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Ezra 2:45 — Word Study

Depth

WLCבְּנֵי־ לְבָנָ֥ה בְנֵי־ חֲגָבָ֖ה בְּנֵ֥י עַקּֽוּב׃

BSAthe descendantsbên [children, sons] of LebanahLᵉbânâʼ [moon-white] the descendantsbên [children, sons] of HagabahChăgâbâʼ [locust] the descendantsbên [children, sons] of AkkubʻAqqûwb [a Levite gatekeeper]

Word
Listen & take awayEzra 2
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 45 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration ('a.Kuv) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Ezra 2:45quick helps
In a sentenceThis verse lists the descendants of three families who returned from exile.
Who is speakingThe chronicler, documenting the returning exiles.
Where we areA genealogical record, part of a larger list of returnees.
The hard wordבְּנֵי־
Take awayThe verse emphasizes lineage and connection to heritage.
3 commentators on this verse Jamieson, Ellicott, Cambridge & more — read them › clause The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Ezra 2:45

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — The List of Returneesgenerated

44the descendants of Keros, the descendants of Siaha, the descendants of Padon,
45the descendants of Lebanah, the descendants of Hagabah, the descendants of Akkub,
46the descendants of Hagab, the descendants of Shalmai, the descendants of Hanan,
47the descendants of Giddel, the descendants of Gahar, the descendants of Reaiah,

Ezra 2:45 is part of a larger section that details the families of those who returned to Jerusalem after the Babylonian exile. This verse specifically lists the descendants of Lebanah, Hagabah, and Akkub, highlighting their roles in the restoration of the community. Such genealogies were important for establishing identity and inheritance within the returning exiles, as seen throughout this chapter.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Nehemiah 7:48the descendants of Lebanah, the descendants of Hagabah, the descendants of Shalmai,

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 1 reference, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word בְּנֵי־, be.nei-generated

The word בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'descendant' and is used here to indicate familial relationships. It can refer to a child, grandchild, or broader descendants, emphasizing lineage and inheritance.

In this verse, it shows the connection of these families to their ancestors, reinforcing their place in the community of Israel after the exile.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The structure of this verse is straightforward, with a series of noun phrases connected by the finite verb understood in the context. The main focus is on the families being listed, each beginning with בְּנֵי־ (be.nei-), indicating their lineage.

The phrase order emphasizes the continuity of these families as part of the returning exiles, with each descendant group clearly delineated.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates בְּנֵי־ as υἱοὶ (G5207), meaning 'sons'. This choice aligns closely with the Hebrew meaning, maintaining the emphasis on familial relationships.

The translation reflects a direct correspondence to the Hebrew, preserving the genealogical context of the verse.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Ezra 2:45 lists the descendants of three families who returned to Jerusalem after the exile: Lebanah, Hagabah, and Akkub. Each family is identified as part of the community rebuilding their lives and heritage in Israel.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

Who were the descendants mentioned in this verse?

The verse mentions the descendants of Lebanah, Hagabah, and Akkub, who were part of the returning exiles.

What is the significance of these genealogies?

Genealogies like this one establish identity and inheritance among the returning exiles, reinforcing their connection to their ancestors.

Why is it important to know the names of these families?

Knowing the names helps us understand the social structure and community rebuilding efforts after the exile.

How does this verse fit into the larger narrative of Ezra?

This verse is part of a list that documents the families who returned to Jerusalem, contributing to the restoration of the Jewish community.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. What does it mean for me to be part of a family or community with a shared history?
  2. How can understanding my own heritage help me in my faith journey?
  3. In what ways can I contribute to the rebuilding of my community, similar to the exiles?
  4. What roles do genealogies and family histories play in our understanding of identity today?

Commentators on this verse — 3 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Ezra 2:45 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

The children of Keros, the children of Siaha, the children of Padon, No JFB commentary on these verses.

Read Robert Jamieson on Ezra 2 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(43-58) The Nethinims.—By the etymology those given: known by this name only in the later books. (See 1 Chronicles 9:2.) They were hieroduli, or temple-bondsmen: the lowest order of the ministry, performing the more laborious duties of the sanctuary. Their history runs through a long period. Moses apportioned them first, from the Midianite captives (Numbers 31:47); they were reinforced from the Gibeonites (Joshua 9:23), and probably later by David (Ezra 8:20). Three names—Akkub, Hagab, and Asnah—have dropped from Neheniiah’s list, which gives also some unimportant changes in the spelling of the names.

