Isaiah 13:22 — Word Study
WLCוְעָנָ֤ה אִיִּים֙ בְּאַלְמנוֹתָ֔יו וְתַנִּ֖ים בְּהֵ֣יכְלֵי עֹ֑נֶג וְקָר֤וֹב לָבוֹא֙ עִתָּ֔הּ וְיָמֶ֖יהָ לֹ֥א יִמָּשֵֽׁכוּ׃
BSAHyenasʼîy [wild beasts, jackals] will howlʻânâh in her fortressesʼalmânâh [desolate houses, ruined towers] and jackalstannîyn [wolves, dragons] in her luxuriousʻôneg [pleasant, lavish] palaceshêykâl [Babylon’s] timeʻêth [the city of Babylon, appointed hour, season] is at handqârôwb [near to come, soon to arrive] and her daysyôwm [period of prosperity, era of dominance] will notlôʼ be prolongedmâshak▸ [extended, drawn out]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְעָנָ֤ה | and it will sing | Verb, Qal, sequential perfect third person masculine singular |
| אִיִּים֙ | hyenas | Noun common, masculine plural absolute |
| בְּאַלְמנוֹתָ֔יו | in palaces its | Preposition, noun common feminine plural construct, suffix |
| וְתַנִּ֖ים | and jackals | Conjunction, noun common masculine plural absolute |
| בְּהֵ֣יכְלֵי | in [the] palaces of | Preposition, noun common masculine plural construct |
| עֹ֑נֶג | delight | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| וְקָר֤וֹב | and [is] near | Conjunction |
| לָבוֹא֙ | to go | Preposition, verb qal infinitive construct common |
| עִתָּ֔הּ | time its | Noun common both singular construct, suffix |
| וְיָמֶ֖יהָ | and days its | Conjunction, noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
| לֹ֥א | not | Particle |
| יִמָּשֵֽׁכוּ׃ | they will be prolonged | Verb, Niphal, imperfect third person masculine plural |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Hyenas will howl in her fortresses and jackals in her luxurious palaces. Babylon’s time is at hand, and her days will not be prolonged. |
| KJV | And the wild beasts of the islands shall cry in their desolate houses, and dragons in their pleasant palaces: and her time is near to come, and her days shall not be prolonged. |
| ASV | And wolves shall cry in their castles, and jackals in the pleasant palaces: and her time is near to come, and her days shall not be prolonged. |
| YLT | And Aiim have responded in his forsaken habitations, And dragons in palaces of delight, And near to come [is] her time, And her days are not drawn out! |
| WEB | Hyenas will cry in their fortresses, and jackals in the pleasant palaces. Her time is near to come, and her days will not be prolonged. |
| BBE | And wolves will be answering one another in their towers, and jackals in their houses of pleasure: her time is near, and her days of power will quickly be ended. |
Where they part company is in the rendering of בְּאַלְמנוֹתָ֔יו — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence consists of multiple clauses, each contributing to the overall message of Babylon's impending doom.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectאִי
verbוְ
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Isaiah 13:22
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Prophecy Against Babylongenerated
Isaiah 13:22 depicts a vivid image of Babylon's destruction, where wild animals take over its once-grand palaces. This prophecy serves as a warning about the consequences of pride and disobedience against God, echoing themes found throughout the book of Isaiah regarding judgment and restoration. The surrounding verses elaborate on the complete desolation that awaits Babylon, emphasizing its fate as a cautionary tale for nations that forsake righteousness.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Isaiah 35:7 | The parched ground will become a pool, the thirsty land springs of water. In the haunt where jackals once lay, there will be grass and reeds and papyrus. |
| 2 | Deuteronomy 32:35 | Vengeance is Mine; I will repay. In due time their foot will slip; for their day of disaster is near, and their doom is coming quickly.” |
| 3 | Jeremiah 51:33 | For this is what the LORD of Hosts, the God of Israel, says: “The Daughter of Babylon is like a threshing floor at the time it is trampled. In just a little while her harvest time will come.” |
| 4 | Ezekiel 7:7–10 | Doom has come to you, O inhabitants of the land. The time has come; the day is near; there is panic on the mountains instead of shouts of joy. |
| 5 | Habakkuk 2:3 | For the vision awaits an appointed time; it testifies of the end and does not lie. Though it lingers, wait for it, since it will surely come and will not delay. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 7 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — עָנָה, 'anahgenerated
The verb עָנָה (*anah*) is a Qal perfect form, which indicates a completed action. It primarily means to sing or respond, but in this context, it emphasizes the howling of hyenas, reflecting the desolation of Babylon. The word conveys both a sense of musical expression and a response to the surrounding circumstances.
