Genesis 36:1 — Word Study
WLCוְאֵ֛לֶּה תֹּלְד֥וֹת עֵשָׂ֖ו ה֥וּא אֱדֽוֹם׃
BSAThisʼêl-leh is the accounttôwlᵉdâh [genealogy, family history] of EsauʻÊsâv [the hairy one, twin brother of Jacob] (that ishûwʼ Edom)ʼĔdôm [the region, his descendants]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְאֵ֛לֶּה | and these | Conjunction, particle |
| תֹּלְד֥וֹת | [are] [the] accounts of | Noun common, feminine plural construct |
| עֵשָׂ֖ו | Esau | Noun proper masculine |
| ה֥וּא | that | Pronoun |
| אֱדֽוֹם׃ | [is] Edom | Noun proper masculine |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | This is the account of Esau (that is, Edom). |
| KJV | Now these are the generations of Esau, who is Edom. |
| ASV | Now these are the generations of Esau (the same is Edom). |
| YLT | And these [are] births of Esau, who [is] Edom. |
| WEB | Now this is the history of the generations of Esau (that is, Edom). |
| BBE | Now these are the generations of Esau, that is to say, Edom. |
Where they part company is in the rendering of תֹּלְד֥וֹת — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence is straightforward, presenting a main clause with a parenthetical explanation.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectהוּא
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Genesis 36:1
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Account of Esaugenerated
Genesis 36:1 presents the genealogy of Esau, who is also known as Edom. This verse sets the stage for the subsequent details about Esau's family and descendants, highlighting his significance in the biblical narrative. The mention of Edom connects Esau to a broader historical and geographical context, as the Edomites descended from him, as seen in later chapters.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Genesis 22:17 | I will surely bless you, and I will multiply your descendants like the stars in the sky and the sand on the seashore. Your descendants will possess the gates of their enemies. |
| 2 | Genesis 25:24–34 | When her time came to give birth, there were indeed twins in her womb. |
| 3 | Genesis 27:35–41 | But Isaac replied, “Your brother came deceitfully and took your blessing.” |
| 4 | Genesis 32:3–7 | Jacob sent messengers ahead of him to his brother Esau in the land of Seir, the country of Edom. |
| 5 | Numbers 20:14–21 | From Kadesh, Moses sent messengers to tell the king of Edom, “This is what your brother Israel says: You know all the hardship that has befallen us, |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 9 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — תֹּלְד֥וֹת, to.le.Dotgenerated
The word תֹּלְד֥וֹת (toledot) refers to genealogies or accounts of descent, emphasizing familial lineage. It is a feminine plural noun that signifies the history of a family and their descendants, often used in contexts where the ancestry or heritage is being detailed.
In this verse, it introduces the genealogy of Esau, indicating that what follows will detail his lineage and the generations that came from him. This word is significant in the Torah, as it often marks the beginning of a new section that recounts the history of a particular family or individual.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, which maintains the phrase the account of, aligning with the KJV and ASV.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb structure is implicit, with the main clause being וְאֵ֛לֶּה (and these), which introduces the subject עֵשָׂ֖ו (Esau) and its predicate ה֥וּא (that). The sentence structure is straightforward, presenting Esau's identity and his connection to Edom in a clear manner.
The word order emphasizes the subject עֵשָׂ֖ו (Esau) and its predicate אֱדֽוֹם (Edom), highlighting Esau's significance and establishing the genealogical context.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates תֹּלְד֥וֹת as genealogies (γενεαλογίαι), indicating a focus on family history. This choice aligns with the Hebrew meaning but may broaden the interpretation to emphasize the historical significance of Esau's lineage.
The Greek term עֵשָׂ֖ו is rendered as ησαυ, maintaining the identity of Esau, which shows continuity in the understanding of this character across translations.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Genesis 36:1 introduces the genealogy of Esau, who is also called Edom. This verse sets up the family history that follows, detailing Esau's descendants and their significance.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The term 'account' refers to the genealogy or family history of Esau, detailing his lineage and descendants.
Esau is called Edom, which means 'red', referring to his physical appearance at birth and the region associated with him.
Esau's genealogy is significant as it traces the lineage of the Edomites, who play a role in the biblical narrative and history.
This verse connects to the broader narrative by establishing Esau's lineage, which is important for understanding the relationships between the descendants of Isaac, Jacob, and Esau.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What can I learn about family heritage from Esau's genealogy?
