Genesis 11:28 — Word Study
WLCוַיָּ֣מָת הָרָ֔ן עַל־ פְּנֵ֖י תֶּ֣רַח אָבִ֑יו בְּאֶ֥רֶץ מוֹלַדְתּ֖וֹ בְּא֥וּר כַּשְׂדִּֽים׃
BSADuringʻal his fatherʼâb [in the presence of, before] Terah’s lifetimeTerach HaranHârân [Abraham's brother, the son of Terah] diedmûwth▸ [passed away, came to an end] in his nativemôwledeth landʼerets [birthplace, homeland] in UrʼÛwr [a city in ancient Babylonia] of the ChaldeansKasdîy [inhabitants of Chaldea, a region in Mesopotamia]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וַיָּ֣מָת | and he died | Verb, Qal, sequential imperfect third person masculine singular |
| הָרָ֔ן | Haran | Noun proper masculine |
| עַל־ | on | Preposition |
| פְּנֵ֖י | [the] face of | Noun common, masculine plural construct |
| תֶּ֣רַח | Terah | Noun proper masculine |
| אָבִ֑יו | father his | Noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| בְּאֶ֥רֶץ | in [the] land of | Preposition, noun common feminine singular construct |
| מוֹלַדְתּ֖וֹ | kindred his | Noun common feminine singular construct, suffix |
| בְּא֥וּר | in Ur | Preposition, noun proper |
| כַּשְׂדִּֽים׃ | of [the] Chaldeans | Noun proper |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | During his father Terah’s lifetime, Haran died in his native land, in Ur of the Chaldeans. |
| KJV | And Haran died before his father Terah in the land of his nativity, in Ur of the Chaldees. |
| ASV | And Haran died before his father Terah in the land of his nativity, in Ur of the Chaldees. |
| YLT | and Haran dieth in the presence of Terah his father, in the land of his birth, in Ur of the Chaldees. |
| WEB | Haran died in the land of his birth, in Ur of the Chaldees, while his father Terah was still alive. |
| BBE | And death came to Haran when he was with his father Terah in the land of his birth, Ur of the Chaldees. |
The translations agree on the key details of Haran's death and its context.
The structure consists of a main clause followed by two prepositional phrases that provide context for the timing and location of Haran's death.
7 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectהָרָן
verbמוּת
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Genesis 11:28
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Genealogy of Terahgenerated
Genesis 11:28 describes the death of Haran, who was the brother of Abraham, during the lifetime of their father Terah. This event occurs in the context of Terah's family history, which is significant as it sets the stage for the calling of Abraham and the subsequent narrative of the patriarchs. The mention of Ur of the Chaldeans highlights the geographical and cultural background of Abraham's family before their migration to Canaan.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Genesis 15:7 | The LORD also told him, “I am the LORD, who brought you out of Ur of the Chaldeans to give you this land to possess.” |
| 2 | Nehemiah 9:7 | You are the LORD, the God who chose Abram, who brought him out of Ur of the Chaldeans and gave him the name Abraham. |
| 3 | Acts 7:2–4 | And Stephen declared: “Brothers and fathers, listen to me! The God of glory appeared to our father Abraham while he was still in Mesopotamia, before he lived in Haran, |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 3 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — מוּת, vai.Ya.motgenerated
The verb מוּת (mūth) means 'to die' and encompasses a range of meanings, from natural death to execution. It is used throughout the Hebrew Bible to indicate the end of life, both literally and as a consequence of sin, as seen in the narrative of Adam and Eve.
In this verse, it signifies the death of Haran, marking a pivotal moment in the genealogy of the patriarchs. The parsing indicates that it is a sequential imperfect verb, showing that this action occurred in the past but is still relevant to the unfolding story.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The verse is rendered consistently across translations, including the BSB, KJV, ASV, YLT, WEB, and BBE, all agreeing on the key details of Haran's death during Terah's lifetime in Ur of the Chaldeans.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb of the verse is וַיָּ֣מָת (vai.Ya.mot), meaning 'and he died.' This verb governs the structure of the sentence, which includes several noun phrases and prepositional phrases that provide context about Haran's death.
The order of the Hebrew words emphasizes the action of dying first, followed by the subject Haran, and then the circumstances surrounding his death, illustrating a clear narrative flow.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates מוּת as ἀπέθανεν (apethanen), which also means 'he died.' This choice reflects a direct equivalence in meaning, maintaining the focus on the death of Haran.