In this verse, עָנָה captures the haunting sound of wild beasts in a forsaken city, illustrating the stark contrast between Babylon's former glory and its current desolation. The use of this verb enhances the imagery of abandonment and despair.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, which uses howl for עָנָה, consistent with the KJV and ASV.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The verse contains multiple clauses, beginning with the verb וְעָנָה, and it will sing, which introduces the actions of the hyenas and jackals. The structure emphasizes the actions of the wild beasts in relation to the desolate state of Babylon.
The main subjects are אִיִּים (hyenas) and תַנִּים (jackals), both of which are positioned prominently to highlight their role in the prophecy. The syntax reflects the desolation of the city and the impending judgment.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates עָנָה as καὶ, indicating a straightforward connection in the action described. This choice maintains the focus on the howling aspect, aligning with the overall theme of desolation.
The term אִיִּים is rendered as ὀνοκένταυροι, which specifically refers to a type of wild beast, suggesting a more specific interpretation of the creatures inhabiting Babylon's ruins.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Isaiah 13:22 describes how hyenas and jackals will inhabit the ruins of Babylon, a city that once thrived. The verse emphasizes that Babylon's time is near, and its days of prosperity will not last. This imagery serves as a warning about the consequences of pride and disobedience to God.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
This imagery signifies the total desolation of Babylon, where once-proud structures are left to wild beasts, highlighting the city's downfall.
Jackals symbolize desolation and abandonment, representing the wild creatures that now inhabit the ruins of a once-great city.
This phrase indicates that the judgment against Babylon is imminent, emphasizing that its days of dominance are numbered.
The verse reflects the themes of judgment and the consequences of pride, which are prevalent throughout the book of Isaiah, serving as a warning to other nations.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What does the imagery of wild beasts in deserted cities teach us about the consequences of pride?
- How can we apply the lessons from Babylon's downfall to our own lives today?
- In what ways can we recognize the signs of impending judgment in our own communities?
- How does this prophecy encourage us to seek righteousness and humility?
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Isaiah 13:22 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd the wild beasts of the islands shall cry in their desolate houses,.... The Targum and Syriac version, "in their palaces", and so the Vulgate Latin; or "with their widows", such as have lost their
Read John Gill on Isaiah 13 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd the wild beasts of the islands shall cry in their desolate houses, and dragons in their pleasant palaces: and her time is near to come, and her days shall not be prolonged. The wild beasts of the islands - rather, jackals.
Read Robert Jamieson on Isaiah 13 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleHer time is near to come; so it was, though not according to man’ s rash judgment and impatient expectation, yet according to God’ s estimation, and to the eye of faith, whereby Abraham saw Christ’ s day as present, many ages before it came, : and comparatively; for it happened within two hundred years; which is but a small proportion of time, if it be compared either with the foregoing or following ages of the world, or with the immense duration of eternity, from whence it was decreed by God, and therefore might well be said now to be near the accomplishment of it. In like manner the apostles speak of the day of judgment as near in their time, though it was at many ages distance. Her days…
Read Matthew Poole on Isaiah 13 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsIsaiah 13:22 And the wild beasts of the islands shall cry in their desolate houses, and dragons in [their] pleasant palaces: and her time [is] near to come, and her days shall not be prolonged.Ver. 22. And the wild beasts of the islands.] Heb., Ijim - i.e., desolate places and far remote. And her time is near to come.] Though two hundred years hence and more ere it commence. So "Babylon is fallen, is fallen" that is, certo, cito, penitus - surely, shortly, utterly. “ O mora! Christe veni. ” “ O delay, Christ, be come.”