- How does understanding Esau's identity as Edom impact my reading of the biblical narrative?
- In what ways does Esau's story reflect the complexities of family relationships?
- How can I apply the lessons from Esau's lineage to my own family history?
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Genesis 36:1 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleNow these [are] the generations of Esau, who [is] Edom. Who was surnamed Edom, from the red pottage he sold his birthright for to his brother Jacob, Genesis 25:30; an account is given of him, and his
Read John Gill on Genesis 36 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryNow these are the generations of Esau, who is Edom Now these are the generations of Esau, who is Edom. These are the generations - history of the leading men and events (cf. Genesis 2:4).
Read Robert Jamieson on Genesis 36 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleGENESIS CHAPTER 36 Esau’ s wives and children born in Canaan, . They remove from Jacob to Seir; the reason, . His posterity, ; as also that of Seir the Horite, ; among whom is Anah, who first found out mules in the wilderness, . His children, . A catalogue of kings and princes in Edom, . 1796 They are here mentioned partly to show the effect of his father’ s blessing, ; partly that the Israelites might be admonished to treat the Edomites like brethren, and not to invade their land. See .
Read Matthew Poole on Genesis 36 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsGenesis 36:1 Now these [are] the generations of Esau, who [is] Edom.Ver. 1. Who is Edom.] The name and note of his profaneness. A stigmatical Belialist. It were a happiness to the wicked, if they might be forgotten.
Read John Trapp on Genesis 36 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English ReadersXXXVI. THE TΤLDΤTH ESAU.(1) The generations of Esau.—This tτldτth, consisting of Gen 36:1 to Genesis 37:1, is very remarkable, if it were only for the difficulties with which it abounds, and which have too often been aggravated by the determination of commentators to make Holy Scripture bend to their pre-conceived ideas as to what it ought to be, instead of dutifully accepting it as it is. It begins with an enumeration of Esau’s wives, in which the names are different from those given in Genesis 26:34; Genesis 28:9. Next we have the genealogy of Esau, upon the same principle as that whereby the tτldτth Ishmael was inserted immediately after the history of Abraham’s death (Genesis 25:12-18)…
Read Charles John Ellicott on Genesis 36 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleCHAPTER XXXVI The genealogy of Esau, i.e., his sons, by his Canaanitish wives Adah, Aholibamah, and Bashemath, 1-3. The children of Adah and Bashemath, 4. Of Aholibamah, 5. Esau departs from Canaan and goes to Mount Seir, 6-8. The generations of Esau, i.e., his grandchildren, while in Seir, 7-19. Anah finds mules (Yemim) in the wilderness, 24. The generations of Seir, the Horite, 29-30. The kings which reigned in Edom, 31-39. The dukes that succeeded them, 40-43. NOTES ON CHAP. XXXVI Verse 1. These are the generations of Esau] We have here the genealogy of Esau in his sons and grandsons, and also the genealogy of Seir the Horite. The genealogy of the sons of Esau, born in Canaan, is related…
Read AdamClarke on Genesis 36 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges1–5. Esau’s Wives and Children 1. the same is Edom] A gloss introduced here and in Genesis 36:8; Genesis 36:19.
Read Cambridge on Genesis 36 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible- Section XII - Jacob - The History of Esau 2. <אהלבמה 'ohŏlı̂ybâmâh, Oholibamah, “tent of the high place.” ענה ‛ǎnâh, ‘Anah, “answering.” צבעון tsı̂b‛ôn, Tsib‘on, “dyer, colored.” 4.
Read Albert Barnes on Genesis 36 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
This is the account of Esau (that is, Edom).
Now this is the history of the generations of Esau (that is, Edom).
This is the account of Esau (that is, Edom).
What follows is the account of Esau (also known as Edom).
Tyndale line
Now these are the generations of Esau, who is Edom.
Now these are the generations of Esau (the same is Edom).
Now these are the generations of Esau (the same is Edom).
Now these are the generations of Esau, who is Edom.
Nowe these are the generations of Esau, which is Edom.
Strictly literal
And these are the generations of Esau, that is Edom.
And these [are] births of Esau, who [is] Edom.
And these [are] the generations of Esau, who [is] Edom.
Now these are the generations of Esau, who is Edom.