This translation aligns closely with the Hebrew, indicating a consistent understanding of the event across both texts.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Genesis 11:28 tells us that Haran died while his father Terah was still alive, in the land where he was born, Ur of the Chaldeans. This event is part of the family history leading to Abraham, who would later be called by God to leave this homeland.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Haran was the brother of Abraham and the son of Terah, mentioned in the genealogy of the patriarchs.
It indicates that Haran passed away in the place where he was born, which is significant for understanding his family's origins.
Terah is significant as he is the father of Abraham, and his life and actions set the stage for the calling of Abraham.
Ur was an ancient city in Babylonia, known for its cultural and historical significance, and is noted as the starting point of Abraham's journey.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What can we learn from Haran's life and death in the context of Abraham's story?
- How does understanding the geographical background of Ur of the Chaldeans enrich our reading of this passage?
- In what ways does the genealogy of Terah influence the narrative of the patriarchs?
- What significance does the relationship between fathers and sons hold in the biblical narrative?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early Church Fathers, such as Jerome and Bede, comment on Haran's death, noting its significance in the narrative of Terah's family and its implications for understanding the lineage leading to Abraham.
And Haran died before his father in the land of his birth, in the region of the Chaldeans. As we read, in the region of the Chaldeans, in Hebrew it is written, in Ur of the Chaldeans, that is, in the fire of the Chaldeans.Early Church Fathers on Genesis 11 →
Moreover, Aran begot Lot, and Aran died before his father Thare in the land of his birth, in Ur of the Chaldeans. What is said before Thare may designate both presence and time; time, evidently, because he died before his father;Early Church Fathers on Genesis 11 →
Commentators on this verse — 7 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Genesis 11:28 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd Haran died before his father Terah,.... In his father's presence, before his face, in his life time, as Jarchi; he seeing him, as Aben Ezra: it does not so much respect the time of his death,
Read John Gill on Genesis 11 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd Haran died before his father Terah in the land of his nativity, in Ur of the Chaldees. Haran died ... in the land of his nativity, in Ur of the Chaldees.
Read Robert Jamieson on Genesis 11 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Biblei.e. In the presence and during the life of his father.
Read Matthew Poole on Genesis 11 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsGenesis 11:28 And Haran died before his father Terah in the land of his nativity, in Ur of the Chaldees.Ver. 28. And Haran died before his father Terah.] The Hebrews say he died a martyr, being burnt with fire by his countrymen the Chaldees, because he would not worship the fire, which they had made their god. Martyrdom came early into the world, as we know in Abel, who as he was the first that died, so he died for religion. Now if this be true of Haran, as the Jewish doctors will have it; then he had, for aught we know, the maidenhead (as a certain martyr phrased it) of that kind of martyrdom. The first that were burnt for religion, since the Reformation, are said to be Henry and John, two…
Read John Trapp on Genesis 11 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(28) Haran died before his father.—Heb., in the presence of his father. This is the first recorded instance of a premature death caused by natural decay. In Ur of the Chaldees.—Ur-Casdim. A flood of light has been thrown upon this town by the translation of the cuneiform inscriptions, and we may regard it as certain that Ur is now represented by the mounds of the city of Mugheir. When first we read of this city, it was inhabited by a population of Accadians, a Turanian race, sprang probably from an early offshoot of the family of Japheth; but in course of time it was conquered by men of the Semitic family, who from thence overran the whole of Shinar, or Babylonia, and expelled from it the…
Read Charles John Ellicott on Genesis 11 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges28. This and the following verse are taken from J, and commence the personal history of the patriarch. Haran died] This may indicate a tradition that the hill people, or families who joined the main body of the Terahites, lost their separate existence and became completely merged in the house of Terah. The grave of Haran was shewn in the days of Josephus (Ant. i. 151). in the presence of his father] i.e. while his father Terah was still alive. in the land of his nativity] To these words is appended the explanation, “in Ur of the Chaldees,” very possibly added as a gloss by a later hand, as in Genesis 15:7. Abram in Genesis 24:4; Genesis 24:7; Genesis 24:10 refers to Haran, or Aram naharaim…
Read Cambridge on Genesis 11 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the BibleFROM UR, Genesis 11:28-32. 28. And Haran died before his father Terah — That is, in the presence of Terah, or it may mean before, as a designation of time, (see Gesenius,) since the phrase refers to both place and time.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Genesis 11 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
During his father Terah’s lifetime, Haran died in his native land, in Ur of the Chaldeans.