Read John Trapp on Isaiah 13 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(22) Wild beasts of the islands . . .—The Authorised version rests on a false etymology of the words, which strictly mean “wailers,” and in its form ey probably represents the cry of a wild beast, such as the jackal, with which it is commonly identified (see Isaiah 34:14; Jeremiah 50:39), or, possibly, the hyæna. Perhaps, however, as the word “jackal” is wanting in the next clause, it would be best to keep “wailers.” In their desolate houses.—Literally, as the text stands, among their widows; but the word closely resembles that for “castles” or “fortresses” in Isaiah 32:14; Isaiah 34:13. The Authorised version is either an attempt to combine the two meanings, or to take the word “widow”…
Read Charles John Ellicott on Isaiah 13 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 22. In their pleasant palaces - "In their palaces"] באלמנותיו bealmenothaiv; a plain mistake, I presume, for בארמנתיו bearmenothaiv. It is so corrected in two MSS., the Syriac, Chaldee, and Vulgate. Πουλυποδεςδ' ενεμοιθαλαμαςφωκαιτεμελαιναι Οικαποιησονταιακηδεα, χητεΐλαων. HOM. Hymn. in Apol. 77. Of which the following passage of Milton may be taken for a translation, though not so designed: - "And in their palaces, Where luxury late reigned, sea monsters whelped, And stabled." Par. Lost, xi. 750. This image of desolation is handled with great propriety and force by some of the Persian poets: - [Arabic] "The spider holds the veil in the palace of Caesar; The owl stands centinel on…
Read AdamClarke on Isaiah 13 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges22. the wild beasts of the islands] R.V. wolves. The word has certainly nothing to do with that for “island.” It probably comes from another root meaning “to howl”; but again it is impossible to specify the particular animal. their desolate houses] The word is ’almânôth, “widows,” which A.V. following, as so often, Jewish authorities understands figuratively. It is either a by-form or a copyist’s error for ’armìnôthâm, their palaces (see ch. Isaiah 34:13). For dragons render jackals (R.V.).
Read Cambridge on Isaiah 13 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleAnd the wild beasts of the islands - (איים 'ı̂yı̂ym); see the notes at Isaiah 11:11; Isaiah 41:1, on the word rendered ‘islands.’ The word denotes islands, or coasts, and as those coasts and islands
Read Albert Barnes on Isaiah 13 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Hyenas will howl in her fortresses and jackals in her luxurious palaces. Babylon’s time is at hand, and her days will not be prolonged.
Hyenas will cry in their fortresses, and jackals in the pleasant palaces. Her time is near to come, and her days will not be prolonged.
Hyenas will howl in her fortresses and jackals in her luxurious palaces. Babylon’s time is at hand, and her days will not be prolonged.
Wild dogs will yip in her ruined fortresses, jackals will yelp in the once-splendid palaces. Her time is almost up, her days will not be prolonged.
Tyndale line
And the wild beasts of the islands shall cry in their desolate houses, and dragons in their pleasant palaces: and her time is near to come, and her days shall not be prolonged.
And wolves shall cry in their castles, and jackals in the pleasant palaces: and her time is near to come, and her days shall not be prolonged.
And wolves shall cry in their castles, and jackals in the pleasant palaces: and her time is near to come, and her days shall not be prolonged.
And the wild beasts of the isles shall cry in their desolate houses, and dragons in their pleasant palaces: and her time is near to come, and her days shall not be prolonged.
And Iim shall crie in their palaces, and dragons in their pleasant palaces: and the time thereof is readie to come, and the daies thereof shall not be prolonged.
Strictly literal
And jackals shall cry to one another in their palaces, and wild dogs in the pleasant castles. And her time is near to come, and her days shall not be prolonged.
And Aiim have responded in his forsaken habitations, And dragons in palaces of delight, And near to come [is] her time, And her days are not drawn out!