Read Charles John Ellicott on Ezra 2 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

43–54. Nethinim. This class is mentioned in the books Ezra and Nehemiah (Ezra 2:43; Ezra 2:58; Ezra 2:70; Ezra 7:7; Ezra 7:24; Ezra 8:17; Ezra 8:20; Nehemiah 3:26; Nehemiah 3:31; Nehemiah 7:46; Nehemiah 7:60; Nehemiah 7:73; Nehemiah 10:28; Nehemiah 11:3; Nehemiah 11:21) and only once elsewhere (1 Chronicles 9:2). From these passages it is evident that the Nethinim were a class subordinate to the Levites but ranking before ‘the servants of Solomon’ (Ezra 2:55) in the services of the Temple. Their origin is hid in great obscurity. The name denotes ‘given’. Jewish tradition identified them mainly with the Gibeonites, who had been assigned by Joshua to the Levites to assist them in the…

Read Cambridge on Ezra 2 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

the descendants of Lebanah, the descendants of Hagabah, the descendants of Akkub,

WEBWorld English Bible2000

the children of Lebanah, the children of Hagabah, the children of Akkub,

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

the descendants of Lebanah, the descendants of Hagabah, the descendants of Akkub,

NETBNew English Translation2006

the descendants of Lebanah, the descendants of Hagabah, the descendants of Akkub,

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

The children of Lebanah, the children of Hagabah, the children of Akkub,

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

the children of Lebanah, the children of Hagabah, the children of Akkub,

RVARevised Version, American1894

the children of Lebanah, the children of Hagabah, the children of Akkub;

NWBWebster's Bible1833

The children of Lebanah, the children of Hagabah, the children of Akkub,

GNVGeneva Bible1599

The sonnes of Lebanah, the sonnes of Hagabah, the sonnes of Akkub,

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

the children of Lebanah, the children of Hagabah, the children of Akkub,

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

Sons of Lebanah, sons of Hagabah, sons of Akkub,

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

sons of Lebanah, sons of Hagabah, sons of Akkub,

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

The children of Lebanah, the children of Chagabah, the children of 'Akkub.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

Lebanah, Hagabah, Akkub,

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

The children of Lebana, the children of Hegaba, the children of Accub,

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

Lebanah, Hagabah, Akkub,

BBEBible in Basic English1949

The children of Lebanah, the children of Hagabah, the children of Akkub,

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clausenoun phrase · predicatenoun phraseבְּנֵיthe.descendantsלְבָנָ֥הof.Lebanahnoun phraseבְנֵיthe.descendantsחֲגָבָ֖הof.Hagabahnoun phraseבְּנֵ֥יthe.descendantsעַקּֽוּבof.Akkub

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree in their wording for this verse, with all six words matched. This shows a consistency in the genealogical record across these ancient texts.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

בְּנֵי־ לְבָנָ֥ה בְנֵי־ חֲגָבָ֖ה בְּנֵ֥י עַקּֽוּב׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
בְּנֵי־υἱοὶלְבָנָ֥הλαβανωבְנֵי־υἱοὶחֲגָבָ֖הαγαβαבְּנֵ֥יυἱοὶעַקּֽוּב׃ακαβωθ

6 of the 6 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Ezra 2:45בֵּן[the] desce[the] descendanבֵּןלְבָנָאLebanahLebanahלְבָנָאבֵּן[the] desce[the] descendanבֵּןחֲגָבָאHagabahHagabahחֲגָבָאבֵּן[the] desce[the] descendanבֵּןעַקּוּבAkkubAkkubעַקּוּבבָּנָהto buildto buildבָּנָהעָקַבto assailto assailעָקַבלְבָנָהmoonmoonלְבָנָהחָגָבHagabHagabחָגָבעַמּוֹןAmmonAmmonעַמּוֹןרְאוּבֵןReubenReubenרְאוּבֵןטַלְמֹןTalmonTalmonטַלְמֹןחֲטִיטָאHatitaHatitaחֲטִיטָא
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Ezra 2:45