Haran died in the land of his birth, in Ur of the Chaldees, while his father Terah was still alive.
During his father Terah’s lifetime, Haran died in his native land, in Ur of the Chaldeans.
Haran died in the land of his birth, in Ur of the Chaldeans, while his father Terah was still alive.
Tyndale line
And Haran died before his father Terah in the land of his nativity, in Ur of the Chaldees.
And Haran died before his father Terah in the land of his nativity, in Ur of the Chaldees.
And Haran died in the presence of his father Terah in the land of his nativity, in Ur of the Chaldees.
And Haran died before his father Terah, in the land of his nativity, in Ur of the Chaldees.
Then Haran died before Terah his father in the land of his natiuitie, in Vr of the Caldees.
Strictly literal
And Haran died before the face of his father Terah in the land of his nativity at Ur of the Chaldeans.
and Haran dieth in the presence of Terah his father, in the land of his birth, in Ur of the Chaldees.
and Haran dies in the presence of Terah his father, in the land of his birth, in Ur of the Chaldees.
And Haran died before his father Terach in the land of his nativity, in Ur of the Chaldees.
Haran died in the presence of his father Terah in the land of his birth, in Ur of the Chaldeans.
From the Latin
And Aran died before Thare his father, in the land of his nativity in Ur of the Chaldees.
Simplified
However, Haran died while his father, Terah, was still alive, in Ur of the Chaldeans, the land of his birth.
And death came to Haran when he was with his father Terah in the land of his birth, Ur of the Chaldees.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Samaritan Pentateuch agree word for word in this verse, confirming the accuracy of the account of Haran's death in Ur of the Chaldeans.
וַיָּ֣מָת הָרָ֔ן עַל־ פְּנֵ֖י תֶּ֣רַח אָבִ֑יו בְּאֶ֥רֶץ מוֹלַדְתּ֖וֹ בְּא֥וּר כַּשְׂדִּֽים׃
9 of the 10 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
וימת הרן על פני תרח אביו בארץ מולדתו באור כשׂדים
Agrees with the Masoretic Text here, word for word.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Genesis 11:28
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
מוּת (mūth) is a Hebrew verb meaning 'to die' or 'to kill.' It encompasses a range of meanings from dying naturally to being executed as a penalty. The word can refer to both humans and animals, and it includes various forms such as causing death or being killed. There is a distinction in usage based on the subject, whether it is a person or God inflicting death.
מוּת vb. die
Qal
die, of natural or other causes
die as a penalty = be put to death
Po‛lel. kill, put to death, despatch (intens.)
Hiph.
abs., elsewhere c. acc., subj. man
subj. God, by inflicting penalty
of animals killing men
bring to a premature death
Hoph. be killed, put to death
base
H4191 מוּת die .. die, of natural or other causes
. die as a penalty = be put to death
. kill, put to death, despatch (intens.)
. . abs., elsewhere c. acc., subj. man
. subj. God, by inflicting penalty
. of animals killing men
. bring to a premature death
. be killed, put to death
4191 muwth mooth
a primitive root: to die (literally or figuratively);
causatively, to kill:--X at all, X crying, (be) dead (body,
man, one), (put to, worthy of) death, destroy(-er), (cause to,
be like to, must) die, kill, necro(-mancer), X must needs,
slay, X surely, X very suddenly, X in (no) wise.
מוּת (mut) — to die.
1) to die, kill, have one executed
1a)(Qal)
1a1) to die
1a2) to die (as penalty), be put to death
1a3) to die, perish (of a nation)
1a4) to die prematurely (by neglect of wise moral conduct)
1b) (Polel) to kill, put to death, dispatch
1c) (Hiphil) to kill, put to death
1d) (Hophal)
1d1) to be killed, be put to death
1d1a) to die prematurely
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect third person masculine singularHc/Vqw3ms
הָרָן (Haran) means 'mountaineer' and refers to a man from the time of the Patriarchs, specifically the youngest son of Terah, brother of Abraham, and father of Lot. The name also applies to a Gershonite Levite during David's reign and a location associated with Abraham's migration from Ur of the Chaldees, likely in Mesopotamia.
הָרָן n.pr.m. (mountaineer; i.e. mountain-people (or land)?)
son of Teraḥ, brother of Abraham and father of Lot
a Levite (Gershonite)
base
H2039 הָרָן (mountaineer; i.e. mountain-people (or land)?) . son of Teraḥ, brother of Abraham and father of Lot
. a Levite (Gershonite)
2039 Haran haw-rawn'
perhaps from 2022; mountaineer; Haran, the name of two
men:--Haran.
see HEBREW for 02022
הָרָן (ha.ran) — Haran.