And howlers—he has responded in his forsaken habitations, || And dragons in palaces of delight, || And her time [is] near to come, || And her days are not drawn out!”
And jackals shall howl in her palaces, and monsters in the temples of pleasure; and near to come is her time, and her days shall not be extended.
Hyenas will cry in their fortresses, and jackals in the beautiful palaces. Her time is near, and her days will not be delayed.
From the Latin
And owls shall answer one another there, in the houses thereof, and sirens in the temples of pleasure.
Simplified
Hyenas will howl in her fortresses and jackals in her lavish palaces. Babylon's time is coming soon—they will not last much longer.
And wolves will be answering one another in their towers, and jackals in their houses of pleasure: her time is near, and her days of power will quickly be ended.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text (MT) of Isaiah 13:22 states that hyenas will howl in the fortresses and jackals in the luxurious palaces, indicating that Babylon's time is near and her days will not be prolonged. The Septuagint (LXX) has a word-by-word correspondence with the MT, with 9 of the 12 words matching, though the exact wording and structure differ due to the nature of Greek. The Dead Sea Scrolls (1Qisaa) also align closely with the MT, preserving similar wording and meaning, indicating that the essential message about Babylon's impending doom remains consistent across these ancient witnesses.
וְעָנָ֤ה אִיִּים֙ בְּאַלְמנוֹתָ֔יו וְתַנִּ֖ים בְּהֵ֣יכְלֵי עֹ֑נֶג וְקָר֤וֹב לָבוֹא֙ עִתָּ֔הּ וְיָמֶ֖יהָ לֹ֥א יִמָּשֵֽׁכוּ׃
9 of the 12 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
וענה אים באלמנות׳ו ותנים בהיכל׳ו ענוג׳ו קרוב לבוא עת׳ה וימי׳ה לוא ימשכו עוד
13 words on the leather.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Isaiah 13:22
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word עָנָה (*anah*) is built from a primitive root meaning to heed or pay attention, covering a range of meanings including to answer, respond, testify, and sing. It appears in contexts where one responds to speech or circumstances, and can also refer to singing. The lexicons indicate that it can imply both verbal responses and musical expression.
[עוּן] vb. dwell
base
עָנָה 316 vb. answer, respond
Qal
answer, respond to sthg. said, actual or implied
respond to an occasion, speak in view of circumstances
money meets all demands
specif. respond as a witness, testify
less oft. make response as one accused (respondent)
Niph.
make answer
be answered
Hiph. wholly dub.; causes all things to respond in the joy of his heart
base
עָנָה vb. sing
Qal sing, utter tunefully
Pi. sing sweetly of it
base
H6030a עוּן dwell H6030b עָנָה answer, respond .. answer, respond to sthg. said, actual or implied
. . respond to an occasion, speak in view of circumstances
. money meets all demands
. . specif. respond as a witness, testify
. less oft. make response as one accused (respondent)
. . make answer
. be answered
. wholly dub.; causes all things to respond in the joy of his heart
H6030c עָנָה sing
6030 `anah aw-naw'
a primitive root; properly, to eye or (generally) to heed,
i.e. pay attention; by implication, to respond; by extens. to
begin to speak; specifically to sing, shout, testify,
announce:--give account, afflict (by mistake for 6031),
(cause to, give) answer, bring low (by mistake for 6031), cry,
hear, Leannoth, lift up, say, X scholar, (give a) shout, sing
(together by course), speak, testify, utter, (bear) witness.
See also 1042, 1043.
see HEBREW for 06031
see HEBREW for 06031
see HEBREW for 01042
see HEBREW for 01043
עוּן (un) — to dwell.
(Qal) to dwell
עָנָה (a.nah) — to answer.
1) to answer, respond, testify, speak, shout
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to answer, respond to
1a2) to testify, respond as a witness
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to make answer
1b2) to be answered, receive answer
Aramaic equivalent: a.nah (עֲנָה "to answer" H6032)
עָנָה (a.nah) — to sing.