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

[the] descendants of Lebanah [the] descendants of Hagabah [the] descendants of Akkub
בְּנֵי־be.nei- [the] descendants of H1121 Noun common · masculine plural construct
4,943× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this word means a son or descendant, and can also refer to a grandson, nation, or quality. It appears in 1 Chronicles 24, describing a Levite named Beno. The word is used to show family relationships and inheritance.
Amplified meaning
children, sons
Tyndale gloss
son: child
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'male child' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including descendants, young animals, and even figurative uses like sparks or arrows. It can refer to members of a tribe or class and is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, such as in 1 Chronicles 24:26. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to build' and implies a connection to family or lineage.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בֵּן 4870 n.m. son

son, male child, born of a woman

children (male and female)

youth, young men

the young of animals

of plant shoots

fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows

member of a guild, order or class

of animals son of (the) herd

ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.

n. relat. of age

base

בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 27 as n.pr.m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.

done

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1121a בֵּן son . son, male child, born of a woman

. children (male and female)

. youth, young men

. the young of animals

. of plant shoots

. fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows

. . member of a guild, order or class

. of animals son of (the) herd

. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.

. n. relat. of age

H1121b בְּנוֹ as n. pr. m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1121 ben bane

from 1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the

widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship,

including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,

etc., (like 1, 251, etc.)):--+ afflicted, age, (Ahoh-)

(Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to,

(+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born,

bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X

came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of

first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, +

kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+)

people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, +

spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous

one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.

see HEBREW for 01129

see HEBREW for 01

see HEBREW for 0251

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בֵּן (ben) — son: child.

: child/son

בְּנוֹ (be.no) — Beno.

A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.24.26;

son of: Jaaziah (H3269);

brother of: Shoham (H7719), Zaccur (H2139I) and Ibri (H5681)

§ Beno = "his son"

the sons of Jaaziah and the sons of Merari by Jaahziah (his son)

בֵּן (ben) — son: descendant/people.

: descendant, people, tribe, nation

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

§ : child/son

בֵּן (ben) — son: young animal.

: calf/lamb/young(ANIMAL)

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

§ : descendant

בֵּן (ben) — son: type of.

: rebel/son(Belial)

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

§ : people/men/nation/tribe

בֵּן (ben) — son.

: [inheriting]son/heir

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

בֵּן (ben) — son: warrior.

: warrior/son(strong)

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural construct
HNcmpc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

[the] descendants of Lebanah [the] descendants of Hagabah [the] descendants of Akkub
לְבָנָ֥הle.va.Nah Lebanah H3838 Noun proper masculine
2× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Lebanah was a person who returned to Israel with Zerubbabel after the exile, his name means moon-white.
Amplified meaning
moon-white
Tyndale gloss
Lebanah
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לְבָנָא (Lebanah) refers to a man mentioned in the context of the Exile and Return, specifically as a head of a family of exiles who returned with Zerubbabel. The name is noted to mean 'moon-white' and appears in Ezra 2:45 and Nehemiah 7:48. The entries indicate that it is linked to the root word for 'white' in Hebrew.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לְבָנָא head of a family of returning exiles

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3838 לְבָנָא

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3838 Lbana' leb-aw-naw'

or Lbanah {leb-aw-naw'}; the same as 3842; Lebana or Lebanah,

one of the Nethinim:--Lebana, Lebanah.

see HEBREW for 03842

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לְבָנָא (le.va.na) — Lebanah.

A man living at the time of Exile and Return, first mentioned at Ezr.2.45; also called Lebana at Neh.7.48;

§ Lebanah or Lebana = "moon-white"

head of a family of exiles who returned with Zerubbabel

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper masculine
HNpm
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Smith's Bible Dictionary

(white) in (Ezra 2:45)

Nave's Topical Bible

→ Also called LEBANA

→ One of the Nethinim Ezr 2:45; Ne 7:48

[the] descendants of Lebanah [the] descendants of Hagabah [the] descendants of Akkub
בְנֵי־ve.nei- [the] descendants of H1121 Noun common · masculine plural construct
4,943× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this word means a son or descendant, and can also refer to a grandson, nation, or quality. It appears in 1 Chronicles 24, describing a Levite named Beno. The word is used to show family relationships and inheritance.
Amplified meaning
children, sons
Tyndale gloss
son: child
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'male child' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including descendants, young animals, and even figurative uses like sparks or arrows. It can refer to members of a tribe or class and is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, such as in 1 Chronicles 24:26. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to build' and implies a connection to family or lineage.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בֵּן 4870 n.m. son

son, male child, born of a woman

children (male and female)

youth, young men

the young of animals

of plant shoots

fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows

member of a guild, order or class

of animals son of (the) herd

ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.

n. relat. of age

base

בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 27 as n.pr.m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.

done

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1121a בֵּן son . son, male child, born of a woman

. children (male and female)

. youth, young men

. the young of animals

. of plant shoots

. fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows

. . member of a guild, order or class

. of animals son of (the) herd

. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.