A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.11.26;
son of: Terah (H8646);
brother of: Abraham (H0085), Nahor (H5152H) and Sarah (H8283);
father of: Lot (H3876), Milcah (H4435) and Iscah (H3252)
§ Haran = "mountaineer"
1) youngest son of Terah, brother of Abraham, father of Lot, Milcah, and Iscah; born and died in Ur of the Chaldees
2) a Gershonite Levite in the time of David, one of the family of Shimei
3) a son of Caleb by the concubine Ephah
4) name of the place to which Abraham migrated from Ur of the Chaldees and where the descendants of his brother Nahor established themselves; probably located in Mesopotamia, in Padanaram, the cultivated district at the foot of the hills between the Khabour and the Euphrates below Mount Masius
הָרָן (ha.ran) — Haran.
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.23.9;
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
Haran
(1.) Heb. haran; i.e., “mountaineer.” The eldest son of Terah, brother of Abraham and Nahor, and father of Lot, Milcah, and Iscah. He died before his father (Gen. 11:27), in Ur of the Chaldees.
(2.) Heb. haran, i.e., “parched;” or probably from the Accadian charana, meaning “a road.” A celebrated city of Western Asia, now Harran, where Abram remained, after he left Ur of the Chaldees, till his father Terah died (Gen. 11:31, 32), when he continued his journey into the land of Canaan. It is called “Charran” in the LXX. and in Acts 7:2. It is called the “city of Nahor” (Gen. 24:10), and Jacob resided here with Laban (30:43). It stood on the river Belik, an affluent of…
(a mountaineer). The third son of Terah, and therefore youngest brother of Abram. (Genesis 11:26) (B.C. 1926.) Three children are ascribed to him --Lot, vs. (Genesis 11:27,31) and two daughters, viz., Milcah, who married her uncle Nahor, ver. (Genesis 11:29) and Iscah. ver. (Genesis 11:29) Haran was born in Ur of the Chaldees, and he died there while his father was still living. ver. (Genesis 11:28) A Gershonite Levite in the time of David, one of the family of Shimei. (1 Chronicles 23:9) A son of the great Caleb by his concubine Ephah. (
1. The eldest son of Terah, brother of Abraham, and father of Lot, Milcah, and Iscah. He died before his father Terah, Ge 11:26- 31.
2. An ancient city called in the New Testament Charran, in the northwest part of Mesopotamia. Here, after leaving Ur, Abraham dwelt till is father Terah died; and to this old homestead Isaac sent for a wife, and Jacob fled from the wrath of Esau, Ge 11:31,32; 12:5; 24:1-67; 27:43; 28:10; 29:4. Haran was ravaged by the Assyrians in the time of Hezekiah, 2Ki 19:12; Isa 37:12. Here also Crassus the Roman general was defeated and killed by the Parthiuated on a branch of the Euphrates, in 36 degrees 52’ north latitude, and 39 degrees 5’ east…
mountainous country
The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
עַל, עָ֑ל
subst. height
As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed
—
of clothing, etc., which any one wears
With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears
. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
5921 `al al
properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the
singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a
particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always
in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great
variety of applications (as follow):--above, according
to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because
of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both
and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in
(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,
through(-out), to, touching, X with.
see HEBREW for 05920
עַל (al) — upon.
prep
1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards
1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)
1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)
1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)
1e) over (of suspension or extension)
1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)
1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)
1h) to (as a dative)
[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.