(Qal) to sing, utter tunefully
Conj | V-Qal-3ms — Verb · Qal · sequential perfect third person masculine singularHc/Vqq3ms
אִי (iy) refers to a jackal or howling beast, often used in the plural form. The term suggests a solitary wild creature, possibly linked to the sound it makes. It is noted in the context of wild beasts, but no specific Old Testament verses are mentioned.
[אִי] n.m. jackal (howler)
base
H338 [אִי] jackal (howler)
338 'iy ee
probably identical with 337 (through the idea of a doleful
sound); a howler (used only in the plural), i.e. any solitary
wild creature; --wild beast of the islands.
see HEBREW for 0337
אִי (i) — wild beast.
howling beast, jackal
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural absoluteHNcmpa
The Hebrew word אַלְמָנָה (*almanah*) means 'widow' and is derived from the root of another word. It can also refer to a desolate place, such as a desolate house or palace. The entries consistently emphasize its primary meaning as 'widow'.
אַלְמָנָה 61 n.f. widow
base
H490 אַלְמָנָה widow
490 'almanah al-maw-naw'
fem of 488; a widow; also a desolate place:--desolate house
(palace), widow.
see HEBREW for 0488
אַלְמָנָה (al.ma.nah) — widow.
widow
Prep | N-fp | Suff — Preposition · noun common feminine plural construct · suffixHR/Ncfpc/Sp3ms
תַּן (tan) means jackal, while תַּנִּין (tan.nin) refers to a serpent, dragon, or sea monster. The entries suggest that the word can denote both land and marine creatures, including dragons and venomous snakes. Ezekiel 29:3 is specifically mentioned in relation to the term.
[תַּן] n.[m. et] f. jackal
base
תַּנִּין (erron. תַּנִּים) n.m. serpent, dragon, sea-monster
base
H8577a [תַּן] jackal H8577b תַּנִּין (erron. תַּנִּים) serpent, dragon, sea-monster
8577 tanniyn tan-neen'
or tanniym (Ezek. 29:3) {tan-neem'}; intensive from the same
as 8565; a marine or land monster, i.e. sea-serpent or
jackal:--dragon, sea-monster, serpent, whale.
see HEBREW for 08565
תַּן (tan) — jackal.
jackal
Also means: tan.nah (תַּנָּה "dragon" H8568)
תַּנִּין (tan.nin) — Dragon.
This name means dragon, serpent, sea monster
תַּנִּין (tan.nin) — serpent: snake.
1) dragon, serpent, sea monster
1a) dragon or dinosaur
1b) sea or river monster
1c) serpent, venomous snake
Also means: tan.nin (תַּנִּין ": monster" H8577N)
תַּנִּין (tan.nin) — serpent: monster.
1) dragon, serpent, sea monster
1a) dragon or dinosaur
1b) sea or river monster
1c) serpent, venomous snake
Conj | N-mp — Conjunction · noun common masculine plural absoluteHC/Ncmpa
הֵיכָל (heykal) refers to a large public building, primarily a palace or temple. It encompasses various meanings, including the palace of God as king and specific structures like the nave of Ezekiel's temple. The entries suggest a focus on both earthly and heavenly temples, but there is no significant disagreement among the lexicons.
הֵיכָל n.m. palace, temple
rather seld. (royal) palace
of palace of God considered as king, = house of God or of י׳, temple
base
H1964 הֵיכָל palace, temple
1964 heykal hay-kawl'
probably from 3201 (in the sense of capacity); a large public
building, such as a palace or temple:--palace, temple.
see HEBREW for 03201
הֵיכָל (he.khal) — temple.
: temple
1) palace, temple, nave, sanctuary
1a) palace
1b) temple (palace of God as king)
1c) hall, nave (of Ezekiel's temple)
1d) temple (of heavenly temple)
הֵיכָל (he.khal) — temple: palace.
: palace
1) palace, temple, nave, sanctuary
1a) palace
1b) temple (palace of God as king)
1c) hall, nave (of Ezekiel's temple)
1d) temple (of heavenly temple)
הֵיכָל (he.khal) — temple: nave.