. n. relat. of age

H1121b בְּנוֹ as n. pr. m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1121 ben bane

from 1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the

widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship,

including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,

etc., (like 1, 251, etc.)):--+ afflicted, age, (Ahoh-)

(Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to,

(+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born,

bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X

came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of

first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, +

kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+)

people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, +

spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous

one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.

see HEBREW for 01129

see HEBREW for 01

see HEBREW for 0251

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בֵּן (ben) — son: child.

: child/son

בְּנוֹ (be.no) — Beno.

A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.24.26;

son of: Jaaziah (H3269);

brother of: Shoham (H7719), Zaccur (H2139I) and Ibri (H5681)

§ Beno = "his son"

the sons of Jaaziah and the sons of Merari by Jaahziah (his son)

בֵּן (ben) — son: descendant/people.

: descendant, people, tribe, nation

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

§ : child/son

בֵּן (ben) — son: young animal.

: calf/lamb/young(ANIMAL)

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

§ : descendant

בֵּן (ben) — son: type of.

: rebel/son(Belial)

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

§ : people/men/nation/tribe

בֵּן (ben) — son.

: [inheriting]son/heir

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

בֵּן (ben) — son: warrior.

: warrior/son(strong)

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural construct
HNcmpc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

[the] descendants of Lebanah [the] descendants of Hagabah [the] descendants of Akkub
חֲגָבָ֖הcha.ga.Vah Hagabah H2286 Noun proper masculine
2× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Hagabah was another leader who returned to Jerusalem with Zerubbabel. His name also means 'locust' and he is mentioned in Ezra 2:45 and Nehemiah 7:48.
Amplified meaning
locust
Tyndale gloss
Hagaba
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

חֲגָבָא (Chagaba' or חֲגָבָה Chagabah) refers to a head of a family of returning exiles mentioned in the Old Testament, specifically in Ezra 2:45 and Nehemiah 7:48. The word is also linked to the meaning 'locust,' derived from a related term.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

חֲגָבָא n.pr.m. head of a family of returning exiles Ne 7:48

ref

חֲגָבָה n.pr.m. head of a family of returning exiles Ezr 2:45

ref

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2286a חֲגָבָא head of a family of returning exiles H2286b חֲגָבָה head of a family of returning exiles

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2286 Chagaba' khag-aw-baw'

or Chagabah {khag-aw-baw'}; feminine of 2285; locust; Chagaba

or Chagabah, one of the Nethinim:--Hagaba, Hagabah.

see HEBREW for 02285

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

חֲגָבָא (cha.ga.va) — Hagaba.

Hagaba or Hagabah = "locust"

head of a family of exiles who returned with Zerubbabel

חֲגָבָה (cha.ga.vah) — Hagabah.

A man living at the time of Exile and Return, first mentioned at Ezr.2.45; also called Hagaba at Neh.7.48;

§ Hagaba or Hagabah = "locust"

head of a family of exiles who returned with Zerubbabel

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper masculine
HNpm
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ha-ga'-ba, hag'-a-ba (chaghabhah, "locust"): Like Hagab, an ancestor of some of the Nethinim who returned from Babylon with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:45); spelled Hagaba in the parallel passage (Ne 7:48).

[the] descendants of Lebanah [the] descendants of Hagabah [the] descendants of Akkub
בְּנֵ֥יbe.Nei [the] descendants of H1121 Noun common · masculine plural construct
4,943× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this word means a son or descendant, and can also refer to a grandson, nation, or quality. It appears in 1 Chronicles 24, describing a Levite named Beno. The word is used to show family relationships and inheritance.
Amplified meaning
children, sons
Tyndale gloss
son: child
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'male child' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including descendants, young animals, and even figurative uses like sparks or arrows. It can refer to members of a tribe or class and is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, such as in 1 Chronicles 24:26. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to build' and implies a connection to family or lineage.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בֵּן 4870 n.m. son

son, male child, born of a woman

children (male and female)

youth, young men

the young of animals

of plant shoots

fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows

member of a guild, order or class

of animals son of (the) herd

ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.

n. relat. of age

base

בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 27 as n.pr.m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.

done

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1121a בֵּן son . son, male child, born of a woman

. children (male and female)

. youth, young men

. the young of animals

. of plant shoots

. fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows

. . member of a guild, order or class

. of animals son of (the) herd

. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.