conj
Prep — PrepositionHR
On
Light; the sun, (Gen. 41:45, 50), the great seat of sun-worship, called also Bethshemesh (Jer. 43:13) and Aven (Ezek. 30:17), stood on the east bank of the Nile, a few miles north of Memphis, and near Cairo, in the north-east. The Vulgate and the LXX. Versions have “Heliopolis” (“city of the sun”) instead of On in Genesis and of Aven in Ezekiel. The “city of destruction” Isaiah speaks of (19:18, marg. “of Heres;” Heb. ‘Ir-ha-heres, which some MSS. read Ir-ha-heres, i.e., “city of the sun”) may be the name given to On, the prophecy being that the time will come when that city which was known as the “city of the sun-god” shall become the “city of destruction” of the sun-god, i.e., when idolatry shall cease, and the worship…
(abode or city of the sun), a town of lower Egypt, called BETH-SHEMESH in (Jeremiah 43:13) On is better known under its Greek name Heliopolis. It was situated on the east side of the Pelusiac branch of the Nile, just below the point of the Delta, and about twenty miles northeast of Memphis. The chief object of worship at Heliopolis was the sun, whose temple, described by Strabo, is now only represented by the single beautiful obelisk, of red granite so feet 2 inches high above the pedestal which has stood for more than 4000 years, having been erected by Usirtesen, the second king of the twelfth dynasty. Heliopolis was anciently famous for its learning, and Eudoxus and Plato studied under its priests. The first mention of this place in the Bible is in the history of Joseph, to whom we read Pharaoh gave "to wife Asenath the daughter…
See HELIOPOLIS.
pain; force; iniquity
The Hebrew word פָּנֶה (*pāneh*) is a noun meaning 'face' or 'presence,' and it appears in various contexts, including the faces of seraphim and animals, as well as the surface of the ground. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'in front of.' The word is built from a root that suggests turning or facing, and it encompasses a wide range of applications, both literal and figurative.
[פָּנֶה], pl. פָּנִים 2123 n.m. face, also faces
face, faces
presence, person
technically, see one's face, i.e. appear before one, in one's presence
face of seraphim
face of animals
face (= surface) of ground
as adv.loc. before
for other phrases
with prepositions
base
H6440 פָּנֶה, pl. פָּנִים face, also faces . . face, faces
. . presence, person
. technically, see one's face, i.e. appear before one, in one's presence
. face of seraphim
. face of animals
. face (= surface) of ground
. as adv. loc. before
. for other phrases
. with prepositions
6440 paniym paw-neem'
plural (but always as singular) of an unused noun (paneh
{paw-neh'}; from 6437); the face (as the part that turns);
used in a great variety of applications (literally and
figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a
preposition (before, etc.):--+ accept, a-(be- )fore(-time),
against, anger, X as (long as), at, + battle, + because (of),
+ beseech, countenance, edge, + employ, endure, + enquire,
face, favour, fear of, for, forefront(-part), form(-er
time, -ward), from, front, heaviness, X him(-self), +
honourable, + impudent, + in, it, look(-eth) (- s), X me, +
meet, X more than, mouth, of, off, (of) old (time), X on,
open, + out of, over against, the partial, person, + please,
presence, propect, was purposed, by reason of, + regard, right
forth, + serve, X shewbread, sight, state, straight, + street,
X thee, X them(-selves), through (+ - out), till, time(-s)
פָּנֶה (pa.neh) — face: before.
: before/to/front
1) face
1a) face, faces
1b) presence, person
1c) face (of seraphim or cherubim)
1d) face (of animals)
1e) face, surface (of ground)
1f) as adv of loc/temp
1f1) before and behind, toward, in front of, forward, formerly, from beforetime, before
1g) with prep
1g1) in front of, before, to the front of, in the presence of, in the face of, at the face or front of, from the presence of, from before, from before the face of
פָּנֶה (pa.neh) — face.
: face
1) face
1a) face, faces
1b) presence, person
1c) face (of seraphim or cherubim)
1d) face (of animals)
1e) face, surface (of ground)
1f) as adv of loc/temp
1f1) before and behind, toward, in front of, forward, formerly, from beforetime, before
1g) with prep
1g1) in front of, before, to the front of, in the presence of, in the face of, at the face or front of, from the presence of, from before, from…
HNcmpc — Noun common · masculine plural constructHNcmpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
תֶּ֫רַח (Terach) refers to the father of Abraham and also denotes a station in the Exodus journey. The entries indicate that the name may carry meanings related to 'station' or 'delay.' Terach is first mentioned in Genesis 11:24 and is associated with notable family members like Nahor and Haran.
תֶּ֫רַח n.pr.
m. father of Abraham
loc. station of Exodus journey
base
H8646 תֶּ֫רַח . father of Abraham
. station of Exodus journey
8646 Terach teh'-rakh
of uncertain derivation; Terach, the father of Abraham; also
a place in the Desert:--Tarah, Terah.
תֶּ֫רַח (te.rach) — Terah.
A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.11.24;
son of: Nahor (H5152);
father of: Abraham (H0085), Nahor (H5152H), Haran (H2039) and Sarah (H8283)
Also named: Thara (Θάρα "Terah" G2291)
§ Terah = "station"
1) the father of Abraham
Tarah = "delay"
2) a station of Israel in the wilderness
תֶּ֫רַח (te.rach) — Terah.