: nave/hallway
1) palace, temple, nave, sanctuary
1a) palace
1b) temple (palace of God as king)
1c) hall, nave (of Ezekiel's temple)
1d) temple (of heavenly temple)
Prep | N-mp — Preposition · noun common masculine plural constructHR/Ncmpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
עֹ֫נֶג (oneg) refers to concepts of luxury and exquisite delight. It is derived from a related word and encompasses meanings such as daintiness and pleasantness. The entries consistently highlight its association with delight, but do not provide specific verse references.
עֹ֫נֶג n.[m.] dantiness, exquisite delight
base
H6027 עֹ֫נֶג dantiness, exquisite delight
6027 `oneg o'-neg
from 6026; luxury:--delight, pleasant.
see HEBREW for 06026
עֹ֫נֶג (o.neg) — delight.
exquisite delight, daintiness, delight, pleasantness
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
de-lit' (verb, chaphets, ratsah, sha`a`; sunedomai): "To delight" is most frequently expressed by chaphets, which means originally "to bend" (compare Job 40:17, "He moveth his tail"), hence, "to incline to," "take pleasure in." It is used of God's pleasure in His people (Nu 14:8; 2Sa 22:20; Ps 18:19, etc.), and in righteousness, etc. (Isa 66:4; Jer 9:24; Mic 7:18, etc.), also of man's delight in God and His will (Ps 40:8; 73:25; the King James Version and the…
קָרֹב (qarowb) means 'near' and can refer to proximity in place, time, or personal relationships, including kinship. It is derived from the root meaning to approach or be allied. The term appears in various contexts, such as describing the nearest city or a neighbor, as well as in relation to God.
קָרֹב, קָרוֹב 78 adj. near;—
of city, the nearest
of pers.:
the nearest to; his neighbour.
abs.
of near relationship
near to י׳
near to י׳ in ceremon. function
of God (י׳)
of word
of time
base
H7138 קָרֹב, קָרוֹב near
7138 qarowb kaw-robe'
or qarob {kaw-robe'}; from 7126; near (in place, kindred or
time):--allied, approach, at hand, + any of kin,
kinsfold(-sman), (that is) near (of kin), neighbour, (that is)
next, (them that come) nigh (at hand), more ready, short(-ly).
see HEBREW for 07126
קָרֹב (qa.rov) — near.
1) near
1a) of place
1b) of time
1c) of personal relationship
1c1) kinship
Conj | Adj — ConjunctionHC/Aamsa
בּוֹא (bo) is a Hebrew verb meaning to come or go in, with a wide range of applications including entering, arriving, and bringing in. It can refer to both physical movement and abstract concepts like events coming to pass. The verb appears in various forms, such as Qal (to come), Hiphil (to cause to come), and Hophal (to be brought). There is no significant disagreement among lexicons regarding its meanings.
בּוֹא 2569 vb. come in, come, go in, go
Qal
come in
come (approach, arrive)
go, i.e. walk, associate with
go from speaker, but with limit of motion given
Hiph.
cause to come in, bring in (conduct, lead, obj. persons and animals)
cause to come, bring, bring near, etc. (animate obj.)
Hoph.
be brought in (of pers. and things)
be brought
be introduced, put
base
H935 בּוֹא come in, come, go in, go .. come in
. come (approach, arrive)
. go, i.e. walk, associate with
. go from speaker, but with limit of motion given
. . cause to come in, bring in (conduct, lead, obj. persons and animals)
. cause to come, bring, bring near, etc. (animate obj.)
. . be brought in (of pers. and things)
. be brought
. be introduced, put
935 bow' bo
a primitive root; to go or come (in a wide variety of
applications):--abide, apply, attain, X be, befall, +
besiege, bring (forth, in, into, to pass), call, carry, X
certainly, (cause, let, thing for) to come (against, in, out,
upon, to pass), depart, X doubtless again, + eat, + employ,
(cause to) enter (in, into, -tering, -trance, -try), be
fallen, fetch, + follow, get, give, go (down, in, to war),
grant, + have, X indeed, (in-)vade, lead, lift (up), mention,
pull in, put, resort, run (down), send, set, X (well) stricken
(in age), X surely, take (in), way.