These were the descendants of Esau (also called Edom).
From the Latin
And these are the generations of Esau, the same is Edom.
Simplified
The following is the genealogy of Esau (also known as Edom).
Now these are the generations of Esau, that is to say, Edom.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text is supported by the Septuagint, which closely matches the Hebrew wording. The Samaritan Pentateuch differs slightly in using תולדת instead of תֹּלְד֥וֹת, indicating a singular focus on Esau's lineage rather than a plural account.
וְאֵ֛לֶּה תֹּלְד֥וֹת עֵשָׂ֖ו ה֥וּא אֱדֽוֹם׃
4 of the 5 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
ואלה תולדת עשׂו הוא אדום
1 word differs from the Masoretic Text: תולדת (generations)
[ואלה] [תלדות] [עשו] [הוא] [אדום]
nothing on the leather here — 5 supplied entire by an editor.
ואלה [תלדות] [עשו] [הוא] [אדום]
1 word on the leather — 4 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Genesis 36:1
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
אֵ֫לֶּה (el-leh) means 'these' and is used in various grammatical contexts, often in apposition to a noun with a pronoun suffix. It can appear with or without the definite article and is sometimes paired with other terms like וְאֵלֶּה (and these). The word conveys a sense of proximity or specification, referring to particular items or people.
אֵ֫לֶּה pr.pl.m. & f. these
in appos. to a subst. with a pron. suff. (always without the article)
repeated, אלה … ואלה, these … those
with the art. (but only after a subst. determined likewise by the art.)
with preps.
base
H428 אֵ֫לֶּה these . in appos. to a subst. with a pron. suff. (always without the article)
. repeated, אלה … ואלה, these … those
. with the art. (but only after a subst. determined likewise by the art.)
. with preps.
428 'el-leh ale'-leh
prolonged from 411; these or those:--an- (the) other; one
sort, so, some, such, them, these (same), they, this, those,
thus, which, who(-m).
see HEBREW for 0411
אֵ֫לֶּה (el.leh) — these.
1) these
1a) used before antecedent
1b) used following antecedent
Aramaic equivalent: el.leh (אֵלֶּה "these" H0429)
Conj | Pron — Conjunction · particleHC/Tm
תּוֹלֵדוֹת (towldah) refers to generations, particularly in genealogical contexts, encompassing a man's descendants and their history. It is derived from the root meaning of descent and can also imply a broader historical account. The term is used in plural form and highlights familial lineage and genealogical lists.
[תּוֹלֵדוֹת] 39 n.f.pl. generations, esp. in genealogies = account of a man and his descendants
base
H8435 תּוֹלֵדוֹת generations, esp. in genealogies = account of a man and his descendants
8435 towldah to-led-aw'
or toldah {to-led-aw'}; from 3205; (plural only) descent,
i.e. family; (figuratively) history:--birth, generations.
see HEBREW for 03205
תּוֹלֵדוֹת (to.le.dah) — generation.
1) descendants, results, proceedings, generations, genealogies
1a) account of men and their descendants
1a1) genealogical list of one's descendants
1a2) one's contemporaries
1a3) course of history (of creation etc)
1b) begetting or account of heaven (metaph)
N-fp — Noun common · feminine plural constructHNcfpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
עֵשָׂו (Esav) refers to Esau, the hairy eldest son of Isaac and Rebekah, and the twin brother of Jacob. He is noted for selling his birthright for food and is considered the progenitor of the Arab peoples. The name is also associated with Edom, and the entries indicate that it derives from a root meaning 'rough' or 'sensibly felt.'
עֵשָׂו 97 n.pr.m. Esau
base
H6215 עֵשָׂו Esau
6215 `Esav ay-sawv'
apparently a form of the passive participle of 6213 in the
original sense of handling; rough (i.e. sensibly felt); Esav,
a son of Isaac, including his posterity:--Esau.
see HEBREW for 06213
עֵשָׂו (e.sav) — Esau.