§ Terah = "station"
a station of Israel in the wilderness
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
Terah
The wanderer; loiterer, for some unknown reason emigrated with his family from his native mountains in the north to the plains of Mesopotamia. He had three sons, Haran, Nahor, and Abraham, and one daughter, Sarah. He settled in “Ur of the Chaldees,” where his son Haran died, leaving behind him his son Lot. Nahor settled at Haran, a place on the way to Ur. Terah afterwards migrated with Abraham (probably his youngest son) and Lot (his grandson), together with their families, from Ur, intending to go with them to Canaan; but he tarried at Haran, where he spent the remainder of his days, and died at the age of two hundred and five years (Gen. 11:24-32; Josh. 24:2). What a wonderful part the descendants of this Chaldean shepherd have played in the history of the world!
(station), the father of Abram, Nahor and Haran, and through them the ancestor of the great families of the Israelites, Ishmaelites, Midianites, Moabites and Ammonites. (Genesis 11:24-32) The account given of him in the Old Testament narrative is very brief. We learn from it simply that he was an idolater, (Joshua 24:2) that he dwelt beyond the Euphrates in Ur of the Chaldees, (Genesis 11:28) and that in the southwesterly migration, which from some unexplained cause he undertook in his old age, he went with his son Abram, his daughter-in-law Sarai, and his grandson Lot, "to go into the land of Canaan, and they came unto Haran, and dwelt there." (Genesis 11:31) And…
The son of Nahor, and father of Nahor, Haran, and Abraham, Ge 11:24, begot Abraham at the age of seventy-two years, in Ur of the Chaldeans. Upon Abraham’s first call to remove into the land of promise, Terah and all his family went with him as far as Haran, in Mesopotamia, about B. C. 1918, Ge 11:31-32. He died there the same year, aged two hundred and seventy-five years. Scripture intimates plainly that Terah had fallen into idolatry, or had for a time mingled some idolatrous practices with the worship of the true God, Jos 24:2,14; and some think that Abraham himself at fist did the same thing; but that afterwards God, being gracious to him, convinced him of the vanity of this worship, and that he undeceived his father…
to breathe; scent; blow
אָב (av) means 'father' and encompasses various roles such as the literal father of an individual, God as the father of His people, and the head of a household or clan. It can also refer to an ancestor, originator of a profession, or a figure of respect and protection. Notably, it can imply a ruler or chief in later contexts.
אָב 1101 n.m. father
father of individual
of God as father of his people
head of household, family or clan
ancestor
originator or patron of a class, profession, or art
fig. of producer, generator
fig. of benevolence & protection
term of respect & honor
specif., ruler, chief (late)
base
H1 אָב father . father of individual
. of God as father of his people
. head of household, family or clan
. ancestor
. originator or patron of a class, profession, or art
. fig. of producer, generator
. fig. of benevolence & protection
. term of respect & honor
. specif., ruler, chief (late)
1 'ab awb
a primitive word; father, in a literal and immediate, or
figurative and remote application):--chief,
(fore-)father(-less), X patrimony, principal. Compare names
in "Abi-".
אָב (av) — father.
1) father of an individual
2) of God as father of his people
3) head or founder of a household, group, family, or clan
4) ancestor
4a) grandfather, forefathers - of person
4b) of people
5) originator or patron of a class, profession, or art
6) of producer, generator (fig.)
7) of benevolence and protection (fig.)
8) term of respect and honour
9) ruler or chief (spec.)
Also means: av (אַב "father" H0002)
אָב (av) — (Huram)-abi.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ki.7.13; also called Huram-abi (KJV: "Huram my father's") at 2Ch.2.13; 4.16;
Combined with chi.ram (חִירָם "Hiram" H2438H)
אָב (av) — father of.
The father of Gibeon, also known as Abiel - a man of the tribe of Benjamin living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Sa.9.1;
son of: Zeror (H6872C); married to Maacah (H4601N);
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHNcmsc/Sp3ms
אֶ֫רֶץ (erets) is a feminine noun meaning 'earth' or 'land.' It encompasses various meanings, including the whole earth, specific territories like Canaan, and even inhabitants of the land. It can refer to soil, ground, or regions, and is used in phrases related to distance and the living. There is a note on the plural form אֲרָצוֹת, which mainly appears in later texts to denote multiple lands.