בּוֹא (bo) — to come (in): come.
: come/go_in
1) to go in, enter, come, go, come in
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to enter, come in
1a2) to come
1a2a) to come with
1a2b) to come upon, fall or light upon, attack (enemy)
1a2c) to come to pass
1a3) to attain to
1a4) to be enumerated
1a5) to go
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to lead in
1b2) to carry in
1b3) to bring in, cause to come in, gather, cause to come, bring near, bring against, bring upon
1b4) to bring to pass
1c) (Hophal)
1c1) to be brought, brought in
1c2) to be introduced, be put
לְב֥וֹא (bo) — Lebo-(Hamath).
This name means to go in, enter
Combined with cha.mat (חֲמָת "Hamath" H2574)
בּוֹא (bo) — to come (in): towards.
: towards/entrance
1) to go in, enter, come, go, come in
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to enter, come in
1a2) to come
1a2a) to come with
1a2b) to come upon, fall or light upon, attack (enemy)
1a2c) to come to pass
1a3) to attain to
1a4) to be enumerated
HR/Vqcc — Preposition · verb qal infinitive construct commonHR/Vqcc
(halakh, yalakh, bo', yatsa'; ago, hupago, anabaino, erchomi, aperchomai, poreuomai): "Go" ("went," etc.) occurs very frequently in the English Bible, and is the translation of a great many different Hebrew and Greek terms. As the word implies movement of all kinds, physical and mental, it has naturally many applications.
1. In the Old Testament:
In the Old Testament halakh and yalakh are among the commonest words, meaning "to go" in its original sense of "to walk," but also in the most varied senses, according to the verbal conjugations, etc., the preposition attached, and the words in connection with which the terms stand; halakh and yalakh are often used figuratively (translated "to walk," etc.) for to live, to pursue a way of life, e.g. "to walk ever in his ways" (De 19:9; compare
עֵת (eth) means 'time,' covering various aspects such as the time of an event, a usual time, or an appointed time. It can also refer to experiences or occurrences. The entries suggest it can denote both specific and uncertain times, but they do not indicate any significant disagreement among lexicons.
עֵת 297 n.f. time
time of an event
= usual time
proper, suitable time
appointed time
as uncertain
= experience, fortunes
occurrence, occasion
base
H6256 עֵת time . time of an event
. . = usual time
. proper, suitable time
. appointed time
. as uncertain
. = experience, fortunes
. occurrence, occasion
6256 `eth ayth
from 5703; time, especially (adverb with preposition) now,
when, etc.:--+ after, (al-)ways, X certain, + continually, +
evening, long, (due) season, so (long) as, (even-, evening-,
noon-)tide, ((meal-)), what) time, when.
see HEBREW for 05703
עֵת (et) — time.
1) time
1a) time (of an event)
1b) time (usual)
1c) experiences, fortunes
1d) occurrence, occasion
N-cs | Suff — Noun common both singular construct · suffixHNcbsc/Sp3fs
יוֹם (yowm) means 'day' and refers to a division of time, contrasting with night. It can denote a literal 24-hour period, a general time span, or even a year. The term is used in various contexts, including the 'day of Yahweh,' which signifies a time of divine judgment. It also appears in phrases indicating temporal references like today, yesterday, and tomorrow.
יוֹם 2285 n.m. day
day, opp. night
Day as division of time
יוֹם י׳ day of Yahweh, chiefly as time of his coming in judgment, involving often blessedness for righteous
Pl. days of anyone
Days
יוֹם = time
Phrases
base
H3117 יוֹם day . day, opp. night
. Day as division of time
. יוֹם י׳ day of Yahweh, chiefly as time of his coming in judgment, involving often blessedness for righteous
. Pl. days of anyone
. Days
. יוֹם = time
. Phrases
3117 yowm yome
from an unused root meaning to be hot; a day (as the warm
hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one
sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by
an associated term), (often used adverb):--age, + always, +
chronicals, continually(-ance), daily, ((birth-), each, to)
day, (now a, two) days (agone), + elder, X end, + evening, +
(for) ever(-lasting, -more), X full, life, as (so) long as
(... live), (even) now, + old, + outlived, + perpetually,
presently, + remaineth, X required, season, X since, space,
then, (process of) time, + as at other times, + in trouble,
weather, (as) when, (a, the, within a) while (that), X whole
(+ age), (full) year(-ly), + younger.