. n. relat. of age

H1121b בְּנוֹ as n. pr. m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1121 ben bane

from 1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the

widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship,

including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,

etc., (like 1, 251, etc.)):--+ afflicted, age, (Ahoh-)

(Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to,

(+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born,

bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X

came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of

first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, +

kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+)

people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, +

spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous

one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.

see HEBREW for 01129

see HEBREW for 01

see HEBREW for 0251

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בֵּן (ben) — son: child.

: child/son

בְּנוֹ (be.no) — Beno.

A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.24.26;

son of: Jaaziah (H3269);

brother of: Shoham (H7719), Zaccur (H2139I) and Ibri (H5681)

§ Beno = "his son"

the sons of Jaaziah and the sons of Merari by Jaahziah (his son)

בֵּן (ben) — son: descendant/people.

: descendant, people, tribe, nation

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

§ : child/son

בֵּן (ben) — son: young animal.

: calf/lamb/young(ANIMAL)

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

§ : descendant

בֵּן (ben) — son: type of.

: rebel/son(Belial)

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

§ : people/men/nation/tribe

בֵּן (ben) — son.

: [inheriting]son/heir

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

בֵּן (ben) — son: warrior.

: warrior/son(strong)

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural construct
HNcmpc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

[the] descendants of Lebanah [the] descendants of Hagabah [the] descendants of Akkub
עַקּֽוּב׃'a.Kuv Akkub H6126 Noun proper masculine
8× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Akkub refers to five different Israelites, including a descendant of David and a Levite gatekeeper, mentioned in Nehemiah 8:7. They lived during the time of Exile and Return. Akkub means insidious.
Amplified meaning
a Levite gatekeeper
Tyndale gloss
Akkub
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עַקּוּב (Aqquwb) refers to a name meaning "insidious" and is associated with several individuals in the Old Testament, particularly during the Exile and Return period. The entries highlight Akkub as a descendant of David, a head of families returning from exile, and a Levite gatekeeper, with mentions in 1 Chronicles, Ezra, and Nehemiah.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עַקּוּב n.pr.m.

descendant of David

heads of post-exilic families

Levites

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6126 עַקּוּב

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6126 `Aqquwb ak-koob'

from 6117; insidious; Akkub, the name of five

Israelites:--Akkub.

see HEBREW for 06117

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עַקּוּב (aq.quv) — Akkub.

A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.3.24;

son of: Elioenai (H0454B);

brother of: Hodaviah (H1938), Eliashib (H0475), Pelaiah (H6411B), Johanan (H3110I), Delaiah (H1806) and Anani (H6054)

§ Akkub = "insidious"

1) son of Elioenai and descendant of David through Zerubbabel

2) a head of a family returning from exile

3) head of a family of temple slaves returning from exile

4) a Levite gatekeeper

5) a Levite who helped Ezra expound the law to the people

6) a Levite gatekeeper after the return from exile

עַקּוּב (aq.quv) — Akkub.

A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Exile and Return, first mentioned at 1Ch.9.17

§ Akkub = "insidious"

1) son of Elioenai and descendant of David through Zerubbabel

2) a head of a family returning from exile

3) head of a family of temple slaves returning from exile

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper masculine
HNpm
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ak'-ub (`aqqubh, "pursuer"):

(1) A son of Elioenai, a descendant of Zerubbabel (1Ch 3:24).

(2) A Levite porter on duty at the east gate of the second Temple (1Ch 9:17).

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Akkub

(another form of Jacob). (1.) The head of one of the families of Nethinim (Ezra 2:45).

(2.) A Levite who kept the gate of the temple after the return from Babylon (1 Chr. 9:17; Ezra 2:42; Neh. 7:45).

(3.) A descendant of David (1 Chr. 3:24).

Smith's Bible Dictionary

(insidious). A descendant of Zerubbabel and son of Elioenai. (1 Chronicles 3:24) One of the porters or doorkeepers at the east gate of the temple. (B.C. 636-440.) One of the Nethinim, whole family returned with Zerubbabel. (Ezra 2:45) (B.C. 536.) A Levite who assisted Ezra in expounding the law to the people. (Nehemiah 8:7)

Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary

foot-print; supplanting; crookedness; lewdness

Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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