אֶ֫רֶץ n. f. & (seld.) m. earth, land
earth, whole earth (opp. to a part)
earth, opp. to heaven, sky
earth = inhabitants of earth
land =
country, territory
district, region
trial territory
piece of ground
specif. land of Canaan, or Israel
= inhabitants of land
used even of Shᵉʼôl
ground, surface of ground
soil, as productive
אֶרֶץ in phrases
people of the land
in measurements of distance
the country of the plain, level or plain country
land of the living
end(s) of the earth
pl. אֲרָצוֹת is almost wholly late; it denotes lands, countries, often in contrast to Canaan, lands of the nations, etc.
base
H776 אֶ֫רֶץ n. f. & (seld.) m. earth, land . . earth, whole earth (opp. to a part)
. earth, opp. to heaven, sky
. earth = inhabitants of earth
. land = . country, territory
. district, region
. trial territory
. piece of ground
. specif. land of Canaan, or Israel
. = inhabitants of land
. used even of Shᵉʼôl
. . ground, surface of ground
. soil, as productive
. אֶרֶץ in phrases . people of the land
. in measurements of distance
. the country of the plain, level or plain country
. land of the living
. end(s) of the earth
. pl. אֲרָצוֹת is almost wholly late; it denotes lands, countries, often in contrast to Canaan, lands of the nations, etc.
776 'erets eh'-rets
from an unused root probably meaning to be firm; the earth
(at large, or partitively a land):--X common, country, earth,
field, ground, land, X natins, way, + wilderness, world.
אֶ֫רֶץ (e.rets) — land: country/planet.
: country/field
1) land, earth
1a) earth
1a1) whole earth (as opposed to a part)
1a2) earth (as opposed to heaven)
1a3) earth (inhabitants)
1b) land
1b1) country, territory
1b2) district, region
1b3) tribal territory
1b4) piece of ground
1b5) land of Canaan, Israel
1b6) inhabitants of land
1b7) Sheol, land without return, (under) world
1b8) city (-state)
1c) ground, surface of the earth
1c1) ground
1c2) soil
1d) (in phrases)
1d1) people of the land
1d2) space or distance of country (in measurements of distance)
1d3) level or plain country
1d4) land of the living
1d5) end(s) of the earth
1e) (almost wholly late in usage)
1e1) lands, countries
1e1a) often in contrast to Canaan
אֶ֫רֶץ (e.rets) — land: soil.
: soil
1) land, earth
1a) earth
1a1) whole earth (as opposed to a part)
1a2) earth (as opposed to heaven)
1a3) earth (inhabitants)
1b) land
1b1) country, territory
Prep | N-cs — Preposition · noun common feminine singular constructHR/Ncfsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
מוֹלֶ֫דֶת (mowledeth) refers to concepts related to kinship and birth, encompassing terms like kindred, offspring, and lineage. It is derived from the root meaning 'to bear' or 'to give birth' and covers aspects of nativity and family connections. The entries consistently highlight its association with relatives and the circumstances of birth.
מוֹלֶ֫דֶת n.f. kindred, birth, offspring
base
H4138 מוֹלֶ֫דֶת kindred, birth, offspring
4138 mowledeth mo-leh'-deth
from 3205; nativity (plural birth-place); by implication,
lineage, native country; also offspring, family:--begotten,
born, issue, kindred, native(-ity).
see HEBREW for 03205
מוֹלֶ֫דֶת (mo.le.det) — relatives.
1) kindred, birth, offspring, relatives
1a) kindred
1b) birth, circumstances of birth
1c) one born, begotten, issue, offspring, female offspring
N-fs | Suff — Noun common feminine singular construct · suffixHNcfsc/Sp3ms
אוּר (ur) means 'flame' and refers to both a man mentioned in 1 Chronicles 11:35, who is the father of one of David's heroes, and an ancient city in southern Babylonia, known as a center of moon worship and the departure point for Abraham's migration. The entries consistently highlight these two aspects without significant disagreement.
אוּר n.pr.m. (flame) father of one of David's heroes 1 Ch 11:35
ref
אוּר n.pr.loc. Ur, ancient city in Southern Babylonia
base
H218a אוּר (flame) father of one of David's heroes. H218b אוּר Ur.
218 'Uwr oor
the same as 217; Ur, a place in Chaldaea; also an
Israelite:--Ur.
see HEBREW for 0217
אוּר (ur) — Ur.