יוֹם (yom) — day.
: day/when/time/period
1) day, time, year
1a) day (as opposed to night)
1b) day (24 hour period)
1b1) as defined by evening and morning in Genesis 1
1b2) as a division of time
1b2a) a working day, a day's journey
1c) days, lifetime (pl.)
1d) time, period (general)
1e) year
1f) temporal references
1f1) today
1f2) yesterday
1f3) tomorrow
יוֹם (yom) — day: old.
: old/(full/many)[days]
1) day, time, year
1a) day (as opposed to night)
1b) day (24 hour period)
1b1) as defined by evening and morning in Genesis 1
1b2) as a division of time
1b2a) a working day, a day's journey
1c) days, lifetime (pl.)
1d) time, period (general)
1e) year
1f) temporal references
1f1) today
1f2) yesterday
1f3) tomorrow
יוֹם (yom) — day: year.
: year[of_days]
1) day, time, year
1a) day (as opposed to night)
1b) day (24 hour period)
1b1) as defined by evening and morning in Genesis 1
1b2) as a division of time
Conj | N-mp | Suff — Conjunction · noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHC/Ncmpc/Sp3fs
לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'
לֹא or לוֹא adv. not
base
H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not
3808 lo' lo
or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often
used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,
ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,
no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out
of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +
of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.
לֹא (lo) — not.
1) not, no
1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)
1b) not (with modifier-negation)
1c) nothing (subst)
1d) without (with particle)
1e) before (of time)
Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)
Part — ParticleHTn
מָשַׁךְ (mashak) is a Hebrew verb meaning to draw or drag, with a wide range of applications. It can refer to actions like drawing a bow, prolonging time, or trailing seed during sowing. The entries also note uses in contexts of sound and cheer, as well as implications of height and postponement.
מָשַׁךְ vb. draw, drag
Qal
draw and lift out of
draw the bow
proceed, march
draw out a sound, give a sound
draw out, prolong, continue
trail seed (draw along in sowing)
(late) cheer (draw, attract, gratigy)
Niph. they shall not be prolonged (days of Babylon); it shall not be postponed
Pu. long drawn out: of persons, = tall; hope postponed, deferred
base
H4900 מָשַׁךְ draw, drag .. draw and lift out of
. draw the bow
. proceed, march
. draw out a sound, give a sound
. draw out, prolong, continue
. trail seed (draw along in sowing)
. (late) cheer (draw, attract, gratigy)
. they shall not be prolonged (days of Babylon); it shall not be postponed
. long drawn out: of persons, = tall; hope postponed, deferred
4900 mashak maw-shak'
a primitive root; to draw, used in a great variety of
applications (including to sow, to sound, to prolong, to
develop, to march, to remove, to delay, to be tall,
etc.):--draw (along, out), continue, defer, extend, forbear,
X give, handle, make (pro-, sound)long, X sow, scatter,
stretch out.
מָשַׁךְ (ma.shakh) — to draw.
1) to draw, drag, seize
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to draw (and lift out), drag along, lead along, drag or lead off, draw down
1a2) to draw (the bow)
1a3) to proceed, march
1a4) to draw out or give (a sound)
1a5) to draw out, prolong, continue
1a6) to trail (seed in sowing)
1a7) to cheer, draw, attract, gratify
1b) (Niphal) to be drawn out
1c) (Pual)
1c1) to be drawn out, be postponed, be deferred
1c2) to be tall
V-Niphal-Imperf-3mp — Verb · Niphal · imperfect third person masculine pluralHVNi3mp