7:14
Dissociate | verb qal, verb nif
desolate woman literally: to be desolate; hence: = state in which humans find themselves alone and without people around them to give them support and purpose
End | verb qal
to be abandoned exact meaning unknown; literally: to be made desolate; hence, possibly: = causative action by which a common practice is discontinued
Grieve | verb qal, verb hif, verb hit, verb nif, verb pi, verb etpa''al
to be appalled literally: to be desolate; hence: = state in which humans are in deep shock as a result of tragic circumstances
LEV 26:32 · 1KI 9:8 · 2CH 7:21 · EZR 9:3 · EZR 9:4 · JOB 17:8 · JOB 18:20 · JOB 21:5 · PSA 40:16 · PSA 143:4 · ECC 7:16 · ISA 52:14 · ISA 59:16 · ISA 63:5 · JER 2:12 · JER 4:9 · JER 18:16 · JER 19:8 · JER 49:17 · JER 49:20 · JER 50:13 · JER 50:45 · LAM 1:13 · EZK 3:15 · EZK 4:17 · EZK 26:16 · EZK 27:35 · EZK 28:19 · DAN 4:16 · DAN 8:27
1 DAN 8:13 RSV NRSV ESV "that makes desolate" NIV "that causes desolation" REB "cause desolation" = [1b] | NJPS "forsaken" = [1d] | NJB "horrifying" GNT "awful" CEV "horrible" = [1f] 2 ECC 7:16 NJPS "you may be dumbfounded | RSV NIV NJB NRSV REB CEV ESV "(why ...) destroy yourself?" GNT "(why) kill yourself?" 3 JOB 16:7 NJB "struck with horror" | RSV NRSV ESV "he has made desolate" NIV "have devastated" NJPS CEV "have destroyed"
UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew © United Bible Societies, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon
[שָׁמֵם] vb. be desolated, appalled Qal be desolated
be appalled, awestruck
Niph. be desolated
be appalled
Pō‛. I sat appalled
transit. appalling, causing horror
Hiph. devastate, ravage
appal
inwardly trans., shewing horror
Hoph. all the days of (its) being desolate
Hithpō‛. be appalled, astounded
cause oneself desolation, ruin
base