A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.25.25;
son of: Isaac (H3327) and Rebekah (H7259);
brother of: Israel (H3478); married to Oholibamah (H0173), Judith (H3067), Adah (H5711H) and Mahalath (H4258);
father of: Eliphaz (H0464), Reuel (H7467), Jeush (H3266), Jalam (H3281) and Korah (H7141); also called Edom at Gen.25.30; 36.1,8,19,21; 1x,54;
Also named: e.dom (אֱדוֹם "Edom" H0123H)
§ Esau = "hairy"
eldest son of Isaac and Rebecca and twin brother of Jacob; sold the birthright for food when he was hungry and the divine blessing went to Jacob; progenitor of the Arab peoples
עֵשָׂו (e.sav) — Esau.
People descended from Esau = "hairy"
eldest son of Isaac and Rebecca and twin brother of Jacob; sold the birthright for food when he was hungry and the divine blessing went to Jacob; progenitor of the Arab peoples
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
e'-so (`esaw, "hairy"; Esau):
Son of Isaac, twin brother of Jacob. The name was given on account of the hairy covering on his body at birth: "all over like a hairy garment" (Ge 25:25). There was a prenatal foreshadowing of the relation his descendants were to sustain to those of his younger brother, Jacob (Ge 25:23). The moment of his birth also was signalized by a circumstance that betokened the same destiny (Ge 25:26).
The young Esau was fond of the strenuous, daring life of the chase--he became a skillful hunter, "a man of the field" ('ish sadheh). His father warmed toward him rather than toward Jacob, because Esau's hunting expeditions resulted in meats that appealed to the old man's taste (
Esau
Hairy, Rebekah’s first-born twin son (Gen. 25:25). The name of Edom, “red”, was also given to him from his conduct in connection with the red lentil “pottage” for which he sold his birthright (30, 31). The circumstances connected with his birth foreshadowed the enmity which afterwards subsisted between the twin brothers and the nations they founded (25:22, 23, 26). In process of time Jacob, following his natural bent, became a shepherd; while Esau, a “son of the desert,” devoted himself to the perilous and toilsome life of a huntsman. On a certain occasion, on returning from the chase, urged by the cravings of hunger, Esau sold his birthright to his brother, Jacob, who thereby obtained the covenant blessing (Gen. 27:28, 29, 36;
(hairy), the eldest son of Isaac, and twin-brother of Jacob. The singular appearance of the child at his birth originated the name. (Genesis 25:25) Esau’s robust frame and "rough" aspect were the types of a wild and daring nature. He was a thorough Bedouin, a "son of the desert." He was much loved by his father, and was of course his heir, but was induced to sell his birthright to Jacob. Mention of his unhappy marriages may be found in (Genesis 26:34) The next episode in the life of Esau is the loss of his father’s covenant blessing, which Jacob secured through the craft of his mother, and the anger of Esau, who vows vengeance. (Genesis 27:1) ... Later he marries a daughter of Ishmael, (
The son of Isaac, and twin brother of Jacob, Ge 25:1-34. He was the elder of the two, and was therefore legally the heir, but sold his birthright to Jacob. We have an account of his ill-advised marriages, Ge 26:34; of his loss of his father’s chief blessing, and his consequent anger against Jacob, Ge 27:1-46; of their subsequent reconciliation, Ge 32:1-33:20; and of his posterity, Ge 36:1-43. He is also called Edom; and settled in the mountains south of the Dead Sea, extending to the gulf of Akaba, where he became very powerful. This country was called from him the land of Edom, and afterwards IDUMAEA, which see.
הוּא (hu) is a third-person singular pronoun meaning he, she, or it, used for emphasis or when no verb is present. It can also refer to oneself or serve as a demonstrative pronoun. The word has various nuances, including resuming the subject with emphasis or expressing it unobtrusively. It can indicate 'that' or 'those' when used with the definite article.
הוּא m. הִיא f., pron. of the 3rd ps. sing. he, she, used also (in both genders) for the neuter it
an emph. he (she, it, they), sometimes equivalent to himself (herself, itself, themselves), or (esp. with the art.) that (those)
It resumes the subj. with emph.
Where, however, the pron. follows the pred., its position gives it the minimum of emphasis, and it expresses (or resumes) the subject as unobtrusively as possible
It anticipates (as it seems) the subject
As an emph. predicate, of God
In a neuter sense, that, it (of an action, occurrence, matte, etc.)
With the art.: so regularly when joined to a subst. defined itself by the art.
base
H1931 הוּא, הִיא he, she, used also (in both genders) for the neuter it . an emph. he (she, it, they), sometimes equivalent to himself (herself, itself, themselves), or (esp. with the art.) that (those)
. It resumes the subj. with emph.