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.11.35;
father of: Eliphal (H0465)
§ Ur = "flame"
father of one of David's heroes
אוּר (ur) — Ur.
§ Ur = "flame"
city in southern Babylonia, city of the Chaldeans, centre of moon worship, home of Abraham's father, Terah, and departure point for the Abraham's migration to Mesopotamia and Canaan
Prep | N-proper — Preposition · noun properHR/Npl
Ur
Light, or the moon city, a city “of the Chaldees,” the birthplace of Haran (Gen. 11:28,31), the largest city of Shinar or northern Chaldea, and the principal commercial centre of the country as well as the centre of political power. It stood near the mouth of the Euphrates, on its western bank, and is represented by the mounds (of bricks cemented by bitumen) of el-Mugheir, i.e., “the bitumined,” or “the town of bitumen,” now 150 miles from the sea and some 6 miles from the Euphrates, a little above the point where it receives the Shat el-Hie, an affluent from the Tigris. It was formerly a maritime city, as the waters of the Persian Gulf reached thus far inland. Ur was the port of Babylonia, whence trade was carried on with the dwellers on the gulf, and with the distant countries of India, Ethiopia, and Egypt. It was abandoned…
was the land of Haran’s nativity, (Genesis 11:28) the place from which Terah and Abraham started "to go into the land of Canaan." (Genesis 11:31) It is called in Genesis "Ur of the Chaldaeans," while in the Acts St. Stephen places it, by implication, in Mesopotamia. (Acts 7:2,4) These are all the indications which Scripture furnishes as to its locality. It has been identified by the most ancient traditions with the city of Orfah in the highlands of Mesopotamia, which unite the table-land of Armenia to the valley of the Euphrates. In later ages it was called Edessa, and was celebrated as the capital of Abgarus or Acbarus who was said to have received the letter and portrait of our Saviour. "Two, physical features must have…
The country of Terah, and the birthplace of Abraham, Ge 11:28,31 15:7. It is usually called "Ur of the Chaldees," Heb 9:7 Ac 7:4; and is located, with strong probability, in the north-west part of Mesopotamia. The city of Orfah, to which the Jews make pilgrimages as the birthplace of Abraham, is a flourishing town of 30,000 inhabitants, seventy-eight miles south-west of Diarbekir. Some, however, place Ur in Lower Chaldea, at extensive ruins now called Warka, in latitude 31 degrees 19’ North, longitude 45 degrees 40’ East.
כַּשְׁדִּים (Kasdim) refers to the Chaldeans or Chaldea, a region in lower Mesopotamia. The term can denote the inhabitants of this area, as well as those considered wise, such as astrologers. It is derived from כֶּסֶד (Kesed), indicating descent. The word appears in various contexts, emphasizing both the geographical and cultural significance of the Chaldeans.
כַּשְׂדִּים n.pr.gent. et terr. Kasdim = Chaldeans, Chaldea
base
H3778 כַּשְׂדִּים Kasdim = Chaldeans, Chaldea
3778 Kasdiy kas-dee'
(occasionally with enclitic) Kasdiymah {kas-dee'- maw};
towards the Kasdites:--into Chaldea), patronymically from 3777
(only in the plural); a Kasdite, or descendant of Kesed; by
implication, a Chaldaean (as if so descended); also an
astrologer (as if proverbial of that people:--Chaldeans,
Chaldees, inhabitants of Chaldea.
כַּשְׂדִּים (kas.di) — Chaldea.
§ Chaldea or Chaldeans = "clod-breakers"
1) a territory in lower Mesopotamia bordering on the Persian Gulf
2) the inhabitants of Chaldea, living on the lower Euphrates and Tigris
3) those persons considered the wisest in the land (by extension)
N-proper — Noun properHNpl
This name is taken, 1. For the people of Chaldea, and the subjects of that empire generally; 2. For philosophers, naturalists, or soothsayers, whose principal employment was the study of mathematics and astrology, by which they pretended to foretell the destiny of men born under certain constellations.
The Chaldeans were originally a warlike people, who at first inhabited the Carduchian or Koordish mountains north of Assyria and Mesopotamia, Jer 50:17. As the Assyrian monarchs extended their conquests towards the north and west, the Chaldeans also came under their dominion; and this rough and energetic people appear to have assumed, under the sway of their conquerors, a new character, and to have been transformed from a rude horde into a civilized people. A very vivid and graphic description of the Chaldean warriors is given by the…