. Where, however, the pron. follows the pred., its position gives it the minimum of emphasis, and it expresses (or resumes) the subject as unobtrusively as possible
. It anticipates (as it seems) the subject
. As an emph. predicate, of God
. In a neuter sense, that, it (of an action, occurrence, matte, etc.)
. With the art.: so regularly when joined to a subst. defined itself by the art.
1931 huw' hoo
of which the feminine (beyond the Pentateuch) is hiyw {he}; a
primitive word, the third person pronoun singular, he (she or
it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also
(intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same;
sometimes (as demonstrative) this or that; occasionally
(instead of copula) as or are:--he, as for her, him(-self),
it, the same, she (herself), such, that (...it), these, they,
this, those, which (is), who.
הוּא (hu) — he/she/it.
pron 3p s
1) he, she, it
1a) himself (with emphasis)
1b) resuming subj with emphasis
1c) (with minimum emphasis following predicate)
1d) (anticipating subj)
1e) (emphasising predicate)
1f) that, it (neuter) demons pron
2) that (with article)
Pron — PronounHPp3ms
אֱדוֹם (Edom) refers to both a person and a region. It is derived from the Hebrew word for 'red' and is associated with Esau, Jacob's brother. The term encompasses the Edomites, descendants of Esau, and the land of Edom, located southeast of Palestine. It is first mentioned in Genesis 25:25.
אֱדוֹם († אֱדֹם Ez 25:11) n.pr.m.
Edom
coll. Edomites, Idumeans as descend. of Esau
land of Edom, Idumaea
base
H123 אֱדוֹם . Edom
. coll. Edomites, Idumeans as descend. of Esau
. land of Edom, Idumaea
123 'Edom ed-ome'
or (fully) oEdowm {ed-ome'}; from 122; red (see Gen. 25:25);
Edom, the elder twin-brother of Jacob; hence the region
(Idumaea) occupied by him:--Edom, Edomites, Idumea.
see HEBREW for 0122
אֱדוֹם (e.dom) — Edom.
Edom = "red"
land of Edom, Idumea-land south and south east of Palestine
אֱדוֹם (e.dom) — Edom.
A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.25.25;
son of: Isaac (H3327) and Rebekah (H7259);
brother of: Israel (H3478); married to Oholibamah (H0173), Judith (H3067), Adah (H5711H) and Mahalath (H4258);
father of: Eliphaz (H0464), Reuel (H7467), Jeush (H3266), Jalam (H3281) and Korah (H7141); also called Edom at Gen.25.30; 36.1,8,19,21; 1x,54;
Another name of e.sav (עֵשָׂו "Esau" H6215G)
§ Edom = "red"
1) Edom
2) Edomite, Idumean-descendants of Esau
3) land of Edom, Idumea-land south and south east of Palestine
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
Edom
(1.) The name of Esau (q.v.), Gen. 25:30, “Feed me, I pray thee, with that same red pottage [Heb. haadom, haadom, i.e., ‘the red pottage, the red pottage’] ...Therefore was his name called Edom”, i.e., Red.
(2.) Idumea (Isa. 34:5, 6; Ezek. 35:15). “The field of Edom” (Gen. 32:3), “the land of Edom” (Gen. 36:16), was mountainous (Obad. 1:8, 9, 19, 21). It was called the land, or “the mountain of Seir,” the rough hills on the east side of the Arabah. It extended from the head of the Gulf of Akabah, the Elanitic gulf, to the foot of the Dead Sea (
Red, a name of Esau, Isaac’s eldest son, appropriate on account of his natural complexion, but given, it would seem, from the current name of food for which he sold his birthright-"that same red," Ge 25:25,30. See ESAU and IDUMEA.
red, earthy; of blood
→ (Signifies red)
1. A name of Esau, possibly on account of his being covered with red hair Ge 25:25,30; 36:1,8,19
2. A name of the land occupied by the descendants of Esau
It extended from the Elanitic Gulf to the Red Sea, and was also called IDUMEA Ge 32:3; 36:16,17,21; Jer 40:11
Noted for its wise men Ob 1:8
Sins of Ob 1:10-14
Prophecies concerning Jer 25:21-23; 27:1-11; Da 11:41
See EDOMITES
FIGURATIVE of the foes of Zion Isa 63:1